Номер 4.12, страница 22 - гдз по геометрии 7 класс учебник Смирнов, Туяков

Геометрия, 7 класс Учебник, авторы: Смирнов Владимир Алексеевич, Туяков Есенкельды Алыбаевич, издательство Мектеп, Алматы, 2017

Авторы: Смирнов В. А., Туяков Е. А.

Тип: Учебник

Издательство: Мектеп

Год издания: 2017 - 2026

ISBN: 978-601-07-0873-0

Утверждено Министерством образования и науки Республики Казахстан

Глава 1. Начальные геометрические сведения. Параграф 4. Полуплоскость и угол - номер 4.12, страница 22.

App\Models\Task {#1024 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php
  #connection: "mysql"
  #table: "tasks"
  #primaryKey: "id"
  #keyType: "int"
  +incrementing: true
  #with: []
  #withCount: []
  +preventsLazyLoading: false
  #perPage: 15
  +exists: true
  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
  #attributes: array:24 [
    "id" => 1129460
    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
    "updated_at" => null
    "field_page_start" => "22"
    "field_page_end" => null
    "field_url" => "/7-klass/geometrija/smirnova-uchebnik/04-12"
    "field_display_title" => "4.12"
    "field_outside_task" => null
    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#331
      #items: array:1 [
        0 => App\Models\Term {#1029
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "terms"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: false
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:6 [
            "id" => 26
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "name" => "номер"
            "field_cases" => array:6 [
              "field_accusative_case" => "номер"
              "field_creative_case" => "номером"
              "field_dative_case" => "номеру"
              "field_genitive_case" => "номера"
              "field_nominative_case" => "номер"
              "field_prepositional_case" => "номере"
            ]
            "field_short_name" => ""
          ]
          #original: array:6 [
            "id" => 26
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "name" => "номер"
            "field_cases" => array:6 [
              "field_accusative_case" => "номер"
              "field_creative_case" => "номером"
              "field_dative_case" => "номеру"
              "field_genitive_case" => "номера"
              "field_nominative_case" => "номер"
              "field_prepositional_case" => "номере"
            ]
            "field_short_name" => ""
          ]
          #changes: []
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          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "field_metatags_title" => null
    "field_metatags_description" => null
    "field_h1" => null
    "field_description_top" => null
    "field_description_bottom" => null
    "field_match" => null
    "breadcrumbs" => []
    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1026
      #items: []
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#342
      #items: array:1 [
        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1023
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
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          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 1129359
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Начальные геометрические сведения"
            "field_branch_order" => "1"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#333
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1033
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
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                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:7 [
                    "id" => 29
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Глава"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => null
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                  ]
                  #original: array:7 [
                    "id" => 29
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Глава"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => null
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                  ]
                  #changes: []
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            }
            "field_page_start" => "5"
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            "field_navigation_title" => null
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            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1030
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1032
                  #connection: "mysql"
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                  #attributes: array:50 [
                    "id" => 2907
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
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                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1035
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
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                          #attributes: array:10 [
                            "id" => 6477
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Геометрия"
                            "field_abbreviated_name" => null
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_short_name" => null
                            "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject"
                            "field_translit" => "geometrija"
                          ]
                          #original: array:10 [
                            "id" => 6477
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Геометрия"
                            "field_abbreviated_name" => null
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_short_name" => null
                            "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject"
                            "field_translit" => "geometrija"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
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                          #dateFormat: null
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                          #hidden: []
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                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1036
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1037
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
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                          #perPage: 15
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                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 5456
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "7"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "sedmoj"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 5456
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
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                            "field_translit" => "sedmoj"
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                      ]
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                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1038
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1039
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
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                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 6996
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Мектеп"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "mektep"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 6996
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Мектеп"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "mektep"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
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                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
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                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
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                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
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                          ]
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                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
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                    "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1040
                      #items: array:2 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1041
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
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                          #withCount: []
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                          #perPage: 15
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                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:12 [
                            "id" => 5801
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Смирнов"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Владимир"
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                            "field_surname_rp" => null
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                            "id" => 5801
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                            "field_name" => "Владимир"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Алексеевич"
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                          ]
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                            0 => "*"
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                        }
                        1 => App\Models\Term {#1042
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
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                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:12 [
                            "id" => 7017
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Туяков"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Есенкельды"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Алыбаевич"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #original: array:12 [
                            "id" => 7017
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Туяков"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
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                            "field_patronymic" => "Алыбаевич"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #changes: []
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                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
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                          #touches: []
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                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
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                            0 => "*"
                          ]
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                    "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1043
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1044
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1045
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
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                          #withCount: []
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                          #attributes: array:10 [
                            "id" => 6671
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
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                            "field_book_type_foreign" => null
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_plural_form" => null
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                            "field_translit" => "uchebnik"
                          ]
                          #original: array:10 [
                            "id" => 6671
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                            "updated_at" => null
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            "task" => array:2 [
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        1 => App\Models\Element {#1080
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            "text" => "<p>Для решения задачи необходимо изобразить три прямые, которые отвечают двум условиям:<br>1. <strong>Попарное пересечение:</strong> каждая прямая пересекает две другие. Это означает, что среди прямых нет параллельных.<br>2. <strong>Непересечение в одной точке:</strong> все три прямые не проходят через одну общую точку.</p><p>Такое расположение прямых образует на плоскости треугольник, ограниченный отрезками этих прямых.<br>Ниже представлено изображение такой конфигурации. Цифрами обозначены части (области), на которые плоскость разбивается этими прямыми.</p><svg width="250" height="200" viewBox="0 0 250 200" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="display: block; margin: 1em auto;"><style> .line { stroke: #000000; stroke-width: 2; } .label { font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold; fill: #d9534f; text-anchor: middle; dominant-baseline: middle; } </style><line class="line" x1="10" y1="180" x2="240" y2="180"></line><line class="line" x1="30" y1="20" x2="210" y2="190"></line><line class="line" x1="220" y1="20" x2="40" y2="190"></line><text x="125" y="155" class="label">1</text><text x="80" y="110" class="label">2</text><text x="170" y="110" class="label">3</text><text x="125" y="60" class="label">4</text><text x="25" y="160" class="label">5</text><text x="225" y="160" class="label">6</text><text x="125" y="190" class="label">7</text></svg><p>Подсчитаем количество частей, на которые прямые разбивают плоскость, последовательно добавляя прямые:</p><p><strong>1.</strong> <strong>Первая прямая</strong> делит бесконечную плоскость на <strong>2</strong> части.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> <strong>Вторая прямая</strong> пересекает первую. При этом она сама делится точкой пересечения на два луча. Каждый из этих лучей проходит через одну из двух существующих областей и делит её надвое. Таким образом, вторая прямая добавляет ещё 2 новые области. Общее число частей становится $2 + 2 = 4$.</p><p><strong>3.</strong> <strong>Третья прямая</strong>, согласно условию, пересекает первые две прямые в двух различных точках. Эти две точки пересечения делят третью прямую на три части (один отрезок и два луча). Каждая из этих трёх частей прямой проходит через одну из четырёх существующих областей, разделяя её на две. Следовательно, третья прямая добавляет ещё 3 новые области. Общее число частей становится $4 + 3 = 7$.</p><p>Этот результат можно также проверить с помощью общей формулы для максимального числа областей $L_n$, на которые $n$ прямых могут разделить плоскость (при условии, что никакие две прямые не параллельны и никакие три не пересекаются в одной точке):<br>$L_n = \frac{n(n+1)}{2} + 1$<br>Для нашего случая, где $n=3$:<br>$L_3 = \frac{3(3+1)}{2} + 1 = \frac{3 \times 4}{2} + 1 = 6 + 1 = 7$</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> три попарно пересекающиеся прямые, не пересекающиеся в одной точке, разбивают плоскость на 7 частей.</p>"
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            "text" => "<p>Для решения задачи необходимо изобразить три прямые, которые отвечают двум условиям:<br>1. <strong>Попарное пересечение:</strong> каждая прямая пересекает две другие. Это означает, что среди прямых нет параллельных.<br>2. <strong>Непересечение в одной точке:</strong> все три прямые не проходят через одну общую точку.</p><p>Такое расположение прямых образует на плоскости треугольник, ограниченный отрезками этих прямых.<br>Ниже представлено изображение такой конфигурации. Цифрами обозначены части (области), на которые плоскость разбивается этими прямыми.</p><svg width="250" height="200" viewBox="0 0 250 200" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="display: block; margin: 1em auto;"><style> .line { stroke: #000000; stroke-width: 2; } .label { font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold; fill: #d9534f; text-anchor: middle; dominant-baseline: middle; } </style><line class="line" x1="10" y1="180" x2="240" y2="180"></line><line class="line" x1="30" y1="20" x2="210" y2="190"></line><line class="line" x1="220" y1="20" x2="40" y2="190"></line><text x="125" y="155" class="label">1</text><text x="80" y="110" class="label">2</text><text x="170" y="110" class="label">3</text><text x="125" y="60" class="label">4</text><text x="25" y="160" class="label">5</text><text x="225" y="160" class="label">6</text><text x="125" y="190" class="label">7</text></svg><p>Подсчитаем количество частей, на которые прямые разбивают плоскость, последовательно добавляя прямые:</p><p><strong>1.</strong> <strong>Первая прямая</strong> делит бесконечную плоскость на <strong>2</strong> части.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> <strong>Вторая прямая</strong> пересекает первую. При этом она сама делится точкой пересечения на два луча. Каждый из этих лучей проходит через одну из двух существующих областей и делит её надвое. Таким образом, вторая прямая добавляет ещё 2 новые области. Общее число частей становится $2 + 2 = 4$.</p><p><strong>3.</strong> <strong>Третья прямая</strong>, согласно условию, пересекает первые две прямые в двух различных точках. Эти две точки пересечения делят третью прямую на три части (один отрезок и два луча). Каждая из этих трёх частей прямой проходит через одну из четырёх существующих областей, разделяя её на две. Следовательно, третья прямая добавляет ещё 3 новые области. Общее число частей становится $4 + 3 = 7$.</p><p>Этот результат можно также проверить с помощью общей формулы для максимального числа областей $L_n$, на которые $n$ прямых могут разделить плоскость (при условии, что никакие две прямые не параллельны и никакие три не пересекаются в одной точке):<br>$L_n = \frac{n(n+1)}{2} + 1$<br>Для нашего случая, где $n=3$:<br>$L_3 = \frac{3(3+1)}{2} + 1 = \frac{3 \times 4}{2} + 1 = 6 + 1 = 7$</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> три попарно пересекающиеся прямые, не пересекающиеся в одной точке, разбивают плоскость на 7 частей.</p>"
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            "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132
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            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1133
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Element {#1134
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "elements"
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                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                    "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135 …2}
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            "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1142
              #items: array:11 [
                0 => App\Models\Task {#1143
                  #connection: "mysql"
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                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
                1 => App\Models\Task {#1183
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
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                  #attributes: array:24 [
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                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
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                    "field_display_title" => "4.7"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1184 …2}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
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                    "breadcrumbs" => []
                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1185 …2}
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1186 …2}
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1187 …2}
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                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1195 …2}
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                    0 => "*"
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                }
                2 => App\Models\Task {#1196
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
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                  #attributes: array:24 [
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                    "field_url" => "/7-klass/geometrija/smirnova-uchebnik/04-8"
                    "field_display_title" => "4.8"
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                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1197 …2}
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                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1198 …2}
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1199 …2}
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1200 …2}
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1201 …2}
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                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1208 …2}
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                  ]
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                    "id" => 1129456
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                    "field_display_title" => "4.8"
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                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1197 …2}
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                    0 => "*"
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                }
                3 => App\Models\Task {#1209
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
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                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [
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                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_page_start" => "22"
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                    "field_url" => "/7-klass/geometrija/smirnova-uchebnik/04-9"
                    "field_display_title" => "4.9"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1210 …2}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
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                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1211 …2}
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1212 …2}
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1213 …2}
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1214 …2}
                    "next" => array:2 [ …2]
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                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1221 …2}
                    "page" => array:2 [ …2]
                  ]
                  #original: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1129457
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                    "field_display_title" => "4.9"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1210 …2}
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                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
                4 => App\Models\Task {#1222
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
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                  #perPage: 15
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                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1129458
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_page_start" => "22"
                    "field_page_end" => null
                    "field_url" => "/7-klass/geometrija/smirnova-uchebnik/04-10"
                    "field_display_title" => "4.10"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1223 …2}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
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                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1224 …2}
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1225 …2}
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1226 …2}
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1227 …2}
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                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1234 …2}
                    "page" => array:2 [ …2]
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                  #original: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1129458
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                    "field_display_title" => "4.10"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1223 …2}
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                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1226 …2}
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                    "next" => array:2 [ …2]
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                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1234 …2}
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                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
                5 => App\Models\Task {#1235
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
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                  #perPage: 15
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                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1129459
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_page_start" => "22"
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                    "field_url" => "/7-klass/geometrija/smirnova-uchebnik/04-11"
                    "field_display_title" => "4.11"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1236 …2}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
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                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1237 …2}
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1238 …2}
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1239 …2}
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1240 …2}
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                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1247 …2}
                    "page" => array:2 [ …2]
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                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                    "field_url" => "/7-klass/geometrija/smirnova-uchebnik/04-11"
                    "field_display_title" => "4.11"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1236 …2}
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                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
                6 => App\Models\Task {#1248
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
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                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1129460
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_page_start" => "22"
                    "field_page_end" => null
                    "field_url" => "/7-klass/geometrija/smirnova-uchebnik/04-12"
                    "field_display_title" => "4.12"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1249 …2}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
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                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1250 …2}
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                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1252 …2}
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                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1260 …2}
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№4.12 (с. 22)
Условие. №4.12 (с. 22)
скриншот условия
Геометрия, 7 класс Учебник, авторы: Смирнов Владимир Алексеевич, Туяков Есенкельды Алыбаевич, издательство Мектеп, Алматы, 2017, страница 22, номер 4.12, Условие

4.12. Изобразите три попарно пересекающиеся прямые, не пересекающиеся в одной точке. На сколько частей они разбивают плоскость?

Решение. №4.12 (с. 22)
Геометрия, 7 класс Учебник, авторы: Смирнов Владимир Алексеевич, Туяков Есенкельды Алыбаевич, издательство Мектеп, Алматы, 2017, страница 22, номер 4.12, Решение
Решение 2. №4.12 (с. 22)

Для решения задачи необходимо изобразить три прямые, которые отвечают двум условиям:
1. Попарное пересечение: каждая прямая пересекает две другие. Это означает, что среди прямых нет параллельных.
2. Непересечение в одной точке: все три прямые не проходят через одну общую точку.

Такое расположение прямых образует на плоскости треугольник, ограниченный отрезками этих прямых.
Ниже представлено изображение такой конфигурации. Цифрами обозначены части (области), на которые плоскость разбивается этими прямыми.

1234567

Подсчитаем количество частей, на которые прямые разбивают плоскость, последовательно добавляя прямые:

1. Первая прямая делит бесконечную плоскость на 2 части.

2. Вторая прямая пересекает первую. При этом она сама делится точкой пересечения на два луча. Каждый из этих лучей проходит через одну из двух существующих областей и делит её надвое. Таким образом, вторая прямая добавляет ещё 2 новые области. Общее число частей становится $2 + 2 = 4$.

3. Третья прямая, согласно условию, пересекает первые две прямые в двух различных точках. Эти две точки пересечения делят третью прямую на три части (один отрезок и два луча). Каждая из этих трёх частей прямой проходит через одну из четырёх существующих областей, разделяя её на две. Следовательно, третья прямая добавляет ещё 3 новые области. Общее число частей становится $4 + 3 = 7$.

Этот результат можно также проверить с помощью общей формулы для максимального числа областей $L_n$, на которые $n$ прямых могут разделить плоскость (при условии, что никакие две прямые не параллельны и никакие три не пересекаются в одной точке):
$L_n = \frac{n(n+1)}{2} + 1$
Для нашего случая, где $n=3$:
$L_3 = \frac{3(3+1)}{2} + 1 = \frac{3 \times 4}{2} + 1 = 6 + 1 = 7$

Ответ: три попарно пересекающиеся прямые, не пересекающиеся в одной точке, разбивают плоскость на 7 частей.

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