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Номер 2, страница 77 - гдз по биологии 11 класс учебник Пасечник, Каменский
Авторы: Пасечник В. В., Каменский А. А., Рубцов А. М., Швецов Г. Г., Абовян Л. А., Гапонюк З. Г.
Тип: Учебник
Серия: линия жизни
Издательство: Просвещение
Год издания: 2019 - 2026
Уровень обучения: углублённый
ISBN: 978-5-09-087486-1 (2022)
Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации
Популярные ГДЗ в 11 классе
Глава 1. Популяционно-видовой уровень. Параграф 10. Принципы классификации. Систематика. Готовимся к экзамену - номер 2, страница 77.
App\Models\Task {#1024 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1451142 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "77" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/11-klass/biologija/pasechnik/10-6-2" "field_display_title" => "2" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#331 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1029 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1026 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#342 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1023 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1450905 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Популяционно-видовой уровень" "field_branch_order" => "1" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#333 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1033 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "5" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1030 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1032 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 2964 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1034 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1036 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1038 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1040 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1047 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1048 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1054 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059 …2} "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => "доктора педагогических наук" "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации" "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "387" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-087486-1 (2022)" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066 …2} "field_url" => "/11-klass/biologija/pasechnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 2964 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1034 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1036 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1038 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1040 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1047 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1048 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1054 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059 …2} "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => "доктора педагогических наук" "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации" "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "387" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-087486-1 (2022)" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066 …2} "field_url" => "/11-klass/biologija/pasechnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1450905 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Популяционно-видовой уровень" "field_branch_order" => "1" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#333} "field_page_start" => "5" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1030} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1069 #items: array:3 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1070 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1450905 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Популяционно-видовой уровень" "field_branch_order" => "1" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1072 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "5" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1074 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 2964 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1075 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1076 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6475 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Биология" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "biologiya" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6475 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Биология" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "biologiya" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1077 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1078 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5460 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "11" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "odinadcatyj" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5460 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "11" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "odinadcatyj" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1079 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1080 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5153 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Просвещение" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "prosveschenie" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5153 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Просвещение" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "prosveschenie" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081 #items: array:6 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1082 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 5420 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Пасечник" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => "доктора педагогических наук" "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Владимир" "field_patronymic" => "Васильевич" "field_surname_rp" => "Пасечника" ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 5420 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Пасечник" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => "доктора педагогических наук" "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Владимир" "field_patronymic" => "Васильевич" "field_surname_rp" => "Пасечника" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Term {#1083 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 4539 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Каменский" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => "доктора биологических наук" "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Андрей" "field_patronymic" => "Александрович" "field_surname_rp" => "Каменского" ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 4539 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Каменский" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => "доктора биологических наук" "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Андрей" "field_patronymic" => "Александрович" "field_surname_rp" => "Каменского" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 2 => App\Models\Term {#1084 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 5627 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Рубцов" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => "доктора биологических наук" "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Александр" "field_patronymic" => "Михайлович" "field_surname_rp" => "Рубцова" ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 5627 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Рубцов" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => "доктора биологических наук" "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Александр" "field_patronymic" => "Михайлович" "field_surname_rp" => "Рубцова" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 3 => App\Models\Term {#1085 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 6304 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Швецов" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => "кандидата педагогических наук" "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Глеб" "field_patronymic" => "Геннадьевич" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 6304 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Швецов" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => "кандидата педагогических наук" "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Глеб" "field_patronymic" => "Геннадьевич" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 4 => App\Models\Term {#1086 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 6898 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Абовян" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Леван" "field_patronymic" => "Арташесович" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 6898 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Абовян" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Леван" "field_patronymic" => "Арташесович" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 5 => App\Models\Term {#1087 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 4086 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Гапонюк" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => "кандидата педагогических наук" "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Зоя" "field_patronymic" => "Георгиевна" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 4086 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Гапонюк" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => "кандидата педагогических наук" "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Зоя" "field_patronymic" => "Георгиевна" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1089 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1090 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6671 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Учебник" "field_book_type_foreign" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_plural_form" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "uchebnik" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6671 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Учебник" "field_book_type_foreign" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_plural_form" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "uchebnik" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1092 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1093 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1094 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1096 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:8 [ "id" => 4725 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "линия жизни" "field_cases" => null "field_foreign_lang_series" => null "field_transcription_eng" => null "field_translit" => "liniya zhizni" ] #original: array:8 [ "id" => 4725 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "линия жизни" "field_cases" => null "field_foreign_lang_series" => null "field_transcription_eng" => null "field_translit" => "liniya zhizni" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1097 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1099 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 39 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "углублённый" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "uglublennyy" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 39 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "углублённый" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "uglublennyy" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1101 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6706 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "ФГОС (старый)" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_color" => null "field_end_year" => "2022" "field_start_year" => "2019" "field_translit" => "fgos-old" "field_type" => null ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6706 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "ФГОС (старый)" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_color" => null "field_end_year" => "2022" "field_start_year" => "2019" "field_translit" => "fgos-old" "field_type" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1103 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 33 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "стереотипное" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "stereotipnoe" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 33 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "стереотипное" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "stereotipnoe" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1104 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1082} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition_degree" => "доктора педагогических наук" "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации" "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "387" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-087486-1 (2022)" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759691562" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759691562" "alt" => "" "width" => "1200" "height" => "1584" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1105 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1106 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1107 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_url" => "/11-klass/biologija/pasechnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1108 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 382 "subject" => 552 "class_subject" => 462 ] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 2964 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1075} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1077} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1079} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1089} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1093} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1097} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100} "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1104} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => "доктора педагогических наук" "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации" "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "387" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-087486-1 (2022)" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759691562" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759691562" "alt" => "" "width" => "1200" "height" => "1584" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1105} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1106} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1107} "field_url" => "/11-klass/biologija/pasechnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1108} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 382 "subject" => 552 "class_subject" => 462 ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1450905 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Популяционно-видовой уровень" "field_branch_order" => "1" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071} "field_page_start" => "5" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Branch {#1110 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1450935 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Принципы классификации. Систематика" "field_branch_order" => "10" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1111 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1112 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 32 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Параграф" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => "§" ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 32 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Параграф" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => "§" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "72" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1074} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1114 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1023} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1450935 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Принципы классификации. Систематика" "field_branch_order" => "10" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1111} "field_page_start" => "72" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1114} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 2 => App\Models\Branch {#1115 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1450938 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Готовимся к экзамену" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1116 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "77" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1117 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1074} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1118 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1119 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1450935 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Принципы классификации. Систематика" "field_branch_order" => "10" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1120 …2} "field_page_start" => "72" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1121 …2} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1122 …2} ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1450935 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Принципы классификации. Систематика" "field_branch_order" => "10" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1120 …2} "field_page_start" => "72" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1121 …2} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1122 …2} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1450938 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Готовимся к экзамену" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1116} "field_page_start" => "77" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1117} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1118} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1123 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1124 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 1741328 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1125 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1126 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 6254 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1127 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "pasha" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1129 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130 …2} "field_process_formula" => "" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 6254 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1127 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "pasha" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1129 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130 …2} "field_process_formula" => "" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1451142" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>2.</strong> ЗАДАЧИ НА ЗАКОН ХАРДИ—ВАЙНБЕРГА</p><p><strong>По алгоритму на с. 42 решите задачи на использование закона Харди—Вайнберга.</strong></p><p><strong>1.</strong> В одном племени, которое обитает в джунглях возле реки Амазонки и уже более 500 лет не имеет контактов с представителями какой-либо другой человеческой популяции, 9 % индейцев имеют I группу крови. Каков процент встречаемости в этом племени носителей IV группы крови, если известно, что частоты доминантных аллелей данного гена встречаются в племени поровну?</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Фенилтиокарбамид — это белое кристаллическое вещество, которое одни люди (около 70 % всего человечества) считают горьким на вкус, а другие — безвкусным. Неспособность ощущать вкус этого вещества обусловлена отсутствием (или неактивностью) одного из рецепторных белков. Реакция организма на это вещество определяется одним геном, и способность ощущать вкус фенилтиокарбамида является доминантной. Известно, что частота рецессивного гена нечувствительности к фенилтиокарбамиду среди различных групп населения Земли составляет у европеоидов 0,5, у монголоидов 0,65, а у негроидов 0,45. Вычислите частоту встречаемости лиц, чувствительных к фенилтиокарбамиду, среди популяций каждой из этих групп.</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "2-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "930" "height" => 551 "path" => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/0-10-6/2-1.webp?ts=1760354501" ] ] ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 1741328 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1125} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1451142" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>2.</strong> ЗАДАЧИ НА ЗАКОН ХАРДИ—ВАЙНБЕРГА</p><p><strong>По алгоритму на с. 42 решите задачи на использование закона Харди—Вайнберга.</strong></p><p><strong>1.</strong> В одном племени, которое обитает в джунглях возле реки Амазонки и уже более 500 лет не имеет контактов с представителями какой-либо другой человеческой популяции, 9 % индейцев имеют I группу крови. Каков процент встречаемости в этом племени носителей IV группы крови, если известно, что частоты доминантных аллелей данного гена встречаются в племени поровну?</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Фенилтиокарбамид — это белое кристаллическое вещество, которое одни люди (около 70 % всего человечества) считают горьким на вкус, а другие — безвкусным. Неспособность ощущать вкус этого вещества обусловлена отсутствием (или неактивностью) одного из рецепторных белков. Реакция организма на это вещество определяется одним геном, и способность ощущать вкус фенилтиокарбамида является доминантной. Известно, что частота рецессивного гена нечувствительности к фенилтиокарбамиду среди различных групп населения Земли составляет у европеоидов 0,5, у монголоидов 0,65, а у негроидов 0,45. Вычислите частоту встречаемости лиц, чувствительных к фенилтиокарбамиду, среди популяций каждой из этих групп.</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "2-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "930" "height" => 551 "path" => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/0-10-6/2-1.webp?ts=1760354501" ] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Element {#1132 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1741741 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1133 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1134 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 6255 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение 1" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "image" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Инна" "field_moderator" => "pasha" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1138 …2} "field_process_formula" => "" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 6255 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение 1" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "image" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Инна" "field_moderator" => "pasha" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1138 …2} "field_process_formula" => "" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1451142" "type" => "task" ] "img" => array:3 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "2-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "2146" "height" => 633 "path" => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/1-10-6/2-1.webp?ts=1760354586" ] 1 => array:5 [ "name" => "2-2.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1992" "height" => 3001 "path" => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/1-10-6/2-2.webp?ts=1760354586" ] 2 => array:5 [ "name" => "2-3.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1992" "height" => 1172 "path" => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/1-10-6/2-3.webp?ts=1760354586" ] ] ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1741741 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1133} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1451142" "type" => "task" ] "img" => array:3 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "2-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "2146" "height" => 633 "path" => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/1-10-6/2-1.webp?ts=1760354586" ] 1 => array:5 [ "name" => "2-2.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1992" "height" => 3001 "path" => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/1-10-6/2-2.webp?ts=1760354586" ] 2 => array:5 [ "name" => "2-3.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1992" "height" => 1172 "path" => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/1-10-6/2-3.webp?ts=1760354586" ] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1451143" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1451141" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1140 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1074} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1155 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\BookPage {#1154 #connection: "mysql" #table: "book_pages" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 1451513 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "77" "field_url" => "/11-klass/biologija/pasechnik/page-77" "field_display_title" => "77" "field_folder" => "1" "field_image_name" => "77" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1156 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1194 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1157 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 2964 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1159 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1160 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1162 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1164 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1171 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1172 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1174 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1176 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1178 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1180 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1181 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1183 …2} "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1185 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1187 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => "доктора педагогических наук" "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации" "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "387" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-087486-1 (2022)" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1188 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1189 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1190 …2} "field_url" => "/11-klass/biologija/pasechnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1191 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 2964 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1159 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1160 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1162 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1164 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1171 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1172 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1174 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1176 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1178 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1180 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1181 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1183 …2} "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1185 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1187 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => "доктора педагогических наук" "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации" "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "387" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-087486-1 (2022)" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1188 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1189 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1190 …2} "field_url" => "/11-klass/biologija/pasechnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1191 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1192 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1203 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1202 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1741234 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1212 …2} "book_page" => array:2 [ …2] "img" => array:1 [ …1] ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1741234 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1212 …2} "book_page" => array:2 [ …2] "img" => array:1 [ …1] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1451514" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1451512" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1438 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Task {#1195 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1451141 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "77" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/11-klass/biologija/pasechnik/10-6-1" "field_display_title" => "1" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1193 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1199 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1197 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1249 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1303 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1320 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1451141 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "77" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/11-klass/biologija/pasechnik/10-6-1" "field_display_title" => "1" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1193 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1199 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1197 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1249 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1303 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1320 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Task {#1321 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1451142 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null …21 ] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 1451513 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "77" "field_url" => "/11-klass/biologija/pasechnik/page-77" "field_display_title" => "77" "field_folder" => "1" "field_image_name" => "77" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1156} "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1194} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1192} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1203} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1451514" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1451512" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1438} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1451142 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "77" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/11-klass/biologija/pasechnik/10-6-2" "field_display_title" => "2" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#331} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1026} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#342} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1069} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1123} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1451143" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1451141" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1140} "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1451513" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] }
№2 (с. 77)
Условие. №2 (с. 77)
скриншот условия
2. ЗАДАЧИ НА ЗАКОН ХАРДИ—ВАЙНБЕРГА
По алгоритму на с. 42 решите задачи на использование закона Харди—Вайнберга.
1. В одном племени, которое обитает в джунглях возле реки Амазонки и уже более 500 лет не имеет контактов с представителями какой-либо другой человеческой популяции, 9 % индейцев имеют I группу крови. Каков процент встречаемости в этом племени носителей IV группы крови, если известно, что частоты доминантных аллелей данного гена встречаются в племени поровну?
2. Фенилтиокарбамид — это белое кристаллическое вещество, которое одни люди (около 70 % всего человечества) считают горьким на вкус, а другие — безвкусным. Неспособность ощущать вкус этого вещества обусловлена отсутствием (или неактивностью) одного из рецепторных белков. Реакция организма на это вещество определяется одним геном, и способность ощущать вкус фенилтиокарбамида является доминантной. Известно, что частота рецессивного гена нечувствительности к фенилтиокарбамиду среди различных групп населения Земли составляет у европеоидов 0,5, у монголоидов 0,65, а у негроидов 0,45. Вычислите частоту встречаемости лиц, чувствительных к фенилтиокарбамиду, среди популяций каждой из этих групп.
Решение 1. №2 (с. 77)
Другие задания:
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