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Номер 32, страница 62 - гдз по физике 7-9 класс сборник задач Московкина, Волков
Авторы: Московкина Е. Г., Волков В. А.
Тип: Сборник задач
Издательство: ВАКО
Год издания: 2011 - 2026
Цвет обложки: синий
ISBN: 978-5-408-00459-1
Популярные ГДЗ в 7 классе
8 класс. Уравнение теплового баланса (нагревание, охлаждение) - номер 32, страница 62.
App\Models\Task {#1030 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1425326 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "62" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/7-klass/fizika/moskovkina-sbornik-zadach/8-32" "field_display_title" => "32" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1036 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1035 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1034 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1424779 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "8 класс" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1039 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "59" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1038 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1040 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 4994 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1041 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1043 #items: array:3 [ …3] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1047 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1049 #items: array:2 [ …2] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1053 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2011" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => null "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "1291" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_07/moskovkina-sz/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-408-00459-1" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_07/moskovkina-sz/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1758729953" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ …4] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_url" => "/7-klass/fizika/moskovkina-sbornik-zadach" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 378 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 491 ] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 4994 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1041} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1043} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1047} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1049} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1053} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2011" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => null "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "1291" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_07/moskovkina-sz/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-408-00459-1" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_07/moskovkina-sz/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1758729953" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ …4] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067} "field_url" => "/7-klass/fizika/moskovkina-sbornik-zadach" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 378 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 491 ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1424779 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "8 класс" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1039} "field_page_start" => "59" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1038} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1108 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1116 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1424779 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "8 класс" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1117 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "59" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1150 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1118 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 4994 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1120 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1119 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6493 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Физика" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "физику" "field_creative_case" => "физикой" "field_dative_case" => "физике" "field_genitive_case" => "физики" "field_nominative_case" => "физика" "field_prepositional_case" => "физике" ] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "fizika" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6493 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Физика" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "физику" "field_creative_case" => "физикой" "field_dative_case" => "физике" "field_genitive_case" => "физики" "field_nominative_case" => "физика" "field_prepositional_case" => "физике" ] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "fizika" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1121 #items: array:3 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1122 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5456 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "7" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "седьмой" "field_creative_case" => "седьмым" "field_dative_case" => "седьмому" "field_genitive_case" => "седьмого" "field_nominative_case" => "седьмой" "field_prepositional_case" => "седьмом" ] "field_translit" => "sedmoj" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5456 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "7" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "седьмой" "field_creative_case" => "седьмым" "field_dative_case" => "седьмому" "field_genitive_case" => "седьмого" "field_nominative_case" => "седьмой" "field_prepositional_case" => "седьмом" ] "field_translit" => "sedmoj" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Term {#1123 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5457 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "8" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "восьмой" "field_creative_case" => "восьмым" "field_dative_case" => "восьмому" "field_genitive_case" => "восьмого" "field_nominative_case" => "восьмой" "field_prepositional_case" => "восьмом" ] "field_translit" => "vosmoj" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5457 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "8" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "восьмой" "field_creative_case" => "восьмым" "field_dative_case" => "восьмому" "field_genitive_case" => "восьмого" "field_nominative_case" => "восьмой" "field_prepositional_case" => "восьмом" ] "field_translit" => "vosmoj" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 2 => App\Models\Term {#1124 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5458 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "9" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "девятый" "field_creative_case" => "девятым" "field_dative_case" => "девятому" "field_genitive_case" => "девятого" "field_nominative_case" => "девятый" "field_prepositional_case" => "девятом" ] "field_translit" => "devjatyj" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5458 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "9" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "девятый" "field_creative_case" => "девятым" "field_dative_case" => "девятому" "field_genitive_case" => "девятого" "field_nominative_case" => "девятый" "field_prepositional_case" => "девятом" ] "field_translit" => "devjatyj" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1125 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1126 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5227 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "ВАКО" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "vako" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5227 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "ВАКО" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "vako" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1127 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1128 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 5285 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Московкина" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Елена" "field_patronymic" => "Геннадьевна" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 5285 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Московкина" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Елена" "field_patronymic" => "Геннадьевна" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Term {#1129 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 4026 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Волков" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Владимир" "field_patronymic" => "Анатольевич" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 4026 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Волков" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Владимир" "field_patronymic" => "Анатольевич" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1132 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6598 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Сборник задач" "field_book_type_foreign" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "сборник задач" "field_creative_case" => "сборником задач" "field_dative_case" => "сборнику задач" "field_genitive_case" => "сборника задач" "field_nominative_case" => "сборник задач" "field_prepositional_case" => "сборнике задач" ] "field_plural_form" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "sbornik zadach" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6598 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Сборник задач" "field_book_type_foreign" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "сборник задач" "field_creative_case" => "сборником задач" "field_dative_case" => "сборнику задач" "field_genitive_case" => "сборника задач" "field_nominative_case" => "сборник задач" "field_prepositional_case" => "сборнике задач" ] "field_plural_form" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "sbornik zadach" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1133 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1134 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1136 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1138 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1140 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1141 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1142 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2011" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => null "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "1291" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_07/moskovkina-sz/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-408-00459-1" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_07/moskovkina-sz/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1758729953" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/fizika_07/moskovkina-sz/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1758729953" "alt" => "" "width" => "1466" "height" => "2407" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1143 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_url" => "/7-klass/fizika/moskovkina-sbornik-zadach" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1147 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 49 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "синий" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "siniy" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 49 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "синий" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "siniy" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 378 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 491 ] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 4994 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1120} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1121} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1125} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1127} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1133} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1138} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1140} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1141} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1142} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2011" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => null "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "1291" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_07/moskovkina-sz/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-408-00459-1" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_07/moskovkina-sz/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1758729953" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/fizika_07/moskovkina-sz/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1758729953" "alt" => "" "width" => "1466" "height" => "2407" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1143} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145} "field_url" => "/7-klass/fizika/moskovkina-sbornik-zadach" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 378 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 491 ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1424779 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "8 класс" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1117} "field_page_start" => "59" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1150} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Branch {#1149 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1424781 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Уравнение теплового баланса (нагревание, охлаждение)" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1151 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "62" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1152 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1118} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1153 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1034} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1424781 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Уравнение теплового баланса (нагревание, охлаждение)" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1151} "field_page_start" => "62" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1152} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1153} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1099 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 1677859 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1098 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 6044 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1096 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "stas" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1094 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1092 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 6044 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1096} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "stas" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1094} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1092} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1425326" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>32.</strong> В ванну налили и смешали 50 л воды при температуре 15 °С и 30 л воды при температуре 75 °С. Какой станет температура воды в ванне, если потерями тепла пренебречь?</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "32-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "2583" "height" => 576 "path" => "/media/fizika_07/moskovkina-sz/0-8/32-1.webp?ts=1758885658" ] ] ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 1677859 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1425326" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>32.</strong> В ванну налили и смешали 50 л воды при температуре 15 °С и 30 л воды при температуре 75 °С. Какой станет температура воды в ванне, если потерями тепла пренебречь?</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "32-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "2583" "height" => 576 "path" => "/media/fizika_07/moskovkina-sz/0-8/32-1.webp?ts=1758885658" ] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Element {#1093 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1781707 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1083 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1090 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 6518 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1089 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1087 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1084 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 6518 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1089} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1087} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1084} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1425326" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>Дано:</strong></p><p>$V_1 = 50$ л (объем холодной воды)</p><p>$t_1 = 15$ °C (температура холодной воды)</p><p>$V_2 = 30$ л (объем горячей воды)</p><p>$t_2 = 75$ °C (температура горячей воды)</p><p>$c \approx 4200$ Дж/(кг·°C) (удельная теплоемкость воды)</p><p>$\\rho\approx 1000$ кг/м³ (плотность воды)</p><p><em>Перевод в систему СИ:</em></p><p>$V_1 = 50 \text{ л} = 50 \cdot 10^{-3} \text{ м}^3 = 0.05 \text{ м}^3$</p><p>$V_2 = 30 \text{ л} = 30 \cdot 10^{-3} \text{ м}^3 = 0.03 \text{ м}^3$</p><p>Температуру можно оставить в градусах Цельсия (°C), так как в уравнении теплового баланса используется разность температур, которая одинакова в °C и Кельвинах (K).</p><p><strong>Найти:</strong></p><p>$\text{t}$ — конечная температура воды.</p><p><strong>Решение:</strong></p><p>При смешивании горячей и холодной воды происходит теплообмен. Согласно закону сохранения энергии, если потерями тепла в окружающую среду можно пренебречь, то количество теплоты, отданное горячей водой, равно количеству теплоты, полученному холодной водой. Это описывается уравнением теплового баланса:</p><p>$Q_{отданное} = Q_{полученное}$</p><p>Количество теплоты ($\text{Q}$), отданное горячей водой при остывании от температуры $t_2$ до конечной температуры $\text{t}$, равно:</p><p>$Q_{отданное} = c \cdot m_2 \cdot (t_2 - t)$</p><p>Количество теплоты ($\text{Q}$), полученное холодной водой при нагревании от температуры $t_1$ до конечной температуры $\text{t}$, равно:</p><p>$Q_{полученное} = c \cdot m_1 \cdot (t - t_1)$</p><p>Здесь $\text{c}$ — удельная теплоемкость воды, $m_1$ и $m_2$ — массы холодной и горячей воды соответственно.</p><p>Приравниваем правые части уравнений:</p><p>$c \cdot m_2 \cdot (t_2 - t) = c \cdot m_1 \cdot (t - t_1)$</p><p>Массу воды можно выразить через ее объем $\text{V}$ и плотность $\rho$ по формуле $m = \\rho\cdot V$.</p><p>$m_1 = \\rho\cdot V_1$</p><p>$m_2 = \\rho\cdot V_2$</p><p>Подставим выражения для масс в уравнение теплового баланса:</p><p>$c \cdot \\rho\cdot V_2 \cdot (t_2 - t) = c \cdot \\rho\cdot V_1 \cdot (t - t_1)$</p><p>Поскольку удельная теплоемкость $\text{c}$ и плотность $\rho$ для горячей и холодной воды одинаковы, их можно сократить в обеих частях уравнения:</p><p>$V_2 \cdot (t_2 - t) = V_1 \cdot (t - t_1)$</p><p>Теперь решим это уравнение относительно искомой конечной температуры $\text{t}$. Раскроем скобки:</p><p>$V_2 t_2 - V_2 t = V_1 t - V_1 t_1$</p><p>Сгруппируем слагаемые, содержащие $\text{t}$:</p><p>$V_1 t_1 + V_2 t_2 = V_1 t + V_2 t$</p><p>$V_1 t_1 + V_2 t_2 = t \cdot (V_1 + V_2)$</p><p>Выразим $\text{t}$:</p><p>$t = \frac{V_1 t_1 + V_2 t_2}{V_1 + V_2}$</p><p>Подставим числовые значения. Объемы можно использовать в литрах, так как единицы измерения в числителе и знаменателе сократятся.</p><p>$t = \frac{50 \text{ л} \cdot 15 \text{ °C} + 30 \text{ л} \cdot 75 \text{ °C}}{50 \text{ л} + 30 \text{ л}}$</p><p>$t = \frac{750 + 2250}{80} \text{ °C}$</p><p>$t = \frac{3000}{80} \text{ °C}$</p><p>$t = 37.5 \text{ °C}$</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> температура воды в ванне станет 37.5 °C.</p>" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1781707 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1083} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1425326" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>Дано:</strong></p><p>$V_1 = 50$ л (объем холодной воды)</p><p>$t_1 = 15$ °C (температура холодной воды)</p><p>$V_2 = 30$ л (объем горячей воды)</p><p>$t_2 = 75$ °C (температура горячей воды)</p><p>$c \approx 4200$ Дж/(кг·°C) (удельная теплоемкость воды)</p><p>$\\rho\approx 1000$ кг/м³ (плотность воды)</p><p><em>Перевод в систему СИ:</em></p><p>$V_1 = 50 \text{ л} = 50 \cdot 10^{-3} \text{ м}^3 = 0.05 \text{ м}^3$</p><p>$V_2 = 30 \text{ л} = 30 \cdot 10^{-3} \text{ м}^3 = 0.03 \text{ м}^3$</p><p>Температуру можно оставить в градусах Цельсия (°C), так как в уравнении теплового баланса используется разность температур, которая одинакова в °C и Кельвинах (K).</p><p><strong>Найти:</strong></p><p>$\text{t}$ — конечная температура воды.</p><p><strong>Решение:</strong></p><p>При смешивании горячей и холодной воды происходит теплообмен. Согласно закону сохранения энергии, если потерями тепла в окружающую среду можно пренебречь, то количество теплоты, отданное горячей водой, равно количеству теплоты, полученному холодной водой. Это описывается уравнением теплового баланса:</p><p>$Q_{отданное} = Q_{полученное}$</p><p>Количество теплоты ($\text{Q}$), отданное горячей водой при остывании от температуры $t_2$ до конечной температуры $\text{t}$, равно:</p><p>$Q_{отданное} = c \cdot m_2 \cdot (t_2 - t)$</p><p>Количество теплоты ($\text{Q}$), полученное холодной водой при нагревании от температуры $t_1$ до конечной температуры $\text{t}$, равно:</p><p>$Q_{полученное} = c \cdot m_1 \cdot (t - t_1)$</p><p>Здесь $\text{c}$ — удельная теплоемкость воды, $m_1$ и $m_2$ — массы холодной и горячей воды соответственно.</p><p>Приравниваем правые части уравнений:</p><p>$c \cdot m_2 \cdot (t_2 - t) = c \cdot m_1 \cdot (t - t_1)$</p><p>Массу воды можно выразить через ее объем $\text{V}$ и плотность $\rho$ по формуле $m = \\rho\cdot V$.</p><p>$m_1 = \\rho\cdot V_1$</p><p>$m_2 = \\rho\cdot V_2$</p><p>Подставим выражения для масс в уравнение теплового баланса:</p><p>$c \cdot \\rho\cdot V_2 \cdot (t_2 - t) = c \cdot \\rho\cdot V_1 \cdot (t - t_1)$</p><p>Поскольку удельная теплоемкость $\text{c}$ и плотность $\rho$ для горячей и холодной воды одинаковы, их можно сократить в обеих частях уравнения:</p><p>$V_2 \cdot (t_2 - t) = V_1 \cdot (t - t_1)$</p><p>Теперь решим это уравнение относительно искомой конечной температуры $\text{t}$. Раскроем скобки:</p><p>$V_2 t_2 - V_2 t = V_1 t - V_1 t_1$</p><p>Сгруппируем слагаемые, содержащие $\text{t}$:</p><p>$V_1 t_1 + V_2 t_2 = V_1 t + V_2 t$</p><p>$V_1 t_1 + V_2 t_2 = t \cdot (V_1 + V_2)$</p><p>Выразим $\text{t}$:</p><p>$t = \frac{V_1 t_1 + V_2 t_2}{V_1 + V_2}$</p><p>Подставим числовые значения. Объемы можно использовать в литрах, так как единицы измерения в числителе и знаменателе сократятся.</p><p>$t = \frac{50 \text{ л} \cdot 15 \text{ °C} + 30 \text{ л} \cdot 75 \text{ °C}}{50 \text{ л} + 30 \text{ л}}$</p><p>$t = \frac{750 + 2250}{80} \text{ °C}$</p><p>$t = \frac{3000}{80} \text{ °C}$</p><p>$t = 37.5 \text{ °C}$</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> температура воды в ванне станет 37.5 °C.</p>" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1425327" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1425325" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1118} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1075 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\BookPage {#1104 #connection: "mysql" #table: "book_pages" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 1426165 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "62" "field_url" => "/7-klass/fizika/moskovkina-sbornik-zadach/page-62" "field_display_title" => "62" "field_folder" => "1" "field_image_name" => "62" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1085 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1118} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1078 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1111 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1115 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1678697 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "book_page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1426165" "type" => "book_page" ] "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ …5] ] ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1678697 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109} "book_page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1426165" "type" => "book_page" ] "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ …5] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1426166" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1426164" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1243 #items: array:8 [ 0 => App\Models\Task {#1257 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1425322 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "62" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/7-klass/fizika/moskovkina-sbornik-zadach/8-28" "field_display_title" => "28" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1258 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1259 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1260 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1261 #items: array:2 [ …2] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1263 #items: array:2 [ …2] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1425323" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1425321" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1269 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1426165" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1425322 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "62" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/7-klass/fizika/moskovkina-sbornik-zadach/8-28" "field_display_title" => "28" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1258} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1259} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1260} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1261} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1263} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1425323" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1425321" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1269} "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1426165" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Task {#1264 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1425323 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "62" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/7-klass/fizika/moskovkina-sbornik-zadach/8-29" "field_display_title" => "29" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1262 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1271 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1267 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1265 #items: array:2 [ …2] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1266 #items: array:2 [ …2] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1425324" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1425322" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1281 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1426165" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1425323 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "62" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/7-klass/fizika/moskovkina-sbornik-zadach/8-29" "field_display_title" => "29" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1262} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1271} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1267} "parent_branches" => 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№32 (с. 62)
Условие. №32 (с. 62)
скриншот условия
32. В ванну налили и смешали 50 л воды при температуре 15 °С и 30 л воды при температуре 75 °С. Какой станет температура воды в ванне, если потерями тепла пренебречь?
Решение. №32 (с. 62)
Дано:
$V_1 = 50$ л (объем холодной воды)
$t_1 = 15$ °C (температура холодной воды)
$V_2 = 30$ л (объем горячей воды)
$t_2 = 75$ °C (температура горячей воды)
$c \approx 4200$ Дж/(кг·°C) (удельная теплоемкость воды)
$\\rho\approx 1000$ кг/м³ (плотность воды)
Перевод в систему СИ:
$V_1 = 50 \text{ л} = 50 \cdot 10^{-3} \text{ м}^3 = 0.05 \text{ м}^3$
$V_2 = 30 \text{ л} = 30 \cdot 10^{-3} \text{ м}^3 = 0.03 \text{ м}^3$
Температуру можно оставить в градусах Цельсия (°C), так как в уравнении теплового баланса используется разность температур, которая одинакова в °C и Кельвинах (K).
Найти:
$\text{t}$ — конечная температура воды.
Решение:
При смешивании горячей и холодной воды происходит теплообмен. Согласно закону сохранения энергии, если потерями тепла в окружающую среду можно пренебречь, то количество теплоты, отданное горячей водой, равно количеству теплоты, полученному холодной водой. Это описывается уравнением теплового баланса:
$Q_{отданное} = Q_{полученное}$
Количество теплоты ($\text{Q}$), отданное горячей водой при остывании от температуры $t_2$ до конечной температуры $\text{t}$, равно:
$Q_{отданное} = c \cdot m_2 \cdot (t_2 - t)$
Количество теплоты ($\text{Q}$), полученное холодной водой при нагревании от температуры $t_1$ до конечной температуры $\text{t}$, равно:
$Q_{полученное} = c \cdot m_1 \cdot (t - t_1)$
Здесь $\text{c}$ — удельная теплоемкость воды, $m_1$ и $m_2$ — массы холодной и горячей воды соответственно.
Приравниваем правые части уравнений:
$c \cdot m_2 \cdot (t_2 - t) = c \cdot m_1 \cdot (t - t_1)$
Массу воды можно выразить через ее объем $\text{V}$ и плотность $\rho$ по формуле $m = \\rho\cdot V$.
$m_1 = \\rho\cdot V_1$
$m_2 = \\rho\cdot V_2$
Подставим выражения для масс в уравнение теплового баланса:
$c \cdot \\rho\cdot V_2 \cdot (t_2 - t) = c \cdot \\rho\cdot V_1 \cdot (t - t_1)$
Поскольку удельная теплоемкость $\text{c}$ и плотность $\rho$ для горячей и холодной воды одинаковы, их можно сократить в обеих частях уравнения:
$V_2 \cdot (t_2 - t) = V_1 \cdot (t - t_1)$
Теперь решим это уравнение относительно искомой конечной температуры $\text{t}$. Раскроем скобки:
$V_2 t_2 - V_2 t = V_1 t - V_1 t_1$
Сгруппируем слагаемые, содержащие $\text{t}$:
$V_1 t_1 + V_2 t_2 = V_1 t + V_2 t$
$V_1 t_1 + V_2 t_2 = t \cdot (V_1 + V_2)$
Выразим $\text{t}$:
$t = \frac{V_1 t_1 + V_2 t_2}{V_1 + V_2}$
Подставим числовые значения. Объемы можно использовать в литрах, так как единицы измерения в числителе и знаменателе сократятся.
$t = \frac{50 \text{ л} \cdot 15 \text{ °C} + 30 \text{ л} \cdot 75 \text{ °C}}{50 \text{ л} + 30 \text{ л}}$
$t = \frac{750 + 2250}{80} \text{ °C}$
$t = \frac{3000}{80} \text{ °C}$
$t = 37.5 \text{ °C}$
Ответ: температура воды в ванне станет 37.5 °C.
Другие задания:
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