Номер 2, страница 124 - гдз по физике 10 класс учебник Касьянов

Физика, 10 класс Учебник, автор: Касьянов Валерий Алексеевич, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2021, белого цвета

Авторы: Касьянов В. А.

Тип: Учебник

Издательство: Просвещение

Год издания: 2021 - 2026

Уровень обучения: углублённый

Цвет обложки: белый самолет и молнии изображены

ISBN: 978-5-09-103621-3

Механика. 4. Законы сохранения. Параграф 27. Закон сохранения импульса. Задачи - номер 2, страница 124.

App\Models\Task {#1030 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php
  #connection: "mysql"
  #table: "tasks"
  #primaryKey: "id"
  #keyType: "int"
  +incrementing: true
  #with: []
  #withCount: []
  +preventsLazyLoading: false
  #perPage: 15
  +exists: true
  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
  #attributes: array:24 [
    "id" => 1389885
    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
    "updated_at" => null
    "field_page_start" => "124"
    "field_page_end" => null
    "field_url" => "/10-klass/fizika/kasyanov-uchebnik/27zad-2"
    "field_display_title" => "2"
    "field_outside_task" => null
    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037
      #items: array:1 [
        0 => App\Models\Term {#1036
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "terms"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: false
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:6 [
            "id" => 26
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "name" => "номер"
            "field_cases" => array:6 [
              "field_accusative_case" => "номер"
              "field_creative_case" => "номером"
              "field_dative_case" => "номеру"
              "field_genitive_case" => "номера"
              "field_nominative_case" => "номер"
              "field_prepositional_case" => "номере"
            ]
            "field_short_name" => ""
          ]
          #original: array:6 [
            "id" => 26
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "name" => "номер"
            "field_cases" => array:6 [
              "field_accusative_case" => "номер"
              "field_creative_case" => "номером"
              "field_dative_case" => "номеру"
              "field_genitive_case" => "номера"
              "field_nominative_case" => "номер"
              "field_prepositional_case" => "номере"
            ]
            "field_short_name" => ""
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "field_metatags_title" => null
    "field_metatags_description" => null
    "field_h1" => null
    "field_description_top" => null
    "field_description_bottom" => null
    "field_match" => null
    "breadcrumbs" => []
    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1035
      #items: []
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073
      #items: array:1 [
        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1034
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 1389404
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Механика"
            "field_branch_order" => null
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1039
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "18"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1038
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1040
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "books"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:50 [
                    "id" => 7000
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks"
                    "field_pages_status" => null
                    "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1041
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1043
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1045
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1047
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1049
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1054
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1058
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_publication_number" => "11"
                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
                    "field_cover_description" => "самолет и молнии изображены"
                    "field_publication_year" => "2021"
                    "field_publication_year_until" => null
                    "field_part" => ""
                    "field_part_writing" => ""
                    "field_second_foreign_language" => null
                    "field_for_whom" => "Учебное издание"
                    "field_allowed" => null
                    "field_reserve_field" => null
                    "field_link_to_source" => null
                    "field_tasks_count" => "984"
                    "field_priority" => null
                    "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_10/kasyanov-u/"
                    "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-103621-3"
                    "field_cover" => array:1 [
                      0 => "/media/fizika_10/kasyanov-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1757588862"
                    ]
                    "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [
                      0 => ""
                    ]
                    "field_covers" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:4 [ …4]
                    ]
                    "field_popular_book" => "0"
                    "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_url" => "/10-klass/fizika/kasyanov-uchebnik"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
                      "class" => 381
                      "subject" => 556
                      "class_subject" => 494
                    ]
                  ]
                  #original: array:50 [
                    "id" => 7000
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks"
                    "field_pages_status" => null
                    "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1041}
                    "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1043}
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1045}
                    "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1047}
                    "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1049}
                    "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050}
                    "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052}
                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1054}
                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056}
                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057}
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1058}
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060}
                    "field_publication_number" => "11"
                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062}
                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064}
                    "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
                    "field_cover_description" => "самолет и молнии изображены"
                    "field_publication_year" => "2021"
                    "field_publication_year_until" => null
                    "field_part" => ""
                    "field_part_writing" => ""
                    "field_second_foreign_language" => null
                    "field_for_whom" => "Учебное издание"
                    "field_allowed" => null
                    "field_reserve_field" => null
                    "field_link_to_source" => null
                    "field_tasks_count" => "984"
                    "field_priority" => null
                    "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_10/kasyanov-u/"
                    "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-103621-3"
                    "field_cover" => array:1 [
                      0 => "/media/fizika_10/kasyanov-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1757588862"
                    ]
                    "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [
                      0 => ""
                    ]
                    "field_covers" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:4 [ …4]
                    ]
                    "field_popular_book" => "0"
                    "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065}
                    "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066}
                    "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067}
                    "field_url" => "/10-klass/fizika/kasyanov-uchebnik"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
                      "class" => 381
                      "subject" => 556
                      "class_subject" => 494
                    ]
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 1389404
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Механика"
            "field_branch_order" => null
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1039}
            "field_page_start" => "18"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1038}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070}
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1108
      #items: array:4 [
        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1118
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 1389404
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Механика"
            "field_branch_order" => null
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1119
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "18"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1152
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1120
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "books"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:50 [
                    "id" => 7000
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks"
                    "field_pages_status" => null
                    "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1122
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1121
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:10 [
                            "id" => 6493
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Физика"
                            "field_abbreviated_name" => null
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => "физику"
                              "field_creative_case" => "физикой"
                              "field_dative_case" => "физике"
                              "field_genitive_case" => "физики"
                              "field_nominative_case" => "физика"
                              "field_prepositional_case" => "физике"
                            ]
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_short_name" => null
                            "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject"
                            "field_translit" => "fizika"
                          ]
                          #original: array:10 [
                            "id" => 6493
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Физика"
                            "field_abbreviated_name" => null
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => "физику"
                              "field_creative_case" => "физикой"
                              "field_dative_case" => "физике"
                              "field_genitive_case" => "физики"
                              "field_nominative_case" => "физика"
                              "field_prepositional_case" => "физике"
                            ]
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_short_name" => null
                            "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject"
                            "field_translit" => "fizika"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1123
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1124
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 5459
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "10"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => "десятый"
                              "field_creative_case" => "десятым"
                              "field_dative_case" => "десятому"
                              "field_genitive_case" => "десятого"
                              "field_nominative_case" => "десятый"
                              "field_prepositional_case" => "десятом"
                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "desjatyj"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 5459
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "10"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => "десятый"
                              "field_creative_case" => "десятым"
                              "field_dative_case" => "десятому"
                              "field_genitive_case" => "десятого"
                              "field_nominative_case" => "десятый"
                              "field_prepositional_case" => "десятом"
                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "desjatyj"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1125
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1126
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 5153
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Просвещение"
                            "field_cases" => null
                            "field_translit" => "prosveschenie"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 5153
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Просвещение"
                            "field_cases" => null
                            "field_translit" => "prosveschenie"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1127
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1128
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:12 [
                            "id" => 4566
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Касьянов"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Валерий"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Алексеевич"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #original: array:12 [
                            "id" => 4566
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Касьянов"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Валерий"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Алексеевич"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1129
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1131
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:10 [
                            "id" => 6671
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Учебник"
                            "field_book_type_foreign" => null
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => "учебник"
                              "field_creative_case" => "учебником"
                              "field_dative_case" => "учебнику"
                              "field_genitive_case" => "учебника"
                              "field_nominative_case" => "учебник"
                              "field_prepositional_case" => "учебнике"
                            ]
                            "field_plural_form" => null
                            "field_short_name" => null
                            "field_short_name_foreign" => null
                            "field_translit" => "uchebnik"
                          ]
                          #original: array:10 [
                            "id" => 6671
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Учебник"
                            "field_book_type_foreign" => null
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => "учебник"
                              "field_creative_case" => "учебником"
                              "field_dative_case" => "учебнику"
                              "field_genitive_case" => "учебника"
                              "field_nominative_case" => "учебник"
                              "field_prepositional_case" => "учебнике"
                            ]
                            "field_plural_form" => null
                            "field_short_name" => null
                            "field_short_name_foreign" => null
                            "field_translit" => "uchebnik"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1133
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 9
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Россия"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => null
                              "field_creative_case" => null
                              "field_dative_case" => null
                              "field_genitive_case" => null
                              "field_nominative_case" => null
                              "field_prepositional_case" => null
                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "rossiya"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 9
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Россия"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => null
                              "field_creative_case" => null
                              "field_dative_case" => null
                              "field_genitive_case" => null
                              "field_nominative_case" => null
                              "field_prepositional_case" => null
                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "rossiya"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1134
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1135
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 15
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Москва"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => null
                              "field_creative_case" => null
                              "field_dative_case" => null
                              "field_genitive_case" => null
                              "field_nominative_case" => null
                              "field_prepositional_case" => null
                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "moskva"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 15
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Москва"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => null
                              "field_creative_case" => null
                              "field_dative_case" => null
                              "field_genitive_case" => null
                              "field_nominative_case" => null
                              "field_prepositional_case" => null
                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "moskva"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1138
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1139
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 39
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "углублённый"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => "углубленный"
                              "field_creative_case" => "углубленным"
                              "field_dative_case" => "углубленному"
                              "field_genitive_case" => "углубленного"
                              "field_nominative_case" => "углубленный"
                              "field_prepositional_case" => "углубленном"
                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "uglublennyy"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 39
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "углублённый"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => "углубленный"
                              "field_creative_case" => "углубленным"
                              "field_dative_case" => "углубленному"
                              "field_genitive_case" => "углубленного"
                              "field_nominative_case" => "углубленный"
                              "field_prepositional_case" => "углубленном"
                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "uglublennyy"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1140
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1141
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:10 [
                            "id" => 6706
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "ФГОС (старый)"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => null
                              "field_creative_case" => null
                              "field_dative_case" => null
                              "field_genitive_case" => null
                              "field_nominative_case" => null
                              "field_prepositional_case" => null
                            ]
                            "field_color" => null
                            "field_end_year" => "2022"
                            "field_start_year" => "2019"
                            "field_translit" => "fgos-old"
                            "field_type" => null
                          ]
                          #original: array:10 [
                            "id" => 6706
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "ФГОС (старый)"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => null
                              "field_creative_case" => null
                              "field_dative_case" => null
                              "field_genitive_case" => null
                              "field_nominative_case" => null
                               …1
                            ]
                            "field_color" => null
                            "field_end_year" => "2022"
                            "field_start_year" => "2019"
                            "field_translit" => "fgos-old"
                            "field_type" => null
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_publication_number" => "11"
                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1142
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1143
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 33
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "стереотипное"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "stereotipnoe"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 33
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "стереотипное"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "stereotipnoe"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
                    "field_cover_description" => "самолет и молнии изображены"
                    "field_publication_year" => "2021"
                    "field_publication_year_until" => null
                    "field_part" => ""
                    "field_part_writing" => ""
                    "field_second_foreign_language" => null
                    "field_for_whom" => "Учебное издание"
                    "field_allowed" => null
                    "field_reserve_field" => null
                    "field_link_to_source" => null
                    "field_tasks_count" => "984"
                    "field_priority" => null
                    "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_10/kasyanov-u/"
                    "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-103621-3"
                    "field_cover" => array:1 [
                      0 => "/media/fizika_10/kasyanov-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1757588862"
                    ]
                    "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [
                      0 => ""
                    ]
                    "field_covers" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:4 [
                        "path" => "/media/fizika_10/kasyanov-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1757588862"
                        "alt" => ""
                        "width" => "1604"
                        "height" => "2397"
                      ]
                    ]
                    "field_popular_book" => "0"
                    "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1147
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_url" => "/10-klass/fizika/kasyanov-uchebnik"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1149
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 45
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "белый"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "belyy"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 45
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "белый"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "belyy"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
                      "class" => 381
                      "subject" => 556
                      "class_subject" => 494
                    ]
                  ]
                  #original: array:50 [
                    "id" => 7000
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks"
                    "field_pages_status" => null
                    "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1122}
                    "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1123}
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1125}
                    "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1127}
                    "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1129}
                    "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130}
                    "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132}
                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1134}
                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136}
                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137}
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1138}
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1140}
                    "field_publication_number" => "11"
                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1142}
                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144}
                    "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
                    "field_cover_description" => "самолет и молнии изображены"
                    "field_publication_year" => "2021"
                    "field_publication_year_until" => null
                    "field_part" => ""
                    "field_part_writing" => ""
                    "field_second_foreign_language" => null
                    "field_for_whom" => "Учебное издание"
                    "field_allowed" => null
                    "field_reserve_field" => null
                    "field_link_to_source" => null
                    "field_tasks_count" => "984"
                    "field_priority" => null
                    "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_10/kasyanov-u/"
                    "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-103621-3"
                    "field_cover" => array:1 [
                      0 => "/media/fizika_10/kasyanov-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1757588862"
                    ]
                    "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [
                      0 => ""
                    ]
                    "field_covers" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:4 [
                        "path" => "/media/fizika_10/kasyanov-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1757588862"
                        "alt" => ""
                        "width" => "1604"
                        "height" => "2397"
                      ]
                    ]
                    "field_popular_book" => "0"
                    "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145}
                    "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146}
                    "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1147}
                    "field_url" => "/10-klass/fizika/kasyanov-uchebnik"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
                      "class" => 381
                      "subject" => 556
                      "class_subject" => 494
                    ]
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1150
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 1389404
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Механика"
            "field_branch_order" => null
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1119}
            "field_page_start" => "18"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1152}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1150}
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        1 => App\Models\Branch {#1151
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 1389452
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "4. Законы сохранения"
            "field_branch_order" => null
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1153
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "115"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1154
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1120}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1155
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1034}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 1389452
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "4. Законы сохранения"
            "field_branch_order" => null
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1153}
            "field_page_start" => "115"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1154}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1155}
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        2 => App\Models\Branch {#1156
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 1389456
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Закон сохранения импульса"
            "field_branch_order" => "27"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1160
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1157
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:7 [
                    "id" => 32
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Параграф"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
                      "field_accusative_case" => "Параграф"
                      "field_creative_case" => "Параграфом"
                      "field_dative_case" => "Параграфу"
                      "field_genitive_case" => "Параграфа"
                      "field_nominative_case" => "Параграф"
                      "field_prepositional_case" => "Параграфе"
                    ]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => null
                    "field_short_name" => "§"
                  ]
                  #original: array:7 [
                    "id" => 32
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Параграф"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
                      "field_accusative_case" => "Параграф"
                      "field_creative_case" => "Параграфом"
                      "field_dative_case" => "Параграфу"
                      "field_genitive_case" => "Параграфа"
                      "field_nominative_case" => "Параграф"
                      "field_prepositional_case" => "Параграфе"
                    ]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => null
                    "field_short_name" => "§"
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "119"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1159
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1120}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1168
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1167
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "branches"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1389452
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_display_title" => "4. Законы сохранения"
                    "field_branch_order" => null
                    "field_url" => null
                    "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1169
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_page_start" => "115"
                    "field_branch_display" => "0"
                    "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
                    "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
                    "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
                    "field_navigation_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_branch_cover" => []
                    "field_branch_covers" => []
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1170
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1171
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                  ]
                  #original: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1389452
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_display_title" => "4. Законы сохранения"
                    "field_branch_order" => null
                    "field_url" => null
                    "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1169}
                    "field_page_start" => "115"
                    "field_branch_display" => "0"
                    "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
                    "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
                    "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
                    "field_navigation_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_branch_cover" => []
                    "field_branch_covers" => []
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1170}
                    "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1171}
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 1389456
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Закон сохранения импульса"
            "field_branch_order" => "27"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1160}
            "field_page_start" => "119"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1159}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1168}
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        3 => App\Models\Branch {#1161
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 1389458
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Задачи"
            "field_branch_order" => null
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1158
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "123"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1164
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1120}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1177
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1176
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "branches"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1389456
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_display_title" => "Закон сохранения импульса"
                    "field_branch_order" => "27"
                    "field_url" => null
                    "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1178
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_page_start" => "119"
                    "field_branch_display" => "0"
                    "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
                    "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
                    "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
                    "field_navigation_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_branch_cover" => []
                    "field_branch_covers" => []
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1179
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1180
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                  ]
                  #original: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1389456
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_display_title" => "Закон сохранения импульса"
                    "field_branch_order" => "27"
                    "field_url" => null
                    "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1178}
                    "field_page_start" => "119"
                    "field_branch_display" => "0"
                    "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
                    "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
                    "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
                    "field_navigation_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_branch_cover" => []
                    "field_branch_covers" => []
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1179}
                    "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1180}
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 1389458
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Задачи"
            "field_branch_order" => null
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1158}
            "field_page_start" => "123"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1164}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1177}
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071
      #items: array:2 [
        0 => App\Models\Element {#1099
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "elements"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:7 [
            "id" => 1640193
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1089
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1097
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "editions"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:21 [
                    "id" => 5810
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Условие"
                    "field_order" => "1"
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_content_type" => "free"
                    "field_content_mode" => "text, image"
                    "field_page_content_mode" => "image"
                    "field_content_text_checked" => null
                    "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_solution_author" => "Автор"
                    "field_moderator" => "stas"
                    "field_edition_type" => "statement"
                    "field_root_dir" => "0-"
                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1096
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_comment" => null
                    "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1093
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_process_formula" => "katex"
                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1094
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_content_source" => null
                  ]
                  #original: array:21 [
                    "id" => 5810
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Условие"
                    "field_order" => "1"
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095}
                    "field_content_type" => "free"
                    "field_content_mode" => "text, image"
                    "field_page_content_mode" => "image"
                    "field_content_text_checked" => null
                    "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_solution_author" => "Автор"
                    "field_moderator" => "stas"
                    "field_edition_type" => "statement"
                    "field_root_dir" => "0-"
                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1096}
                    "field_comment" => null
                    "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1093}
                    "field_process_formula" => "katex"
                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1094}
                    "field_content_source" => null
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1389885"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "text" => "<p><strong>2.</strong> Граната массой 1 кг, летящая со скоростью 20 м/с на запад, разрывается на два осколка. Один массой 0,2 кг начинает двигаться со скоростью 500 м/с в направлении полёта гранаты. В каком направлении и с какой скоростью полетит другой осколок?</p>"
            "img" => array:1 [
              0 => array:5 [
                "name" => "2-1.jpg"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "1681"
                "height" => 264
                "path" => "/media/fizika_10/kasyanov-u/0-27zad/2-1.webp?ts=1757952761"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          #original: array:7 [
            "id" => 1640193
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1089}
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1389885"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "text" => "<p><strong>2.</strong> Граната массой 1 кг, летящая со скоростью 20 м/с на запад, разрывается на два осколка. Один массой 0,2 кг начинает двигаться со скоростью 500 м/с в направлении полёта гранаты. В каком направлении и с какой скоростью полетит другой осколок?</p>"
            "img" => array:1 [
              0 => array:5 [
                "name" => "2-1.jpg"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "1681"
                "height" => 264
                "path" => "/media/fizika_10/kasyanov-u/0-27zad/2-1.webp?ts=1757952761"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        1 => App\Models\Element {#1092
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "elements"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:6 [
            "id" => 1692897
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1083
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1091
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "editions"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:21 [
                    "id" => 6145
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Решение"
                    "field_order" => "2"
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1087
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_content_type" => "free"
                    "field_content_mode" => "text"
                    "field_page_content_mode" => ""
                    "field_content_text_checked" => null
                    "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro"
                    "field_moderator" => "tolik"
                    "field_edition_type" => "solution"
                    "field_root_dir" => "1-"
                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_comment" => null
                    "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1085
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_process_formula" => "katex"
                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_content_source" => null
                  ]
                  #original: array:21 [
                    "id" => 6145
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Решение"
                    "field_order" => "2"
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1087}
                    "field_content_type" => "free"
                    "field_content_mode" => "text"
                    "field_page_content_mode" => ""
                    "field_content_text_checked" => null
                    "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro"
                    "field_moderator" => "tolik"
                    "field_edition_type" => "solution"
                    "field_root_dir" => "1-"
                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088}
                    "field_comment" => null
                    "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1085}
                    "field_process_formula" => "katex"
                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086}
                    "field_content_source" => null
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1389885"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "text" => "<p><strong>Дано:</strong></p><p>Масса гранаты, $m = 1$ кг</p><p>Скорость гранаты, $v = 20$ м/с</p><p>Масса первого осколка, $m_1 = 0,2$ кг</p><p>Скорость первого осколка, $v_1 = 500$ м/с</p><p>Все величины даны в системе СИ, перевод не требуется.</p><p><strong>Найти:</strong></p><p>Направление и скорость второго осколка, $v_2 - ?$</p><p><strong>Решение:</strong></p><p>Для решения задачи воспользуемся законом сохранения импульса. Импульс системы до разрыва гранаты равен сумме импульсов осколков после разрыва.</p><p>Запишем закон сохранения импульса в векторной форме:</p><p>$m\vec{v} = m_1\vec{v_1} + m_2\vec{v_2}$</p><p>где $m$ – масса гранаты, $\vec{v}$ – скорость гранаты до разрыва, $m_1$ и $m_2$ – массы осколков, а $\vec{v_1}$ и $\vec{v_2}$ – их скорости после разрыва.</p><p>Сначала найдем массу второго осколка $m_2$:</p><p>$m_2 = m - m_1 = 1 \text{ кг} - 0,2 \text{ кг} = 0,8 \text{ кг}$</p><p>Выберем ось $Ox$, направленную на запад, то есть в направлении первоначального полета гранаты. Тогда проекции скоростей $\vec{v}$ и $\vec{v_1}$ на эту ось будут положительными.</p><p>Запишем закон сохранения импульса в проекции на ось $Ox$:</p><p>$m v = m_1 v_1 + m_2 v_2$</p><p>Из этого уравнения выразим скорость второго осколка $v_2$:</p><p>$m_2 v_2 = m v - m_1 v_1$</p><p>$v_2 = \frac{m v - m_1 v_1}{m_2}$</p><p>Подставим числовые значения в формулу:</p><p>$v_2 = \frac{1 \text{ кг} \cdot 20 \text{ м/с} - 0,2 \text{ кг} \cdot 500 \text{ м/с}}{0,8 \text{ кг}} = \frac{20 - 100}{0,8} = \frac{-80}{0,8} = -100 \text{ м/с}$</p><p>Знак "минус" в результате означает, что скорость второго осколка направлена в сторону, противоположную выбранной оси $Ox$, то есть на восток.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> второй осколок полетит в направлении, противоположном полету гранаты (на восток), со скоростью 100 м/с.</p>"
          ]
          #original: array:6 [
            "id" => 1692897
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1083}
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1389885"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "text" => "<p><strong>Дано:</strong></p><p>Масса гранаты, $m = 1$ кг</p><p>Скорость гранаты, $v = 20$ м/с</p><p>Масса первого осколка, $m_1 = 0,2$ кг</p><p>Скорость первого осколка, $v_1 = 500$ м/с</p><p>Все величины даны в системе СИ, перевод не требуется.</p><p><strong>Найти:</strong></p><p>Направление и скорость второго осколка, $v_2 - ?$</p><p><strong>Решение:</strong></p><p>Для решения задачи воспользуемся законом сохранения импульса. Импульс системы до разрыва гранаты равен сумме импульсов осколков после разрыва.</p><p>Запишем закон сохранения импульса в векторной форме:</p><p>$m\vec{v} = m_1\vec{v_1} + m_2\vec{v_2}$</p><p>где $m$ – масса гранаты, $\vec{v}$ – скорость гранаты до разрыва, $m_1$ и $m_2$ – массы осколков, а $\vec{v_1}$ и $\vec{v_2}$ – их скорости после разрыва.</p><p>Сначала найдем массу второго осколка $m_2$:</p><p>$m_2 = m - m_1 = 1 \text{ кг} - 0,2 \text{ кг} = 0,8 \text{ кг}$</p><p>Выберем ось $Ox$, направленную на запад, то есть в направлении первоначального полета гранаты. Тогда проекции скоростей $\vec{v}$ и $\vec{v_1}$ на эту ось будут положительными.</p><p>Запишем закон сохранения импульса в проекции на ось $Ox$:</p><p>$m v = m_1 v_1 + m_2 v_2$</p><p>Из этого уравнения выразим скорость второго осколка $v_2$:</p><p>$m_2 v_2 = m v - m_1 v_1$</p><p>$v_2 = \frac{m v - m_1 v_1}{m_2}$</p><p>Подставим числовые значения в формулу:</p><p>$v_2 = \frac{1 \text{ кг} \cdot 20 \text{ м/с} - 0,2 \text{ кг} \cdot 500 \text{ м/с}}{0,8 \text{ кг}} = \frac{20 - 100}{0,8} = \frac{-80}{0,8} = -100 \text{ м/с}$</p><p>Знак "минус" в результате означает, что скорость второго осколка направлена в сторону, противоположную выбранной оси $Ox$, то есть на восток.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> второй осколок полетит в направлении, противоположном полету гранаты (на восток), со скоростью 100 м/с.</p>"
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "next" => array:2 [
      "refs" => "1389886"
      "type" => "task"
    ]
    "previous" => array:2 [
      "refs" => "1389884"
      "type" => "task"
    ]
    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102
      #items: array:1 [
        0 => App\Models\Book {#1120}
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "page" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1075
      #items: array:1 [
        0 => App\Models\BookPage {#1104
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "book_pages"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:21 [
            "id" => 1390772
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_page_start" => "124"
            "field_url" => "/10-klass/fizika/kasyanov-uchebnik/page-124"
            "field_display_title" => "124"
            "field_folder" => "1"
            "field_image_name" => "124"
            "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1084
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_weight" => "0"
            "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1120}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1080
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Element {#1114
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "elements"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [
                    "id" => 1641272
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1115 …2}
                    "book_page" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "img" => array:1 [ …1]
                  ]
                  #original: array:6 [
                    "id" => 1641272
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1115 …2}
                    "book_page" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "img" => array:1 [ …1]
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "next" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1390773"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
            "previous" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1390771"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
            "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1279
              #items: array:4 [
                0 => App\Models\Task {#1289
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1389885
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_page_start" => "124"
                    "field_page_end" => null
                    "field_url" => "/10-klass/fizika/kasyanov-uchebnik/27zad-2"
                    "field_display_title" => "2"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1290 …2}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_match" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => []
                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1291 …2}
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1292 …2}
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1293 …2}
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1294 …2}
                    "next" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "previous" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1295 …2}
                    "page" => array:2 [ …2]
                  ]
                  #original: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1389885
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_page_start" => "124"
                    "field_page_end" => null
                    "field_url" => "/10-klass/fizika/kasyanov-uchebnik/27zad-2"
                    "field_display_title" => "2"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1290 …2}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_match" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => []
                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1291 …2}
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1292 …2}
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1293 …2}
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1294 …2}
                    "next" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "previous" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1295 …2}
                    "page" => array:2 [ …2]
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
                1 => App\Models\Task {#1296
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1389886
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_page_start" => "124"
                    "field_page_end" => null
                    "field_url" => "/10-klass/fizika/kasyanov-uchebnik/27zad-3"
                    "field_display_title" => "3"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1297 …2}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_match" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => []
                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1298 …2}
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1299 …2}
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1300 …2}
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1302 …2}
                    "next" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "previous" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1308 …2}
                    "page" => array:2 [ …2]
                  ]
                  #original: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1389886
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_page_start" => "124"
                    "field_page_end" => null
                    "field_url" => "/10-klass/fizika/kasyanov-uchebnik/27zad-3"
                    "field_display_title" => "3"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1297 …2}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_match" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => []
                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1298 …2}
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1299 …2}
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1300 …2}
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1302 …2}
                    "next" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "previous" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1308 …2}
                    "page" => array:2 [ …2]
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
                2 => App\Models\Task {#1303
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1389887
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_page_start" => "124"
                    "field_page_end" => null
                    "field_url" => "/10-klass/fizika/kasyanov-uchebnik/27zad-4"
                    "field_display_title" => "4"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1301 …2}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_match" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => []
                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1310 …2}
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1306 …2}
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1304 …2}
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1305 …2}
                    "next" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "previous" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1320 …2}
                    "page" => array:2 [ …2]
                  ]
                  #original: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1389887
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_page_start" => "124"
                    "field_page_end" => null
                    "field_url" => "/10-klass/fizika/kasyanov-uchebnik/27zad-4"
                    "field_display_title" => "4"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1301 …2}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_match" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => []
                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1310 …2}
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1306 …2}
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1304 …2}
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1305 …2}
                    "next" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "previous" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1320 …2}
                    "page" => array:2 [ …2]
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
                3 => App\Models\Task {#1315
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1389888
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_page_start" => "124"
                    "field_page_end" => null
                    "field_url" => "/10-klass/fizika/kasyanov-uchebnik/27zad-5"
                    "field_display_title" => "5"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1307 …2}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_match" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => []
                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1322 …2}
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1318 …2}
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1316 …2}
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1317 …2}
                    "next" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "previous" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1332 …2}
                    "page" => array:2 [ …2]
                  ]
                  #original: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1389888
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_page_start" => "124"
                    "field_page_end" => null
                    "field_url" => "/10-klass/fizika/kasyanov-uchebnik/27zad-5"
                    "field_display_title" => "5"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1307 …2}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_match" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => []
                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1322 …2}
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1318 …2}
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1316 …2}
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1317 …2}
                    "next" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "previous" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1332 …2}
                    "page" => array:2 [ …2]
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:21 [
            "id" => 1390772
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_page_start" => "124"
            "field_url" => "/10-klass/fizika/kasyanov-uchebnik/page-124"
            "field_display_title" => "124"
            "field_folder" => "1"
            "field_image_name" => "124"
            "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1084}
            "field_weight" => "0"
            "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082}
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1080}
            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113}
            "next" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1390773"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
            "previous" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1390771"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
            "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1279}
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
  ]
  #original: array:24 [
    "id" => 1389885
    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
    "updated_at" => null
    "field_page_start" => "124"
    "field_page_end" => null
    "field_url" => "/10-klass/fizika/kasyanov-uchebnik/27zad-2"
    "field_display_title" => "2"
    "field_outside_task" => null
    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037}
    "field_metatags_title" => null
    "field_metatags_description" => null
    "field_h1" => null
    "field_description_top" => null
    "field_description_bottom" => null
    "field_match" => null
    "breadcrumbs" => []
    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1035}
    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073}
    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1108}
    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071}
    "next" => array:2 [
      "refs" => "1389886"
      "type" => "task"
    ]
    "previous" => array:2 [
      "refs" => "1389884"
      "type" => "task"
    ]
    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102}
    "page" => array:2 [
      "refs" => "1390772"
      "type" => "book_page"
    ]
  ]
  #changes: []
  #casts: []
  #classCastCache: []
  #attributeCastCache: []
  #dateFormat: null
  #appends: []
  #dispatchesEvents: []
  #observables: []
  #relations: []
  #touches: []
  +timestamps: true
  +usesUniqueIds: false
  #hidden: []
  #visible: []
  #fillable: []
  #guarded: array:1 [
    0 => "*"
  ]
}
№2 (с. 124)
Условие. №2 (с. 124)
скриншот условия
Физика, 10 класс Учебник, автор: Касьянов Валерий Алексеевич, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2021, белого цвета, страница 124, номер 2, Условие

2. Граната массой 1 кг, летящая со скоростью 20 м/с на запад, разрывается на два осколка. Один массой 0,2 кг начинает двигаться со скоростью 500 м/с в направлении полёта гранаты. В каком направлении и с какой скоростью полетит другой осколок?

Решение. №2 (с. 124)

Дано:

Масса гранаты, $m = 1$ кг

Скорость гранаты, $v = 20$ м/с

Масса первого осколка, $m_1 = 0,2$ кг

Скорость первого осколка, $v_1 = 500$ м/с

Все величины даны в системе СИ, перевод не требуется.

Найти:

Направление и скорость второго осколка, $v_2 - ?$

Решение:

Для решения задачи воспользуемся законом сохранения импульса. Импульс системы до разрыва гранаты равен сумме импульсов осколков после разрыва.

Запишем закон сохранения импульса в векторной форме:

$m\vec{v} = m_1\vec{v_1} + m_2\vec{v_2}$

где $m$ – масса гранаты, $\vec{v}$ – скорость гранаты до разрыва, $m_1$ и $m_2$ – массы осколков, а $\vec{v_1}$ и $\vec{v_2}$ – их скорости после разрыва.

Сначала найдем массу второго осколка $m_2$:

$m_2 = m - m_1 = 1 \text{ кг} - 0,2 \text{ кг} = 0,8 \text{ кг}$

Выберем ось $Ox$, направленную на запад, то есть в направлении первоначального полета гранаты. Тогда проекции скоростей $\vec{v}$ и $\vec{v_1}$ на эту ось будут положительными.

Запишем закон сохранения импульса в проекции на ось $Ox$:

$m v = m_1 v_1 + m_2 v_2$

Из этого уравнения выразим скорость второго осколка $v_2$:

$m_2 v_2 = m v - m_1 v_1$

$v_2 = \frac{m v - m_1 v_1}{m_2}$

Подставим числовые значения в формулу:

$v_2 = \frac{1 \text{ кг} \cdot 20 \text{ м/с} - 0,2 \text{ кг} \cdot 500 \text{ м/с}}{0,8 \text{ кг}} = \frac{20 - 100}{0,8} = \frac{-80}{0,8} = -100 \text{ м/с}$

Знак "минус" в результате означает, что скорость второго осколка направлена в сторону, противоположную выбранной оси $Ox$, то есть на восток.

Ответ: второй осколок полетит в направлении, противоположном полету гранаты (на восток), со скоростью 100 м/с.

Помогло решение? Оставьте отзыв в комментариях ниже.

Присоединяйтесь к Телеграм-группе @top_gdz

Присоединиться

Мы подготовили для вас ответ c подробным объяснением домашего задания по физике за 10 класс, для упражнения номер 2 расположенного на странице 124 к учебнику 2021 года издания для учащихся школ и гимназий.

Теперь на нашем сайте ГДЗ.ТОП вы всегда легко и бесплатно найдёте условие с правильным ответом на вопрос «Как решить ДЗ» и «Как сделать» задание по физике к упражнению №2 (с. 124), автора: Касьянов (Валерий Алексеевич), ФГОС (старый) углублённый уровень обучения учебного пособия издательства Просвещение.