Номер 19.12, страница 110 - гдз по алгебре 10 класс учебник Абылкасымова, Жумагулова

Алгебра, 10 класс Учебник, авторы: Абылкасымова Алма Есимбековна, Жумагулова Зауре Абдыкеновна, издательство Мектеп, Алматы, 2019

Авторы: Абылкасымова А. Е., Жумагулова З. А.

Тип: Учебник

Издательство: Мектеп

Год издания: 2019 - 2026

ISBN: 978-601-07-1142-6

Утверждено Министерством образования и науки Республики Казахстан

Глава 6. Применение производной. Параграф 19. Признаки возрастания и убывания функции - номер 19.12, страница 110.

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            "text" => "<p>Для того чтобы найти промежутки убывания функции $f(x)$, необходимо найти промежутки, на которых её производная $f'(x)$ неположительна, то есть $f'(x) \le 0$.</p><p>Согласно условию, производная функции равна $f'(x) = (x - 3)(x - 1)(x - 2)^2$.</p><p>Нам необходимо решить неравенство:</p><p>$(x - 3)(x - 1)(x - 2)^2 \le 0$.</p><p>Для решения этого неравенства используем метод интервалов. Сначала найдём нули производной, решив уравнение $f'(x) = 0$:</p><p>$(x - 3)(x - 1)(x - 2)^2 = 0$.</p><p>Корнями этого уравнения являются $x=1$, $x=3$ и $x=2$.</p><p>Отметим эти точки на числовой прямой и определим знак производной в каждом из полученных интервалов.</p><p>Выражение $(x - 2)^2$ всегда больше или равно нулю ($ \ge 0 $) при любом значении $x$. Это означает, что при переходе через точку $x=2$ знак производной $f'(x)$ не изменяется, так как этот корень имеет чётную кратность (2). Таким образом, знак производной определяется знаком произведения $(x - 3)(x - 1)$.</p><p>Графиком функции $y = (x - 3)(x - 1)$ является парабола, ветви которой направлены вверх. Она принимает отрицательные значения между своими корнями $x=1$ и $x=3$.</p><p>Проанализируем знаки $f'(x)$ на интервалах:</p><p>- На интервале $(-\infty, 1)$ производная $f'(x) &gt; 0$, функция возрастает.</p><p>- На интервале $(1, 3)$ произведение $(x - 3)(x - 1) &lt; 0$, и так как $(x-2)^2 &gt; 0$ (кроме точки $x=2$), то $f'(x) &lt; 0$. В точках $x=1, x=2, x=3$ производная равна нулю. Следовательно, на всём отрезке $[1, 3]$ выполняется условие $f'(x) \le 0$. Значит, функция убывает на отрезке $[1, 3]$.</p><p>- На интервале $(3, \infty)$ производная $f'(x) &gt; 0$, функция возрастает.</p><p>Таким образом, функция убывает на одном промежутке $[1, 3]$.</p><p>Длина этого промежутка равна разности его конечных и начальных точек: $3 - 1 = 2$.</p><p>Поскольку промежуток убывания всего один, сумма длин промежутков убывания равна его длине.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> 2</p>"
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            "text" => "<p>Для того чтобы найти промежутки убывания функции $f(x)$, необходимо найти промежутки, на которых её производная $f'(x)$ неположительна, то есть $f'(x) \le 0$.</p><p>Согласно условию, производная функции равна $f'(x) = (x - 3)(x - 1)(x - 2)^2$.</p><p>Нам необходимо решить неравенство:</p><p>$(x - 3)(x - 1)(x - 2)^2 \le 0$.</p><p>Для решения этого неравенства используем метод интервалов. Сначала найдём нули производной, решив уравнение $f'(x) = 0$:</p><p>$(x - 3)(x - 1)(x - 2)^2 = 0$.</p><p>Корнями этого уравнения являются $x=1$, $x=3$ и $x=2$.</p><p>Отметим эти точки на числовой прямой и определим знак производной в каждом из полученных интервалов.</p><p>Выражение $(x - 2)^2$ всегда больше или равно нулю ($ \ge 0 $) при любом значении $x$. Это означает, что при переходе через точку $x=2$ знак производной $f'(x)$ не изменяется, так как этот корень имеет чётную кратность (2). Таким образом, знак производной определяется знаком произведения $(x - 3)(x - 1)$.</p><p>Графиком функции $y = (x - 3)(x - 1)$ является парабола, ветви которой направлены вверх. Она принимает отрицательные значения между своими корнями $x=1$ и $x=3$.</p><p>Проанализируем знаки $f'(x)$ на интервалах:</p><p>- На интервале $(-\infty, 1)$ производная $f'(x) &gt; 0$, функция возрастает.</p><p>- На интервале $(1, 3)$ произведение $(x - 3)(x - 1) &lt; 0$, и так как $(x-2)^2 &gt; 0$ (кроме точки $x=2$), то $f'(x) &lt; 0$. В точках $x=1, x=2, x=3$ производная равна нулю. Следовательно, на всём отрезке $[1, 3]$ выполняется условие $f'(x) \le 0$. Значит, функция убывает на отрезке $[1, 3]$.</p><p>- На интервале $(3, \infty)$ производная $f'(x) &gt; 0$, функция возрастает.</p><p>Таким образом, функция убывает на одном промежутке $[1, 3]$.</p><p>Длина этого промежутка равна разности его конечных и начальных точек: $3 - 1 = 2$.</p><p>Поскольку промежуток убывания всего один, сумма длин промежутков убывания равна его длине.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> 2</p>"
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№19.12 (с. 110)
Условие. №19.12 (с. 110)
скриншот условия
Алгебра, 10 класс Учебник, авторы: Абылкасымова Алма Есимбековна, Жумагулова Зауре Абдыкеновна, издательство Мектеп, Алматы, 2019, страница 110, номер 19.12, Условие

19.12. Производная функции $f(x)$ равна $f'(x) = (x - 3)(x - 1)(x - 2)^2$.

Найдите сумму длин промежутков убывания функции.

Решение. №19.12 (с. 110)
Алгебра, 10 класс Учебник, авторы: Абылкасымова Алма Есимбековна, Жумагулова Зауре Абдыкеновна, издательство Мектеп, Алматы, 2019, страница 110, номер 19.12, Решение
Решение 2. №19.12 (с. 110)

Для того чтобы найти промежутки убывания функции $f(x)$, необходимо найти промежутки, на которых её производная $f'(x)$ неположительна, то есть $f'(x) \le 0$.

Согласно условию, производная функции равна $f'(x) = (x - 3)(x - 1)(x - 2)^2$.

Нам необходимо решить неравенство:

$(x - 3)(x - 1)(x - 2)^2 \le 0$.

Для решения этого неравенства используем метод интервалов. Сначала найдём нули производной, решив уравнение $f'(x) = 0$:

$(x - 3)(x - 1)(x - 2)^2 = 0$.

Корнями этого уравнения являются $x=1$, $x=3$ и $x=2$.

Отметим эти точки на числовой прямой и определим знак производной в каждом из полученных интервалов.

Выражение $(x - 2)^2$ всегда больше или равно нулю ($ \ge 0 $) при любом значении $x$. Это означает, что при переходе через точку $x=2$ знак производной $f'(x)$ не изменяется, так как этот корень имеет чётную кратность (2). Таким образом, знак производной определяется знаком произведения $(x - 3)(x - 1)$.

Графиком функции $y = (x - 3)(x - 1)$ является парабола, ветви которой направлены вверх. Она принимает отрицательные значения между своими корнями $x=1$ и $x=3$.

Проанализируем знаки $f'(x)$ на интервалах:

- На интервале $(-\infty, 1)$ производная $f'(x) > 0$, функция возрастает.

- На интервале $(1, 3)$ произведение $(x - 3)(x - 1) < 0$, и так как $(x-2)^2 > 0$ (кроме точки $x=2$), то $f'(x) < 0$. В точках $x=1, x=2, x=3$ производная равна нулю. Следовательно, на всём отрезке $[1, 3]$ выполняется условие $f'(x) \le 0$. Значит, функция убывает на отрезке $[1, 3]$.

- На интервале $(3, \infty)$ производная $f'(x) > 0$, функция возрастает.

Таким образом, функция убывает на одном промежутке $[1, 3]$.

Длина этого промежутка равна разности его конечных и начальных точек: $3 - 1 = 2$.

Поскольку промежуток убывания всего один, сумма длин промежутков убывания равна его длине.

Ответ: 2

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