Номер 21, страница 124 - гдз по алгебре 10 класс учебник Абылкасымова, Жумагулова

Алгебра, 10 класс Учебник, авторы: Абылкасымова Алма Есимбековна, Жумагулова Зауре Абдыкеновна, издательство Мектеп, Алматы, 2019

Авторы: Абылкасымова А. Е., Жумагулова З. А.

Тип: Учебник

Издательство: Мектеп

Год издания: 2019 - 2026

ISBN: 978-601-07-1142-6

Утверждено Министерством образования и науки Республики Казахстан

Глава 6. Применение производной. Проверь себя! - номер 21, страница 124.

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            "text" => "<p>Для нахождения наибольшего и наименьшего значений функции $f(x) = \sqrt{2}x + \cos(2x)$ на отрезке $[0; \frac{\pi}{4}]$, необходимо выполнить следующие шаги.</p><p><strong>1. Найти производную функции.</strong></p><p>Производная функции $f(x)$ вычисляется по правилу дифференцирования суммы и сложной функции:</p><p>$f'(x) = (\sqrt{2}x + \cos(2x))' = (\sqrt{2}x)' + (\cos(2x))' = \sqrt{2} - 2\sin(2x)$.</p><p><strong>2. Найти критические точки функции.</strong></p><p>Критические точки — это точки из области определения функции, в которых производная равна нулю или не существует. Производная $f'(x)$ определена для всех $x$. Найдем точки, в которых производная равна нулю:</p><p>$f'(x) = 0$</p><p>$\sqrt{2} - 2\sin(2x) = 0$</p><p>$2\sin(2x) = \sqrt{2}$</p><p>$\sin(2x) = \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$</p><p>Решениями этого тригонометрического уравнения являются:</p><p>$2x = \frac{\pi}{4} + 2\pi k$ и $2x = \pi - \frac{\pi}{4} + 2\pi k = \frac{3\pi}{4} + 2\pi k$, где $k$ — любое целое число ($k \in \mathbb{Z}$).</p><p>Отсюда находим $x$:</p><p>$x = \frac{\pi}{8} + \pi k$ и $x = \frac{3\pi}{8} + \pi k$.</p><p>Теперь необходимо выбрать те из найденных точек, которые принадлежат заданному отрезку $[0; \frac{\pi}{4}]$.</p><p>Для первой серии корней $x = \frac{\pi}{8} + \pi k$: при $k=0$ получаем $x = \frac{\pi}{8}$. Эта точка принадлежит отрезку $[0; \frac{\pi}{4}]$, так как $0 \le \frac{\pi}{8} \le \frac{\pi}{4}$. При других целых $k$ точки выходят за пределы отрезка.</p><p>Для второй серии корней $x = \frac{3\pi}{8} + \pi k$: при $k=0$ получаем $x = \frac{3\pi}{8}$. Эта точка не принадлежит отрезку $[0; \frac{\pi}{4}]$, так как $\frac{3\pi}{8} &gt; \frac{\pi}{4}$.</p><p>Таким образом, на заданном отрезке имеется только одна критическая точка: $x = \frac{\pi}{8}$.</p><p><strong>3. Вычислить значения функции в критической точке и на концах отрезка.</strong></p><p>Значения функции на концах отрезка и в критической точке равны:</p><p>$f(0) = \sqrt{2} \cdot 0 + \cos(2 \cdot 0) = 0 + \cos(0) = 1$.</p><p>$f(\frac{\pi}{4}) = \sqrt{2} \cdot \frac{\pi}{4} + \cos(2 \cdot \frac{\pi}{4}) = \frac{\pi\sqrt{2}}{4} + \cos(\frac{\pi}{2}) = \frac{\pi\sqrt{2}}{4} + 0 = \frac{\pi\sqrt{2}}{4}$.</p><p>$f(\frac{\pi}{8}) = \sqrt{2} \cdot \frac{\pi}{8} + \cos(2 \cdot \frac{\pi}{8}) = \frac{\pi\sqrt{2}}{8} + \cos(\frac{\pi}{4}) = \frac{\pi\sqrt{2}}{8} + \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$.</p><p><strong>4. Сравнить полученные значения.</strong></p><p>Сравним три полученных значения: $1$, $\frac{\pi\sqrt{2}}{4}$ и $\frac{\pi\sqrt{2}}{8} + \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$.</p><p>Так как $\pi \approx 3.14$, а $\sqrt{2} \approx 1.414$, то $\pi\sqrt{2} \approx 4.44 &gt; 4$, следовательно $\frac{\pi\sqrt{2}}{4} &gt; 1$.</p><p>Теперь сравним $f(\frac{\pi}{4})$ и $f(\frac{\pi}{8})$:</p><p>$f(\frac{\pi}{4}) = \frac{\pi\sqrt{2}}{4} = \frac{2\pi\sqrt{2}}{8}$.</p><p>$f(\frac{\pi}{8}) = \frac{\pi\sqrt{2}}{8} + \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2} = \frac{\pi\sqrt{2}}{8} + \frac{4\sqrt{2}}{8} = \frac{\sqrt{2}(\pi+4)}{8}$.</p><p>Сравнение $\frac{2\pi\sqrt{2}}{8}$ и $\frac{\sqrt{2}(\pi+4)}{8}$ сводится к сравнению $2\pi$ и $\pi+4$.</p><p>Вычтем $\pi$ из обеих частей: сравним $\pi$ и $4$.</p><p>Так как $\pi &lt; 4$, то $2\pi &lt; \pi+4$, и, следовательно, $f(\frac{\pi}{4}) &lt; f(\frac{\pi}{8})$.</p><p>Таким образом, мы получили, что $f(0) &lt; f(\frac{\pi}{4}) &lt; f(\frac{\pi}{8})$.</p><p>Наименьшее значение функции на отрезке — $y_{min} = f(0) = 1$.</p><p>Наибольшее значение функции на отрезке — $y_{max} = f(\frac{\pi}{8}) = \frac{\pi\sqrt{2}}{8} + \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$. Это значение можно представить в виде $\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}(\frac{\pi}{4}+1)$.</p><p>Найденные значения соответствуют варианту ответа А.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Наименьшее значение функции равно $1$, наибольшее значение равно $\frac{\pi\sqrt{2}}{8} + \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$.</p>"
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            "text" => "<p>Для нахождения наибольшего и наименьшего значений функции $f(x) = \sqrt{2}x + \cos(2x)$ на отрезке $[0; \frac{\pi}{4}]$, необходимо выполнить следующие шаги.</p><p><strong>1. Найти производную функции.</strong></p><p>Производная функции $f(x)$ вычисляется по правилу дифференцирования суммы и сложной функции:</p><p>$f'(x) = (\sqrt{2}x + \cos(2x))' = (\sqrt{2}x)' + (\cos(2x))' = \sqrt{2} - 2\sin(2x)$.</p><p><strong>2. Найти критические точки функции.</strong></p><p>Критические точки — это точки из области определения функции, в которых производная равна нулю или не существует. Производная $f'(x)$ определена для всех $x$. Найдем точки, в которых производная равна нулю:</p><p>$f'(x) = 0$</p><p>$\sqrt{2} - 2\sin(2x) = 0$</p><p>$2\sin(2x) = \sqrt{2}$</p><p>$\sin(2x) = \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$</p><p>Решениями этого тригонометрического уравнения являются:</p><p>$2x = \frac{\pi}{4} + 2\pi k$ и $2x = \pi - \frac{\pi}{4} + 2\pi k = \frac{3\pi}{4} + 2\pi k$, где $k$ — любое целое число ($k \in \mathbb{Z}$).</p><p>Отсюда находим $x$:</p><p>$x = \frac{\pi}{8} + \pi k$ и $x = \frac{3\pi}{8} + \pi k$.</p><p>Теперь необходимо выбрать те из найденных точек, которые принадлежат заданному отрезку $[0; \frac{\pi}{4}]$.</p><p>Для первой серии корней $x = \frac{\pi}{8} + \pi k$: при $k=0$ получаем $x = \frac{\pi}{8}$. Эта точка принадлежит отрезку $[0; \frac{\pi}{4}]$, так как $0 \le \frac{\pi}{8} \le \frac{\pi}{4}$. При других целых $k$ точки выходят за пределы отрезка.</p><p>Для второй серии корней $x = \frac{3\pi}{8} + \pi k$: при $k=0$ получаем $x = \frac{3\pi}{8}$. Эта точка не принадлежит отрезку $[0; \frac{\pi}{4}]$, так как $\frac{3\pi}{8} &gt; \frac{\pi}{4}$.</p><p>Таким образом, на заданном отрезке имеется только одна критическая точка: $x = \frac{\pi}{8}$.</p><p><strong>3. Вычислить значения функции в критической точке и на концах отрезка.</strong></p><p>Значения функции на концах отрезка и в критической точке равны:</p><p>$f(0) = \sqrt{2} \cdot 0 + \cos(2 \cdot 0) = 0 + \cos(0) = 1$.</p><p>$f(\frac{\pi}{4}) = \sqrt{2} \cdot \frac{\pi}{4} + \cos(2 \cdot \frac{\pi}{4}) = \frac{\pi\sqrt{2}}{4} + \cos(\frac{\pi}{2}) = \frac{\pi\sqrt{2}}{4} + 0 = \frac{\pi\sqrt{2}}{4}$.</p><p>$f(\frac{\pi}{8}) = \sqrt{2} \cdot \frac{\pi}{8} + \cos(2 \cdot \frac{\pi}{8}) = \frac{\pi\sqrt{2}}{8} + \cos(\frac{\pi}{4}) = \frac{\pi\sqrt{2}}{8} + \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$.</p><p><strong>4. Сравнить полученные значения.</strong></p><p>Сравним три полученных значения: $1$, $\frac{\pi\sqrt{2}}{4}$ и $\frac{\pi\sqrt{2}}{8} + \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$.</p><p>Так как $\pi \approx 3.14$, а $\sqrt{2} \approx 1.414$, то $\pi\sqrt{2} \approx 4.44 &gt; 4$, следовательно $\frac{\pi\sqrt{2}}{4} &gt; 1$.</p><p>Теперь сравним $f(\frac{\pi}{4})$ и $f(\frac{\pi}{8})$:</p><p>$f(\frac{\pi}{4}) = \frac{\pi\sqrt{2}}{4} = \frac{2\pi\sqrt{2}}{8}$.</p><p>$f(\frac{\pi}{8}) = \frac{\pi\sqrt{2}}{8} + \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2} = \frac{\pi\sqrt{2}}{8} + \frac{4\sqrt{2}}{8} = \frac{\sqrt{2}(\pi+4)}{8}$.</p><p>Сравнение $\frac{2\pi\sqrt{2}}{8}$ и $\frac{\sqrt{2}(\pi+4)}{8}$ сводится к сравнению $2\pi$ и $\pi+4$.</p><p>Вычтем $\pi$ из обеих частей: сравним $\pi$ и $4$.</p><p>Так как $\pi &lt; 4$, то $2\pi &lt; \pi+4$, и, следовательно, $f(\frac{\pi}{4}) &lt; f(\frac{\pi}{8})$.</p><p>Таким образом, мы получили, что $f(0) &lt; f(\frac{\pi}{4}) &lt; f(\frac{\pi}{8})$.</p><p>Наименьшее значение функции на отрезке — $y_{min} = f(0) = 1$.</p><p>Наибольшее значение функции на отрезке — $y_{max} = f(\frac{\pi}{8}) = \frac{\pi\sqrt{2}}{8} + \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$. Это значение можно представить в виде $\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}(\frac{\pi}{4}+1)$.</p><p>Найденные значения соответствуют варианту ответа А.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Наименьшее значение функции равно $1$, наибольшее значение равно $\frac{\pi\sqrt{2}}{8} + \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$.</p>"
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                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [
                    "id" => 5459
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "10"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_translit" => "desjatyj"
                  ]
                  #original: array:6 [
                    "id" => 5459
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "10"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_translit" => "desjatyj"
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1142
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [
                    "id" => 6996
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Мектеп"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_translit" => "mektep"
                  ]
                  #original: array:6 [
                    "id" => 6996
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Мектеп"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_translit" => "mektep"
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145
              #items: array:2 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1143
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:12 [
                    "id" => 6997
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Абылкасымова"
                    "field_bio" => null
                    "field_degree_rp" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                    "field_name" => "Алма"
                    "field_patronymic" => "Есимбековна"
                    "field_surname_rp" => null
                  ]
                  #original: array:12 [
                    "id" => 6997
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Абылкасымова"
                    "field_bio" => null
                    "field_degree_rp" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                    "field_name" => "Алма"
                    "field_patronymic" => "Есимбековна"
                    "field_surname_rp" => null
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
                1 => App\Models\Term {#1173
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:12 [
                    "id" => 6999
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Жумагулова"
                    "field_bio" => null
                    "field_degree_rp" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                    "field_name" => "Зауре"
                    "field_patronymic" => "Абдыкеновна"
                    "field_surname_rp" => null
                  ]
                  #original: array:12 [
                    "id" => 6999
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Жумагулова"
                    "field_bio" => null
                    "field_degree_rp" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                    "field_name" => "Зауре"
                    "field_patronymic" => "Абдыкеновна"
                    "field_surname_rp" => null
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1174
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1176
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1177
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:10 [
                    "id" => 6671
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Учебник"
                    "field_book_type_foreign" => null
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_plural_form" => null
                    "field_short_name" => null
                    "field_short_name_foreign" => null
                    "field_translit" => "uchebnik"
                  ]
                  #original: array:10 [
                    "id" => 6671
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Учебник"
                    "field_book_type_foreign" => null
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_plural_form" => null
                    "field_short_name" => null
                    "field_short_name_foreign" => null
                    "field_translit" => "uchebnik"
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1178
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1179
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [
                    "id" => 6994
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Казахстан"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_translit" => "kazakhstan"
                  ]
                  #original: array:6 [
                    "id" => 6994
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Казахстан"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_translit" => "kazakhstan"
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1180
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1181
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [
                    "id" => 6995
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Алматы"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_translit" => "almaty"
                  ]
                  #original: array:6 [
                    "id" => 6995
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Алматы"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_translit" => "almaty"
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1182
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1183
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1184
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1185
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_publication_number" => null
            "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1186
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1187
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
            "field_cover_description" => null
            "field_publication_year" => "2019"
            "field_publication_year_until" => null
            "field_part" => ""
            "field_part_writing" => ""
            "field_second_foreign_language" => null
            "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 10 класса общественно-гуманитарного направления общеобразовательных школ"
            "field_allowed" => "Утверждено Министерством образования и науки Республики Казахстан"
            "field_reserve_field" => null
            "field_link_to_source" => null
            "field_tasks_count" => "514"
            "field_priority" => "2"
            "field_default_folder" => "/algebra_10/Abylkasymova-u/"
            "field_isbn" => "978-601-07-1142-6"
            "field_cover" => array:1 [
              0 => "/media/algebra_10/Abylkasymova-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1752146622"
            ]
            "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [
              0 => ""
            ]
            "field_covers" => array:1 [
              0 => array:4 [
                "path" => "/media/algebra_10/Abylkasymova-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1752146622"
                "alt" => ""
                "width" => "1940"
                "height" => "2895"
              ]
            ]
            "field_popular_book" => null
            "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1188
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1189
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1190
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_url" => "/10-klass/algebra/abylkasymova-uchebnik"
            "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1191
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
              "class" => 381
              "subject" => 542
              "class_subject" => 387
            ]
          ]
          #original: array:50 [
            "id" => 4293
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks"
            "field_pages_status" => null
            "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1140}
            "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146}
            "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144}
            "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145}
            "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1174}
            "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1176}
            "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1178}
            "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1180}
            "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1182}
            "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1183}
            "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1184}
            "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1185}
            "field_publication_number" => null
            "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1186}
            "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1187}
            "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
            "field_cover_description" => null
            "field_publication_year" => "2019"
            "field_publication_year_until" => null
            "field_part" => ""
            "field_part_writing" => ""
            "field_second_foreign_language" => null
            "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 10 класса общественно-гуманитарного направления общеобразовательных школ"
            "field_allowed" => "Утверждено Министерством образования и науки Республики Казахстан"
            "field_reserve_field" => null
            "field_link_to_source" => null
            "field_tasks_count" => "514"
            "field_priority" => "2"
            "field_default_folder" => "/algebra_10/Abylkasymova-u/"
            "field_isbn" => "978-601-07-1142-6"
            "field_cover" => array:1 [
              0 => "/media/algebra_10/Abylkasymova-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1752146622"
            ]
            "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [
              0 => ""
            ]
            "field_covers" => array:1 [
              0 => array:4 [
                "path" => "/media/algebra_10/Abylkasymova-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1752146622"
                "alt" => ""
                "width" => "1940"
                "height" => "2895"
              ]
            ]
            "field_popular_book" => null
            "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1188}
            "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1189}
            "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1190}
            "field_url" => "/10-klass/algebra/abylkasymova-uchebnik"
            "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1191}
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
              "class" => 381
              "subject" => 542
              "class_subject" => 387
            ]
          ]
          #changes: []
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          #dateFormat: null
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          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
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          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "page" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1199
      #items: array:1 [
        0 => App\Models\BookPage {#1198
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "book_pages"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:21 [
            "id" => 1098461
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_page_start" => "124"
            "field_url" => "/10-klass/algebra/abylkasymova-uchebnik/page-124"
            "field_display_title" => "124"
            "field_folder" => "1"
            "field_image_name" => "124"
            "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1200
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_weight" => "0"
            "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1201
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1147}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1202
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1212
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Element {#1211
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "elements"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [
                    "id" => 1261886
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1213 …2}
                    "book_page" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "img" => array:1 [ …1]
                  ]
                  #original: array:6 [
                    "id" => 1261886
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1213 …2}
                    "book_page" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "img" => array:1 [ …1]
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "next" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1098462"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
            "previous" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1098460"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
            "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1368
              #items: array:6 [
                0 => App\Models\Task {#1380
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1113996
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_page_start" => "124"
                    "field_page_end" => null
                    "field_url" => "/10-klass/algebra/abylkasymova-uchebnik/prceb122-20"
                    "field_display_title" => "20"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1381 …2}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_match" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => []
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№21 (с. 124)
Условие. №21 (с. 124)
скриншот условия
Алгебра, 10 класс Учебник, авторы: Абылкасымова Алма Есимбековна, Жумагулова Зауре Абдыкеновна, издательство Мектеп, Алматы, 2019, страница 124, номер 21, Условие

21. Найдите наибольшее и наименьшее значения функции $f(x) = \sqrt{2}x + \cos 2x$ на отрезке $[0; \frac{\pi}{4}]$:

A) $1; \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}; [\frac{\pi}{4} + 1];$

B) $0; \pi\sqrt{2};$

C) $\frac{\pi}{4}; \pi;$

D) $\pi\sqrt{2}; \pi.$

Решение. №21 (с. 124)
Алгебра, 10 класс Учебник, авторы: Абылкасымова Алма Есимбековна, Жумагулова Зауре Абдыкеновна, издательство Мектеп, Алматы, 2019, страница 124, номер 21, Решение
Решение 2. №21 (с. 124)

Для нахождения наибольшего и наименьшего значений функции $f(x) = \sqrt{2}x + \cos(2x)$ на отрезке $[0; \frac{\pi}{4}]$, необходимо выполнить следующие шаги.

1. Найти производную функции.

Производная функции $f(x)$ вычисляется по правилу дифференцирования суммы и сложной функции:

$f'(x) = (\sqrt{2}x + \cos(2x))' = (\sqrt{2}x)' + (\cos(2x))' = \sqrt{2} - 2\sin(2x)$.

2. Найти критические точки функции.

Критические точки — это точки из области определения функции, в которых производная равна нулю или не существует. Производная $f'(x)$ определена для всех $x$. Найдем точки, в которых производная равна нулю:

$f'(x) = 0$

$\sqrt{2} - 2\sin(2x) = 0$

$2\sin(2x) = \sqrt{2}$

$\sin(2x) = \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$

Решениями этого тригонометрического уравнения являются:

$2x = \frac{\pi}{4} + 2\pi k$ и $2x = \pi - \frac{\pi}{4} + 2\pi k = \frac{3\pi}{4} + 2\pi k$, где $k$ — любое целое число ($k \in \mathbb{Z}$).

Отсюда находим $x$:

$x = \frac{\pi}{8} + \pi k$ и $x = \frac{3\pi}{8} + \pi k$.

Теперь необходимо выбрать те из найденных точек, которые принадлежат заданному отрезку $[0; \frac{\pi}{4}]$.

Для первой серии корней $x = \frac{\pi}{8} + \pi k$: при $k=0$ получаем $x = \frac{\pi}{8}$. Эта точка принадлежит отрезку $[0; \frac{\pi}{4}]$, так как $0 \le \frac{\pi}{8} \le \frac{\pi}{4}$. При других целых $k$ точки выходят за пределы отрезка.

Для второй серии корней $x = \frac{3\pi}{8} + \pi k$: при $k=0$ получаем $x = \frac{3\pi}{8}$. Эта точка не принадлежит отрезку $[0; \frac{\pi}{4}]$, так как $\frac{3\pi}{8} > \frac{\pi}{4}$.

Таким образом, на заданном отрезке имеется только одна критическая точка: $x = \frac{\pi}{8}$.

3. Вычислить значения функции в критической точке и на концах отрезка.

Значения функции на концах отрезка и в критической точке равны:

$f(0) = \sqrt{2} \cdot 0 + \cos(2 \cdot 0) = 0 + \cos(0) = 1$.

$f(\frac{\pi}{4}) = \sqrt{2} \cdot \frac{\pi}{4} + \cos(2 \cdot \frac{\pi}{4}) = \frac{\pi\sqrt{2}}{4} + \cos(\frac{\pi}{2}) = \frac{\pi\sqrt{2}}{4} + 0 = \frac{\pi\sqrt{2}}{4}$.

$f(\frac{\pi}{8}) = \sqrt{2} \cdot \frac{\pi}{8} + \cos(2 \cdot \frac{\pi}{8}) = \frac{\pi\sqrt{2}}{8} + \cos(\frac{\pi}{4}) = \frac{\pi\sqrt{2}}{8} + \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$.

4. Сравнить полученные значения.

Сравним три полученных значения: $1$, $\frac{\pi\sqrt{2}}{4}$ и $\frac{\pi\sqrt{2}}{8} + \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$.

Так как $\pi \approx 3.14$, а $\sqrt{2} \approx 1.414$, то $\pi\sqrt{2} \approx 4.44 > 4$, следовательно $\frac{\pi\sqrt{2}}{4} > 1$.

Теперь сравним $f(\frac{\pi}{4})$ и $f(\frac{\pi}{8})$:

$f(\frac{\pi}{4}) = \frac{\pi\sqrt{2}}{4} = \frac{2\pi\sqrt{2}}{8}$.

$f(\frac{\pi}{8}) = \frac{\pi\sqrt{2}}{8} + \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2} = \frac{\pi\sqrt{2}}{8} + \frac{4\sqrt{2}}{8} = \frac{\sqrt{2}(\pi+4)}{8}$.

Сравнение $\frac{2\pi\sqrt{2}}{8}$ и $\frac{\sqrt{2}(\pi+4)}{8}$ сводится к сравнению $2\pi$ и $\pi+4$.

Вычтем $\pi$ из обеих частей: сравним $\pi$ и $4$.

Так как $\pi < 4$, то $2\pi < \pi+4$, и, следовательно, $f(\frac{\pi}{4}) < f(\frac{\pi}{8})$.

Таким образом, мы получили, что $f(0) < f(\frac{\pi}{4}) < f(\frac{\pi}{8})$.

Наименьшее значение функции на отрезке — $y_{min} = f(0) = 1$.

Наибольшее значение функции на отрезке — $y_{max} = f(\frac{\pi}{8}) = \frac{\pi\sqrt{2}}{8} + \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$. Это значение можно представить в виде $\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}(\frac{\pi}{4}+1)$.

Найденные значения соответствуют варианту ответа А.

Ответ: Наименьшее значение функции равно $1$, наибольшее значение равно $\frac{\pi\sqrt{2}}{8} + \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$.

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