Номер 525, страница 139 - гдз по геометрии 10-11 класс учебник Атанасян, Бутузов

Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета

Авторы: Атанасян Л. С., Бутузов В. Ф., Кадомцев С. Б., Позняк Э. Г., Киселёва Л. С.

Тип: Учебник

Издательство: Просвещение

Год издания: 2019 - 2026

Уровень обучения: базовый и углублённый

Цвет обложки: коричневый с ромбами

ISBN: 978-5-09-103606-0 (2023)

Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации

Математика: алгебра и начала математического анализа, геометрия

Глава 5. Объёмы тел. Параграф 4. Объём шара и площадь сферы, дополнительные задачи - номер 525, страница 139.

App\Models\Task {#1030 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php
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                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
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                            "field_bio" => null
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                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Людмила"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Сергеевна"
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                          ]
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                      ]
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                    }
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                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1065
                          #connection: "mysql"
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                          ]
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                      ]
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                    "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066
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                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1067
                          #connection: "mysql"
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                            "id" => 9
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
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                            "field_translit" => "rossiya"
                          ]
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                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Россия"
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                      ]
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                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068
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                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1069
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
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                          #withCount: []
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                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 15
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Москва"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "moskva"
                          ]
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                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Москва"
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                      ]
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                    }
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                    }
                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1072
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                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1073
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
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                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 41
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
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                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "bazovyy i uglublennyy"
                          ]
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                            "id" => 41
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
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                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "bazovyy i uglublennyy"
                          ]
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                        }
                      ]
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                    }
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1074
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1075
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
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                          #attributes: array:10 [
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                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
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                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_color" => null
                            "field_end_year" => "2022"
                            "field_start_year" => "2019"
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                            "field_type" => null
                          ]
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                            "updated_at" => null
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                            "field_color" => null
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                          ]
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                      ]
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                    }
                    "field_publication_number" => "11"
                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1076
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1077
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
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                          #with: []
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                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 33
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "стереотипное"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                             …1
                          ]
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                        }
                      ]
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                    }
                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1078
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
                    "field_cover_description" => "с ромбами"
                    "field_publication_year" => "2019"
                    "field_publication_year_until" => null
                    "field_part" => ""
                    "field_part_writing" => ""
                    "field_second_foreign_language" => null
                    "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для общеобразовательных организаций"
                    "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации"
                    "field_reserve_field" => "Математика: алгебра и начала математического анализа, геометрия"
                    "field_link_to_source" => null
                    "field_tasks_count" => "1147"
                    "field_priority" => "12"
                    "field_default_folder" => "/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/"
                    "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-103606-0 (2023)"
                    "field_cover" => array:1 [
                      0 => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1739363242"
                    ]
                    "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [
                      0 => ""
                    ]
                    "field_covers" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:4 [
                        "path" => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1739363242"
                        "alt" => ""
                        "width" => "1200"
                        "height" => "1661"
                      ]
                    ]
                    "field_popular_book" => null
                    "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1079
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1080
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_url" => "/10-klass/geometrija/atanasjan-uchebnik"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1083
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
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                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [ …6]
                          #original: array:6 [ …6]
                          #changes: []
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                          #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                        }
                      ]
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                    }
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
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                    "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
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                    ]
                  ]
                  #original: array:50 [
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                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks"
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                    "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1051}
                    "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052}
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055}
                    "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057}
                    "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063}
                    "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064}
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                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068}
                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070}
                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071}
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1072}
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1074}
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                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1076}
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                    "field_cover_description" => "с ромбами"
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                    "field_part" => ""
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                    "field_second_foreign_language" => null
                    "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для общеобразовательных организаций"
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                    "field_reserve_field" => "Математика: алгебра и начала математического анализа, геометрия"
                    "field_link_to_source" => null
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                    "field_default_folder" => "/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/"
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                      0 => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1739363242"
                    ]
                    "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [
                      0 => ""
                    ]
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                        "alt" => ""
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                      ]
                    ]
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                    "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1080}
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                    "field_url" => "/10-klass/geometrija/atanasjan-uchebnik"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082}
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                    ]
                  ]
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                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1084
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 744392
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Объёмы тел"
            "field_branch_order" => "5"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050}
            "field_page_start" => "116"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
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            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
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            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1084}
          ]
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            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1121
      #items: array:2 [
        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1129
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 744392
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Объёмы тел"
            "field_branch_order" => "5"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1047}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "116"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1049}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 744392
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Объёмы тел"
            "field_branch_order" => "5"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130}
            "field_page_start" => "116"
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            "field_h1" => null
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            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132}
          ]
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            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        1 => App\Models\Branch {#1133
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
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          #attributes: array:24 [
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            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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            "field_branch_order" => "4"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1134
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
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                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
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                  #attributes: array:7 [
                    "id" => 32
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Параграф"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
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                    "field_short_name" => "§"
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                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                    "name" => "Параграф"
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                    0 => "*"
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              ]
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              ]
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            }
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                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045}
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            }
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            "field_branch_order" => "4"
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            "field_page_start" => "138"
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            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135}
          ]
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            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1038
      #items: array:4 [
        0 => App\Models\Element {#1111
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            "id" => 939174
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1108
                  #connection: "mysql"
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                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:21 [
                    "id" => 2315
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Условие"
                    "field_order" => "1"
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1106 …2}
                    "field_content_type" => "free"
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                    "field_content_text_checked" => null
                    "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_solution_author" => "Автор"
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                    "field_edition_type" => "statement"
                    "field_root_dir" => "0-"
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                    "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1105 …2}
                    "field_process_formula" => "wiris"
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                    "field_content_source" => null
                  ]
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                    "id" => 2315
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                    "title" => "Условие"
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                    "field_comment" => null
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                  ]
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                    0 => "*"
                  ]
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              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "744940"
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            "text" => "<p> <b>525.</b> Диагональ боковой грани правильной треугольной призмы равна d и составляет угол φ с плоскостью другой боковой грани. Найдите объём призмы. </p>"
            "img" => array:1 [
              0 => array:5 [
                "name" => "525-1.jpg"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "1561"
                "height" => 220
                "path" => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/0-00/525-1.webp?ts=1739436697"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          #original: array:7 [
            "id" => 939174
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100}
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "744940"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "text" => "<p> <b>525.</b> Диагональ боковой грани правильной треугольной призмы равна d и составляет угол φ с плоскостью другой боковой грани. Найдите объём призмы. </p>"
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                "alt" => null
                "width" => "1561"
                "height" => 220
                "path" => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/0-00/525-1.webp?ts=1739436697"
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            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        1 => App\Models\Element {#1096
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "elements"
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          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
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          #attributes: array:6 [
            "id" => 942078
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1043
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1095
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "editions"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
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                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
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                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1092 …2}
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                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1085 …2}
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                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1089 …2}
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                    "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1090 …2}
                    "field_process_formula" => ""
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                  ]
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                    0 => "*"
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              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
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            "task" => array:2 [
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              "type" => "task"
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            "img" => array:1 [
              0 => array:5 [
                "name" => "525-1.png"
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                "width" => "694"
                "height" => 5609
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          ]
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            "id" => 942078
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            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1043}
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                "name" => "525-1.png"
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            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        2 => App\Models\Element {#1102
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "elements"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
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          #attributes: array:6 [
            "id" => 942016
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1094
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1103
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "editions"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
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                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091 …2}
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                  ]
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                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Решение 3"
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                    "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1097 …2}
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                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091 …2}
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                  ]
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                    0 => "*"
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            "task" => array:2 [
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            "img" => array:1 [
              0 => array:5 [
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                "width" => "1388"
                "height" => 985
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          ]
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            "updated_at" => null
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              "refs" => "744940"
              "type" => "task"
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                "name" => "525-1.jpg"
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                "width" => "1388"
                "height" => 985
                "path" => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/3-00/525-1.webp?ts=1739436979"
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            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        3 => App\Models\Element {#1088
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "elements"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
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          #perPage: 15
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          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:6 [
            "id" => 1352253
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1122
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1087
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "editions"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:21 [
                    "id" => 5120
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Решение 6"
                    "field_order" => "7"
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            "text" => "<p>Обозначим нашу правильную треугольную призму как $ABCA_1B_1C_1$. Основания $ABC$ и $A_1B_1C_1$ — это правильные треугольники, а боковые грани $ABB_1A_1$, $BCC_1B_1$, $CAA_1C_1$ — равные прямоугольники.</p><p>Пусть сторона основания призмы равна $a$ (то есть $AB=BC=AC=a$), а высота призмы равна $h$ (то есть $AA_1=h$).</p><p>Рассмотрим боковую грань $ABB_1A_1$ и её диагональ $A_1B$. По условию, её длина равна $d$, то есть $A_1B = d$. Треугольник $A_1AB$ является прямоугольным с прямым углом $A$, так как призма прямая. По теореме Пифагора имеем:<br>$A_1B^2 = AB^2 + AA_1^2$<br>$d^2 = a^2 + h^2$ (1)</p><p>По условию, диагональ $A_1B$ составляет угол $\phi$ с плоскостью другой боковой грани, например, с плоскостью $(CAA_1C_1)$. Угол между прямой и плоскостью — это угол между этой прямой и её проекцией на данную плоскость. Найдём проекцию отрезка $A_1B$ на плоскость $(CAA_1C_1)$.</p><p>Точка $A_1$ уже лежит в плоскости $(CAA_1C_1)$, поэтому её проекция — это сама точка $A_1$. Чтобы найти проекцию точки $B$, опустим из неё перпендикуляр на плоскость $(CAA_1C_1)$. Проведём в основании $ABC$ высоту $BM$ к стороне $AC$. Поскольку призма правильная, боковое ребро $AA_1$ перпендикулярно плоскости основания $(ABC)$, а значит, и любой прямой в этой плоскости, в том числе $BM$. Итак, $BM \perp AA_1$. Также, по построению $BM \perp AC$. Так как прямая $BM$ перпендикулярна двум пересекающимся прямым ($AA_1$ и $AC$) в плоскости $(CAA_1C_1)$, то она перпендикулярна всей этой плоскости. Следовательно, точка $M$ является ортогональной проекцией точки $B$ на плоскость $(CAA_1C_1)$.</p><p>Таким образом, отрезок $A_1M$ является проекцией диагонали $A_1B$ на плоскость $(CAA_1C_1)$. Угол между наклонной $A_1B$ и её проекцией $A_1M$ и есть заданный угол $\phi$, то есть $\angle BA_1M = \phi$.</p><p>Рассмотрим треугольник $A_1MB$. Так как $BM \perp (CAA_1C_1)$, то $BM \perp A_1M$. Следовательно, треугольник $A_1MB$ — прямоугольный с прямым углом $M$. Из определения синуса в прямоугольном треугольнике:<br>$\sin(\angle BA_1M) = \frac{BM}{A_1B}$<br>$\sin \phi = \frac{BM}{d}$<br>Отсюда находим длину высоты основания $BM$:<br>$BM = d \sin \phi$</p><p>С другой стороны, $BM$ — это высота в правильном треугольнике $ABC$ со стороной $a$. Её длина вычисляется по формуле:<br>$BM = \frac{a\sqrt{3}}{2}$<br>Приравнивая два полученных выражения для $BM$, получаем:<br>$\frac{a\sqrt{3}}{2} = d \sin \phi$<br>Выразим отсюда сторону основания $a$:<br>$a = \frac{2d \sin \phi}{\sqrt{3}}$</p><p>Теперь найдём высоту призмы $h$ из соотношения (1):<br>$h^2 = d^2 - a^2 = d^2 - \left(\frac{2d \sin \phi}{\sqrt{3}}\right)^2 = d^2 - \frac{4d^2 \sin^2{\phi}}{3}$<br>$h^2 = d^2 \left(1 - \frac{4 \sin^2{\phi}}{3}\right) = d^2 \frac{3 - 4 \sin^2{\phi}}{3}$<br>$h = \sqrt{d^2 \frac{3 - 4 \sin^2{\phi}}{3}} = \frac{d\sqrt{3 - 4 \sin^2{\phi}}}{\sqrt{3}}$</p><p>Объём призмы $V$ равен произведению площади её основания $S_{осн}$ на высоту $h$:<br>$V = S_{осн} \cdot h$<br>Площадь основания (правильного треугольника со стороной $a$):<br>$S_{осн} = \frac{a^2\sqrt{3}}{4}$<br>Подставим найденное выражение для $a^2 = \frac{4d^2 \sin^2{\phi}}{3}$:<br>$S_{осн} = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{4} \cdot \frac{4d^2 \sin^2{\phi}}{3} = \frac{d^2 \sqrt{3} \sin^2{\phi}}{3}$</p><p>Наконец, вычислим объём:<br>$V = S_{осн} \cdot h = \left(\frac{d^2 \sqrt{3} \sin^2{\phi}}{3}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{d\sqrt{3 - 4 \sin^2{\phi}}}{\sqrt{3}}\right)$<br>Сократив $\sqrt{3}$, получаем:<br>$V = \frac{d^3 \sin^2{\phi} \sqrt{3 - 4 \sin^2{\phi}}}{3}$</p><p>Ответ: $V = \frac{d^3 \sin^2{\phi} \sqrt{3 - 4 \sin^2{\phi}}}{3}$.</p>"
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            "text" => "<p>Обозначим нашу правильную треугольную призму как $ABCA_1B_1C_1$. Основания $ABC$ и $A_1B_1C_1$ — это правильные треугольники, а боковые грани $ABB_1A_1$, $BCC_1B_1$, $CAA_1C_1$ — равные прямоугольники.</p><p>Пусть сторона основания призмы равна $a$ (то есть $AB=BC=AC=a$), а высота призмы равна $h$ (то есть $AA_1=h$).</p><p>Рассмотрим боковую грань $ABB_1A_1$ и её диагональ $A_1B$. По условию, её длина равна $d$, то есть $A_1B = d$. Треугольник $A_1AB$ является прямоугольным с прямым углом $A$, так как призма прямая. По теореме Пифагора имеем:<br>$A_1B^2 = AB^2 + AA_1^2$<br>$d^2 = a^2 + h^2$ (1)</p><p>По условию, диагональ $A_1B$ составляет угол $\phi$ с плоскостью другой боковой грани, например, с плоскостью $(CAA_1C_1)$. Угол между прямой и плоскостью — это угол между этой прямой и её проекцией на данную плоскость. Найдём проекцию отрезка $A_1B$ на плоскость $(CAA_1C_1)$.</p><p>Точка $A_1$ уже лежит в плоскости $(CAA_1C_1)$, поэтому её проекция — это сама точка $A_1$. Чтобы найти проекцию точки $B$, опустим из неё перпендикуляр на плоскость $(CAA_1C_1)$. Проведём в основании $ABC$ высоту $BM$ к стороне $AC$. Поскольку призма правильная, боковое ребро $AA_1$ перпендикулярно плоскости основания $(ABC)$, а значит, и любой прямой в этой плоскости, в том числе $BM$. Итак, $BM \perp AA_1$. Также, по построению $BM \perp AC$. Так как прямая $BM$ перпендикулярна двум пересекающимся прямым ($AA_1$ и $AC$) в плоскости $(CAA_1C_1)$, то она перпендикулярна всей этой плоскости. Следовательно, точка $M$ является ортогональной проекцией точки $B$ на плоскость $(CAA_1C_1)$.</p><p>Таким образом, отрезок $A_1M$ является проекцией диагонали $A_1B$ на плоскость $(CAA_1C_1)$. Угол между наклонной $A_1B$ и её проекцией $A_1M$ и есть заданный угол $\phi$, то есть $\angle BA_1M = \phi$.</p><p>Рассмотрим треугольник $A_1MB$. Так как $BM \perp (CAA_1C_1)$, то $BM \perp A_1M$. Следовательно, треугольник $A_1MB$ — прямоугольный с прямым углом $M$. Из определения синуса в прямоугольном треугольнике:<br>$\sin(\angle BA_1M) = \frac{BM}{A_1B}$<br>$\sin \phi = \frac{BM}{d}$<br>Отсюда находим длину высоты основания $BM$:<br>$BM = d \sin \phi$</p><p>С другой стороны, $BM$ — это высота в правильном треугольнике $ABC$ со стороной $a$. Её длина вычисляется по формуле:<br>$BM = \frac{a\sqrt{3}}{2}$<br>Приравнивая два полученных выражения для $BM$, получаем:<br>$\frac{a\sqrt{3}}{2} = d \sin \phi$<br>Выразим отсюда сторону основания $a$:<br>$a = \frac{2d \sin \phi}{\sqrt{3}}$</p><p>Теперь найдём высоту призмы $h$ из соотношения (1):<br>$h^2 = d^2 - a^2 = d^2 - \left(\frac{2d \sin \phi}{\sqrt{3}}\right)^2 = d^2 - \frac{4d^2 \sin^2{\phi}}{3}$<br>$h^2 = d^2 \left(1 - \frac{4 \sin^2{\phi}}{3}\right) = d^2 \frac{3 - 4 \sin^2{\phi}}{3}$<br>$h = \sqrt{d^2 \frac{3 - 4 \sin^2{\phi}}{3}} = \frac{d\sqrt{3 - 4 \sin^2{\phi}}}{\sqrt{3}}$</p><p>Объём призмы $V$ равен произведению площади её основания $S_{осн}$ на высоту $h$:<br>$V = S_{осн} \cdot h$<br>Площадь основания (правильного треугольника со стороной $a$):<br>$S_{осн} = \frac{a^2\sqrt{3}}{4}$<br>Подставим найденное выражение для $a^2 = \frac{4d^2 \sin^2{\phi}}{3}$:<br>$S_{осн} = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{4} \cdot \frac{4d^2 \sin^2{\phi}}{3} = \frac{d^2 \sqrt{3} \sin^2{\phi}}{3}$</p><p>Наконец, вычислим объём:<br>$V = S_{осн} \cdot h = \left(\frac{d^2 \sqrt{3} \sin^2{\phi}}{3}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{d\sqrt{3 - 4 \sin^2{\phi}}}{\sqrt{3}}\right)$<br>Сократив $\sqrt{3}$, получаем:<br>$V = \frac{d^3 \sin^2{\phi} \sqrt{3 - 4 \sin^2{\phi}}}{3}$</p><p>Ответ: $V = \frac{d^3 \sin^2{\phi} \sqrt{3 - 4 \sin^2{\phi}}}{3}$.</p>"
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                  #connection: "mysql"
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                  #connection: "mysql"
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№525 (с. 139)
Условие. №525 (с. 139)
скриншот условия
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 139, номер 525, Условие

525. Диагональ боковой грани правильной треугольной призмы равна d и составляет угол φ с плоскостью другой боковой грани. Найдите объём призмы.

Решение 2. №525 (с. 139)
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 139, номер 525, Решение 2
Решение 3. №525 (с. 139)
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 139, номер 525, Решение 3
Решение 6. №525 (с. 139)

Обозначим нашу правильную треугольную призму как $ABCA_1B_1C_1$. Основания $ABC$ и $A_1B_1C_1$ — это правильные треугольники, а боковые грани $ABB_1A_1$, $BCC_1B_1$, $CAA_1C_1$ — равные прямоугольники.

Пусть сторона основания призмы равна $a$ (то есть $AB=BC=AC=a$), а высота призмы равна $h$ (то есть $AA_1=h$).

Рассмотрим боковую грань $ABB_1A_1$ и её диагональ $A_1B$. По условию, её длина равна $d$, то есть $A_1B = d$. Треугольник $A_1AB$ является прямоугольным с прямым углом $A$, так как призма прямая. По теореме Пифагора имеем:
$A_1B^2 = AB^2 + AA_1^2$
$d^2 = a^2 + h^2$ (1)

По условию, диагональ $A_1B$ составляет угол $\phi$ с плоскостью другой боковой грани, например, с плоскостью $(CAA_1C_1)$. Угол между прямой и плоскостью — это угол между этой прямой и её проекцией на данную плоскость. Найдём проекцию отрезка $A_1B$ на плоскость $(CAA_1C_1)$.

Точка $A_1$ уже лежит в плоскости $(CAA_1C_1)$, поэтому её проекция — это сама точка $A_1$. Чтобы найти проекцию точки $B$, опустим из неё перпендикуляр на плоскость $(CAA_1C_1)$. Проведём в основании $ABC$ высоту $BM$ к стороне $AC$. Поскольку призма правильная, боковое ребро $AA_1$ перпендикулярно плоскости основания $(ABC)$, а значит, и любой прямой в этой плоскости, в том числе $BM$. Итак, $BM \perp AA_1$. Также, по построению $BM \perp AC$. Так как прямая $BM$ перпендикулярна двум пересекающимся прямым ($AA_1$ и $AC$) в плоскости $(CAA_1C_1)$, то она перпендикулярна всей этой плоскости. Следовательно, точка $M$ является ортогональной проекцией точки $B$ на плоскость $(CAA_1C_1)$.

Таким образом, отрезок $A_1M$ является проекцией диагонали $A_1B$ на плоскость $(CAA_1C_1)$. Угол между наклонной $A_1B$ и её проекцией $A_1M$ и есть заданный угол $\phi$, то есть $\angle BA_1M = \phi$.

Рассмотрим треугольник $A_1MB$. Так как $BM \perp (CAA_1C_1)$, то $BM \perp A_1M$. Следовательно, треугольник $A_1MB$ — прямоугольный с прямым углом $M$. Из определения синуса в прямоугольном треугольнике:
$\sin(\angle BA_1M) = \frac{BM}{A_1B}$
$\sin \phi = \frac{BM}{d}$
Отсюда находим длину высоты основания $BM$:
$BM = d \sin \phi$

С другой стороны, $BM$ — это высота в правильном треугольнике $ABC$ со стороной $a$. Её длина вычисляется по формуле:
$BM = \frac{a\sqrt{3}}{2}$
Приравнивая два полученных выражения для $BM$, получаем:
$\frac{a\sqrt{3}}{2} = d \sin \phi$
Выразим отсюда сторону основания $a$:
$a = \frac{2d \sin \phi}{\sqrt{3}}$

Теперь найдём высоту призмы $h$ из соотношения (1):
$h^2 = d^2 - a^2 = d^2 - \left(\frac{2d \sin \phi}{\sqrt{3}}\right)^2 = d^2 - \frac{4d^2 \sin^2{\phi}}{3}$
$h^2 = d^2 \left(1 - \frac{4 \sin^2{\phi}}{3}\right) = d^2 \frac{3 - 4 \sin^2{\phi}}{3}$
$h = \sqrt{d^2 \frac{3 - 4 \sin^2{\phi}}{3}} = \frac{d\sqrt{3 - 4 \sin^2{\phi}}}{\sqrt{3}}$

Объём призмы $V$ равен произведению площади её основания $S_{осн}$ на высоту $h$:
$V = S_{осн} \cdot h$
Площадь основания (правильного треугольника со стороной $a$):
$S_{осн} = \frac{a^2\sqrt{3}}{4}$
Подставим найденное выражение для $a^2 = \frac{4d^2 \sin^2{\phi}}{3}$:
$S_{осн} = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{4} \cdot \frac{4d^2 \sin^2{\phi}}{3} = \frac{d^2 \sqrt{3} \sin^2{\phi}}{3}$

Наконец, вычислим объём:
$V = S_{осн} \cdot h = \left(\frac{d^2 \sqrt{3} \sin^2{\phi}}{3}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{d\sqrt{3 - 4 \sin^2{\phi}}}{\sqrt{3}}\right)$
Сократив $\sqrt{3}$, получаем:
$V = \frac{d^3 \sin^2{\phi} \sqrt{3 - 4 \sin^2{\phi}}}{3}$

Ответ: $V = \frac{d^3 \sin^2{\phi} \sqrt{3 - 4 \sin^2{\phi}}}{3}$.

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