Номер 1, страница 76, часть 1 - гдз по алгебре 10 класс учебник Пак, Ардакулы

Алгебра, 10 класс Учебник, авторы: Пак Олег Владимирович, Ардакулы Дархан, Ескендирова Елена Викторовна, издательство Алматыкітап баспасы, Алматы, 2019

Авторы: Пак О. В., Ардакулы Д., Ескендирова Е. В.

Тип: Учебник

Издательство: Алматыкітап баспасы

Год издания: 2019 - 2026

Часть: 1

ISBN: 978-601-01-3958-9

Рекомендовано Министерством образования и науки Республики Казахстан

Часть 1. Глава 2. Тригонометрические функции. Параграф 1. Свойства и график и тригонометрических функций. 1.2. Определения тригонометрических функций. Упражнения - номер 1, страница 76.

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                        2 => App\Models\Term {#1130
                          #connection: "mysql"
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        3 => App\Models\Branch {#1160
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                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1175
                  #connection: "mysql"
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            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1161
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            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1172
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                0 => App\Models\Book {#1120}
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            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1185
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                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1184
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                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                    "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1188
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            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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            "field_display_title" => "Упражнения"
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            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1161}
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      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
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    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070
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            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1087
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                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1096
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            "task" => array:2 [
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            "text" => "<p><strong>Упражнение 1</strong></p><p>Отметьте на окружности точки</p><p>$M_{\frac{\pi}{2}}, M_{\frac{2\pi}{3}}, M_{2-\frac{\pi}{3}}, M_{2-\frac{\pi}{6}}, M_{\frac{\pi}{6}}, M_{\frac{\pi}{3}}, M_{\frac{2\pi}{3}}, M_{-\frac{2\pi}{3}}, M_{-2\frac{1}{3}\pi}, M_{-21\frac{1}{2}\pi}$.</p><p>(Отмечать можно и нужно, полагаясь на свой глазомер, например, путь длины $\frac{\pi}{3}$ в 3 раза меньше пути длины $\pi$).</p>"
            "img" => array:1 [
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                "name" => "1-1.jpg"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "1748"
                "height" => 519
                "path" => "/media/algebra_10/baspasy-u19/0-2-1-2upr/1-1.webp?ts=1753534544"
              ]
            ]
          ]
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            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1087}
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1119690"
              "type" => "task"
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            "text" => "<p><strong>Упражнение 1</strong></p><p>Отметьте на окружности точки</p><p>$M_{\frac{\pi}{2}}, M_{\frac{2\pi}{3}}, M_{2-\frac{\pi}{3}}, M_{2-\frac{\pi}{6}}, M_{\frac{\pi}{6}}, M_{\frac{\pi}{3}}, M_{\frac{2\pi}{3}}, M_{-\frac{2\pi}{3}}, M_{-2\frac{1}{3}\pi}, M_{-21\frac{1}{2}\pi}$.</p><p>(Отмечать можно и нужно, полагаясь на свой глазомер, например, путь длины $\frac{\pi}{3}$ в 3 раза меньше пути длины $\pi$).</p>"
            "img" => array:1 [
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                "width" => "1748"
                "height" => 519
                "path" => "/media/algebra_10/baspasy-u19/0-2-1-2upr/1-1.webp?ts=1753534544"
              ]
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        }
        1 => App\Models\Element {#1089
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          #table: "elements"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
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          #with: []
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          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
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          #attributes: array:6 [
            "id" => 1551411
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081
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                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1090
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                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
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                  #withCount: []
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                  +exists: true
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                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Решение 2 (rus)"
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                    "id" => 5659
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Решение 2 (rus)"
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                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086}
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                    0 => "*"
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            "task" => array:2 [
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            "text" => "<p>Для того чтобы отметить заданные точки на окружности, необходимо определить их положение, то есть угол, который они образуют с положительным направлением оси Ox. Положительные углы откладываются против часовой стрелки, а отрицательные – по часовой стрелке. Полный оборот по окружности составляет $2\pi$ радиан или $360^\circ$. Если угол по абсолютной величине больше $2\pi$, мы можем прибавлять или вычитать $2\pi$ до тех пор, пока не получим угол в пределах одного оборота (например, от $0$ до $2\pi$), так как точки на окружности будут совпадать.</p><p><strong>$M_{\frac{\pi}{2}}$</strong></p><p>Точка соответствует углу $\frac{\pi}{2}$ радиан, что равно $90^\circ$. Для ее нахождения нужно от начальной точки (соответствующей углу 0) пройти четверть окружности против часовой стрелки. Эта точка находится на положительной части оси OY.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Точка $M_{\frac{\pi}{2}}$ расположена в верхней части окружности, на пересечении с осью OY, ее координаты (0, 1) на единичной окружности.</p><p><strong>$M_{\frac{2\pi}{3}}$</strong></p><p>Точка соответствует углу $\frac{2\pi}{3}$ радиан, что равно $120^\circ$. Этот угол больше, чем $\frac{\pi}{2}$ ($90^\circ$), но меньше, чем $\pi$ ($180^\circ$), поэтому точка располагается во второй координатной четверти.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Точка $M_{\frac{2\pi}{3}}$ расположена во второй четверти.</p><p><strong>$M_{2\frac{1}{3}\pi}$</strong></p><p>Сначала преобразуем смешанную дробь в неправильную: $2\frac{1}{3}\pi = \frac{7\pi}{3}$. Чтобы найти положение точки на единичной окружности, вычтем полный оборот $2\pi$: $\frac{7\pi}{3} = \frac{6\pi + \pi}{3} = 2\pi + \frac{\pi}{3}$. Это означает, что точка $M_{2\frac{1}{3}\pi}$ совпадает с точкой $M_{\frac{\pi}{3}}$. Угол $\frac{\pi}{3}$ радиан равен $60^\circ$.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Точка $M_{2\frac{1}{3}\pi}$ совпадает с точкой $M_{\frac{\pi}{3}}$ и расположена в первой четверти.</p><p><strong>$M_{2\frac{1}{6}\pi}$</strong></p><p>Преобразуем значение угла: $2\frac{1}{6}\pi = \frac{13\pi}{6}$. Найдем основное значение угла, вычитая полный оборот: $\frac{13\pi}{6} = \frac{12\pi + \pi}{6} = 2\pi + \frac{\pi}{6}$. Таким образом, точка $M_{2\frac{1}{6}\pi}$ совпадает с точкой $M_{\frac{\pi}{6}}$. Угол $\frac{\pi}{6}$ радиан равен $30^\circ$.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Точка $M_{2\frac{1}{6}\pi}$ совпадает с точкой $M_{\frac{\pi}{6}}$ и расположена в первой четверти.</p><p><strong>$M_{\pi}$</strong></p><p>Точка соответствует углу $\pi$ радиан, или $180^\circ$. Это половина окружности против часовой стрелки от начальной точки. Эта точка находится на отрицательной части оси OX.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Точка $M_{\pi}$ расположена в левой части окружности, на пересечении с осью OX, ее координаты (-1, 0) на единичной окружности.</p><p><strong>$M_{\frac{\pi}{6}}$</strong></p><p>Точка соответствует углу $\frac{\pi}{6}$ радиан, или $30^\circ$. Движение от начальной точки происходит против часовой стрелки. Точка находится в первой четверти.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Точка $M_{\frac{\pi}{6}}$ расположена в первой четверти.</p><p><strong>$M_{\frac{\pi}{3}}$</strong></p><p>Точка соответствует углу $\frac{\pi}{3}$ радиан, или $60^\circ$. Движение от начальной точки происходит против часовой стрелки. Точка находится в первой четверти.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Точка $M_{\frac{\pi}{3}}$ расположена в первой четверти.</p><p><strong>$M_{\frac{2\pi}{3}}$</strong></p><p>Эта точка идентична второй точке в списке. Угол $\frac{2\pi}{3}$ радиан ($120^\circ$) соответствует точке во второй четверти.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Точка $M_{\frac{2\pi}{3}}$ расположена во второй четверти.</p><p><strong>$M_{-\frac{2\pi}{3}}$</strong></p><p>Отрицательный угол означает движение по часовой стрелке от начальной точки. Угол $-\frac{2\pi}{3}$ радиан равен $-120^\circ$. Эта точка находится в третьей четверти. Ей соответствует положительный угол $-\frac{2\pi}{3} + 2\pi = \frac{4\pi}{3}$ радиан ($240^\circ$).</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Точка $M_{-\frac{2\pi}{3}}$ расположена в третьей четверти.</p><p><strong>$M_{-2\frac{1}{3}\pi}$</strong></p><p>Преобразуем значение угла: $-2\frac{1}{3}\pi = -\frac{7\pi}{3}$. Найдем основное значение угла, прибавив полный оборот $2\pi$: $-\frac{7\pi}{3} = -2\pi - \frac{\pi}{3}$. Это означает, что точка совершает один полный оборот по часовой стрелке и останавливается в положении, соответствующем углу $-\frac{\pi}{3}$. Угол $-\frac{\pi}{3}$ радиан ($-60^\circ$) находится в четвертой четверти.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Точка $M_{-2\frac{1}{3}\pi}$ совпадает с точкой $M_{-\frac{\pi}{3}}$ и расположена в четвертой четверти.</p><p><strong>$M_{-21\frac{1}{2}\pi}$</strong></p><p>Преобразуем значение угла: $-21\frac{1}{2}\pi = -\frac{43\pi}{2}$. Найдем основное значение угла. Так как $2\pi = \frac{4\pi}{2}$, мы можем добавить кратное $2\pi$ для упрощения: $-\frac{43\pi}{2} = -\frac{44\pi - \pi}{2} = -22\pi + \frac{\pi}{2}$. Это соответствует 11 полным оборотам по часовой стрелке плюс угол $\frac{\pi}{2}$.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Точка $M_{-21\frac{1}{2}\pi}$ совпадает с точкой $M_{\frac{\pi}{2}}$ и расположена на положительной части оси OY.</p><p>Таким образом, некоторые из указанных точек совпадают. Всего на окружности нужно отметить 7 уникальных положений: <br>$M_{\frac{\pi}{6}}$ (совпадает с $M_{2\frac{1}{6}\pi}$), <br>$M_{\frac{\pi}{3}}$ (совпадает с $M_{2\frac{1}{3}\pi}$), <br>$M_{\frac{\pi}{2}}$ (совпадает с $M_{-21\frac{1}{2}\pi}$), <br>$M_{\frac{2\pi}{3}}$ (указана дважды), <br>$M_{\pi}$, <br>$M_{-\frac{2\pi}{3}}$, <br>$M_{-\frac{\pi}{3}}$ (совпадает с $M_{-2\frac{1}{3}\pi}$). <br>Ниже представлено изображение единичной окружности с отмеченными на ней уникальными точками.</p><svg width="320" height="320" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <!-- Axes --> <line x1="10" y1="160" x2="310" y2="160" stroke="#aaa" stroke-width="1"></line> <line x1="160" y1="10" x2="160" y2="310" stroke="#aaa" stroke-width="1"></line> <!-- Axis labels --> <text x="312" y="155" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="14">x</text> <text x="165" y="15" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="14">y</text> <!-- Circle --> <circle cx="160" cy="160" r="120" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" fill="none"></circle> <!-- Points and Labels --> <!-- M_pi/6 --> <circle cx="263.9" cy="100" r="3.5" fill="blue"></circle> <text x="270" y="95" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="12">M<tspan dy="4" font-size="9">π/6</tspan></text> <!-- M_pi/3 --> <circle cx="220" cy="56.1" r="3.5" fill="blue"></circle> <text x="225" y="46" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="12">M<tspan dy="4" font-size="9">π/3</tspan></text> <!-- M_pi/2 --> <circle cx="160" cy="40" r="3.5" fill="blue"></circle> <text x="160" y="30" text-anchor="middle" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="12">M<tspan dy="4" font-size="9">π/2</tspan></text> <!-- M_2pi/3 --> <circle cx="100" cy="56.1" r="3.5" fill="blue"></circle> <text x="95" y="46" text-anchor="end" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="12">M<tspan dy="4" font-size="9">2π/3</tspan></text> <!-- M_pi --> <circle cx="40" cy="160" r="3.5" fill="blue"></circle> <text x="35" y="164" text-anchor="end" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="12">M<tspan dy="4" font-size="9">π</tspan></text> <!-- M_-2pi/3 --> <circle cx="100" cy="263.9" r="3.5" fill="blue"></circle> <text x="95" y="278" text-anchor="end" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="12">M<tspan dy="4" font-size="9">-2π/3</tspan></text> <!-- M_-pi/3 --> <circle cx="220" cy="263.9" r="3.5" fill="blue"></circle> <text x="225" y="278" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="12">M<tspan dy="4" font-size="9">-π/3</tspan></text></svg>"
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            "text" => "<p>Для того чтобы отметить заданные точки на окружности, необходимо определить их положение, то есть угол, который они образуют с положительным направлением оси Ox. Положительные углы откладываются против часовой стрелки, а отрицательные – по часовой стрелке. Полный оборот по окружности составляет $2\pi$ радиан или $360^\circ$. Если угол по абсолютной величине больше $2\pi$, мы можем прибавлять или вычитать $2\pi$ до тех пор, пока не получим угол в пределах одного оборота (например, от $0$ до $2\pi$), так как точки на окружности будут совпадать.</p><p><strong>$M_{\frac{\pi}{2}}$</strong></p><p>Точка соответствует углу $\frac{\pi}{2}$ радиан, что равно $90^\circ$. Для ее нахождения нужно от начальной точки (соответствующей углу 0) пройти четверть окружности против часовой стрелки. Эта точка находится на положительной части оси OY.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Точка $M_{\frac{\pi}{2}}$ расположена в верхней части окружности, на пересечении с осью OY, ее координаты (0, 1) на единичной окружности.</p><p><strong>$M_{\frac{2\pi}{3}}$</strong></p><p>Точка соответствует углу $\frac{2\pi}{3}$ радиан, что равно $120^\circ$. Этот угол больше, чем $\frac{\pi}{2}$ ($90^\circ$), но меньше, чем $\pi$ ($180^\circ$), поэтому точка располагается во второй координатной четверти.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Точка $M_{\frac{2\pi}{3}}$ расположена во второй четверти.</p><p><strong>$M_{2\frac{1}{3}\pi}$</strong></p><p>Сначала преобразуем смешанную дробь в неправильную: $2\frac{1}{3}\pi = \frac{7\pi}{3}$. Чтобы найти положение точки на единичной окружности, вычтем полный оборот $2\pi$: $\frac{7\pi}{3} = \frac{6\pi + \pi}{3} = 2\pi + \frac{\pi}{3}$. Это означает, что точка $M_{2\frac{1}{3}\pi}$ совпадает с точкой $M_{\frac{\pi}{3}}$. Угол $\frac{\pi}{3}$ радиан равен $60^\circ$.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Точка $M_{2\frac{1}{3}\pi}$ совпадает с точкой $M_{\frac{\pi}{3}}$ и расположена в первой четверти.</p><p><strong>$M_{2\frac{1}{6}\pi}$</strong></p><p>Преобразуем значение угла: $2\frac{1}{6}\pi = \frac{13\pi}{6}$. Найдем основное значение угла, вычитая полный оборот: $\frac{13\pi}{6} = \frac{12\pi + \pi}{6} = 2\pi + \frac{\pi}{6}$. Таким образом, точка $M_{2\frac{1}{6}\pi}$ совпадает с точкой $M_{\frac{\pi}{6}}$. Угол $\frac{\pi}{6}$ радиан равен $30^\circ$.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Точка $M_{2\frac{1}{6}\pi}$ совпадает с точкой $M_{\frac{\pi}{6}}$ и расположена в первой четверти.</p><p><strong>$M_{\pi}$</strong></p><p>Точка соответствует углу $\pi$ радиан, или $180^\circ$. Это половина окружности против часовой стрелки от начальной точки. Эта точка находится на отрицательной части оси OX.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Точка $M_{\pi}$ расположена в левой части окружности, на пересечении с осью OX, ее координаты (-1, 0) на единичной окружности.</p><p><strong>$M_{\frac{\pi}{6}}$</strong></p><p>Точка соответствует углу $\frac{\pi}{6}$ радиан, или $30^\circ$. Движение от начальной точки происходит против часовой стрелки. Точка находится в первой четверти.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Точка $M_{\frac{\pi}{6}}$ расположена в первой четверти.</p><p><strong>$M_{\frac{\pi}{3}}$</strong></p><p>Точка соответствует углу $\frac{\pi}{3}$ радиан, или $60^\circ$. Движение от начальной точки происходит против часовой стрелки. Точка находится в первой четверти.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Точка $M_{\frac{\pi}{3}}$ расположена в первой четверти.</p><p><strong>$M_{\frac{2\pi}{3}}$</strong></p><p>Эта точка идентична второй точке в списке. Угол $\frac{2\pi}{3}$ радиан ($120^\circ$) соответствует точке во второй четверти.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Точка $M_{\frac{2\pi}{3}}$ расположена во второй четверти.</p><p><strong>$M_{-\frac{2\pi}{3}}$</strong></p><p>Отрицательный угол означает движение по часовой стрелке от начальной точки. Угол $-\frac{2\pi}{3}$ радиан равен $-120^\circ$. Эта точка находится в третьей четверти. Ей соответствует положительный угол $-\frac{2\pi}{3} + 2\pi = \frac{4\pi}{3}$ радиан ($240^\circ$).</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Точка $M_{-\frac{2\pi}{3}}$ расположена в третьей четверти.</p><p><strong>$M_{-2\frac{1}{3}\pi}$</strong></p><p>Преобразуем значение угла: $-2\frac{1}{3}\pi = -\frac{7\pi}{3}$. Найдем основное значение угла, прибавив полный оборот $2\pi$: $-\frac{7\pi}{3} = -2\pi - \frac{\pi}{3}$. Это означает, что точка совершает один полный оборот по часовой стрелке и останавливается в положении, соответствующем углу $-\frac{\pi}{3}$. Угол $-\frac{\pi}{3}$ радиан ($-60^\circ$) находится в четвертой четверти.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Точка $M_{-2\frac{1}{3}\pi}$ совпадает с точкой $M_{-\frac{\pi}{3}}$ и расположена в четвертой четверти.</p><p><strong>$M_{-21\frac{1}{2}\pi}$</strong></p><p>Преобразуем значение угла: $-21\frac{1}{2}\pi = -\frac{43\pi}{2}$. Найдем основное значение угла. Так как $2\pi = \frac{4\pi}{2}$, мы можем добавить кратное $2\pi$ для упрощения: $-\frac{43\pi}{2} = -\frac{44\pi - \pi}{2} = -22\pi + \frac{\pi}{2}$. Это соответствует 11 полным оборотам по часовой стрелке плюс угол $\frac{\pi}{2}$.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Точка $M_{-21\frac{1}{2}\pi}$ совпадает с точкой $M_{\frac{\pi}{2}}$ и расположена на положительной части оси OY.</p><p>Таким образом, некоторые из указанных точек совпадают. Всего на окружности нужно отметить 7 уникальных положений: <br>$M_{\frac{\pi}{6}}$ (совпадает с $M_{2\frac{1}{6}\pi}$), <br>$M_{\frac{\pi}{3}}$ (совпадает с $M_{2\frac{1}{3}\pi}$), <br>$M_{\frac{\pi}{2}}$ (совпадает с $M_{-21\frac{1}{2}\pi}$), <br>$M_{\frac{2\pi}{3}}$ (указана дважды), <br>$M_{\pi}$, <br>$M_{-\frac{2\pi}{3}}$, <br>$M_{-\frac{\pi}{3}}$ (совпадает с $M_{-2\frac{1}{3}\pi}$). <br>Ниже представлено изображение единичной окружности с отмеченными на ней уникальными точками.</p><svg width="320" height="320" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <!-- Axes --> <line x1="10" y1="160" x2="310" y2="160" stroke="#aaa" stroke-width="1"></line> <line x1="160" y1="10" x2="160" y2="310" stroke="#aaa" stroke-width="1"></line> <!-- Axis labels --> <text x="312" y="155" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="14">x</text> <text x="165" y="15" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="14">y</text> <!-- Circle --> <circle cx="160" cy="160" r="120" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" fill="none"></circle> <!-- Points and Labels --> <!-- M_pi/6 --> <circle cx="263.9" cy="100" r="3.5" fill="blue"></circle> <text x="270" y="95" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="12">M<tspan dy="4" font-size="9">π/6</tspan></text> <!-- M_pi/3 --> <circle cx="220" cy="56.1" r="3.5" fill="blue"></circle> <text x="225" y="46" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="12">M<tspan dy="4" font-size="9">π/3</tspan></text> <!-- M_pi/2 --> <circle cx="160" cy="40" r="3.5" fill="blue"></circle> <text x="160" y="30" text-anchor="middle" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="12">M<tspan dy="4" font-size="9">π/2</tspan></text> <!-- M_2pi/3 --> <circle cx="100" cy="56.1" r="3.5" fill="blue"></circle> <text x="95" y="46" text-anchor="end" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="12">M<tspan dy="4" font-size="9">2π/3</tspan></text> <!-- M_pi --> <circle cx="40" cy="160" r="3.5" fill="blue"></circle> <text x="35" y="164" text-anchor="end" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="12">M<tspan dy="4" font-size="9">π</tspan></text> <!-- M_-2pi/3 --> <circle cx="100" cy="263.9" r="3.5" fill="blue"></circle> <text x="95" y="278" text-anchor="end" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="12">M<tspan dy="4" font-size="9">-2π/3</tspan></text> <!-- M_-pi/3 --> <circle cx="220" cy="263.9" r="3.5" fill="blue"></circle> <text x="225" y="278" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="12">M<tspan dy="4" font-size="9">-π/3</tspan></text></svg>"
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№1 (с. 76)
Условие. №1 (с. 76)
скриншот условия
Алгебра, 10 класс Учебник, авторы: Пак Олег Владимирович, Ардакулы Дархан, Ескендирова Елена Викторовна, издательство Алматыкітап баспасы, Алматы, 2019, Часть 1, страница 76, номер 1, Условие

Упражнение 1

Отметьте на окружности точки

$M_{\frac{\pi}{2}}, M_{\frac{2\pi}{3}}, M_{2-\frac{\pi}{3}}, M_{2-\frac{\pi}{6}}, M_{\frac{\pi}{6}}, M_{\frac{\pi}{3}}, M_{\frac{2\pi}{3}}, M_{-\frac{2\pi}{3}}, M_{-2\frac{1}{3}\pi}, M_{-21\frac{1}{2}\pi}$.

(Отмечать можно и нужно, полагаясь на свой глазомер, например, путь длины $\frac{\pi}{3}$ в 3 раза меньше пути длины $\pi$).

Решение 2 (rus). №1 (с. 76)

Для того чтобы отметить заданные точки на окружности, необходимо определить их положение, то есть угол, который они образуют с положительным направлением оси Ox. Положительные углы откладываются против часовой стрелки, а отрицательные – по часовой стрелке. Полный оборот по окружности составляет $2\pi$ радиан или $360^\circ$. Если угол по абсолютной величине больше $2\pi$, мы можем прибавлять или вычитать $2\pi$ до тех пор, пока не получим угол в пределах одного оборота (например, от $0$ до $2\pi$), так как точки на окружности будут совпадать.

$M_{\frac{\pi}{2}}$

Точка соответствует углу $\frac{\pi}{2}$ радиан, что равно $90^\circ$. Для ее нахождения нужно от начальной точки (соответствующей углу 0) пройти четверть окружности против часовой стрелки. Эта точка находится на положительной части оси OY.

Ответ: Точка $M_{\frac{\pi}{2}}$ расположена в верхней части окружности, на пересечении с осью OY, ее координаты (0, 1) на единичной окружности.

$M_{\frac{2\pi}{3}}$

Точка соответствует углу $\frac{2\pi}{3}$ радиан, что равно $120^\circ$. Этот угол больше, чем $\frac{\pi}{2}$ ($90^\circ$), но меньше, чем $\pi$ ($180^\circ$), поэтому точка располагается во второй координатной четверти.

Ответ: Точка $M_{\frac{2\pi}{3}}$ расположена во второй четверти.

$M_{2\frac{1}{3}\pi}$

Сначала преобразуем смешанную дробь в неправильную: $2\frac{1}{3}\pi = \frac{7\pi}{3}$. Чтобы найти положение точки на единичной окружности, вычтем полный оборот $2\pi$: $\frac{7\pi}{3} = \frac{6\pi + \pi}{3} = 2\pi + \frac{\pi}{3}$. Это означает, что точка $M_{2\frac{1}{3}\pi}$ совпадает с точкой $M_{\frac{\pi}{3}}$. Угол $\frac{\pi}{3}$ радиан равен $60^\circ$.

Ответ: Точка $M_{2\frac{1}{3}\pi}$ совпадает с точкой $M_{\frac{\pi}{3}}$ и расположена в первой четверти.

$M_{2\frac{1}{6}\pi}$

Преобразуем значение угла: $2\frac{1}{6}\pi = \frac{13\pi}{6}$. Найдем основное значение угла, вычитая полный оборот: $\frac{13\pi}{6} = \frac{12\pi + \pi}{6} = 2\pi + \frac{\pi}{6}$. Таким образом, точка $M_{2\frac{1}{6}\pi}$ совпадает с точкой $M_{\frac{\pi}{6}}$. Угол $\frac{\pi}{6}$ радиан равен $30^\circ$.

Ответ: Точка $M_{2\frac{1}{6}\pi}$ совпадает с точкой $M_{\frac{\pi}{6}}$ и расположена в первой четверти.

$M_{\pi}$

Точка соответствует углу $\pi$ радиан, или $180^\circ$. Это половина окружности против часовой стрелки от начальной точки. Эта точка находится на отрицательной части оси OX.

Ответ: Точка $M_{\pi}$ расположена в левой части окружности, на пересечении с осью OX, ее координаты (-1, 0) на единичной окружности.

$M_{\frac{\pi}{6}}$

Точка соответствует углу $\frac{\pi}{6}$ радиан, или $30^\circ$. Движение от начальной точки происходит против часовой стрелки. Точка находится в первой четверти.

Ответ: Точка $M_{\frac{\pi}{6}}$ расположена в первой четверти.

$M_{\frac{\pi}{3}}$

Точка соответствует углу $\frac{\pi}{3}$ радиан, или $60^\circ$. Движение от начальной точки происходит против часовой стрелки. Точка находится в первой четверти.

Ответ: Точка $M_{\frac{\pi}{3}}$ расположена в первой четверти.

$M_{\frac{2\pi}{3}}$

Эта точка идентична второй точке в списке. Угол $\frac{2\pi}{3}$ радиан ($120^\circ$) соответствует точке во второй четверти.

Ответ: Точка $M_{\frac{2\pi}{3}}$ расположена во второй четверти.

$M_{-\frac{2\pi}{3}}$

Отрицательный угол означает движение по часовой стрелке от начальной точки. Угол $-\frac{2\pi}{3}$ радиан равен $-120^\circ$. Эта точка находится в третьей четверти. Ей соответствует положительный угол $-\frac{2\pi}{3} + 2\pi = \frac{4\pi}{3}$ радиан ($240^\circ$).

Ответ: Точка $M_{-\frac{2\pi}{3}}$ расположена в третьей четверти.

$M_{-2\frac{1}{3}\pi}$

Преобразуем значение угла: $-2\frac{1}{3}\pi = -\frac{7\pi}{3}$. Найдем основное значение угла, прибавив полный оборот $2\pi$: $-\frac{7\pi}{3} = -2\pi - \frac{\pi}{3}$. Это означает, что точка совершает один полный оборот по часовой стрелке и останавливается в положении, соответствующем углу $-\frac{\pi}{3}$. Угол $-\frac{\pi}{3}$ радиан ($-60^\circ$) находится в четвертой четверти.

Ответ: Точка $M_{-2\frac{1}{3}\pi}$ совпадает с точкой $M_{-\frac{\pi}{3}}$ и расположена в четвертой четверти.

$M_{-21\frac{1}{2}\pi}$

Преобразуем значение угла: $-21\frac{1}{2}\pi = -\frac{43\pi}{2}$. Найдем основное значение угла. Так как $2\pi = \frac{4\pi}{2}$, мы можем добавить кратное $2\pi$ для упрощения: $-\frac{43\pi}{2} = -\frac{44\pi - \pi}{2} = -22\pi + \frac{\pi}{2}$. Это соответствует 11 полным оборотам по часовой стрелке плюс угол $\frac{\pi}{2}$.

Ответ: Точка $M_{-21\frac{1}{2}\pi}$ совпадает с точкой $M_{\frac{\pi}{2}}$ и расположена на положительной части оси OY.

Таким образом, некоторые из указанных точек совпадают. Всего на окружности нужно отметить 7 уникальных положений:
$M_{\frac{\pi}{6}}$ (совпадает с $M_{2\frac{1}{6}\pi}$),
$M_{\frac{\pi}{3}}$ (совпадает с $M_{2\frac{1}{3}\pi}$),
$M_{\frac{\pi}{2}}$ (совпадает с $M_{-21\frac{1}{2}\pi}$),
$M_{\frac{2\pi}{3}}$ (указана дважды),
$M_{\pi}$,
$M_{-\frac{2\pi}{3}}$,
$M_{-\frac{\pi}{3}}$ (совпадает с $M_{-2\frac{1}{3}\pi}$).
Ниже представлено изображение единичной окружности с отмеченными на ней уникальными точками.

x y Mπ/6 Mπ/3 Mπ/2 M2π/3 Mπ M-2π/3 M-π/3

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