Номер 19, страница 128, часть 2 - гдз по алгебре 10 класс учебник Пак, Ардакулы

Авторы: Пак О. В., Ардакулы Д., Ескендирова Е. В.

Тип: Учебник

Издательство: Алматыкітап баспасы

Год издания: 2019 - 2026

Часть: 2

ISBN: 978-601-01-3958-9

Рекомендовано Министерством образования и науки Республики Казахстан

Часть 2. Глава 6. Применение производной. Параграф 5. Исследование функций и построение графиков. 5.2. Исследование функций и построение графиков - номер 19, страница 128.

App\Models\Task {#1024 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php
  #connection: "mysql"
  #table: "tasks"
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    "field_url" => "/10-klass/algebra/baspasy-pak-uchebnik/6-5-2zad-19"
    "field_display_title" => "19"
    "field_outside_task" => null
    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#331
      #items: array:1 [
        0 => App\Models\Term {#1029
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "terms"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
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          #attributes: array:6 [
            "id" => 26
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "name" => "номер"
            "field_cases" => array:6 [
              "field_accusative_case" => "номер"
              "field_creative_case" => "номером"
              "field_dative_case" => "номеру"
              "field_genitive_case" => "номера"
              "field_nominative_case" => "номер"
              "field_prepositional_case" => "номере"
            ]
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          ]
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              "field_accusative_case" => "номер"
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              "field_prepositional_case" => "номере"
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                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => "1"
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                0 => App\Models\Book {#1032
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                    "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1036
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                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1037
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                          #primaryKey: "id"
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                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                            "field_translit" => "desjatyj"
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                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1039
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                            "updated_at" => null
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                            "field_translit" => "almatykitap baspasy"
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                          #original: array:6 [
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                            "updated_at" => null
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                      #items: array:3 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1041
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                          #table: "terms"
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                        1 => App\Models\Term {#1042
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
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                            "field_name" => "Дархан"
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                        2 => App\Models\Term {#1043
                          #connection: "mysql"
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                            "updated_at" => null
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                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1050
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            "text" => "<p><strong>19.</strong> (4)</p><p>Костя из 10Б класса и 8 его друзей из той же школы пошли в поход. Среди любых 4-х туристов обязательно есть одноклассники, а среди любых 5 – не больше, чем 3 одноклассника. Сколько учеников 10Б класса пошли в поход?</p>"
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            "text" => "<p><strong>19.</strong> (4)</p><p>Костя из 10Б класса и 8 его друзей из той же школы пошли в поход. Среди любых 4-х туристов обязательно есть одноклассники, а среди любых 5 – не больше, чем 3 одноклассника. Сколько учеников 10Б класса пошли в поход?</p>"
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            "text" => "<p>Всего в поход пошли Костя и 8 его друзей, то есть $1 + 8 = 9$ туристов.</p><p>Обозначим общее число туристов как $N=9$. Пусть туристы представляют $k$ различных классов, а количество учеников из каждого класса — $n_1, n_2, \ldots, n_k$. Сумма всех учеников равна общему числу туристов: $n_1 + n_2 + \ldots + n_k = 9$.</p><p>Рассмотрим первое условие: <strong>«Среди любых 4-х туристов обязательно есть одноклассники»</strong>.<br>Это утверждение, по принципу Дирихле, означает, что невозможно выбрать 4 туристов так, чтобы они все были из разных классов. Если бы у нас было 4 или более классов, мы могли бы взять по одному ученику из каждого, и получили бы группу из 4 человек без одноклассников, что противоречит условию. Следовательно, количество различных классов, из которых приехали ученики, меньше четырех.<br>$k < 4$, то есть $k \le 3$.</p><p>Рассмотрим второе условие: <strong>«Среди любых 5 – не больше, чем 3 одноклассника»</strong>.<br>Это означает, что в группе не может быть 4 или 5 учеников из одного класса. Если бы из какого-либо класса было 4 ученика, можно было бы составить из них и еще одного любого туриста группу из 5 человек, в которой было бы 4 одноклассника. Это противоречит условию. Значит, количество учеников из любого одного класса не может превышать 3.<br>$n_i \le 3$ для любого $i \in \{1, \ldots, k\}$.</p><p>Теперь объединим полученные сведения:<br>1. Общее число туристов $N = 9$.<br>2. Количество классов $k \le 3$.<br>3. Число учеников из каждого класса $n_i \le 3$.<br>4. $n_1 + n_2 + \ldots + n_k = 9$.</p><p>Проверим возможные значения для $k$:<br>• Если $k=1$, то $n_1 = 9$. Это противоречит условию $n_1 \le 3$.<br>• Если $k=2$, то $n_1 + n_2 = 9$. Так как $n_1 \le 3$ и $n_2 \le 3$, их максимальная сумма равна $3 + 3 = 6$, что меньше 9. Этот случай также невозможен.<br>• Если $k=3$, то $n_1 + n_2 + n_3 = 9$. Учитывая, что $n_1 \le 3, n_2 \le 3, n_3 \le 3$, единственным возможным решением этого уравнения в натуральных числах является $n_1 = 3, n_2 = 3, n_3 = 3$.</p><p>Таким образом, группа туристов состоит из учеников трех разных классов, по 3 человека из каждого. Поскольку Костя учится в 10Б классе, это один из этих трех классов.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> 3.</p>"
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            "text" => "<p>Всего в поход пошли Костя и 8 его друзей, то есть $1 + 8 = 9$ туристов.</p><p>Обозначим общее число туристов как $N=9$. Пусть туристы представляют $k$ различных классов, а количество учеников из каждого класса — $n_1, n_2, \ldots, n_k$. Сумма всех учеников равна общему числу туристов: $n_1 + n_2 + \ldots + n_k = 9$.</p><p>Рассмотрим первое условие: <strong>«Среди любых 4-х туристов обязательно есть одноклассники»</strong>.<br>Это утверждение, по принципу Дирихле, означает, что невозможно выбрать 4 туристов так, чтобы они все были из разных классов. Если бы у нас было 4 или более классов, мы могли бы взять по одному ученику из каждого, и получили бы группу из 4 человек без одноклассников, что противоречит условию. Следовательно, количество различных классов, из которых приехали ученики, меньше четырех.<br>$k < 4$, то есть $k \le 3$.</p><p>Рассмотрим второе условие: <strong>«Среди любых 5 – не больше, чем 3 одноклассника»</strong>.<br>Это означает, что в группе не может быть 4 или 5 учеников из одного класса. Если бы из какого-либо класса было 4 ученика, можно было бы составить из них и еще одного любого туриста группу из 5 человек, в которой было бы 4 одноклассника. Это противоречит условию. Значит, количество учеников из любого одного класса не может превышать 3.<br>$n_i \le 3$ для любого $i \in \{1, \ldots, k\}$.</p><p>Теперь объединим полученные сведения:<br>1. Общее число туристов $N = 9$.<br>2. Количество классов $k \le 3$.<br>3. Число учеников из каждого класса $n_i \le 3$.<br>4. $n_1 + n_2 + \ldots + n_k = 9$.</p><p>Проверим возможные значения для $k$:<br>• Если $k=1$, то $n_1 = 9$. Это противоречит условию $n_1 \le 3$.<br>• Если $k=2$, то $n_1 + n_2 = 9$. Так как $n_1 \le 3$ и $n_2 \le 3$, их максимальная сумма равна $3 + 3 = 6$, что меньше 9. Этот случай также невозможен.<br>• Если $k=3$, то $n_1 + n_2 + n_3 = 9$. Учитывая, что $n_1 \le 3, n_2 \le 3, n_3 \le 3$, единственным возможным решением этого уравнения в натуральных числах является $n_1 = 3, n_2 = 3, n_3 = 3$.</p><p>Таким образом, группа туристов состоит из учеников трех разных классов, по 3 человека из каждого. Поскольку Костя учится в 10Б классе, это один из этих трех классов.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> 3.</p>"
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№19 (с. 128)
Условие. №19 (с. 128)
скриншот условия
Алгебра, 10 класс Учебник, авторы: Пак Олег Владимирович, Ардакулы Дархан, Ескендирова Елена Викторовна, издательство Алматыкітап баспасы, Алматы, 2019, Часть 2, страница 128, номер 19, Условие

19. (4)

Костя из 10Б класса и 8 его друзей из той же школы пошли в поход. Среди любых 4-х туристов обязательно есть одноклассники, а среди любых 5 – не больше, чем 3 одноклассника. Сколько учеников 10Б класса пошли в поход?

Решение 2 (rus). №19 (с. 128)

Всего в поход пошли Костя и 8 его друзей, то есть $1 + 8 = 9$ туристов.

Обозначим общее число туристов как $N=9$. Пусть туристы представляют $k$ различных классов, а количество учеников из каждого класса — $n_1, n_2, \ldots, n_k$. Сумма всех учеников равна общему числу туристов: $n_1 + n_2 + \ldots + n_k = 9$.

Рассмотрим первое условие: «Среди любых 4-х туристов обязательно есть одноклассники».
Это утверждение, по принципу Дирихле, означает, что невозможно выбрать 4 туристов так, чтобы они все были из разных классов. Если бы у нас было 4 или более классов, мы могли бы взять по одному ученику из каждого, и получили бы группу из 4 человек без одноклассников, что противоречит условию. Следовательно, количество различных классов, из которых приехали ученики, меньше четырех.
$k < 4$, то есть $k \le 3$.

Рассмотрим второе условие: «Среди любых 5 – не больше, чем 3 одноклассника».
Это означает, что в группе не может быть 4 или 5 учеников из одного класса. Если бы из какого-либо класса было 4 ученика, можно было бы составить из них и еще одного любого туриста группу из 5 человек, в которой было бы 4 одноклассника. Это противоречит условию. Значит, количество учеников из любого одного класса не может превышать 3.
$n_i \le 3$ для любого $i \in \{1, \ldots, k\}$.

Теперь объединим полученные сведения:
1. Общее число туристов $N = 9$.
2. Количество классов $k \le 3$.
3. Число учеников из каждого класса $n_i \le 3$.
4. $n_1 + n_2 + \ldots + n_k = 9$.

Проверим возможные значения для $k$:
• Если $k=1$, то $n_1 = 9$. Это противоречит условию $n_1 \le 3$.
• Если $k=2$, то $n_1 + n_2 = 9$. Так как $n_1 \le 3$ и $n_2 \le 3$, их максимальная сумма равна $3 + 3 = 6$, что меньше 9. Этот случай также невозможен.
• Если $k=3$, то $n_1 + n_2 + n_3 = 9$. Учитывая, что $n_1 \le 3, n_2 \le 3, n_3 \le 3$, единственным возможным решением этого уравнения в натуральных числах является $n_1 = 3, n_2 = 3, n_3 = 3$.

Таким образом, группа туристов состоит из учеников трех разных классов, по 3 человека из каждого. Поскольку Костя учится в 10Б классе, это один из этих трех классов.

Ответ: 3.

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