Подумайте, страница 273 - гдз по биологии 11 класс учебник Пасечник, Каменский

Биология, 11 класс Учебник, авторы: Пасечник Владимир Васильевич, Каменский Андрей Александрович, Рубцов Александр Михайлович, Швецов Глеб Геннадьевич, Абовян Леван Арташесович, Гапонюк Зоя Георгиевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019

Авторы: Пасечник В. В., Каменский А. А., Рубцов А. М., Швецов Г. Г., Абовян Л. А., Гапонюк З. Г.

Тип: Учебник

Серия: линия жизни

Издательство: Просвещение

Год издания: 2019 - 2026

Уровень обучения: углублённый

ISBN: 978-5-09-087486-1 (2022)

Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации

Глава 3. Биосферный уровень. Параграф 39. Развитие жизни на Земле. Кайнозой. Проверьте себя - страница 273.

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                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:12 [
                            "id" => 5420
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Пасечник"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => "доктора педагогических наук"
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Владимир"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Васильевич"
                            "field_surname_rp" => "Пасечника"
                          ]
                          #original: array:12 [
                            "id" => 5420
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Пасечник"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => "доктора педагогических наук"
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Владимир"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Васильевич"
                            "field_surname_rp" => "Пасечника"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                        1 => App\Models\Term {#1140
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:12 [
                            "id" => 4539
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Каменский"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => "доктора биологических наук"
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Андрей"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Александрович"
                            "field_surname_rp" => "Каменского"
                          ]
                          #original: array:12 [
                            "id" => 4539
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Каменский"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => "доктора биологических наук"
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Андрей"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Александрович"
                            "field_surname_rp" => "Каменского"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                        2 => App\Models\Term {#1141
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:12 [
                            "id" => 5627
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Рубцов"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => "доктора биологических наук"
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Александр"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Михайлович"
                            "field_surname_rp" => "Рубцова"
                          ]
                          #original: array:12 [
                            "id" => 5627
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Рубцов"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => "доктора биологических наук"
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Александр"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Михайлович"
                            "field_surname_rp" => "Рубцова"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                        3 => App\Models\Term {#1142
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:12 [
                            "id" => 6304
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Швецов"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => "кандидата педагогических наук"
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Глеб"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Геннадьевич"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #original: array:12 [
                            "id" => 6304
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Швецов"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => "кандидата педагогических наук"
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Глеб"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Геннадьевич"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                        4 => App\Models\Term {#1143
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:12 [
                            "id" => 6898
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Абовян"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Леван"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Арташесович"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #original: array:12 [
                            "id" => 6898
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Абовян"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Леван"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Арташесович"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                        5 => App\Models\Term {#1144
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:12 [
                            "id" => 4086
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Гапонюк"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => "кандидата педагогических наук"
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Зоя"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Георгиевна"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #original: array:12 [
                            "id" => 4086
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Гапонюк"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => "кандидата педагогических наук"
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Зоя"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Георгиевна"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1147
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:10 [
                            "id" => 6671
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Учебник"
                            "field_book_type_foreign" => null
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_plural_form" => null
                            "field_short_name" => null
                            "field_short_name_foreign" => null
                            "field_translit" => "uchebnik"
                          ]
                          #original: array:10 [
                            "id" => 6671
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Учебник"
                            "field_book_type_foreign" => null
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_plural_form" => null
                            "field_short_name" => null
                            "field_short_name_foreign" => null
                            "field_translit" => "uchebnik"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1149
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 9
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Россия"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "rossiya"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 9
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Россия"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "rossiya"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1150
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1151
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 15
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Москва"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "moskva"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 15
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Москва"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "moskva"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1152
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1153
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:8 [
                            "id" => 4725
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "линия жизни"
                            "field_cases" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_series" => null
                            "field_transcription_eng" => null
                            "field_translit" => "liniya zhizni"
                          ]
                          #original: array:8 [
                            "id" => 4725
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "линия жизни"
                            "field_cases" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_series" => null
                            "field_transcription_eng" => null
                            "field_translit" => "liniya zhizni"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1154
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1155
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1156
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 39
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "углублённый"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "uglublennyy"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 39
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "углублённый"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "uglublennyy"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1157
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1158
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:10 [
                            "id" => 6706
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "ФГОС (старый)"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_color" => null
                            "field_end_year" => "2022"
                            "field_start_year" => "2019"
                            "field_translit" => "fgos-old"
                            "field_type" => null
                          ]
                          #original: array:10 [
                            "id" => 6706
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "ФГОС (старый)"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_color" => null
                            "field_end_year" => "2022"
                            "field_start_year" => "2019"
                            "field_translit" => "fgos-old"
                            "field_type" => null
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_publication_number" => "4"
                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1159
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1160
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 33
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "стереотипное"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "stereotipnoe"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 33
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "стереотипное"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "stereotipnoe"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1161
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1139}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_under_the_edition_degree" => "доктора педагогических наук"
                    "field_cover_description" => null
                    "field_publication_year" => "2019"
                    "field_publication_year_until" => null
                    "field_part" => ""
                    "field_part_writing" => ""
                    "field_second_foreign_language" => null
                    "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для общеобразовательных организаций"
                    "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации"
                    "field_reserve_field" => null
                    "field_link_to_source" => null
                    "field_tasks_count" => "387"
                    "field_priority" => null
                    "field_default_folder" => "/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/"
                    "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-087486-1 (2022)"
                    "field_cover" => array:1 [
                      0 => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759691562"
                    ]
                    "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [
                      0 => ""
                    ]
                    "field_covers" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:4 [
                        "path" => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759691562"
                        "alt" => ""
                        "width" => "1200"
                        "height" => "1584"
                      ]
                    ]
                    "field_popular_book" => "0"
                    "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1162
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1163
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1164
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_url" => "/11-klass/biologija/pasechnik"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1165
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
                      "class" => 382
                      "subject" => 552
                      "class_subject" => 462
                    ]
                  ]
                  #original: array:50 [
                    "id" => 2964
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks"
                    "field_pages_status" => null
                    "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1133}
                    "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1134}
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136}
                    "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1138}
                    "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145}
                    "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146}
                    "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148}
                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1150}
                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1152}
                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1154}
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1155}
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1157}
                    "field_publication_number" => "4"
                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1159}
                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1161}
                    "field_under_the_edition_degree" => "доктора педагогических наук"
                    "field_cover_description" => null
                    "field_publication_year" => "2019"
                    "field_publication_year_until" => null
                    "field_part" => ""
                    "field_part_writing" => ""
                    "field_second_foreign_language" => null
                    "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для общеобразовательных организаций"
                    "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации"
                    "field_reserve_field" => null
                    "field_link_to_source" => null
                    "field_tasks_count" => "387"
                    "field_priority" => null
                    "field_default_folder" => "/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/"
                    "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-087486-1 (2022)"
                    "field_cover" => array:1 [
                      0 => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759691562"
                    ]
                    "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [
                      0 => ""
                    ]
                    "field_covers" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:4 [
                        "path" => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759691562"
                        "alt" => ""
                        "width" => "1200"
                        "height" => "1584"
                      ]
                    ]
                    "field_popular_book" => "0"
                    "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1162}
                    "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1163}
                    "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1164}
                    "field_url" => "/11-klass/biologija/pasechnik"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1165}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
                      "class" => 382
                      "subject" => 552
                      "class_subject" => 462
                    ]
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1166
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 1451000
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Биосферный уровень"
            "field_branch_order" => "3"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132}
            "field_page_start" => "211"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1168}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1166}
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        1 => App\Models\Branch {#1167
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 1451028
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Развитие жизни на Земле. Кайнозой"
            "field_branch_order" => "39"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1172
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1169
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:7 [
                    "id" => 32
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Параграф"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => null
                    "field_short_name" => "§"
                  ]
                  #original: array:7 [
                    "id" => 32
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Параграф"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => null
                    "field_short_name" => "§"
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "271"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1171
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1131}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1170
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1035}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 1451028
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Развитие жизни на Земле. Кайнозой"
            "field_branch_order" => "39"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1172}
            "field_page_start" => "271"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1171}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1170}
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        2 => App\Models\Branch {#1173
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 1451030
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Проверьте себя"
            "field_branch_order" => null
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1174
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "273"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1175
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1131}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1184
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1183
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "branches"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1451028
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_display_title" => "Развитие жизни на Земле. Кайнозой"
                    "field_branch_order" => "39"
                    "field_url" => null
                    "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1185 …2}
                    "field_page_start" => "271"
                    "field_branch_display" => "0"
                    "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
                    "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
                    "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
                    "field_navigation_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_branch_cover" => []
                    "field_branch_covers" => []
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1186 …2}
                    "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1187 …2}
                  ]
                  #original: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1451028
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_display_title" => "Развитие жизни на Земле. Кайнозой"
                    "field_branch_order" => "39"
                    "field_url" => null
                    "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1185 …2}
                    "field_page_start" => "271"
                    "field_branch_display" => "0"
                    "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
                    "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
                    "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
                    "field_navigation_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_branch_cover" => []
                    "field_branch_covers" => []
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1186 …2}
                    "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1187 …2}
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 1451030
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Проверьте себя"
            "field_branch_order" => null
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1174}
            "field_page_start" => "273"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1175}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1184}
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1111
      #items: array:3 [
        0 => App\Models\Element {#1103
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "elements"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:7 [
            "id" => 1741936
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1094
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1100
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "editions"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:21 [
                    "id" => 6254
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Условие"
                    "field_order" => "1"
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098 …2}
                    "field_content_type" => "free"
                    "field_content_mode" => "text, image"
                    "field_page_content_mode" => "image"
                    "field_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_solution_author" => "Автор"
                    "field_moderator" => "pasha"
                    "field_edition_type" => "statement"
                    "field_root_dir" => "0-"
                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1099 …2}
                    "field_comment" => null
                    "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1096 …2}
                    "field_process_formula" => ""
                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1097 …2}
                    "field_content_source" => null
                  ]
                  #original: array:21 [
                    "id" => 6254
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Условие"
                    "field_order" => "1"
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098 …2}
                    "field_content_type" => "free"
                    "field_content_mode" => "text, image"
                    "field_page_content_mode" => "image"
                    "field_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_solution_author" => "Автор"
                    "field_moderator" => "pasha"
                    "field_edition_type" => "statement"
                    "field_root_dir" => "0-"
                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1099 …2}
                    "field_comment" => null
                    "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1096 …2}
                    "field_process_formula" => ""
                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1097 …2}
                    "field_content_source" => null
                  ]
                  #changes: []
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                  #dateFormat: null
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              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1451393"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "text" => "<p><strong>ПОДУМАЙТЕ</strong></p><p>Почему покрытосеменные растения и млекопитающие занимают господствующее положение на Земле в настоящее время?</p>"
            "img" => array:1 [
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                "name" => "1-1.jpg"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "873"
                "height" => 139
                "path" => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/0-39-3/1-1.webp?ts=1760354594"
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            ]
          ]
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            "id" => 1741936
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1094}
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1451393"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "text" => "<p><strong>ПОДУМАЙТЕ</strong></p><p>Почему покрытосеменные растения и млекопитающие занимают господствующее положение на Земле в настоящее время?</p>"
            "img" => array:1 [
              0 => array:5 [
                "name" => "1-1.jpg"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "873"
                "height" => 139
                "path" => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/0-39-3/1-1.webp?ts=1760354594"
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            0 => "*"
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        }
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          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "elements"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
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            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1085
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                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1088
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "editions"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
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                  +incrementing: false
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                  #attributes: array:21 [
                    "id" => 6255
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                    "title" => "Решение 1"
                    "field_order" => "2"
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1092 …2}
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                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086 …2}
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                "name" => "1-2.jpg"
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                "width" => "1938"
                "height" => 442
                "path" => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/1-39-3/1-2.webp?ts=1760354744"
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            "id" => 1742153
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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          #connection: "mysql"
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          #attributes: array:6 [
            "id" => 1833250
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1126
              #items: array:1 [
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                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "editions"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
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                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:21 [
                    "id" => 6751
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Решение 2"
                    "field_order" => "3"
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1083 …2}
                    "field_content_type" => "free"
                    "field_content_mode" => "text"
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                    "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_solution_author" => "Gemini"
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                    "field_edition_type" => "solution"
                    "field_root_dir" => "2-"
                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1079 …2}
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                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1079 …2}
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                    "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1077 …2}
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                  ]
                  #changes: []
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            "task" => array:2 [
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              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "text" => "<p>Господствующее положение покрытосеменных растений и млекопитающих объясняется рядом крупных эволюционных преобразований (<em>ароморфозов</em>), которые дали им значительные преимущества в борьбе за существование.</p><p><strong>Причины доминирования покрытосеменных растений:</strong></p><p><strong>1)</strong> Появление цветка — специализированного органа размножения, который обеспечивает привлечение опылителей (насекомых, птиц), делая опыление более надежным и эффективным.</p><p><strong>2)</strong> Двойное оплодотворение, в результате которого образуется зародыш и питательная ткань (эндосперм), что повышает жизнеспособность семян.</p><p><strong>3)</strong> Формирование плода, который надежно защищает семена и способствует их распространению животными, ветром и водой.</p><p><strong>4)</strong> Более совершенное строение проводящей системы, что обеспечивает эффективный транспорт веществ и позволяет им достигать крупных размеров.</p><p><strong>Причины доминирования млекопитающих:</strong></p><p><strong>1)</strong> Высокий уровень развития нервной системы, особенно коры больших полушарий головного мозга, что обуславливает сложные формы поведения, способность к обучению и адаптации.</p><p><strong>2)</strong> Теплокровность и наличие четырехкамерного сердца, которые обеспечивают высокий уровень обмена веществ и активность в различных климатических условиях.</p><p><strong>3)</strong> Внутриутробное развитие зародыша (живорождение), которое надежно защищает его от неблагоприятных факторов среды.</p><p><strong>4)</strong> Выкармливание детенышей молоком и развитая забота о потомстве, что значительно увеличивает выживаемость молодых особей.</p>"
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            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1451393"
              "type" => "task"
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            "text" => "<p>Господствующее положение покрытосеменных растений и млекопитающих объясняется рядом крупных эволюционных преобразований (<em>ароморфозов</em>), которые дали им значительные преимущества в борьбе за существование.</p><p><strong>Причины доминирования покрытосеменных растений:</strong></p><p><strong>1)</strong> Появление цветка — специализированного органа размножения, который обеспечивает привлечение опылителей (насекомых, птиц), делая опыление более надежным и эффективным.</p><p><strong>2)</strong> Двойное оплодотворение, в результате которого образуется зародыш и питательная ткань (эндосперм), что повышает жизнеспособность семян.</p><p><strong>3)</strong> Формирование плода, который надежно защищает семена и способствует их распространению животными, ветром и водой.</p><p><strong>4)</strong> Более совершенное строение проводящей системы, что обеспечивает эффективный транспорт веществ и позволяет им достигать крупных размеров.</p><p><strong>Причины доминирования млекопитающих:</strong></p><p><strong>1)</strong> Высокий уровень развития нервной системы, особенно коры больших полушарий головного мозга, что обуславливает сложные формы поведения, способность к обучению и адаптации.</p><p><strong>2)</strong> Теплокровность и наличие четырехкамерного сердца, которые обеспечивают высокий уровень обмена веществ и активность в различных климатических условиях.</p><p><strong>3)</strong> Внутриутробное развитие зародыша (живорождение), которое надежно защищает его от неблагоприятных факторов среды.</p><p><strong>4)</strong> Выкармливание детенышей молоком и развитая забота о потомстве, что значительно увеличивает выживаемость молодых особей.</p>"
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      #items: array:1 [
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    "page" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1110
      #items: array:1 [
        0 => App\Models\BookPage {#1108
          #connection: "mysql"
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              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
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            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1188
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Element {#1179
                  #connection: "mysql"
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                  #attributes: array:6 [
                    "id" => 1741639
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1189 …2}
                    "book_page" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "img" => array:1 [ …1]
                  ]
                  #original: array:6 [
                    "id" => 1741639
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1189 …2}
                    "book_page" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "img" => array:1 [ …1]
                  ]
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            "next" => array:2 [
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            "previous" => array:2 [
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              "type" => "book_page"
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            "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1308
              #items: array:5 [
                0 => App\Models\Task {#1320
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
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                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
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                  #attributes: array:24 [
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                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                    "field_display_title" => "1"
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                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1324 …2}
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                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1323 …2}
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1322 …2}
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1325 …2}
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1335 …2}
                    "next" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "previous" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1342 …2}
                    "page" => array:2 [ …2]
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                  #original: array:24 [
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                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_page_start" => "273"
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Подумайте (с. 273)
Условие. Подумайте (с. 273)
скриншот условия
Биология, 11 класс Учебник, авторы: Пасечник Владимир Васильевич, Каменский Андрей Александрович, Рубцов Александр Михайлович, Швецов Глеб Геннадьевич, Абовян Леван Арташесович, Гапонюк Зоя Георгиевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, страница 273, Условие

ПОДУМАЙТЕ

Почему покрытосеменные растения и млекопитающие занимают господствующее положение на Земле в настоящее время?

Решение 1. Подумайте (с. 273)
Биология, 11 класс Учебник, авторы: Пасечник Владимир Васильевич, Каменский Андрей Александрович, Рубцов Александр Михайлович, Швецов Глеб Геннадьевич, Абовян Леван Арташесович, Гапонюк Зоя Георгиевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, страница 273, Решение 1
Биология, 11 класс Учебник, авторы: Пасечник Владимир Васильевич, Каменский Андрей Александрович, Рубцов Александр Михайлович, Швецов Глеб Геннадьевич, Абовян Леван Арташесович, Гапонюк Зоя Георгиевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, страница 273, Решение 1 (продолжение 2)
Решение 2. Подумайте (с. 273)

Господствующее положение покрытосеменных растений и млекопитающих объясняется рядом крупных эволюционных преобразований (ароморфозов), которые дали им значительные преимущества в борьбе за существование.

Причины доминирования покрытосеменных растений:

1) Появление цветка — специализированного органа размножения, который обеспечивает привлечение опылителей (насекомых, птиц), делая опыление более надежным и эффективным.

2) Двойное оплодотворение, в результате которого образуется зародыш и питательная ткань (эндосперм), что повышает жизнеспособность семян.

3) Формирование плода, который надежно защищает семена и способствует их распространению животными, ветром и водой.

4) Более совершенное строение проводящей системы, что обеспечивает эффективный транспорт веществ и позволяет им достигать крупных размеров.

Причины доминирования млекопитающих:

1) Высокий уровень развития нервной системы, особенно коры больших полушарий головного мозга, что обуславливает сложные формы поведения, способность к обучению и адаптации.

2) Теплокровность и наличие четырехкамерного сердца, которые обеспечивают высокий уровень обмена веществ и активность в различных климатических условиях.

3) Внутриутробное развитие зародыша (живорождение), которое надежно защищает его от неблагоприятных факторов среды.

4) Выкармливание детенышей молоком и развитая забота о потомстве, что значительно увеличивает выживаемость молодых особей.

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