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Номер 1, страница 89 - гдз по биологии 11 класс учебник Пасечник, Каменский
Авторы: Пасечник В. В., Каменский А. А., Рубцов А. М., Швецов Г. Г., Абовян Л. А., Гапонюк З. Г.
Тип: Учебник
Серия: линия жизни
Издательство: Просвещение
Год издания: 2019 - 2026
Уровень обучения: углублённый
ISBN: 978-5-09-087486-1 (2022)
Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации
Популярные ГДЗ в 11 классе
Глава 2. Экосистемный уровень. Параграф 12. Экологические факторы и ресурсы. Проверьте себя - номер 1, страница 89.
App\Models\Task {#1024 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1451161 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "89" "field_page_end" => "91" "field_url" => "/11-klass/biologija/pasechnik/12-lab-1" "field_display_title" => "1" "field_outside_task" => "0" "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#331 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1029 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1026 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#342 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1023 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1450939 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Экосистемный уровень" "field_branch_order" => "2" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#333 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1033 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "79" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1030 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1032 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 2964 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1034 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1036 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1038 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1040 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1047 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1048 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1054 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059 …2} "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => "доктора педагогических наук" "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации" "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "387" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-087486-1 (2022)" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066 …2} "field_url" => "/11-klass/biologija/pasechnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 2964 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1034 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1036 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1038 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1040 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1047 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1048 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1054 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059 …2} "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => "доктора педагогических наук" "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации" "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "387" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-087486-1 (2022)" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066 …2} "field_url" => "/11-klass/biologija/pasechnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1450939 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Экосистемный уровень" "field_branch_order" => "2" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#333} "field_page_start" => "79" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1030} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1069 #items: array:3 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1023} 1 => App\Models\Branch {#1070 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1450943 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Экологические факторы и ресурсы" "field_branch_order" => "12" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1072 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 32 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Параграф" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => "§" ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 32 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Параграф" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => "§" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "86" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1074 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 2964 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1075 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1077 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1079 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1089 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1093 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1097 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100 …2} "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1104 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => "доктора педагогических наук" "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации" "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "387" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-087486-1 (2022)" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1105 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1106 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1107 …2} "field_url" => "/11-klass/biologija/pasechnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1108 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 2964 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1075 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1077 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1079 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1089 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1093 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1097 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100 …2} "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1104 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => "доктора педагогических наук" "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации" "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "387" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-087486-1 (2022)" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1105 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1106 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1107 …2} "field_url" => "/11-klass/biologija/pasechnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1108 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1110 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1450939 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Экосистемный уровень" "field_branch_order" => "2" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1111 …2} "field_page_start" => "79" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113 …2} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1114 …2} ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1450939 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Экосистемный уровень" "field_branch_order" => "2" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1111 …2} "field_page_start" => "79" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113 …2} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1114 …2} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1450943 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Экологические факторы и ресурсы" "field_branch_order" => "12" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071} "field_page_start" => "86" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 2 => App\Models\Branch {#1115 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1450945 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Проверьте себя" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1116 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "88" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1117 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1118 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 2964 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1119 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1121 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1123 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1125 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1133 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1141 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1142 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144 …2} "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => "доктора педагогических наук" "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации" "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "387" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-087486-1 (2022)" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1149 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1150 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1151 …2} "field_url" => "/11-klass/biologija/pasechnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1152 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 2964 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1119 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1121 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1123 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1125 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1133 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1141 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1142 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144 …2} "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => "доктора педагогических наук" "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации" "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "387" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-087486-1 (2022)" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1149 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1150 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1151 …2} "field_url" => "/11-klass/biologija/pasechnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1152 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1153 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1154 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1450943 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Экологические факторы и ресурсы" "field_branch_order" => "12" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1155 …2} "field_page_start" => "86" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1157 …2} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1158 …2} ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1450943 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Экологические факторы и ресурсы" "field_branch_order" => "12" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1155 …2} "field_page_start" => "86" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1157 …2} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1158 …2} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1450945 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Проверьте себя" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1116} "field_page_start" => "88" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1117} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1153} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1164 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1165 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 1741380 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1166 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1167 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 6254 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1168 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "pasha" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1170 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1171 …2} "field_process_formula" => "" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1172 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 6254 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1168 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "pasha" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1170 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1171 …2} "field_process_formula" => "" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1172 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1451161" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>ЛАБОРАТОРНАЯ РАБОТА № 2 «Сравнение анатомического строения растений разных мест обитания»</strong></p><p><strong>Цель работы:</strong> выявить особенности анатомического строения растений в связи с приспособлением к различным абиотическим факторам.</p><p><strong>Материал и оборудование:</strong> комнатные растения из разных мест обитания (молочай, алоэ, гибискус, бегония, сенполия, папоротник, элодея, валлиснерия и др.);</p><p></p><ul><li>лезвия безопасной бритвы; пинцеты;</li><li>препаровальные иглы;</li><li>микроскопы;</li><li>предметные и покровные стекла.</li></ul><p></p><p><strong>Ход работы</strong></p><p><strong>1.</strong> Приготовьте микропрепараты кожицы и поперечных срезов листьев разных растений. Кожицу листьев снимают путём надрыва листа. Для лучшего приготовления поперечного среза объект рекомендуется поместить в расщеп кубика картофеля или пенопласта и сделать лезвием срез такого кубика вместе с объектом. Срез, сделанный косым, скользящим движением, должен быть как можно более тонким и прозрачным.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Полученный срез надо перенести на кончике препаровальной иглы в каплю воды на предметном стекле. Накройте объект покровным стеклом и изучите под микроскопом. Для изучения анатомического строения можно использовать готовые микропрепараты.</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Изучите приготовленные микропрепараты, обращая внимание на признаки, указанные в таблице. Результаты исследования занесите в таблицу 1.</p><p><em>Таблица 1. </em>Особенности анатомического строения растений в связи с приспособлением к различным абиотическим факторам</p><div class="table-wrap"><table style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><thead><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><strong>Названия растений</strong></td><td colspan="5" style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><strong>Анатомическая характеристика растений</strong></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><strong>Толщина стенок эпидермиса</strong></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><strong>Наличие кутикулы и волосков на поверхности листа</strong></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><strong>Развитие механической ткани</strong></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><strong>Особенности строения и расположения клеток основной ткани</strong></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><strong>Наличие и расположение устьиц</strong></td></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">1.</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">2.</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">3.</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">4.</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><p><strong>4.</strong> На основе анализа изученных признаков, пользуясь данными, приведёнными в таблицах 2 и 3, укажите принадлежность растений к определённой группе по отношению к условиям увлажнения и световому режиму.</p><p><em>Таблица 2. </em>Приспособительные признаки растений по отношению к водному режиму</p><div class="table-wrap"><table style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><tbody><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Гидатофиты</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Нет устьиц, нет кутикулы, клетки основной ткани не дифференцированы</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Гидрофиты</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Есть эпидермис с устьицами, мякоть листа дифференцирована на столбчатую и губчатую ткани</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Гигрофиты</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Кутикула выражена плохо, могут быть гидатоды для выделения капель жидкой воды</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Мезофиты</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Есть устьица, кутикула тонкая, мякоть листа дифференцирована на столбчатую и губчатую ткани. Проводящие и механические ткани развиты хорошо</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Суккуленты</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Хорошо развита водозапасающая ткань, толстая кутикула, восковой налёт или густое опушение, устьица погружённые</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Склерофиты</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Листья нередко покрыты волосками или восковым налётом. Хорошо развиты механические ткани</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p><em>Примечание к табл. 2.</em> Экологические группы по отношению к водному режиму:</p><p><strong>1)</strong> гидатофиты (растения, целиком или почти целиком погружённые в воду);</p><p><strong>2)</strong> гидрофиты (наземно-водные растения, частично погружённые в воду);</p><p><strong>3)</strong> гигрофиты (наземные растения, живущие в условиях повышенной влажности воздуха);</p><p><strong>4)</strong> мезофиты (растения, которые могут переносить непродолжительную и не очень сильную засуху);</p><p><strong>5)</strong> ксерофиты (растения мест с недостаточным увлажнением, среди которых суккуленты обладают развитой водозапасающей паренхимой, а склерофиты имеют хорошо выраженную механическую ткань, из-за чего кажутся сухими).</p><p><em>Таблица 3.</em> Приспособительные признаки растений по отношению к свету</p><div class="table-wrap"><table style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><tbody><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Светолюбивые растения</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Толстая кутикула, нередко с восковым налётом или опушением, большое число устьиц, клетки эпидермиса мелкие, хорошо развита механическая ткань, столбчатая ткань — двух-трёхслойная, хлоропласты мелкие, в клетках их много</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Теневыносливые растения</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">В зависимости от степени теневыносливости и места произрастания имеют адаптации, сближающие их то со светолюбивыми, то теневыносливыми растениями</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Тенелюбивые растения</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Тонкая кутикула, без воскового налёта, густого опушения, число устьиц небольшое, клетки эпидермиса крупные, механической ткани немного, столбчатая ткань однослойная, хлоропласты крупные, в клетках их немного</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p><em>Примечание к табл. 3.</em> Экологические группы растений по отношению к условиям освещённости:</p><p><strong>1)</strong> светолюбивые (растения открытых, постоянно освещённых мест);</p><p><strong>2)</strong> теневыносливые (растения, которые могут переносить затенение);</p><p><strong>3)</strong> тенелюбивые (растения нижних ярусов тенистых лесов, плохо переносят сильное освещение).</p><p><strong>5.</strong> По результатам работы сделайте выводы.</p>" "img" => array:3 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "1-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "901" "height" => 537 "path" => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/0-12-lab/1-1.webp?ts=1760354509" ] 1 => array:5 [ "name" => "1-2.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "903" "height" => 1319 "path" => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/0-12-lab/1-2.webp?ts=1760354509" ] 2 => array:5 [ "name" => "1-3.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "906" "height" => 982 "path" => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/0-12-lab/1-3.webp?ts=1760354509" ] ] ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 1741380 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1166} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1451161" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>ЛАБОРАТОРНАЯ РАБОТА № 2 «Сравнение анатомического строения растений разных мест обитания»</strong></p><p><strong>Цель работы:</strong> выявить особенности анатомического строения растений в связи с приспособлением к различным абиотическим факторам.</p><p><strong>Материал и оборудование:</strong> комнатные растения из разных мест обитания (молочай, алоэ, гибискус, бегония, сенполия, папоротник, элодея, валлиснерия и др.);</p><p></p><ul><li>лезвия безопасной бритвы; пинцеты;</li><li>препаровальные иглы;</li><li>микроскопы;</li><li>предметные и покровные стекла.</li></ul><p></p><p><strong>Ход работы</strong></p><p><strong>1.</strong> Приготовьте микропрепараты кожицы и поперечных срезов листьев разных растений. Кожицу листьев снимают путём надрыва листа. Для лучшего приготовления поперечного среза объект рекомендуется поместить в расщеп кубика картофеля или пенопласта и сделать лезвием срез такого кубика вместе с объектом. Срез, сделанный косым, скользящим движением, должен быть как можно более тонким и прозрачным.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Полученный срез надо перенести на кончике препаровальной иглы в каплю воды на предметном стекле. Накройте объект покровным стеклом и изучите под микроскопом. Для изучения анатомического строения можно использовать готовые микропрепараты.</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Изучите приготовленные микропрепараты, обращая внимание на признаки, указанные в таблице. Результаты исследования занесите в таблицу 1.</p><p><em>Таблица 1. </em>Особенности анатомического строения растений в связи с приспособлением к различным абиотическим факторам</p><div class="table-wrap"><table style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><thead><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><strong>Названия растений</strong></td><td colspan="5" style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><strong>Анатомическая характеристика растений</strong></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><strong>Толщина стенок эпидермиса</strong></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><strong>Наличие кутикулы и волосков на поверхности листа</strong></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><strong>Развитие механической ткани</strong></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><strong>Особенности строения и расположения клеток основной ткани</strong></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><strong>Наличие и расположение устьиц</strong></td></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">1.</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">2.</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">3.</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">4.</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><p><strong>4.</strong> На основе анализа изученных признаков, пользуясь данными, приведёнными в таблицах 2 и 3, укажите принадлежность растений к определённой группе по отношению к условиям увлажнения и световому режиму.</p><p><em>Таблица 2. </em>Приспособительные признаки растений по отношению к водному режиму</p><div class="table-wrap"><table style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><tbody><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Гидатофиты</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Нет устьиц, нет кутикулы, клетки основной ткани не дифференцированы</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Гидрофиты</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Есть эпидермис с устьицами, мякоть листа дифференцирована на столбчатую и губчатую ткани</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Гигрофиты</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Кутикула выражена плохо, могут быть гидатоды для выделения капель жидкой воды</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Мезофиты</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Есть устьица, кутикула тонкая, мякоть листа дифференцирована на столбчатую и губчатую ткани. Проводящие и механические ткани развиты хорошо</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Суккуленты</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Хорошо развита водозапасающая ткань, толстая кутикула, восковой налёт или густое опушение, устьица погружённые</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Склерофиты</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Листья нередко покрыты волосками или восковым налётом. Хорошо развиты механические ткани</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p><em>Примечание к табл. 2.</em> Экологические группы по отношению к водному режиму:</p><p><strong>1)</strong> гидатофиты (растения, целиком или почти целиком погружённые в воду);</p><p><strong>2)</strong> гидрофиты (наземно-водные растения, частично погружённые в воду);</p><p><strong>3)</strong> гигрофиты (наземные растения, живущие в условиях повышенной влажности воздуха);</p><p><strong>4)</strong> мезофиты (растения, которые могут переносить непродолжительную и не очень сильную засуху);</p><p><strong>5)</strong> ксерофиты (растения мест с недостаточным увлажнением, среди которых суккуленты обладают развитой водозапасающей паренхимой, а склерофиты имеют хорошо выраженную механическую ткань, из-за чего кажутся сухими).</p><p><em>Таблица 3.</em> Приспособительные признаки растений по отношению к свету</p><div class="table-wrap"><table style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><tbody><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Светолюбивые растения</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Толстая кутикула, нередко с восковым налётом или опушением, большое число устьиц, клетки эпидермиса мелкие, хорошо развита механическая ткань, столбчатая ткань — двух-трёхслойная, хлоропласты мелкие, в клетках их много</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Теневыносливые растения</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">В зависимости от степени теневыносливости и места произрастания имеют адаптации, сближающие их то со светолюбивыми, то теневыносливыми растениями</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Тенелюбивые растения</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Тонкая кутикула, без воскового налёта, густого опушения, число устьиц небольшое, клетки эпидермиса крупные, механической ткани немного, столбчатая ткань однослойная, хлоропласты крупные, в клетках их немного</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p><em>Примечание к табл. 3.</em> Экологические группы растений по отношению к условиям освещённости:</p><p><strong>1)</strong> светолюбивые (растения открытых, постоянно освещённых мест);</p><p><strong>2)</strong> теневыносливые (растения, которые могут переносить затенение);</p><p><strong>3)</strong> тенелюбивые (растения нижних ярусов тенистых лесов, плохо переносят сильное освещение).</p><p><strong>5.</strong> По результатам работы сделайте выводы.</p>" "img" => array:3 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "1-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "901" "height" => 537 "path" => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/0-12-lab/1-1.webp?ts=1760354509" ] 1 => array:5 [ "name" => "1-2.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "903" "height" => 1319 "path" => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/0-12-lab/1-2.webp?ts=1760354509" ] 2 => array:5 [ "name" => "1-3.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "906" "height" => 982 "path" => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/0-12-lab/1-3.webp?ts=1760354509" ] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null 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"title" => "Решение 1" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1176 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "image" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Инна" "field_moderator" => "pasha" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1178 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1179 …2} "field_process_formula" => "" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1180 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 6255 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение 1" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1176 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "image" 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"1903" "height" => 1681 "path" => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/1-12-lab/1-1.webp?ts=1760354600" ] 1 => array:5 [ "name" => "1-2.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1911" "height" => 2360 "path" => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/1-12-lab/1-2.webp?ts=1760354600" ] 2 => array:5 [ "name" => "1-3.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1911" "height" => 2360 "path" => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/1-12-lab/1-3.webp?ts=1760354600" ] 3 => array:5 [ "name" => "1-4.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1945" "height" => 3004 "path" => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/1-12-lab/1-4.webp?ts=1760354600" ] 4 => array:5 [ "name" => "1-5.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1945" "height" => 2865 "path" => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/1-12-lab/1-5.webp?ts=1760354600" ] ] ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1741789 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1174} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1451161" "type" => "task" ] "img" => array:5 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "1-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1903" "height" => 1681 "path" => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/1-12-lab/1-1.webp?ts=1760354600" ] 1 => array:5 [ "name" => "1-2.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1911" "height" => 2360 "path" => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/1-12-lab/1-2.webp?ts=1760354600" ] 2 => array:5 [ "name" => "1-3.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1911" "height" => 2360 "path" => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/1-12-lab/1-3.webp?ts=1760354600" ] 3 => array:5 [ "name" => "1-4.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1945" "height" => 3004 "path" => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/1-12-lab/1-4.webp?ts=1760354600" ] 4 => array:5 [ "name" => "1-5.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1945" "height" => 2865 "path" => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/1-12-lab/1-5.webp?ts=1760354600" ] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1451162" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1451160" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1181 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1182 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 2964 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1183 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1184 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6475 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Биология" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "biologiya" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6475 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Биология" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "biologiya" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1185 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1186 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5460 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "11" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "odinadcatyj" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5460 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "11" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "odinadcatyj" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1187 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1188 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5153 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Просвещение" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "prosveschenie" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5153 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Просвещение" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "prosveschenie" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1189 #items: array:6 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1190 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 5420 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Пасечник" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => "доктора педагогических наук" "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Владимир" "field_patronymic" => "Васильевич" "field_surname_rp" => "Пасечника" ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 5420 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Пасечник" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => "доктора педагогических наук" "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Владимир" "field_patronymic" => "Васильевич" "field_surname_rp" => "Пасечника" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Term {#1191 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 4539 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Каменский" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => "доктора биологических наук" "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Андрей" "field_patronymic" => "Александрович" "field_surname_rp" => "Каменского" ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 4539 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Каменский" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => "доктора биологических наук" "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Андрей" "field_patronymic" => "Александрович" "field_surname_rp" => "Каменского" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 2 => App\Models\Term {#1192 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 5627 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Рубцов" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => "доктора биологических наук" "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Александр" "field_patronymic" => "Михайлович" "field_surname_rp" => "Рубцова" ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 5627 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Рубцов" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => "доктора биологических наук" "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Александр" "field_patronymic" => "Михайлович" "field_surname_rp" => "Рубцова" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 3 => App\Models\Term {#1193 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 6304 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Швецов" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => "кандидата педагогических наук" "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Глеб" "field_patronymic" => "Геннадьевич" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 6304 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Швецов" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => "кандидата педагогических наук" "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Глеб" "field_patronymic" => "Геннадьевич" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 4 => App\Models\Term {#1194 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 6898 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Абовян" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Леван" "field_patronymic" => "Арташесович" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 6898 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Абовян" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Леван" "field_patronymic" => "Арташесович" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 5 => App\Models\Term {#1195 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 4086 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Гапонюк" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => "кандидата педагогических наук" "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Зоя" "field_patronymic" => "Георгиевна" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 4086 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" …10 ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1196 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1197 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1198 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ …10] #original: array:10 [ …10] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1199 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1200 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ …6] #original: array:6 [ …6] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1201 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1202 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ …6] #original: array:6 [ …6] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1203 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1204 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:8 [ …8] #original: array:8 [ …8] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1205 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1206 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1207 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ …6] #original: array:6 [ …6] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1208 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1209 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ …10] #original: array:10 [ …10] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1210 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1211 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ …6] #original: array:6 [ …6] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1212 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1190} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition_degree" => "доктора педагогических наук" "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации" "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "387" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-087486-1 (2022)" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => 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=> array:3 [ "class" => 382 "subject" => 552 "class_subject" => 462 ] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 2964 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1183} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1185} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1187} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1189} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1196} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1197} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1199} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1201} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1203} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1205} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1206} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1208} "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1210} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1212} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => "доктора педагогических наук" "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации" "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "387" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-087486-1 (2022)" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759691562" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759691562" "alt" => "" "width" => "1200" "height" => "1584" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1213} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1214} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1215} "field_url" => "/11-klass/biologija/pasechnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1216} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 382 "subject" => 552 "class_subject" => 462 ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1231 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\BookPage {#1230 #connection: "mysql" #table: "book_pages" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 1451525 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "89" "field_url" => "/11-klass/biologija/pasechnik/page-89" "field_display_title" => "89" "field_folder" => "1" "field_image_name" => "89" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1232 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1270 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1233 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ …50] #original: array:50 [ …50] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1268 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1279 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1278 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ …6] #original: array:6 [ …6] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1451526" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1451524" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1474 #items: array:3 [ 0 => App\Models\Task {#1484 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 1 => App\Models\Task {#1687 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 2 => App\Models\Task {#1702 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 1451525 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "89" "field_url" => "/11-klass/biologija/pasechnik/page-89" "field_display_title" => "89" "field_folder" => "1" "field_image_name" => "89" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1232} "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1270} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1268} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1279} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1451526" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1451524" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1474} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1451161 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "89" "field_page_end" => "91" "field_url" => "/11-klass/biologija/pasechnik/12-lab-1" "field_display_title" => "1" "field_outside_task" => "0" "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#331} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1026} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#342} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1069} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1164} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1451162" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1451160" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1181} "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1451525" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] }
№1 (с. 89)
Условие. №1 (с. 89)
скриншот условия
ЛАБОРАТОРНАЯ РАБОТА № 2 «Сравнение анатомического строения растений разных мест обитания»
Цель работы: выявить особенности анатомического строения растений в связи с приспособлением к различным абиотическим факторам.
Материал и оборудование: комнатные растения из разных мест обитания (молочай, алоэ, гибискус, бегония, сенполия, папоротник, элодея, валлиснерия и др.);
- лезвия безопасной бритвы; пинцеты;
- препаровальные иглы;
- микроскопы;
- предметные и покровные стекла.
Ход работы
1. Приготовьте микропрепараты кожицы и поперечных срезов листьев разных растений. Кожицу листьев снимают путём надрыва листа. Для лучшего приготовления поперечного среза объект рекомендуется поместить в расщеп кубика картофеля или пенопласта и сделать лезвием срез такого кубика вместе с объектом. Срез, сделанный косым, скользящим движением, должен быть как можно более тонким и прозрачным.
2. Полученный срез надо перенести на кончике препаровальной иглы в каплю воды на предметном стекле. Накройте объект покровным стеклом и изучите под микроскопом. Для изучения анатомического строения можно использовать готовые микропрепараты.
3. Изучите приготовленные микропрепараты, обращая внимание на признаки, указанные в таблице. Результаты исследования занесите в таблицу 1.
Таблица 1. Особенности анатомического строения растений в связи с приспособлением к различным абиотическим факторам
| Названия растений | Анатомическая характеристика растений | ||||
| Толщина стенок эпидермиса | Наличие кутикулы и волосков на поверхности листа | Развитие механической ткани | Особенности строения и расположения клеток основной ткани | Наличие и расположение устьиц | |
| 1. | |||||
| 2. | |||||
| 3. | |||||
| 4. | |||||
4. На основе анализа изученных признаков, пользуясь данными, приведёнными в таблицах 2 и 3, укажите принадлежность растений к определённой группе по отношению к условиям увлажнения и световому режиму.
Таблица 2. Приспособительные признаки растений по отношению к водному режиму
| Гидатофиты | Нет устьиц, нет кутикулы, клетки основной ткани не дифференцированы |
| Гидрофиты | Есть эпидермис с устьицами, мякоть листа дифференцирована на столбчатую и губчатую ткани |
| Гигрофиты | Кутикула выражена плохо, могут быть гидатоды для выделения капель жидкой воды |
| Мезофиты | Есть устьица, кутикула тонкая, мякоть листа дифференцирована на столбчатую и губчатую ткани. Проводящие и механические ткани развиты хорошо |
| Суккуленты | Хорошо развита водозапасающая ткань, толстая кутикула, восковой налёт или густое опушение, устьица погружённые |
| Склерофиты | Листья нередко покрыты волосками или восковым налётом. Хорошо развиты механические ткани |
Примечание к табл. 2. Экологические группы по отношению к водному режиму:
1) гидатофиты (растения, целиком или почти целиком погружённые в воду);
2) гидрофиты (наземно-водные растения, частично погружённые в воду);
3) гигрофиты (наземные растения, живущие в условиях повышенной влажности воздуха);
4) мезофиты (растения, которые могут переносить непродолжительную и не очень сильную засуху);
5) ксерофиты (растения мест с недостаточным увлажнением, среди которых суккуленты обладают развитой водозапасающей паренхимой, а склерофиты имеют хорошо выраженную механическую ткань, из-за чего кажутся сухими).
Таблица 3. Приспособительные признаки растений по отношению к свету
| Светолюбивые растения | Толстая кутикула, нередко с восковым налётом или опушением, большое число устьиц, клетки эпидермиса мелкие, хорошо развита механическая ткань, столбчатая ткань — двух-трёхслойная, хлоропласты мелкие, в клетках их много |
| Теневыносливые растения | В зависимости от степени теневыносливости и места произрастания имеют адаптации, сближающие их то со светолюбивыми, то теневыносливыми растениями |
| Тенелюбивые растения | Тонкая кутикула, без воскового налёта, густого опушения, число устьиц небольшое, клетки эпидермиса крупные, механической ткани немного, столбчатая ткань однослойная, хлоропласты крупные, в клетках их немного |
Примечание к табл. 3. Экологические группы растений по отношению к условиям освещённости:
1) светолюбивые (растения открытых, постоянно освещённых мест);
2) теневыносливые (растения, которые могут переносить затенение);
3) тенелюбивые (растения нижних ярусов тенистых лесов, плохо переносят сильное освещение).
5. По результатам работы сделайте выводы.
Решение 1. №1 (с. 89)
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