Номер 107, страница 186 - гдз по физике 10-11 класс задачник Гельфгат, Генденштейн

Физика, 10-11 класс Задачник, авторы: Гельфгат Илья Маркович, Генденштейн Лев Элевич, Кирик Леонид Анатольевич, издательство Илекса, Москва, 2008, красного цвета

Авторы: Гельфгат И. М., Генденштейн Л. Э., Кирик Л. А.

Тип: Задачник

Издательство: Илекса

Год издания: 2008 - 2026

Уровень обучения: профильный

Цвет обложки: красный лупа, парень едет на велосипеде

ISBN: 978-5-89237-252-7

Электродинамика. Электрическое поле. 25. Электрическая емкость. Конденсатор. Энергия электрического поля. Олимпиадные задачи - номер 107, страница 186.

App\Models\Task {#1030 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php
  #connection: "mysql"
  #table: "tasks"
  #primaryKey: "id"
  #keyType: "int"
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  #attributes: array:24 [
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    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
    "updated_at" => null
    "field_page_start" => "186"
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    "field_url" => "/10-klass/fizika/gelfgat-zadachnik/olimp-107"
    "field_display_title" => "107"
    "field_outside_task" => "0"
    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037
      #items: array:1 [
        0 => App\Models\Term {#1036
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "terms"
          #primaryKey: "id"
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          #attributes: array:6 [
            "id" => 26
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            "updated_at" => null
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              "field_accusative_case" => "номер"
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              "field_genitive_case" => "номера"
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            0 => "*"
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        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
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            "id" => 1319339
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            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1056
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "books"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
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                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
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                  #attributes: array:50 [
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                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1058
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                            "id" => 6493
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                          #hidden: []
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                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
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                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059
                      #items: array:2 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1060
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 5459
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "10"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => "десятый"
                              "field_creative_case" => "десятым"
                              "field_dative_case" => "десятому"
                              "field_genitive_case" => "десятого"
                              "field_nominative_case" => "десятый"
                              "field_prepositional_case" => "десятом"
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                            "field_translit" => "desjatyj"
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                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 5459
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                              "field_genitive_case" => "десятого"
                              "field_nominative_case" => "десятый"
                              "field_prepositional_case" => "десятом"
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                        1 => App\Models\Term {#1062
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
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                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 5460
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
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                              "field_genitive_case" => "одинадцатого"
                              "field_nominative_case" => "одинадцатый"
                              "field_prepositional_case" => "одиннадцатом"
                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "odinadcatyj"
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                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 5460
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                              "field_genitive_case" => "одинадцатого"
                              "field_nominative_case" => "одинадцатый"
                              "field_prepositional_case" => "одиннадцатом"
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                            "field_translit" => "odinadcatyj"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
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                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1064
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
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                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1076
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                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
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                              "field_genitive_case" => "задачника"
                              "field_nominative_case" => "задачник"
                              "field_prepositional_case" => "задачнике"
                            ]
                            "field_plural_form" => null
                            "field_short_name" => null
                            "field_short_name_foreign" => null
                            "field_translit" => "zadachnik"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1072
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 9
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Россия"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => null
                              "field_creative_case" => null
                              "field_dative_case" => null
                              "field_genitive_case" => null
                              "field_nominative_case" => null
                              "field_prepositional_case" => null
                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "rossiya"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 9
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Россия"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => null
                              "field_creative_case" => null
                              "field_dative_case" => null
                              "field_genitive_case" => null
                              "field_nominative_case" => null
                              "field_prepositional_case" => null
                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "rossiya"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1069
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1070
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 15
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Москва"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => null
                              "field_creative_case" => null
                              "field_dative_case" => null
                              "field_genitive_case" => null
                              "field_nominative_case" => null
                              "field_prepositional_case" => null
                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "moskva"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 15
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Москва"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => null
                              "field_creative_case" => null
                              "field_dative_case" => null
                              "field_genitive_case" => null
                              "field_nominative_case" => null
                              "field_prepositional_case" => null
                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "moskva"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1087
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 40
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "профильный"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => "профильный"
                              "field_creative_case" => "профильным"
                              "field_dative_case" => "профильному"
                              "field_genitive_case" => "профильного"
                              "field_nominative_case" => "профильный"
                              "field_prepositional_case" => "профильном"
                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "profilnyy"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 40
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "профильный"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => "профильный"
                              "field_creative_case" => "профильным"
                              "field_dative_case" => "профильному"
                              "field_genitive_case" => "профильного"
                              "field_nominative_case" => "профильный"
                              "field_prepositional_case" => "профильном"
                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "profilnyy"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1080
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_publication_number" => null
                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1079
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
                    "field_cover_description" => "лупа, парень едет на велосипеде"
                    "field_publication_year" => "2008"
                    "field_publication_year_until" => null
                    "field_part" => ""
                    "field_part_writing" => ""
                    "field_second_foreign_language" => null
                    "field_for_whom" => "Учебное издание"
                    "field_allowed" => null
                    "field_reserve_field" => null
                    "field_link_to_source" => null
                    "field_tasks_count" => "459"
                    "field_priority" => null
                    "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_10/gelfgat-z/"
                    "field_isbn" => "978-5-89237-252-7"
                    "field_cover" => array:1 [
                      0 => "/media/fizika_10/gelfgat-z/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1756049816"
                    ]
                    "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [
                      0 => ""
                    ]
                    "field_covers" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:4 [
                        "path" => "/media/fizika_10/gelfgat-z/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1756049816"
                        "alt" => ""
                        "width" => "1566"
                        "height" => "2412"
                      ]
                    ]
                    "field_popular_book" => "0"
                    "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1084
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1085
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_url" => "/10-klass/fizika/gelfgat-zadachnik"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1083
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 46
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "красный"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => "красный"
                              "field_creative_case" => "красным"
                              "field_dative_case" => "красному"
                              "field_genitive_case" => "красного"
                              "field_nominative_case" => "красный"
                              "field_prepositional_case" => "красном"
                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "krasnyy"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 46
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "красный"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => "красный"
                              "field_creative_case" => "красным"
                              "field_dative_case" => "красному"
                              "field_genitive_case" => "красного"
                              "field_nominative_case" => "красный"
                              "field_prepositional_case" => "красном"
                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "krasnyy"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
                      "class" => 381
                      "subject" => 556
                      "class_subject" => 494
                    ]
                  ]
                  #original: array:50 [
                    "id" => 5400
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks"
                    "field_pages_status" => null
                    "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061}
                    "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059}
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066}
                    "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067}
                    "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073}
                    "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1074}
                    "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068}
                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1069}
                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071}
                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065}
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088}
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1080}
                    "field_publication_number" => null
                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081}
                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1079}
                    "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
                    "field_cover_description" => "лупа, парень едет на велосипеде"
                    "field_publication_year" => "2008"
                    "field_publication_year_until" => null
                    "field_part" => ""
                    "field_part_writing" => ""
                    "field_second_foreign_language" => null
                    "field_for_whom" => "Учебное издание"
                    "field_allowed" => null
                    "field_reserve_field" => null
                    "field_link_to_source" => null
                    "field_tasks_count" => "459"
                    "field_priority" => null
                    "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_10/gelfgat-z/"
                    "field_isbn" => "978-5-89237-252-7"
                    "field_cover" => array:1 [
                      0 => "/media/fizika_10/gelfgat-z/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1756049816"
                    ]
                    "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [
                      0 => ""
                    ]
                    "field_covers" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:4 [
                        "path" => "/media/fizika_10/gelfgat-z/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1756049816"
                        "alt" => ""
                        "width" => "1566"
                        "height" => "2412"
                      ]
                    ]
                    "field_popular_book" => "0"
                    "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1084}
                    "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082}
                    "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1085}
                    "field_url" => "/10-klass/fizika/gelfgat-zadachnik"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
                      "class" => 381
                      "subject" => 556
                      "class_subject" => 494
                    ]
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1049
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 1319339
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Электродинамика"
            "field_branch_order" => null
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1047}
            "field_page_start" => "163"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1049}
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1114
      #items: array:4 [
        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1124
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 1319339
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Электродинамика"
            "field_branch_order" => null
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1125
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "163"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1126
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1056}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1127
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 1319339
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Электродинамика"
            "field_branch_order" => null
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1125}
            "field_page_start" => "163"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1126}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1127}
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        1 => App\Models\Branch {#1128
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 1319340
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Электрическое поле"
            "field_branch_order" => null
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1129
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "163"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1056}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 1319340
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Электрическое поле"
            "field_branch_order" => null
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1129}
            "field_page_start" => "163"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
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            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131}
          ]
          #changes: []
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          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        2 => App\Models\Branch {#1132
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 1319347
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "25. Электрическая емкость. Конденсатор. Энергия электрического поля"
            "field_branch_order" => null
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1133
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "180"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1134
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1056}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1143
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1142
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "branches"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1319340
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_display_title" => "Электрическое поле"
                    "field_branch_order" => null
                    "field_url" => null
                    "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_page_start" => "163"
                    "field_branch_display" => "0"
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                    "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
                    "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
                    "field_navigation_title" => null
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                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
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                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_branch_cover" => []
                    "field_branch_covers" => []
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Book {#1056}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                  ]
                  #original: array:24 [
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                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_display_title" => "Электрическое поле"
                    "field_branch_order" => null
                    "field_url" => null
                    "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144}
                    "field_page_start" => "163"
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                    "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
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                    "field_h1" => null
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                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_branch_cover" => []
                    "field_branch_covers" => []
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145}
                    "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146}
                  ]
                  #changes: []
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                  #dateFormat: null
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                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
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            "field_display_title" => "25. Электрическая емкость. Конденсатор. Энергия электрического поля"
            "field_branch_order" => null
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1133}
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            "field_description_top" => null
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            "field_branch_cover" => []
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            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1134}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1143}
          ]
          #changes: []
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          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
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          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        3 => App\Models\Branch {#1136
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 1319349
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Олимпиадные задачи"
            "field_branch_order" => null
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "184"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
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            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1056}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1152
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1151
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "branches"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1319347
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_display_title" => "25. Электрическая емкость. Конденсатор. Энергия электрического поля"
                    "field_branch_order" => null
                    "field_url" => null
                    "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1153
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_page_start" => "180"
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                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1154
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Book {#1056}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1155
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1142}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                  ]
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                    "field_branch_order" => null
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                    "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1153}
                    "field_page_start" => "180"
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                    "field_navigation_title" => null
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                    "field_h1" => null
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                    "field_branch_cover" => []
                    "field_branch_covers" => []
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1154}
                    "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1155}
                  ]
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                    0 => "*"
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          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 1319349
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Олимпиадные задачи"
            "field_branch_order" => null
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135}
            "field_page_start" => "184"
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            "field_h1" => null
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            "field_branch_cover" => []
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            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1152}
          ]
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            0 => "*"
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      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1038
      #items: array:2 [
        0 => App\Models\Element {#1105
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "elements"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:7 [
            "id" => 1494085
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1104
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "editions"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:21 [
                    "id" => 5430
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Условие"
                    "field_order" => "1"
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1101
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1103
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
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                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [ …6]
                          #original: array:6 [ …6]
                          #changes: []
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                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_content_type" => "free"
                    "field_content_mode" => "text, image"
                    "field_page_content_mode" => "image"
                    "field_content_text_checked" => null
                    "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_solution_author" => "Автор"
                    "field_moderator" => "stas"
                    "field_edition_type" => "statement"
                    "field_root_dir" => "0-"
                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_comment" => null
                    "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_process_formula" => "katex"
                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1099
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_content_source" => null
                  ]
                  #original: array:21 [
                    "id" => 5430
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Условие"
                    "field_order" => "1"
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1101}
                    "field_content_type" => "free"
                    "field_content_mode" => "text, image"
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                    "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_solution_author" => "Автор"
                    "field_moderator" => "stas"
                    "field_edition_type" => "statement"
                    "field_root_dir" => "0-"
                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102}
                    "field_comment" => null
                    "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100}
                    "field_process_formula" => "katex"
                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1099}
                    "field_content_source" => null
                  ]
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                  #attributeCastCache: []
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                  +timestamps: true
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                  #visible: []
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                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1319693"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "text" => "<p><strong>О07.</strong> В цепи (см. рисунок) емкость каждого конденсатора равна С. Вначале ключ разомкнут, конденсатор 1 заряжен до напряжения $U_0$, остальные конденсаторы не заряжены. Найдите напряжение на каждом из конденсаторов после замыкания ключа.</p><p>☑ $U_1 = 5U_0/8, U_2 = 3U_0/8, U_3 = U_0/4, U_4 = U_5 = U_0/8, U_6 = 0.$</p><p><strong><em>Решение.</em></strong> Обкладки конденсатора 6 соединены накоротко, поэтому у них равные потенциалы. Этот конденсатор не заряжен ($U_6 = 0$) и потому может быть изъят из цепи.</p><p>Тогда $C_{45} = C/2, C_{345} = 3C/2$ и $C_{2345} = \frac{C \cdot 1,5C}{C + 1,5C} = \frac{3}{5}C.$ После замыкания ключа имевшийся на первом конденсаторе заряд $CU_0$ распределится между этим конденсатором и батареей конденсаторов 2-3-4-5, так что $CU_0 = (C + C_{2345})U_1$, откуда $U_1 = 5U_0/8.$ Заряд батареи 2-3-4-5 (и конденсатора 2) равен $C_{2345}U_1 = 3CU_0/8.$</p><p>Следовательно, $U_2 = q_2/C = 3U_0/8, U_3 = U_1 - U_2 = U_0/4$ и $U_4 = U_5 = U_0/8.$</p>"
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          ]
          #original: array:7 [
            "id" => 1494085
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095}
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1319693"
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            "text" => "<p><strong>О07.</strong> В цепи (см. рисунок) емкость каждого конденсатора равна С. Вначале ключ разомкнут, конденсатор 1 заряжен до напряжения $U_0$, остальные конденсаторы не заряжены. Найдите напряжение на каждом из конденсаторов после замыкания ключа.</p><p>☑ $U_1 = 5U_0/8, U_2 = 3U_0/8, U_3 = U_0/4, U_4 = U_5 = U_0/8, U_6 = 0.$</p><p><strong><em>Решение.</em></strong> Обкладки конденсатора 6 соединены накоротко, поэтому у них равные потенциалы. Этот конденсатор не заряжен ($U_6 = 0$) и потому может быть изъят из цепи.</p><p>Тогда $C_{45} = C/2, C_{345} = 3C/2$ и $C_{2345} = \frac{C \cdot 1,5C}{C + 1,5C} = \frac{3}{5}C.$ После замыкания ключа имевшийся на первом конденсаторе заряд $CU_0$ распределится между этим конденсатором и батареей конденсаторов 2-3-4-5, так что $CU_0 = (C + C_{2345})U_1$, откуда $U_1 = 5U_0/8.$ Заряд батареи 2-3-4-5 (и конденсатора 2) равен $C_{2345}U_1 = 3CU_0/8.$</p><p>Следовательно, $U_2 = q_2/C = 3U_0/8, U_3 = U_1 - U_2 = U_0/4$ и $U_4 = U_5 = U_0/8.$</p>"
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            "text" => "<p><strong>Дано:</strong></p><p>Емкость каждого конденсатора: $C_1 = C_2 = C_3 = C_4 = C_5 = C_6 = C$</p><p>Начальное напряжение на конденсаторе 1: $U_{1, \text{нач}} = U_0$</p><p>Начальное напряжение на остальных конденсаторах: $U_{2, \text{нач}} = U_{3, \text{нач}} = U_{4, \text{нач}} = U_{5, \text{нач}} = U_{6, \text{нач}} = 0$</p><p><strong>Найти:</strong></p><p>Напряжения на каждом конденсаторе после замыкания ключа: $U_1, U_2, U_3, U_4, U_5, U_6$</p><p><strong>Решение:</strong></p><p>После замыкания ключа, обкладки конденсатора 6 оказываются соединенными проводником, то есть он закорочен. Разность потенциалов, а следовательно и напряжение на нем, равно нулю. Заряд на этом конденсаторе также равен нулю. Поэтому для дальнейшего анализа конденсатор 6 можно исключить из схемы.</p><p>$U_6 = 0$</p><p>Найдем эквивалентную емкость остальной части цепи, к которой подключается конденсатор 1. Будем сворачивать схему, начиная с самого дальнего участка.</p><p>Конденсаторы 4 и 5 соединены последовательно. Их общая емкость $C_{45}$:</p><p>$\frac{1}{C_{45}} = \frac{1}{C_4} + \frac{1}{C_5} = \frac{1}{C} + \frac{1}{C} = \frac{2}{C} \Rightarrow C_{45} = \frac{C}{2}$</p><p>Этот блок (4-5) соединен параллельно с конденсатором 3. Их общая емкость $C_{345}$:</p><p>$C_{345} = C_3 + C_{45} = C + \frac{C}{2} = \frac{3C}{2}$</p><p>Полученный блок (3-4-5) соединен последовательно с конденсатором 2. Их общая емкость $C_{2345}$:</p><p>$\frac{1}{C_{2345}} = \frac{1}{C_2} + \frac{1}{C_{345}} = \frac{1}{C} + \frac{1}{3C/2} = \frac{1}{C} + \frac{2}{3C} = \frac{3+2}{3C} = \frac{5}{3C} \Rightarrow C_{2345} = \frac{3C}{5}$</p><p>После замыкания ключа конденсатор 1 оказывается соединенным параллельно с блоком конденсаторов 2-3-4-5. Изначально заряд был только на конденсаторе 1 и равнялся $Q_0 = C_1 U_0 = CU_0$. Этот заряд перераспределяется между конденсатором 1 и эквивалентным конденсатором $C_{2345}$.</p><p>По закону сохранения заряда, суммарный заряд $Q_0$ сохранится. Общая емкость параллельно соединенных $C_1$ и $C_{2345}$ равна:</p><p>$C_{общ} = C_1 + C_{2345} = C + \frac{3C}{5} = \frac{8C}{5}$</p><p>Установившееся напряжение $U_1$ на конденсаторе 1 (и на всем блоке 2-3-4-5) будет равно:</p><p>$U_1 = \frac{Q_0}{C_{общ}} = \frac{CU_0}{8C/5} = \frac{5}{8}U_0$</p><p>Теперь найдем напряжения на остальных конденсаторах, зная напряжение на всей группе $U_{2345} = U_1 = \frac{5}{8}U_0$.</p><p>Заряд, прошедший через блок 2-3-4-5, равен:</p><p>$q_{2345} = C_{2345} \cdot U_1 = \frac{3C}{5} \cdot \frac{5U_0}{8} = \frac{3CU_0}{8}$</p><p>Так как $C_2$ и $C_{345}$ соединены последовательно, их заряды равны $q_2 = q_{345} = q_{2345}$. Напряжение на конденсаторе 2:</p><p>$U_2 = \frac{q_2}{C_2} = \frac{3CU_0/8}{C} = \frac{3}{8}U_0$</p><p>Напряжение на блоке 3-4-5:</p><p>$U_{345} = \frac{q_{345}}{C_{345}} = \frac{3CU_0/8}{3C/2} = \frac{2U_0}{8} = \frac{1}{4}U_0$</p><p>(Проверка: $U_2 + U_{345} = \frac{3}{8}U_0 + \frac{1}{4}U_0 = \frac{3+2}{8}U_0 = \frac{5}{8}U_0 = U_1$, что верно).</p><p>Конденсатор $C_3$ соединен параллельно блоку 4-5, поэтому напряжение на нем равно напряжению на всем блоке 3-4-5:</p><p>$U_3 = U_{345} = \frac{1}{4}U_0$</p><p>Конденсаторы $C_4$ и $C_5$ соединены последовательно и имеют одинаковую емкость. Значит, напряжение $U_{345}$ делится между ними поровну:</p><p>$U_4 = U_5 = \frac{U_{345}}{2} = \frac{U_0/4}{2} = \frac{1}{8}U_0$</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong></p><p>$U_1 = \frac{5}{8} U_0$, $U_2 = \frac{3}{8} U_0$, $U_3 = \frac{1}{4} U_0$, $U_4 = \frac{1}{8} U_0$, $U_5 = \frac{1}{8} U_0$, $U_6 = 0$.</p>"
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            "text" => "<p><strong>Дано:</strong></p><p>Емкость каждого конденсатора: $C_1 = C_2 = C_3 = C_4 = C_5 = C_6 = C$</p><p>Начальное напряжение на конденсаторе 1: $U_{1, \text{нач}} = U_0$</p><p>Начальное напряжение на остальных конденсаторах: $U_{2, \text{нач}} = U_{3, \text{нач}} = U_{4, \text{нач}} = U_{5, \text{нач}} = U_{6, \text{нач}} = 0$</p><p><strong>Найти:</strong></p><p>Напряжения на каждом конденсаторе после замыкания ключа: $U_1, U_2, U_3, U_4, U_5, U_6$</p><p><strong>Решение:</strong></p><p>После замыкания ключа, обкладки конденсатора 6 оказываются соединенными проводником, то есть он закорочен. Разность потенциалов, а следовательно и напряжение на нем, равно нулю. Заряд на этом конденсаторе также равен нулю. Поэтому для дальнейшего анализа конденсатор 6 можно исключить из схемы.</p><p>$U_6 = 0$</p><p>Найдем эквивалентную емкость остальной части цепи, к которой подключается конденсатор 1. Будем сворачивать схему, начиная с самого дальнего участка.</p><p>Конденсаторы 4 и 5 соединены последовательно. Их общая емкость $C_{45}$:</p><p>$\frac{1}{C_{45}} = \frac{1}{C_4} + \frac{1}{C_5} = \frac{1}{C} + \frac{1}{C} = \frac{2}{C} \Rightarrow C_{45} = \frac{C}{2}$</p><p>Этот блок (4-5) соединен параллельно с конденсатором 3. Их общая емкость $C_{345}$:</p><p>$C_{345} = C_3 + C_{45} = C + \frac{C}{2} = \frac{3C}{2}$</p><p>Полученный блок (3-4-5) соединен последовательно с конденсатором 2. Их общая емкость $C_{2345}$:</p><p>$\frac{1}{C_{2345}} = \frac{1}{C_2} + \frac{1}{C_{345}} = \frac{1}{C} + \frac{1}{3C/2} = \frac{1}{C} + \frac{2}{3C} = \frac{3+2}{3C} = \frac{5}{3C} \Rightarrow C_{2345} = \frac{3C}{5}$</p><p>После замыкания ключа конденсатор 1 оказывается соединенным параллельно с блоком конденсаторов 2-3-4-5. Изначально заряд был только на конденсаторе 1 и равнялся $Q_0 = C_1 U_0 = CU_0$. Этот заряд перераспределяется между конденсатором 1 и эквивалентным конденсатором $C_{2345}$.</p><p>По закону сохранения заряда, суммарный заряд $Q_0$ сохранится. Общая емкость параллельно соединенных $C_1$ и $C_{2345}$ равна:</p><p>$C_{общ} = C_1 + C_{2345} = C + \frac{3C}{5} = \frac{8C}{5}$</p><p>Установившееся напряжение $U_1$ на конденсаторе 1 (и на всем блоке 2-3-4-5) будет равно:</p><p>$U_1 = \frac{Q_0}{C_{общ}} = \frac{CU_0}{8C/5} = \frac{5}{8}U_0$</p><p>Теперь найдем напряжения на остальных конденсаторах, зная напряжение на всей группе $U_{2345} = U_1 = \frac{5}{8}U_0$.</p><p>Заряд, прошедший через блок 2-3-4-5, равен:</p><p>$q_{2345} = C_{2345} \cdot U_1 = \frac{3C}{5} \cdot \frac{5U_0}{8} = \frac{3CU_0}{8}$</p><p>Так как $C_2$ и $C_{345}$ соединены последовательно, их заряды равны $q_2 = q_{345} = q_{2345}$. Напряжение на конденсаторе 2:</p><p>$U_2 = \frac{q_2}{C_2} = \frac{3CU_0/8}{C} = \frac{3}{8}U_0$</p><p>Напряжение на блоке 3-4-5:</p><p>$U_{345} = \frac{q_{345}}{C_{345}} = \frac{3CU_0/8}{3C/2} = \frac{2U_0}{8} = \frac{1}{4}U_0$</p><p>(Проверка: $U_2 + U_{345} = \frac{3}{8}U_0 + \frac{1}{4}U_0 = \frac{3+2}{8}U_0 = \frac{5}{8}U_0 = U_1$, что верно).</p><p>Конденсатор $C_3$ соединен параллельно блоку 4-5, поэтому напряжение на нем равно напряжению на всем блоке 3-4-5:</p><p>$U_3 = U_{345} = \frac{1}{4}U_0$</p><p>Конденсаторы $C_4$ и $C_5$ соединены последовательно и имеют одинаковую емкость. Значит, напряжение $U_{345}$ делится между ними поровну:</p><p>$U_4 = U_5 = \frac{U_{345}}{2} = \frac{U_0/4}{2} = \frac{1}{8}U_0$</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong></p><p>$U_1 = \frac{5}{8} U_0$, $U_2 = \frac{3}{8} U_0$, $U_3 = \frac{1}{4} U_0$, $U_4 = \frac{1}{8} U_0$, $U_5 = \frac{1}{8} U_0$, $U_6 = 0$.</p>"
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№107 (с. 186)
Условие. №107 (с. 186)
скриншот условия
Физика, 10-11 класс Задачник, авторы: Гельфгат Илья Маркович, Генденштейн Лев Элевич, Кирик Леонид Анатольевич, издательство Илекса, Москва, 2008, красного цвета, страница 186, номер 107, Условие
Физика, 10-11 класс Задачник, авторы: Гельфгат Илья Маркович, Генденштейн Лев Элевич, Кирик Леонид Анатольевич, издательство Илекса, Москва, 2008, красного цвета, страница 186, номер 107, Условие (продолжение 2)

О07. В цепи (см. рисунок) емкость каждого конденсатора равна С. Вначале ключ разомкнут, конденсатор 1 заряжен до напряжения $U_0$, остальные конденсаторы не заряжены. Найдите напряжение на каждом из конденсаторов после замыкания ключа.

☑ $U_1 = 5U_0/8, U_2 = 3U_0/8, U_3 = U_0/4, U_4 = U_5 = U_0/8, U_6 = 0.$

Решение. Обкладки конденсатора 6 соединены накоротко, поэтому у них равные потенциалы. Этот конденсатор не заряжен ($U_6 = 0$) и потому может быть изъят из цепи.

Тогда $C_{45} = C/2, C_{345} = 3C/2$ и $C_{2345} = \frac{C \cdot 1,5C}{C + 1,5C} = \frac{3}{5}C.$ После замыкания ключа имевшийся на первом конденсаторе заряд $CU_0$ распределится между этим конденсатором и батареей конденсаторов 2-3-4-5, так что $CU_0 = (C + C_{2345})U_1$, откуда $U_1 = 5U_0/8.$ Заряд батареи 2-3-4-5 (и конденсатора 2) равен $C_{2345}U_1 = 3CU_0/8.$

Следовательно, $U_2 = q_2/C = 3U_0/8, U_3 = U_1 - U_2 = U_0/4$ и $U_4 = U_5 = U_0/8.$

Решение. №107 (с. 186)

Дано:

Емкость каждого конденсатора: $C_1 = C_2 = C_3 = C_4 = C_5 = C_6 = C$

Начальное напряжение на конденсаторе 1: $U_{1, \text{нач}} = U_0$

Начальное напряжение на остальных конденсаторах: $U_{2, \text{нач}} = U_{3, \text{нач}} = U_{4, \text{нач}} = U_{5, \text{нач}} = U_{6, \text{нач}} = 0$

Найти:

Напряжения на каждом конденсаторе после замыкания ключа: $U_1, U_2, U_3, U_4, U_5, U_6$

Решение:

После замыкания ключа, обкладки конденсатора 6 оказываются соединенными проводником, то есть он закорочен. Разность потенциалов, а следовательно и напряжение на нем, равно нулю. Заряд на этом конденсаторе также равен нулю. Поэтому для дальнейшего анализа конденсатор 6 можно исключить из схемы.

$U_6 = 0$

Найдем эквивалентную емкость остальной части цепи, к которой подключается конденсатор 1. Будем сворачивать схему, начиная с самого дальнего участка.

Конденсаторы 4 и 5 соединены последовательно. Их общая емкость $C_{45}$:

$\frac{1}{C_{45}} = \frac{1}{C_4} + \frac{1}{C_5} = \frac{1}{C} + \frac{1}{C} = \frac{2}{C} \Rightarrow C_{45} = \frac{C}{2}$

Этот блок (4-5) соединен параллельно с конденсатором 3. Их общая емкость $C_{345}$:

$C_{345} = C_3 + C_{45} = C + \frac{C}{2} = \frac{3C}{2}$

Полученный блок (3-4-5) соединен последовательно с конденсатором 2. Их общая емкость $C_{2345}$:

$\frac{1}{C_{2345}} = \frac{1}{C_2} + \frac{1}{C_{345}} = \frac{1}{C} + \frac{1}{3C/2} = \frac{1}{C} + \frac{2}{3C} = \frac{3+2}{3C} = \frac{5}{3C} \Rightarrow C_{2345} = \frac{3C}{5}$

После замыкания ключа конденсатор 1 оказывается соединенным параллельно с блоком конденсаторов 2-3-4-5. Изначально заряд был только на конденсаторе 1 и равнялся $Q_0 = C_1 U_0 = CU_0$. Этот заряд перераспределяется между конденсатором 1 и эквивалентным конденсатором $C_{2345}$.

По закону сохранения заряда, суммарный заряд $Q_0$ сохранится. Общая емкость параллельно соединенных $C_1$ и $C_{2345}$ равна:

$C_{общ} = C_1 + C_{2345} = C + \frac{3C}{5} = \frac{8C}{5}$

Установившееся напряжение $U_1$ на конденсаторе 1 (и на всем блоке 2-3-4-5) будет равно:

$U_1 = \frac{Q_0}{C_{общ}} = \frac{CU_0}{8C/5} = \frac{5}{8}U_0$

Теперь найдем напряжения на остальных конденсаторах, зная напряжение на всей группе $U_{2345} = U_1 = \frac{5}{8}U_0$.

Заряд, прошедший через блок 2-3-4-5, равен:

$q_{2345} = C_{2345} \cdot U_1 = \frac{3C}{5} \cdot \frac{5U_0}{8} = \frac{3CU_0}{8}$

Так как $C_2$ и $C_{345}$ соединены последовательно, их заряды равны $q_2 = q_{345} = q_{2345}$. Напряжение на конденсаторе 2:

$U_2 = \frac{q_2}{C_2} = \frac{3CU_0/8}{C} = \frac{3}{8}U_0$

Напряжение на блоке 3-4-5:

$U_{345} = \frac{q_{345}}{C_{345}} = \frac{3CU_0/8}{3C/2} = \frac{2U_0}{8} = \frac{1}{4}U_0$

(Проверка: $U_2 + U_{345} = \frac{3}{8}U_0 + \frac{1}{4}U_0 = \frac{3+2}{8}U_0 = \frac{5}{8}U_0 = U_1$, что верно).

Конденсатор $C_3$ соединен параллельно блоку 4-5, поэтому напряжение на нем равно напряжению на всем блоке 3-4-5:

$U_3 = U_{345} = \frac{1}{4}U_0$

Конденсаторы $C_4$ и $C_5$ соединены последовательно и имеют одинаковую емкость. Значит, напряжение $U_{345}$ делится между ними поровну:

$U_4 = U_5 = \frac{U_{345}}{2} = \frac{U_0/4}{2} = \frac{1}{8}U_0$

Ответ:

$U_1 = \frac{5}{8} U_0$, $U_2 = \frac{3}{8} U_0$, $U_3 = \frac{1}{4} U_0$, $U_4 = \frac{1}{8} U_0$, $U_5 = \frac{1}{8} U_0$, $U_6 = 0$.

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