Номер 42, страница 20 - гдз по геометрии 10-11 класс учебник Атанасян, Бутузов

Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета

Авторы: Атанасян Л. С., Бутузов В. Ф., Кадомцев С. Б., Позняк Э. Г., Киселёва Л. С.

Тип: Учебник

Издательство: Просвещение

Год издания: 2019 - 2026

Уровень обучения: базовый и углублённый

Цвет обложки: коричневый с ромбами

ISBN: 978-5-09-103606-0 (2023)

Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации

Математика: алгебра и начала математического анализа, геометрия

Глава 1. Параллельность прямых и плоскостей. Параграф 2. Взаимное расположение прямых в пространстве - номер 42, страница 20.

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                        1 => App\Models\Term {#1043
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                      ]
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                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1058
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                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1059
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                          #table: "terms"
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                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062
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                    "field_link_to_source" => null
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                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1067
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        1 => App\Models\Branch {#1070
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                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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            0 => "*"
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        5 => App\Models\Element {#1120
          #connection: "mysql"
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          #attributes: array:6 [
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            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1121
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1122
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "editions"
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                  #attributes: array:21 [
                    "id" => 5120
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Решение 6"
                    "field_order" => "7"
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1123 …2}
                    "field_content_type" => "free"
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                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1125 …2}
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            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "744457"
              "type" => "task"
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            "text" => "<p><strong>а)</strong></p><p>По условию задачи, <span>$ABCD$</span> — это параллелограмм. Из определения параллелограмма следует, что его противолежащие стороны параллельны. Таким образом, прямая <span>$CD$</span> параллельна прямой <span>$AB$</span> (<span>$CD \parallel AB$</span>).</p><p>Также по условию, <span>$ABEK$</span> — это трапеция с основанием <span>$EK$</span>. В трапеции основания параллельны. Сторона <span>$AB$</span> противолежит основанию <span>$EK$</span>, следовательно, <span>$AB$</span> является вторым основанием трапеции. Таким образом, прямая <span>$AB$</span> параллельна прямой <span>$EK$</span> (<span>$AB \parallel EK$</span>).</p><p>Итак, мы имеем, что <span>$CD \parallel AB$</span> и <span>$AB \parallel EK$</span>. В стереометрии существует теорема: если две прямые параллельны третьей прямой, то они параллельны между собой. Применяя эту теорему, получаем, что <span>$CD \parallel EK$</span>.</p><p>Так как по условию фигуры не лежат в одной плоскости, то прямые <span>$CD$</span> и <span>$EK$</span> не совпадают.</p><p>Ответ: Прямые <span>$CD$</span> и <span>$EK$</span> параллельны.</p><p><strong>б)</strong></p><p>По условию, в трапецию <span>$ABEK$</span> можно вписать окружность. Четырёхугольник, в который можно вписать окружность, называется описанным. Для описанного четырёхугольника (и, в частности, для трапеции) справедливо свойство, известное как теорема Пито: суммы длин противолежащих сторон равны.</p><p>Для трапеции <span>$ABEK$</span> это свойство означает, что сумма длин оснований (<span>$AB$</span> и <span>$EK$</span>) равна сумме длин боковых сторон (<span>$BE$</span> и <span>$KA$</span>):</p><p><span>$AB + EK = BE + KA$</span></p><p>Периметр трапеции <span>$P_{ABEK}$</span> равен сумме длин всех её сторон:</p><p><span>$P_{ABEK} = AB + BE + EK + KA$</span></p><p>Сгруппируем слагаемые: <span>$P_{ABEK} = (AB + EK) + (BE + KA)$</span>.</p><p>Так как <span>$BE + KA = AB + EK$</span>, мы можем подставить это выражение в формулу периметра:</p><p><span>$P_{ABEK} = (AB + EK) + (AB + EK) = 2 \cdot (AB + EK)$</span></p><p>Подставим в полученную формулу числовые значения из условия: <span>$AB = 22,5$</span> см и <span>$EK = 27,5$</span> см.</p><p><span>$P_{ABEK} = 2 \cdot (22,5 + 27,5) = 2 \cdot 50 = 100$</span> см.</p><p>Ответ: 100 см.</p>"
          ]
          #original: array:6 [
            "id" => 1351770
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1121}
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "744457"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "text" => "<p><strong>а)</strong></p><p>По условию задачи, <span>$ABCD$</span> — это параллелограмм. Из определения параллелограмма следует, что его противолежащие стороны параллельны. Таким образом, прямая <span>$CD$</span> параллельна прямой <span>$AB$</span> (<span>$CD \parallel AB$</span>).</p><p>Также по условию, <span>$ABEK$</span> — это трапеция с основанием <span>$EK$</span>. В трапеции основания параллельны. Сторона <span>$AB$</span> противолежит основанию <span>$EK$</span>, следовательно, <span>$AB$</span> является вторым основанием трапеции. Таким образом, прямая <span>$AB$</span> параллельна прямой <span>$EK$</span> (<span>$AB \parallel EK$</span>).</p><p>Итак, мы имеем, что <span>$CD \parallel AB$</span> и <span>$AB \parallel EK$</span>. В стереометрии существует теорема: если две прямые параллельны третьей прямой, то они параллельны между собой. Применяя эту теорему, получаем, что <span>$CD \parallel EK$</span>.</p><p>Так как по условию фигуры не лежат в одной плоскости, то прямые <span>$CD$</span> и <span>$EK$</span> не совпадают.</p><p>Ответ: Прямые <span>$CD$</span> и <span>$EK$</span> параллельны.</p><p><strong>б)</strong></p><p>По условию, в трапецию <span>$ABEK$</span> можно вписать окружность. Четырёхугольник, в который можно вписать окружность, называется описанным. Для описанного четырёхугольника (и, в частности, для трапеции) справедливо свойство, известное как теорема Пито: суммы длин противолежащих сторон равны.</p><p>Для трапеции <span>$ABEK$</span> это свойство означает, что сумма длин оснований (<span>$AB$</span> и <span>$EK$</span>) равна сумме длин боковых сторон (<span>$BE$</span> и <span>$KA$</span>):</p><p><span>$AB + EK = BE + KA$</span></p><p>Периметр трапеции <span>$P_{ABEK}$</span> равен сумме длин всех её сторон:</p><p><span>$P_{ABEK} = AB + BE + EK + KA$</span></p><p>Сгруппируем слагаемые: <span>$P_{ABEK} = (AB + EK) + (BE + KA)$</span>.</p><p>Так как <span>$BE + KA = AB + EK$</span>, мы можем подставить это выражение в формулу периметра:</p><p><span>$P_{ABEK} = (AB + EK) + (AB + EK) = 2 \cdot (AB + EK)$</span></p><p>Подставим в полученную формулу числовые значения из условия: <span>$AB = 22,5$</span> см и <span>$EK = 27,5$</span> см.</p><p><span>$P_{ABEK} = 2 \cdot (22,5 + 27,5) = 2 \cdot 50 = 100$</span> см.</p><p>Ответ: 100 см.</p>"
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    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1128
      #items: array:1 [
        0 => App\Models\Book {#1032}
      ]
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    "page" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1420
      #items: array:1 [
        0 => App\Models\BookPage {#1132
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          #attributes: array:21 [
            "id" => 933802
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_page_start" => "20"
            "field_url" => "/10-klass/geometrija/atanasjan-uchebnik/page-20"
            "field_display_title" => "20"
            "field_folder" => "1"
            "field_image_name" => "20"
            "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_weight" => "0"
            "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1137
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "books"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
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                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
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                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:50 [ …50]
                  #original: array:50 [ …50]
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                  +timestamps: true
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                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
              ]
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            "field_metatags_title" => null
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            "field_h1" => null
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            "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1172
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1173
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Element {#1174
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "elements"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [ …6]
                  #original: array:6 [ …6]
                  #changes: []
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                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
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                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
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                  #hidden: []
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                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "next" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "933803"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
            "previous" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "933801"
              "type" => "book_page"
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            "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1182
              #items: array:10 [
                0 => App\Models\Task {#1183
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [ …24]
                  #original: array:24 [ …24]
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                  +timestamps: true
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                  #hidden: []
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                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
                1 => App\Models\Task {#1247
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
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                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [ …24]
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                  +timestamps: true
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                  #hidden: []
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                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
                2 => App\Models\Task {#1266
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [ …24]
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                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
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                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
                3 => App\Models\Task {#1285
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
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                  #attributes: array:24 [ …24]
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                }
                4 => App\Models\Task {#1304
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
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                  #attributes: array:24 [ …24]
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                  +timestamps: true
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                  #hidden: []
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                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
                5 => App\Models\Task {#1323
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [ …24]
                  #original: array:24 [ …24]
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                  +timestamps: true
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                  #hidden: []
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                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
                6 => App\Models\Task {#1342
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
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                  #attributes: array:24 [ …24]
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                }
                7 => App\Models\Task {#1361
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
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                  #perPage: 15
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                  #attributes: array:24 [ …24]
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                }
                8 => App\Models\Task {#1380
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
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                  #attributes: array:24 [ …24]
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                }
                9 => App\Models\Task {#1399
                  #connection: "mysql"
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                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
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№42 (с. 20)
Условие. №42 (с. 20)
скриншот условия
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 20, номер 42, Условие

42. Даны параллелограмм ABCD и трапеция АВЕK с основанием ЕK, не лежащие в одной плоскости.

а) Выясните взаимное расположение прямых CD и ЕK.

б) Найдите периметр трапеции, если известно, что в неё можно вписать окружность и АВ = 22,5 см, ЕK = 27,5 см.

Решение 2. №42 (с. 20)
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 20, номер 42, Решение 2
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 20, номер 42, Решение 2 (продолжение 2)
Решение 3. №42 (с. 20)
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 20, номер 42, Решение 3
Решение 4. №42 (с. 20)
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 20, номер 42, Решение 4
Решение 5. №42 (с. 20)
Решение 6. №42 (с. 20)

а)

По условию задачи, $ABCD$ — это параллелограмм. Из определения параллелограмма следует, что его противолежащие стороны параллельны. Таким образом, прямая $CD$ параллельна прямой $AB$ ($CD \parallel AB$).

Также по условию, $ABEK$ — это трапеция с основанием $EK$. В трапеции основания параллельны. Сторона $AB$ противолежит основанию $EK$, следовательно, $AB$ является вторым основанием трапеции. Таким образом, прямая $AB$ параллельна прямой $EK$ ($AB \parallel EK$).

Итак, мы имеем, что $CD \parallel AB$ и $AB \parallel EK$. В стереометрии существует теорема: если две прямые параллельны третьей прямой, то они параллельны между собой. Применяя эту теорему, получаем, что $CD \parallel EK$.

Так как по условию фигуры не лежат в одной плоскости, то прямые $CD$ и $EK$ не совпадают.

Ответ: Прямые $CD$ и $EK$ параллельны.

б)

По условию, в трапецию $ABEK$ можно вписать окружность. Четырёхугольник, в который можно вписать окружность, называется описанным. Для описанного четырёхугольника (и, в частности, для трапеции) справедливо свойство, известное как теорема Пито: суммы длин противолежащих сторон равны.

Для трапеции $ABEK$ это свойство означает, что сумма длин оснований ($AB$ и $EK$) равна сумме длин боковых сторон ($BE$ и $KA$):

$AB + EK = BE + KA$

Периметр трапеции $P_{ABEK}$ равен сумме длин всех её сторон:

$P_{ABEK} = AB + BE + EK + KA$

Сгруппируем слагаемые: $P_{ABEK} = (AB + EK) + (BE + KA)$.

Так как $BE + KA = AB + EK$, мы можем подставить это выражение в формулу периметра:

$P_{ABEK} = (AB + EK) + (AB + EK) = 2 \cdot (AB + EK)$

Подставим в полученную формулу числовые значения из условия: $AB = 22,5$ см и $EK = 27,5$ см.

$P_{ABEK} = 2 \cdot (22,5 + 27,5) = 2 \cdot 50 = 100$ см.

Ответ: 100 см.

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