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Номер 2, страница 106 - гдз по химии 10 класс учебник Еремин, Кузьменко
Авторы: Еремин В. В., Кузьменко Н. Е., Теренин В. И., Дроздов А. А., Лунин В. В.
Тип: Учебник
Издательство: Просвещение, Дрофа
Год издания: 2019 - 2026
Уровень обучения: базовый
Цвет обложки: белый, красный с молекулами
ISBN: 978-5-09-099533-7 (2022)
Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации
Популярные ГДЗ в 10 классе
Глава 3. Кислород- и азотсодержащие органические соединения. Параграф 17. Жиры - номер 2, страница 106.
App\Models\Task {#1030 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 850269 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "106" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/10-klass/himiya/eremin-uchebnik-bazovyj/17-2" "field_display_title" => "2" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1036 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1035 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1080 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1034 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 850076 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Кислород- и азотсодержащие органические соединения" "field_branch_order" => "3" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1039 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1038 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "67" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1040 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1041 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 871 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1042 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1044 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1046 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1049 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1058 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066 …2} "field_publication_number" => "9" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => "доктор химических наук, академика РАН" "field_cover_description" => "с молекулами" "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => null "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации" "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "314" "field_priority" => "8" "field_default_folder" => "/himiya_10/Eremin-u19/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-099533-7 (2022)" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => null "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1072 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073 …2} "field_url" => "/10-klass/himiya/eremin-uchebnik-bazovyj" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1074 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 871 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1042 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1044 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1046 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1049 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1058 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066 …2} "field_publication_number" => "9" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => "доктор химических наук, академика РАН" "field_cover_description" => "с молекулами" "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => null "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации" "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "314" "field_priority" => "8" "field_default_folder" => "/himiya_10/Eremin-u19/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-099533-7 (2022)" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => null "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1072 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073 …2} "field_url" => "/10-klass/himiya/eremin-uchebnik-bazovyj" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1074 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1077 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 850076 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Кислород- и азотсодержащие органические соединения" "field_branch_order" => "3" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1039} "field_page_start" => "67" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1040} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1077} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1122 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1130 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 850076 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Кислород- и азотсодержащие органические соединения" "field_branch_order" => "3" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1134 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1131 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "67" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1171 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1133 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 871 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1132 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6495 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Химия" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "himiya" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6495 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Химия" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "himiya" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1137 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5459 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "10" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "desjatyj" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5459 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "10" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "desjatyj" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1138 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1139 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5153 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Просвещение" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "prosveschenie" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5153 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Просвещение" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "prosveschenie" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Term {#1140 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5148 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Дрофа" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "drofa" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5148 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Дрофа" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "drofa" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1141 #items: array:5 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1142 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 4330 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Еремин" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Вадим" "field_patronymic" => "Владимирович" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 4330 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Еремин" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Вадим" "field_patronymic" => "Владимирович" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Term {#1143 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 4876 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Кузьменко" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Николай" "field_patronymic" => "Егорович" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 4876 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Кузьменко" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Николай" "field_patronymic" => "Егорович" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 2 => App\Models\Term {#1144 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 5912 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Теренин" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Владимир" "field_patronymic" => "Ильич" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 5912 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Теренин" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Владимир" "field_patronymic" => "Ильич" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 3 => App\Models\Term {#1145 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 4290 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Дроздов" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Андрей" "field_patronymic" => "Анатольевич" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 4290 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Дроздов" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Андрей" "field_patronymic" => "Анатольевич" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 4 => App\Models\Term {#1146 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 5031 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Лунин" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => "доктор химических наук, академика РАН" "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Валерий" "field_patronymic" => "Васильевич" "field_surname_rp" => "Лунина" ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 5031 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Лунин" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => "доктор химических наук, академика РАН" "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Валерий" "field_patronymic" => "Васильевич" "field_surname_rp" => "Лунина" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1147 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1149 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6671 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Учебник" "field_book_type_foreign" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_plural_form" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "uchebnik" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6671 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Учебник" "field_book_type_foreign" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_plural_form" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "uchebnik" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1150 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1151 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1152 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1153 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1154 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1155 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1156 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1157 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 38 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "базовый" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "bazovyy" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 38 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "базовый" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "bazovyy" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1158 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1159 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6706 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "ФГОС (старый)" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_color" => null "field_end_year" => "2022" "field_start_year" => "2019" "field_translit" => "fgos-old" "field_type" => null ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6706 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "ФГОС (старый)" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_color" => null "field_end_year" => "2022" "field_start_year" => "2019" "field_translit" => "fgos-old" "field_type" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publication_number" => "9" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1160 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1161 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 33 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "стереотипное" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "stereotipnoe" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 33 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "стереотипное" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "stereotipnoe" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1162 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1146} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition_degree" => "доктор химических наук, академика РАН" "field_cover_description" => "с молекулами" "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => null "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации" "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "314" "field_priority" => "8" "field_default_folder" => "/himiya_10/Eremin-u19/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-099533-7 (2022)" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/himiya_10/Eremin-u19/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1743927644" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/himiya_10/Eremin-u19/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1743927644" "alt" => "" "width" => "1444" "height" => "2154" ] ] "field_popular_book" => null "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1163 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1164 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1165 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_url" => "/10-klass/himiya/eremin-uchebnik-bazovyj" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1166 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1167 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 45 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "белый" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "belyy" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 45 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "белый" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "belyy" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Term {#1168 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 46 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "красный" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "krasnyy" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 46 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "красный" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "krasnyy" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 381 "subject" => 558 "class_subject" => 500 ] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 871 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1138} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1141} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1147} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1150} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1152} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1154} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1155} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1156} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1158} "field_publication_number" => "9" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1160} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1162} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => "доктор химических наук, академика РАН" "field_cover_description" => "с молекулами" "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => null "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации" "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "314" "field_priority" => "8" "field_default_folder" => "/himiya_10/Eremin-u19/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-099533-7 (2022)" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/himiya_10/Eremin-u19/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1743927644" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/himiya_10/Eremin-u19/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1743927644" "alt" => "" "width" => "1444" "height" => "2154" ] ] "field_popular_book" => null "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1163} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1164} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1165} "field_url" => "/10-klass/himiya/eremin-uchebnik-bazovyj" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1166} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 381 "subject" => 558 "class_subject" => 500 ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1169 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 850076 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Кислород- и азотсодержащие органические соединения" "field_branch_order" => "3" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1134} "field_page_start" => "67" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1171} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1169} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Branch {#1170 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 850085 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Жиры" "field_branch_order" => "17" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1175 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1172 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 32 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Параграф" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => "§" ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 32 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Параграф" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => "§" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "101" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1174 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1133} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1173 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1034} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 850085 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Жиры" "field_branch_order" => "17" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1175} "field_page_start" => "101" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1174} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1173} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1106 #items: array:3 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1097 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 1023618 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1091 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 4494 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1094 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => null "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "pasha" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1093 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1092 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 4494 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1094 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => null "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "pasha" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1093 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1092 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "850269" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>2.</strong> Напишите структурную формулу твёрдого жира, образованного только одной карбоновой кислотой и содержащего 51 атом углерода в молекуле.</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "2-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "863" "height" => 138 "path" => "/media/himiya_10/Eremin-u19/0-17/2-1.webp?ts=1744029017" ] ] ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 1023618 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "850269" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>2.</strong> Напишите структурную формулу твёрдого жира, образованного только одной карбоновой кислотой и содержащего 51 атом углерода в молекуле.</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "2-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "863" "height" => 138 "path" => "/media/himiya_10/Eremin-u19/0-17/2-1.webp?ts=1744029017" ] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Element {#1090 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1023626 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1129 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1089 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 4495 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1084 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "image" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Гайдукевич" "field_moderator" => "pasha" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1085 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081 …2} "field_process_formula" => "" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1079 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 4495 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1084 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "image" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Гайдукевич" "field_moderator" => "pasha" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1085 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081 …2} "field_process_formula" => "" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1079 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "850269" "type" => "task" ] "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "2-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "760" "height" => 492 "path" => "/media/himiya_10/Eremin-u19/1-17/2-1.webp?ts=1744029024" ] ] ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1023626 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1129} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "850269" "type" => "task" ] "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "2-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "760" "height" => 492 "path" => "/media/himiya_10/Eremin-u19/1-17/2-1.webp?ts=1744029024" ] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 2 => App\Models\Element {#1121 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1499071 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1179 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1120 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 5484 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение 2" "field_order" => "3" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1123 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => null "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "2-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1126 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1124 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1176 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 5484 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение 2" "field_order" => "3" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1123 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => null "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "2-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1126 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1124 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1176 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "850269" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>Дано:</strong></p><p><span>Твёрдый жир (триглицерид).</span><br><span>Образован одной карбоновой кислотой.</span><br><span>Общее число атомов углерода в молекуле жира $N_C = 51$.</span></p><p><strong>Найти:</strong></p><p><span>Структурная формула жира - ?</span></p><p><strong>Решение:</strong></p><p><span>Жиры, или триглицериды, являются сложными эфирами трёхатомного спирта глицерина и высших карбоновых кислот. По условию, жир образован только одной карбоновой кислотой, следовательно, он является простым триглицеридом, и все три ацильных остатка в его молекуле одинаковы.</span><br><span>Общая формула такого жира:</span><br>$ \begin{array}{l} \large CH_2-O-CO-R \\ \large | \\ \large CH-O-CO-R \\ \large | \\ \large CH_2-O-CO-R \end{array} $<br><span>где $R$ — углеводородный радикал карбоновой кислоты.</span></p><p><span>1. Найдём общее число атомов углерода, приходящееся на три кислотных остатка. Глицериновый остаток ($CH_2-CH-CH_2$) вносит в молекулу 3 атома углерода. Следовательно, на три кислотных остатка приходится:</span><br>$51 \text{ (всего C)} - 3 \text{ (C в глицерине)} = 48 \text{ атомов углерода.}$</p><p><span>2. Поскольку все три кислотных остатка одинаковы, найдём число атомов углерода в одном кислотном остатке. Кислотный остаток имеет формулу $-CO-R$.</span><br>$48 / 3 = 16 \text{ атомов углерода.}$</p><p><span>3. Определим формулу карбоновой кислоты. Исходная карбоновая кислота ($R-COOH$) содержит столько же атомов углерода, сколько и её остаток, то есть 16.</span><br><span>Условие, что жир является твёрдым, указывает на то, что он образован насыщенной (предельной) карбоновой кислотой. Общая формула насыщенных одноосновных карбоновых кислот — $C_nH_{2n+1}COOH$.</span><br><span>Общее число атомов углерода в такой кислоте равно $n + 1$.</span><br><span>Составляем уравнение:</span><br>$n + 1 = 16$<br>$n = 15$<br><span>Следовательно, формула кислоты — $C_{15}H_{31}COOH$. Это пальмитиновая кислота (гексадекановая кислота).</span></p><p><span>4. Запишем структурную формулу жира. Он представляет собой триглицерид пальмитиновой кислоты (трипальмитин), где радикал $R$ это $C_{15}H_{31}$, который можно представить как $-(CH_2)_{14}-CH_3$.</span><br><span>Структурная формула жира:</span></p><p>$ \begin{array}{l} \large CH_2 - O - CO - (CH_2)_{14} - CH_3 \\ \large | \\ \large CH - O - CO - (CH_2)_{14} - CH_3 \\ \large | \\ \large CH_2 - O - CO - (CH_2)_{14} - CH_3 \end{array} $</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong></p><p><span>Структурная формула твёрдого жира, содержащего 51 атом углерода, — это формула трипальмитина:</span><br><br>$ \begin{array}{l} \large CH_2 - O - CO - (CH_2)_{14} - CH_3 \\ \large | \\ \large CH - O - CO - (CH_2)_{14} - CH_3 \\ \large | \\ \large CH_2 - O - CO - (CH_2)_{14} - CH_3 \end{array} $</p>" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1499071 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1179} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "850269" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>Дано:</strong></p><p><span>Твёрдый жир (триглицерид).</span><br><span>Образован одной карбоновой кислотой.</span><br><span>Общее число атомов углерода в молекуле жира $N_C = 51$.</span></p><p><strong>Найти:</strong></p><p><span>Структурная формула жира - ?</span></p><p><strong>Решение:</strong></p><p><span>Жиры, или триглицериды, являются сложными эфирами трёхатомного спирта глицерина и высших карбоновых кислот. По условию, жир образован только одной карбоновой кислотой, следовательно, он является простым триглицеридом, и все три ацильных остатка в его молекуле одинаковы.</span><br><span>Общая формула такого жира:</span><br>$ \begin{array}{l} \large CH_2-O-CO-R \\ \large | \\ \large CH-O-CO-R \\ \large | \\ \large CH_2-O-CO-R \end{array} $<br><span>где $R$ — углеводородный радикал карбоновой кислоты.</span></p><p><span>1. Найдём общее число атомов углерода, приходящееся на три кислотных остатка. Глицериновый остаток ($CH_2-CH-CH_2$) вносит в молекулу 3 атома углерода. Следовательно, на три кислотных остатка приходится:</span><br>$51 \text{ (всего C)} - 3 \text{ (C в глицерине)} = 48 \text{ атомов углерода.}$</p><p><span>2. Поскольку все три кислотных остатка одинаковы, найдём число атомов углерода в одном кислотном остатке. Кислотный остаток имеет формулу $-CO-R$.</span><br>$48 / 3 = 16 \text{ атомов углерода.}$</p><p><span>3. Определим формулу карбоновой кислоты. Исходная карбоновая кислота ($R-COOH$) содержит столько же атомов углерода, сколько и её остаток, то есть 16.</span><br><span>Условие, что жир является твёрдым, указывает на то, что он образован насыщенной (предельной) карбоновой кислотой. Общая формула насыщенных одноосновных карбоновых кислот — $C_nH_{2n+1}COOH$.</span><br><span>Общее число атомов углерода в такой кислоте равно $n + 1$.</span><br><span>Составляем уравнение:</span><br>$n + 1 = 16$<br>$n = 15$<br><span>Следовательно, формула кислоты — $C_{15}H_{31}COOH$. Это пальмитиновая кислота (гексадекановая кислота).</span></p><p><span>4. Запишем структурную формулу жира. Он представляет собой триглицерид пальмитиновой кислоты (трипальмитин), где радикал $R$ это $C_{15}H_{31}$, который можно представить как $-(CH_2)_{14}-CH_3$.</span><br><span>Структурная формула жира:</span></p><p>$ \begin{array}{l} \large CH_2 - O - CO - (CH_2)_{14} - CH_3 \\ \large | \\ \large CH - O - CO - (CH_2)_{14} - CH_3 \\ \large | \\ \large CH_2 - O - CO - (CH_2)_{14} - CH_3 \end{array} $</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong></p><p><span>Структурная формула твёрдого жира, содержащего 51 атом углерода, — это формула трипальмитина:</span><br><br>$ \begin{array}{l} \large CH_2 - O - CO - (CH_2)_{14} - CH_3 \\ \large | \\ \large CH - O - CO - (CH_2)_{14} - CH_3 \\ \large | \\ \large CH_2 - O - CO - (CH_2)_{14} - CH_3 \end{array} $</p>" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "850270" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "850268" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1101 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1133} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1112 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\BookPage {#1110 #connection: "mysql" #table: "book_pages" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 948028 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "106" "field_url" => "/10-klass/himiya/eremin-uchebnik-bazovyj/page-106" "field_display_title" => "106" "field_folder" => "1" "field_image_name" => "106" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1096 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1127 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1133} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1119 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1100 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1123202 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102 …2} "book_page" => array:2 [ …2] "img" => array:1 [ …1] ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1123202 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102 …2} "book_page" => array:2 [ …2] "img" => array:1 [ …1] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "948029" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "948027" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1288 #items: array:5 [ 0 => App\Models\Task {#1300 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 850268 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "106" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/10-klass/himiya/eremin-uchebnik-bazovyj/17-1" "field_display_title" => "1" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1301 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1302 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1303 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1304 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1330 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1331 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 850268 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "106" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/10-klass/himiya/eremin-uchebnik-bazovyj/17-1" "field_display_title" => "1" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1301 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1302 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1303 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1304 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1330 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1331 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Task {#1329 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 850269 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "106" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/10-klass/himiya/eremin-uchebnik-bazovyj/17-2" "field_display_title" => "2" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1332 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1333 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1334 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1335 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1336 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1337 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 850269 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "106" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/10-klass/himiya/eremin-uchebnik-bazovyj/17-2" "field_display_title" => "2" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1332 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1333 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1334 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1335 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1336 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1337 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 2 => App\Models\Task {#1338 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 850270 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "106" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/10-klass/himiya/eremin-uchebnik-bazovyj/17-3" "field_display_title" => "3" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1339 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1340 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1341 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1342 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1360 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1367 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 850270 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "106" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/10-klass/himiya/eremin-uchebnik-bazovyj/17-3" "field_display_title" => "3" …17 ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 3 => App\Models\Task {#1351 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 4 => App\Models\Task {#1381 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 948028 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "106" "field_url" => "/10-klass/himiya/eremin-uchebnik-bazovyj/page-106" "field_display_title" => "106" "field_folder" => "1" "field_image_name" => "106" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1096} "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1127} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1119} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "948029" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "948027" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1288} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 850269 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "106" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/10-klass/himiya/eremin-uchebnik-bazovyj/17-2" "field_display_title" => "2" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1035} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1080} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1122} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1106} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "850270" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "850268" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1101} "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "948028" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] }
№2 (с. 106)
Условие. №2 (с. 106)
скриншот условия
2. Напишите структурную формулу твёрдого жира, образованного только одной карбоновой кислотой и содержащего 51 атом углерода в молекуле.
Решение. №2 (с. 106)
Решение 2. №2 (с. 106)
Дано:
Твёрдый жир (триглицерид).
Образован одной карбоновой кислотой.
Общее число атомов углерода в молекуле жира $N_C = 51$.
Найти:
Структурная формула жира - ?
Решение:
Жиры, или триглицериды, являются сложными эфирами трёхатомного спирта глицерина и высших карбоновых кислот. По условию, жир образован только одной карбоновой кислотой, следовательно, он является простым триглицеридом, и все три ацильных остатка в его молекуле одинаковы.
Общая формула такого жира:
$ \begin{array}{l} \large CH_2-O-CO-R \\ \large | \\ \large CH-O-CO-R \\ \large | \\ \large CH_2-O-CO-R \end{array} $
где $R$ — углеводородный радикал карбоновой кислоты.
1. Найдём общее число атомов углерода, приходящееся на три кислотных остатка. Глицериновый остаток ($CH_2-CH-CH_2$) вносит в молекулу 3 атома углерода. Следовательно, на три кислотных остатка приходится:
$51 \text{ (всего C)} - 3 \text{ (C в глицерине)} = 48 \text{ атомов углерода.}$
2. Поскольку все три кислотных остатка одинаковы, найдём число атомов углерода в одном кислотном остатке. Кислотный остаток имеет формулу $-CO-R$.
$48 / 3 = 16 \text{ атомов углерода.}$
3. Определим формулу карбоновой кислоты. Исходная карбоновая кислота ($R-COOH$) содержит столько же атомов углерода, сколько и её остаток, то есть 16.
Условие, что жир является твёрдым, указывает на то, что он образован насыщенной (предельной) карбоновой кислотой. Общая формула насыщенных одноосновных карбоновых кислот — $C_nH_{2n+1}COOH$.
Общее число атомов углерода в такой кислоте равно $n + 1$.
Составляем уравнение:
$n + 1 = 16$
$n = 15$
Следовательно, формула кислоты — $C_{15}H_{31}COOH$. Это пальмитиновая кислота (гексадекановая кислота).
4. Запишем структурную формулу жира. Он представляет собой триглицерид пальмитиновой кислоты (трипальмитин), где радикал $R$ это $C_{15}H_{31}$, который можно представить как $-(CH_2)_{14}-CH_3$.
Структурная формула жира:
$ \begin{array}{l} \large CH_2 - O - CO - (CH_2)_{14} - CH_3 \\ \large | \\ \large CH - O - CO - (CH_2)_{14} - CH_3 \\ \large | \\ \large CH_2 - O - CO - (CH_2)_{14} - CH_3 \end{array} $
Ответ:
Структурная формула твёрдого жира, содержащего 51 атом углерода, — это формула трипальмитина:
$ \begin{array}{l} \large CH_2 - O - CO - (CH_2)_{14} - CH_3 \\ \large | \\ \large CH - O - CO - (CH_2)_{14} - CH_3 \\ \large | \\ \large CH_2 - O - CO - (CH_2)_{14} - CH_3 \end{array} $
Другие задания:
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