Номер 42, страница 73, часть 2 - гдз по алгебре 10 класс учебник Пак, Ардакулы

Авторы: Пак О. В., Ардакулы Д., Ескендирова Е. В.

Тип: Учебник

Издательство: Алматыкітап баспасы

Год издания: 2019 - 2026

Часть: 2

ISBN: 978-601-01-3958-9

Рекомендовано Министерством образования и науки Республики Казахстан

Часть 2. Глава 5. Производная. Параграф 3. Физический и геометрический смысл производной. 3.2. Касательная к графику функции. Задачи - номер 42, страница 73.

App\Models\Task {#1024 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php
  #connection: "mysql"
  #table: "tasks"
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    "field_url" => "/10-klass/algebra/baspasy-pak-uchebnik/5-3-2zad-42"
    "field_display_title" => "42"
    "field_outside_task" => null
    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#331
      #items: array:1 [
        0 => App\Models\Term {#1029
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "terms"
          #primaryKey: "id"
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          #attributes: array:6 [
            "id" => 26
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "name" => "номер"
            "field_cases" => array:6 [
              "field_accusative_case" => "номер"
              "field_creative_case" => "номером"
              "field_dative_case" => "номеру"
              "field_genitive_case" => "номера"
              "field_nominative_case" => "номер"
              "field_prepositional_case" => "номере"
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                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1039
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                            "updated_at" => null
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                            "field_translit" => "almatykitap baspasy"
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                          #original: array:6 [
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                      #items: array:3 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1041
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                        1 => App\Models\Term {#1042
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                        2 => App\Models\Term {#1043
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                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1077
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        }
        3 => App\Models\Branch {#1081
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                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1085
                  #connection: "mysql"
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        }
        4 => App\Models\Branch {#1089
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              ]
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            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1092
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                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1093
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "branches"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
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                    "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1094 …2}
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    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1097
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                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1100
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                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                    "title" => "Условие"
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                    "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0"
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            "task" => array:2 [
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            "img" => array:1 [
              0 => array:5 [
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                "width" => "1703"
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                "path" => "/media/algebra_10/baspasy-u19/0-5-3-2zad/42-1.webp?ts=1753534877"
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            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1099}
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              "refs" => "1120300"
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          ]
        }
        1 => App\Models\Element {#1106
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "elements"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
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            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1107
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                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1108
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "editions"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
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                  #withCount: []
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                  #attributes: array:21 [
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                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109 …2}
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                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109 …2}
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            "text" => "<p><strong>42. (2)</strong></p><p>Уравнение касательной к графику функции $y = f(x)$ в точке с абсциссой $x_0$ имеет вид $y = f(x_0) + f'(x_0)(x - x_0)$. Угловой коэффициент касательной $k$ равен значению производной в точке касания $f'(x_0)$, а также тангенсу угла наклона $\alpha$ касательной к положительному направлению оси Ox: $k = f'(x_0) = \tan(\alpha)$.</p><p>Для функции $f(x) = \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}x^3 - 3\sqrt{3}x$ и угла $\alpha = 60^\circ$ найдем искомые уравнения.</p><p>1. Найдем угловой коэффициент $k$:<br>$k = \tan(60^\circ) = \sqrt{3}$.</p><p>2. Найдем производную функции $f(x)$:<br>$f'(x) = \left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}x^3 - 3\sqrt{3}x\right)' = \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}} \cdot (3x^2) - 3\sqrt{3} = \sqrt{3}x^2 - 3\sqrt{3}$.</p><p>3. Найдем абсциссы точек касания $x_0$, приравняв производную к угловому коэффициенту:<br>$f'(x_0) = k$<br>$\sqrt{3}x_0^2 - 3\sqrt{3} = \sqrt{3}$<br>$\sqrt{3}x_0^2 = 4\sqrt{3}$<br>$x_0^2 = 4$<br>Отсюда получаем две абсциссы: $x_{0,1} = 2$ и $x_{0,2} = -2$. Значит, существует две касательные, удовлетворяющие заданному условию.</p><p>4. Найдем уравнения для каждой касательной.</p><p><b>Для $x_0 = 2$:</b><br>Найдем ординату точки касания:<br>$y_0 = f(2) = \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}(2)^3 - 3\sqrt{3}(2) = \frac{8}{\sqrt{3}} - 6\sqrt{3} = \frac{8\sqrt{3}}{3} - \frac{18\sqrt{3}}{3} = -\frac{10\sqrt{3}}{3}$.<br>Уравнение касательной:<br>$y - (-\frac{10\sqrt{3}}{3}) = \sqrt{3}(x - 2)$<br>$y + \frac{10\sqrt{3}}{3} = \sqrt{3}x - 2\sqrt{3}$<br>$y = \sqrt{3}x - 2\sqrt{3} - \frac{10\sqrt{3}}{3} = \sqrt{3}x - \frac{6\sqrt{3} + 10\sqrt{3}}{3} = \sqrt{3}x - \frac{16\sqrt{3}}{3}$.</p><p><b>Для $x_0 = -2$:</b><br>Найдем ординату точки касания:<br>$y_0 = f(-2) = \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}(-2)^3 - 3\sqrt{3}(-2) = -\frac{8}{\sqrt{3}} + 6\sqrt{3} = -\frac{8\sqrt{3}}{3} + \frac{18\sqrt{3}}{3} = \frac{10\sqrt{3}}{3}$.<br>Уравнение касательной:<br>$y - \frac{10\sqrt{3}}{3} = \sqrt{3}(x - (-2))$<br>$y - \frac{10\sqrt{3}}{3} = \sqrt{3}(x + 2)$<br>$y = \sqrt{3}x + 2\sqrt{3} + \frac{10\sqrt{3}}{3} = \sqrt{3}x + \frac{6\sqrt{3} + 10\sqrt{3}}{3} = \sqrt{3}x + \frac{16\sqrt{3}}{3}$.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> $y = \sqrt{3}x - \frac{16\sqrt{3}}{3}$ и $y = \sqrt{3}x + \frac{16\sqrt{3}}{3}$.</p>"
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            "text" => "<p><strong>42. (2)</strong></p><p>Уравнение касательной к графику функции $y = f(x)$ в точке с абсциссой $x_0$ имеет вид $y = f(x_0) + f'(x_0)(x - x_0)$. Угловой коэффициент касательной $k$ равен значению производной в точке касания $f'(x_0)$, а также тангенсу угла наклона $\alpha$ касательной к положительному направлению оси Ox: $k = f'(x_0) = \tan(\alpha)$.</p><p>Для функции $f(x) = \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}x^3 - 3\sqrt{3}x$ и угла $\alpha = 60^\circ$ найдем искомые уравнения.</p><p>1. Найдем угловой коэффициент $k$:<br>$k = \tan(60^\circ) = \sqrt{3}$.</p><p>2. Найдем производную функции $f(x)$:<br>$f'(x) = \left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}x^3 - 3\sqrt{3}x\right)' = \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}} \cdot (3x^2) - 3\sqrt{3} = \sqrt{3}x^2 - 3\sqrt{3}$.</p><p>3. Найдем абсциссы точек касания $x_0$, приравняв производную к угловому коэффициенту:<br>$f'(x_0) = k$<br>$\sqrt{3}x_0^2 - 3\sqrt{3} = \sqrt{3}$<br>$\sqrt{3}x_0^2 = 4\sqrt{3}$<br>$x_0^2 = 4$<br>Отсюда получаем две абсциссы: $x_{0,1} = 2$ и $x_{0,2} = -2$. Значит, существует две касательные, удовлетворяющие заданному условию.</p><p>4. Найдем уравнения для каждой касательной.</p><p><b>Для $x_0 = 2$:</b><br>Найдем ординату точки касания:<br>$y_0 = f(2) = \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}(2)^3 - 3\sqrt{3}(2) = \frac{8}{\sqrt{3}} - 6\sqrt{3} = \frac{8\sqrt{3}}{3} - \frac{18\sqrt{3}}{3} = -\frac{10\sqrt{3}}{3}$.<br>Уравнение касательной:<br>$y - (-\frac{10\sqrt{3}}{3}) = \sqrt{3}(x - 2)$<br>$y + \frac{10\sqrt{3}}{3} = \sqrt{3}x - 2\sqrt{3}$<br>$y = \sqrt{3}x - 2\sqrt{3} - \frac{10\sqrt{3}}{3} = \sqrt{3}x - \frac{6\sqrt{3} + 10\sqrt{3}}{3} = \sqrt{3}x - \frac{16\sqrt{3}}{3}$.</p><p><b>Для $x_0 = -2$:</b><br>Найдем ординату точки касания:<br>$y_0 = f(-2) = \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}(-2)^3 - 3\sqrt{3}(-2) = -\frac{8}{\sqrt{3}} + 6\sqrt{3} = -\frac{8\sqrt{3}}{3} + \frac{18\sqrt{3}}{3} = \frac{10\sqrt{3}}{3}$.<br>Уравнение касательной:<br>$y - \frac{10\sqrt{3}}{3} = \sqrt{3}(x - (-2))$<br>$y - \frac{10\sqrt{3}}{3} = \sqrt{3}(x + 2)$<br>$y = \sqrt{3}x + 2\sqrt{3} + \frac{10\sqrt{3}}{3} = \sqrt{3}x + \frac{6\sqrt{3} + 10\sqrt{3}}{3} = \sqrt{3}x + \frac{16\sqrt{3}}{3}$.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> $y = \sqrt{3}x - \frac{16\sqrt{3}}{3}$ и $y = \sqrt{3}x + \frac{16\sqrt{3}}{3}$.</p>"
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                    "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1123 …2}
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                    "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1123 …2}
                    "field_page_start" => "5"
                    "field_branch_display" => "0"
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                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1125 …2}
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            "field_weight" => "0"
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              #items: array:1 [
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                  #connection: "mysql"
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                    "id" => 4295
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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            "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1166
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                }
                1 => App\Models\Task {#1219
                  #connection: "mysql"
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                  #attributes: array:24 [ …24]
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                2 => App\Models\Task {#1230
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                  #table: "tasks"
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                3 => App\Models\Task {#1241
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                  #table: "tasks"
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                4 => App\Models\Task {#1252
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
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                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
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                  #attributes: array:24 [ …24]
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                5 => App\Models\Task {#1263
                  #connection: "mysql"
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                6 => App\Models\Task {#1274
                  #connection: "mysql"
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                  #attributes: array:24 [ …24]
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                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
                7 => App\Models\Task {#1285
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
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                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
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                  +exists: true
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                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [ …24]
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                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
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                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
                8 => App\Models\Task {#1296
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [ …24]
                  #original: array:24 [ …24]
                  #changes: []
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№42 (с. 73)
Условие. №42 (с. 73)
скриншот условия
Алгебра, 10 класс Учебник, авторы: Пак Олег Владимирович, Ардакулы Дархан, Ескендирова Елена Викторовна, издательство Алматыкітап баспасы, Алматы, 2019, Часть 2, страница 73, номер 42, Условие

Составьте уравнение той касательной к графику функции $y = f(x)$, которая образует с осью заданный угол $\alpha$, (42-43):

42. (2) $f(x) = \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}x^3 - 3\sqrt{3}x$, $\alpha = 60^{\circ}$;

Решение 2 (rus). №42 (с. 73)

42. (2)

Уравнение касательной к графику функции $y = f(x)$ в точке с абсциссой $x_0$ имеет вид $y = f(x_0) + f'(x_0)(x - x_0)$. Угловой коэффициент касательной $k$ равен значению производной в точке касания $f'(x_0)$, а также тангенсу угла наклона $\alpha$ касательной к положительному направлению оси Ox: $k = f'(x_0) = \tan(\alpha)$.

Для функции $f(x) = \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}x^3 - 3\sqrt{3}x$ и угла $\alpha = 60^\circ$ найдем искомые уравнения.

1. Найдем угловой коэффициент $k$:
$k = \tan(60^\circ) = \sqrt{3}$.

2. Найдем производную функции $f(x)$:
$f'(x) = \left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}x^3 - 3\sqrt{3}x\right)' = \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}} \cdot (3x^2) - 3\sqrt{3} = \sqrt{3}x^2 - 3\sqrt{3}$.

3. Найдем абсциссы точек касания $x_0$, приравняв производную к угловому коэффициенту:
$f'(x_0) = k$
$\sqrt{3}x_0^2 - 3\sqrt{3} = \sqrt{3}$
$\sqrt{3}x_0^2 = 4\sqrt{3}$
$x_0^2 = 4$
Отсюда получаем две абсциссы: $x_{0,1} = 2$ и $x_{0,2} = -2$. Значит, существует две касательные, удовлетворяющие заданному условию.

4. Найдем уравнения для каждой касательной.

Для $x_0 = 2$:
Найдем ординату точки касания:
$y_0 = f(2) = \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}(2)^3 - 3\sqrt{3}(2) = \frac{8}{\sqrt{3}} - 6\sqrt{3} = \frac{8\sqrt{3}}{3} - \frac{18\sqrt{3}}{3} = -\frac{10\sqrt{3}}{3}$.
Уравнение касательной:
$y - (-\frac{10\sqrt{3}}{3}) = \sqrt{3}(x - 2)$
$y + \frac{10\sqrt{3}}{3} = \sqrt{3}x - 2\sqrt{3}$
$y = \sqrt{3}x - 2\sqrt{3} - \frac{10\sqrt{3}}{3} = \sqrt{3}x - \frac{6\sqrt{3} + 10\sqrt{3}}{3} = \sqrt{3}x - \frac{16\sqrt{3}}{3}$.

Для $x_0 = -2$:
Найдем ординату точки касания:
$y_0 = f(-2) = \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}(-2)^3 - 3\sqrt{3}(-2) = -\frac{8}{\sqrt{3}} + 6\sqrt{3} = -\frac{8\sqrt{3}}{3} + \frac{18\sqrt{3}}{3} = \frac{10\sqrt{3}}{3}$.
Уравнение касательной:
$y - \frac{10\sqrt{3}}{3} = \sqrt{3}(x - (-2))$
$y - \frac{10\sqrt{3}}{3} = \sqrt{3}(x + 2)$
$y = \sqrt{3}x + 2\sqrt{3} + \frac{10\sqrt{3}}{3} = \sqrt{3}x + \frac{6\sqrt{3} + 10\sqrt{3}}{3} = \sqrt{3}x + \frac{16\sqrt{3}}{3}$.

Ответ: $y = \sqrt{3}x - \frac{16\sqrt{3}}{3}$ и $y = \sqrt{3}x + \frac{16\sqrt{3}}{3}$.

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