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Grammar, страница 111 - гдз по английскому языку 8 класс учебник Комарова, Ларионова
Авторы: Комарова Ю. А., Ларионова И. В.
Тип: Student's book (Учебник)
Серия: инновационная школа
Издательство: Русское слово
Год издания: 2013 - 2026
Цвет обложки: розовый
ISBN: 978-5-533-02468-6
Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации
Популярные ГДЗ в 8 классе
Unit 8. Rights and Responsibilities. Language Guide - страница 111.
App\Models\Task {#1030 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 352998 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "111" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/english/komarova-uchebnik/8vg-1" "field_display_title" => "Grammar" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1036 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1034 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1045 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1044 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 352479 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Rights and Responsibilities" "field_branch_order" => "8" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1049 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1046 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 6716 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Unit" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 6716 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Unit" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "101" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1080 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1048 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 780 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1047 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6472 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Английский язык" "field_abbreviated_name" => "англ. яз." "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "английский язык" "field_creative_case" => "английским языком" "field_dative_case" => "английскому языку" "field_genitive_case" => "английского языка" "field_nominative_case" => "английский язык" "field_prepositional_case" => "английском языке" ] "field_foreign_lang_name" => "english" "field_short_name" => "английский" "field_subject_type" => "humanitarian_subject" "field_translit" => "english" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6472 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Английский язык" "field_abbreviated_name" => "англ. яз." "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "английский язык" "field_creative_case" => "английским языком" "field_dative_case" => "английскому языку" "field_genitive_case" => "английского языка" "field_nominative_case" => "английский язык" "field_prepositional_case" => "английском языке" ] "field_foreign_lang_name" => "english" "field_short_name" => "английский" "field_subject_type" => "humanitarian_subject" "field_translit" => "english" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1051 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1052 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5457 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "8" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "восьмой" "field_creative_case" => "восьмым" "field_dative_case" => "восьмому" "field_genitive_case" => "восьмого" "field_nominative_case" => "восьмой" "field_prepositional_case" => "восьмом" ] "field_translit" => "vosmoj" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5457 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "8" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "восьмой" "field_creative_case" => "восьмым" "field_dative_case" => "восьмому" "field_genitive_case" => "восьмого" "field_nominative_case" => "восьмой" "field_prepositional_case" => "восьмом" ] "field_translit" => "vosmoj" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1053 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1054 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5176 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Русское слово" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "russkoe slovo" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5176 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Русское слово" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "russkoe slovo" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1056 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 4643 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Комарова" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Юлия" "field_patronymic" => "Александровна" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 4643 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Комарова" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Юлия" "field_patronymic" => "Александровна" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Term {#1057 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 4951 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Ларионова" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Ирина" "field_patronymic" => "Владимировна" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 4951 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Ларионова" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Ирина" "field_patronymic" => "Владимировна" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1058 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1060 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6725 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Учебник" "field_book_type_foreign" => "Student's book" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_plural_form" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "uchebnik" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6725 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Учебник" "field_book_type_foreign" => "Student's book" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_plural_form" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "uchebnik" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1062 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1064 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1066 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:8 [ "id" => 4715 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "инновационная школа" "field_cases" => null "field_foreign_lang_series" => null "field_transcription_eng" => null "field_translit" => "innovacionnaya shkola" ] #original: array:8 [ "id" => 4715 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "инновационная школа" "field_cases" => null "field_foreign_lang_series" => null "field_transcription_eng" => null "field_translit" => "innovacionnaya shkola" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1069 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1070 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6706 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "ФГОС (старый)" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_color" => null "field_end_year" => "2022" "field_start_year" => "2019" "field_translit" => "fgos-old" "field_type" => null ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6706 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "ФГОС (старый)" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_color" => null "field_end_year" => "2022" "field_start_year" => "2019" "field_translit" => "fgos-old" "field_type" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publication_number" => "9" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1072 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2013" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 8 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации" "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "606" "field_priority" => "26" "field_default_folder" => "/english_08/komarova-u22/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-02468-6" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/english_08/komarova-u22/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1735231455" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/english_08/komarova-u22/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1735231455" "alt" => "" "width" => "1200" "height" => "1595" ] ] "field_popular_book" => null "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1074 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1075 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_url" => "/8-klass/english/komarova-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1076 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1077 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 53 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "розовый" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "розовый" "field_creative_case" => "розовым" "field_dative_case" => "розовому" "field_genitive_case" => "розового" "field_nominative_case" => "розовый" "field_prepositional_case" => "розовом" ] "field_translit" => "rozovyy" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 53 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "розовый" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "розовый" "field_creative_case" => "розовым" "field_dative_case" => "розовому" "field_genitive_case" => "розового" "field_nominative_case" => "розовый" "field_prepositional_case" => "розовом" ] "field_translit" => "rozovyy" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 379 "subject" => 547 "class_subject" => 429 ] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 780 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1051} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1053} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1058} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1069} "field_publication_number" => "9" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1072} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2013" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 8 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации" "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "606" "field_priority" => "26" "field_default_folder" => "/english_08/komarova-u22/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-02468-6" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/english_08/komarova-u22/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1735231455" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/english_08/komarova-u22/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1735231455" "alt" => "" "width" => "1200" "height" => "1595" ] ] "field_popular_book" => null "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1074} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1075} "field_url" => "/8-klass/english/komarova-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1076} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 379 "subject" => 547 "class_subject" => 429 ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1078 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 352479 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Rights and Responsibilities" "field_branch_order" => "8" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1049} "field_page_start" => "101" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1080} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1078} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1110 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1118 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 352479 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Rights and Responsibilities" "field_branch_order" => "8" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1119 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1046} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "101" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1120 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1048} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1121 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 352479 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Rights and Responsibilities" "field_branch_order" => "8" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1119} "field_page_start" => "101" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1120} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1121} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Branch {#1122 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 352488 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Language Guide" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1123 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "110" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1124 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1048} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1125 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1044} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 352488 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Language Guide" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1123} "field_page_start" => "110" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1124} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1125} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037 #items: array:4 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1098 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 407393 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1099 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 1000 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1096 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1097 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5176 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Русское слово" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "russkoe slovo" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5176 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Русское слово" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "russkoe slovo" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "stas" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1094 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_process_formula" => "" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1092 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 1000 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1096} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "stas" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1094} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095} "field_process_formula" => "" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1092} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "352998" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>Grammar</strong></p><p><strong>Obligation: <em>have to</em> / <em>don't have to</em></strong></p><div class="table-wrap"><table style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><thead><tr><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><strong>affirmative</strong></th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">I / You</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">have to</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">go home.</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">He / She / It</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">has to</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">We / You / They</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">have to</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="table-wrap"><table style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><thead><tr><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><strong>negative</strong></th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">I / You</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">don't have to</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">work.</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">He / She / It</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">doesn't have to</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">We / You / They</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">don't have to</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="table-wrap"><table style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><thead><tr><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><strong>questions</strong></th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Do</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">I / you</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">have to</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">clean?</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Does</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">he / she / it</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Do</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">we / you / they</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><p><strong>short answers</strong></p><p>Yes, I / you do. / No, I / you don't.</p><p>Yes, he / she / it does. / No, he / she / it doesn't.</p><p>Yes, we / you / they do. / No, we / you / they don't.</p><p>● We use <em>have to</em> for obligation.</p><p>● We use <em>don't have to</em> when there is no obligation (i.e. when something isn't necessary).</p><p><strong>Permission: <em>can, could</em> and <em>be allowed to</em></strong></p><p><strong>present</strong></p><div class="table-wrap"><table style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><thead><tr><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><strong>affirmative</strong></th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">I / You / He / She / It / We / They</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">can</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">work.</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">I'm (am)</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">allowed to</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">buy it.</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">You're (are)</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">He / She / It's (is)</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">We / You / They're (are)</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="table-wrap"><table style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><thead><tr><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><strong>negative</strong></th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">I / You / He / She / It / We / They</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">can't</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">drink.</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">I'm not (am not)</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">allowed to</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">stay out.</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">You aren't (are not)</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">He / She / It isn't (is not)</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">We / You / They aren't (are not)</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><p><strong>past</strong></p><div class="table-wrap"><table style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><thead><tr><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><strong>affirmative</strong></th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">I / You / He / She / It / We / They</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">could</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">buy them.</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">I was</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">allowed to</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">smoke.</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">You were</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">He / She / It was</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">We / You / They were</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="table-wrap"><table style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><thead><tr><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><strong>negative</strong></th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">I / You / He / She / It / We / They</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">couldn't</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">go alone.</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">I wasn't (was not)</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">allowed to</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">get one.</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">You weren't (were not)</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">He / She / It wasn't (was not)</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">We / You / They weren't (were not)</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>● We use <em>can / can't, could / couldn't</em> and <em>(not) be allowed to</em> to for permission.</p><p><strong>Obligation and prohibition: <em>must</em> / <em>mustn't</em> and <em>have to</em> / <em>don't have to</em></strong></p><div class="table-wrap"><table style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><thead><tr><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><strong>affirmative (= obligation)</strong></th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">I / You / He / She / It / We / They</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">must</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">mop the floor.</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="table-wrap"><table style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><thead><tr><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><strong>negative (= prohibition)</strong></th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">I / You / He / She / It / We / They</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">mustn't</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">be home late.</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>● We can use <em>must</em> or <em>have to</em> for obligation. You <em>must / have to</em> make your bed.</p><p>● We use <em>mustn't</em> when something is prohibited. It doesn't have the same meaning as <em>don't have to</em>. You <em>mustn't</em> put the washing machine on. (It's prohibited.) You <em>don't have to</em> put the washing machine on. (It's not necessary.)</p><p>◉ Grammar bank ➛ Workbook p112</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "1-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "2093" "height" => 2910 "path" => "/media/english_08/komarova-u22/0-8vg/1-1.webp?ts=1735434171" ] ] ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 407393 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "352998" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>Grammar</strong></p><p><strong>Obligation: <em>have to</em> / <em>don't have to</em></strong></p><div class="table-wrap"><table style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><thead><tr><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><strong>affirmative</strong></th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">I / You</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">have to</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">go home.</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">He / She / It</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">has to</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">We / You / They</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">have to</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="table-wrap"><table style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><thead><tr><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><strong>negative</strong></th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">I / You</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">don't have to</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">work.</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">He / She / It</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">doesn't have to</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">We / You / They</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">don't have to</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="table-wrap"><table style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><thead><tr><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><strong>questions</strong></th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Do</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">I / you</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">have to</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">clean?</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Does</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">he / she / it</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Do</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">we / you / they</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><p><strong>short answers</strong></p><p>Yes, I / you do. / No, I / you don't.</p><p>Yes, he / she / it does. / No, he / she / it doesn't.</p><p>Yes, we / you / they do. / No, we / you / they don't.</p><p>● We use <em>have to</em> for obligation.</p><p>● We use <em>don't have to</em> when there is no obligation (i.e. when something isn't necessary).</p><p><strong>Permission: <em>can, could</em> and <em>be allowed to</em></strong></p><p><strong>present</strong></p><div class="table-wrap"><table style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><thead><tr><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><strong>affirmative</strong></th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">I / You / He / She / It / We / They</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">can</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">work.</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">I'm (am)</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">allowed to</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">buy it.</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">You're (are)</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">He / She / It's (is)</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">We / You / They're (are)</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="table-wrap"><table style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><thead><tr><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><strong>negative</strong></th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">I / You / He / She / It / We / They</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">can't</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">drink.</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">I'm not (am not)</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">allowed to</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">stay out.</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">You aren't (are not)</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">He / She / It isn't (is not)</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">We / You / They aren't (are not)</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><p><strong>past</strong></p><div class="table-wrap"><table style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><thead><tr><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><strong>affirmative</strong></th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">I / You / He / She / It / We / They</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">could</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">buy them.</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">I was</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">allowed to</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">smoke.</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">You were</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">He / She / It was</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">We / You / They were</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="table-wrap"><table style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><thead><tr><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><strong>negative</strong></th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">I / You / He / She / It / We / They</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">couldn't</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">go alone.</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">I wasn't (was not)</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">allowed to</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">get one.</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">You weren't (were not)</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">He / She / It wasn't (was not)</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">We / You / They weren't (were not)</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>● We use <em>can / can't, could / couldn't</em> and <em>(not) be allowed to</em> to for permission.</p><p><strong>Obligation and prohibition: <em>must</em> / <em>mustn't</em> and <em>have to</em> / <em>don't have to</em></strong></p><div class="table-wrap"><table style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><thead><tr><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><strong>affirmative (= obligation)</strong></th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">I / You / He / She / It / We / They</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">must</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">mop the floor.</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="table-wrap"><table style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><thead><tr><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><strong>negative (= prohibition)</strong></th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">I / You / He / She / It / We / They</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">mustn't</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">be home late.</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>● We can use <em>must</em> or <em>have to</em> for obligation. You <em>must / have to</em> make your bed.</p><p>● We use <em>mustn't</em> when something is prohibited. It doesn't have the same meaning as <em>don't have to</em>. You <em>mustn't</em> put the washing machine on. (It's prohibited.) You <em>don't have to</em> put the washing machine on. (It's not necessary.)</p><p>◉ Grammar bank ➛ Workbook p112</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "1-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "2093" "height" => 2910 "path" => "/media/english_08/komarova-u22/0-8vg/1-1.webp?ts=1735434171" ] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Element {#1085 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1241330 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1108 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1082 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 4664 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение 1" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1079 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 6691 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Own" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "own" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 6691 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Own" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "own" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Сущиц" "field_moderator" => "pasha" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1042 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1040 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_process_formula" => "" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1035 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 4664 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение 1" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Сущиц" "field_moderator" => "pasha" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1042} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1040} "field_process_formula" => "" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1035} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "352998" "type" => "task" ] "img" => array:2 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "1-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "2054" "height" => 2702 "path" => "/media/english_08/komarova-u22/1-8vg/1-1.webp?ts=1749551375" ] 1 => array:5 [ "name" => "1-2.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "2054" "height" => 1551 "path" => "/media/english_08/komarova-u22/1-8vg/1-2.webp?ts=1749551375" ] ] ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1241330 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1108} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "352998" "type" => "task" ] "img" => array:2 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "1-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "2054" "height" => 2702 "path" => "/media/english_08/komarova-u22/1-8vg/1-1.webp?ts=1749551375" ] 1 => array:5 [ "name" => "1-2.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "2054" "height" => 1551 "path" => "/media/english_08/komarova-u22/1-8vg/1-2.webp?ts=1749551375" ] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 2 => App\Models\Element {#1093 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 407998 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1083 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1090 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 1001 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение 2" "field_order" => "3" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1089 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1088 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 6696 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Skysmart" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "skysmart" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 6696 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Skysmart" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "skysmart" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Неизвестный" "field_moderator" => "stas" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "2-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1087 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1084 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_process_formula" => "" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 1001 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение 2" "field_order" => "3" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1089} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Неизвестный" "field_moderator" => "stas" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "2-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1087} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1084} "field_process_formula" => "" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "352998" "type" => "task" ] "img" => array:3 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "1-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "700" "height" => 2968 "path" => "/media/english_08/komarova-u22/2-8vg/1-1.webp?ts=1735434413" ] 1 => array:5 [ "name" => "1-2.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "700" "height" => 2254 "path" => "/media/english_08/komarova-u22/2-8vg/1-2.webp?ts=1735434413" ] 2 => array:5 [ "name" => "1-3.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "700" "height" => 2666 "path" => "/media/english_08/komarova-u22/2-8vg/1-3.webp?ts=1735434413" ] ] ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 407998 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1083} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "352998" "type" => "task" ] "img" => array:3 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "1-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "700" "height" => 2968 "path" => "/media/english_08/komarova-u22/2-8vg/1-1.webp?ts=1735434413" ] 1 => array:5 [ "name" => "1-2.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "700" "height" => 2254 "path" => "/media/english_08/komarova-u22/2-8vg/1-2.webp?ts=1735434413" ] 2 => array:5 [ "name" => "1-3.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "700" "height" => 2666 "path" => "/media/english_08/komarova-u22/2-8vg/1-3.webp?ts=1735434413" ] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 3 => App\Models\Element {#1038 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1909416 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1128 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1109 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 8333 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение 3" "field_order" => "3" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1117 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 7013 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Gemini 2.5 Flash" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "gemini 2.5 flash" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 7013 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Gemini 2.5 Flash" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "gemini 2.5 flash" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini" "field_moderator" => "vadim" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "3-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1111 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1114 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_process_formula" => "" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1112 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 8333 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение 3" "field_order" => "3" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini" "field_moderator" => "vadim" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "3-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1111} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1114} "field_process_formula" => "" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1112} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "352998" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>Перечислите правила грамматики, объясненные на изображении.</strong></p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong></p><p>The image explains rules for:</p><p><em>Изображение объясняет правила для:</em></p><p><strong>1. Obligation: have to / don't have to</strong></p><ul><li><p>Use <em>have to</em> for obligation.</p><p><em>Используйте have to для обозначения обязанности.</em></p></li><li><p>Use <em>don't have to</em> when there is no obligation, meaning something isn't necessary.</p><p><em>Используйте don't have to, когда нет обязанности, то есть что-то не является необходимым.</em></p></li></ul><p><strong>2. Permission: can, could and be allowed to</strong></p><ul><li><p>Use <em>can</em> for present permission (affirmative and negative).</p><p><em>Используйте can для разрешения в настоящем времени (утвердительные и отрицательные предложения).</em></p></li><li><p>Use <em>could</em> for past permission (affirmative and negative).</p><p><em>Используйте could для разрешения в прошедшем времени (утвердительные и отрицательные предложения).</em></p></li><li><p>Use <em>be allowed to</em> for present and past permission (affirmative and negative).</p><p><em>Используйте be allowed to для разрешения в настоящем и прошедшем времени (утвердительные и отрицательные предложения).</em></p></li></ul><p><strong>3. Obligation and prohibition: must / mustn't and have to / don't have to</strong></p><ul><li><p>Use <em>must</em> or <em>have to</em> for obligation (e.g., You must / have to make your bed).</p><p><em>Используйте must или have to для обозначения обязанности (например, Ты должен / обязан заправить свою кровать).</em></p></li><li><p>Use <em>mustn't</em> when something is prohibited (e.g., You mustn't put the washing machine on. - It's prohibited).</p><p><em>Используйте mustn't, когда что-то запрещено (например, Нельзя включать стиральную машину. - Это запрещено).</em></p></li><li><p><em>Don't have to</em> means something is not necessary (e.g., You don't have to put the washing machine on. - It's not necessary). It doesn't have the same meaning as <em>mustn't</em>.</p><p><em>Don't have to означает, что что-то не является необходимым (например, Тебе не обязательно включать стиральную машину. - Это не обязательно). Это не имеет того же значения, что mustn't.</em></p></li></ul>" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1909416 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1128} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "352998" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>Перечислите правила грамматики, объясненные на изображении.</strong></p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong></p><p>The image explains rules for:</p><p><em>Изображение объясняет правила для:</em></p><p><strong>1. Obligation: have to / don't have to</strong></p><ul><li><p>Use <em>have to</em> for obligation.</p><p><em>Используйте have to для обозначения обязанности.</em></p></li><li><p>Use <em>don't have to</em> when there is no obligation, meaning something isn't necessary.</p><p><em>Используйте don't have to, когда нет обязанности, то есть что-то не является необходимым.</em></p></li></ul><p><strong>2. Permission: can, could and be allowed to</strong></p><ul><li><p>Use <em>can</em> for present permission (affirmative and negative).</p><p><em>Используйте can для разрешения в настоящем времени (утвердительные и отрицательные предложения).</em></p></li><li><p>Use <em>could</em> for past permission (affirmative and negative).</p><p><em>Используйте could для разрешения в прошедшем времени (утвердительные и отрицательные предложения).</em></p></li><li><p>Use <em>be allowed to</em> for present and past permission (affirmative and negative).</p><p><em>Используйте be allowed to для разрешения в настоящем и прошедшем времени (утвердительные и отрицательные предложения).</em></p></li></ul><p><strong>3. Obligation and prohibition: must / mustn't and have to / don't have to</strong></p><ul><li><p>Use <em>must</em> or <em>have to</em> for obligation (e.g., You must / have to make your bed).</p><p><em>Используйте must или have to для обозначения обязанности (например, Ты должен / обязан заправить свою кровать).</em></p></li><li><p>Use <em>mustn't</em> when something is prohibited (e.g., You mustn't put the washing machine on. - It's prohibited).</p><p><em>Используйте mustn't, когда что-то запрещено (например, Нельзя включать стиральную машину. - Это запрещено).</em></p></li><li><p><em>Don't have to</em> means something is not necessary (e.g., You don't have to put the washing machine on. - It's not necessary). It doesn't have the same meaning as <em>mustn't</em>.</p><p><em>Don't have to означает, что что-то не является необходимым (например, Тебе не обязательно включать стиральную машину. - Это не обязательно). Это не имеет того же значения, что mustn't.</em></p></li></ul>" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "352999" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "352997" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1101 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1048} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1133 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\BookPage {#1132 #connection: "mysql" #table: "book_pages" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 1014143 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "111" "field_url" => "/8-klass/english/komarova-uchebnik/page-111" "field_display_title" => "111" "field_folder" => "1" "field_image_name" => "111" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1134 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1048} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1145 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1188519 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1147 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1099} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "book_page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1014143" "type" => "book_page" ] "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "111-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "2440" "height" => 3515 "path" => "/media/english_08/komarova-u22/0-1/111-1.webp?ts=1747256861" ] ] ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1188519 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1147} "book_page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1014143" "type" => "book_page" ] "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "111-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "2440" "height" => 3515 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Grammar (с. 111)
Условие. Grammar (с. 111)
скриншот условия
Grammar
Obligation: have to / don't have to
| affirmative | ||
|---|---|---|
| I / You | have to | go home. |
| He / She / It | has to | |
| We / You / They | have to |
| negative | ||
|---|---|---|
| I / You | don't have to | work. |
| He / She / It | doesn't have to | |
| We / You / They | don't have to |
| questions | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Do | I / you | have to | clean? |
| Does | he / she / it | ||
| Do | we / you / they |
short answers
Yes, I / you do. / No, I / you don't.
Yes, he / she / it does. / No, he / she / it doesn't.
Yes, we / you / they do. / No, we / you / they don't.
● We use have to for obligation.
● We use don't have to when there is no obligation (i.e. when something isn't necessary).
Permission: can, could and be allowed to
present
| affirmative | ||
|---|---|---|
| I / You / He / She / It / We / They | can | work. |
| I'm (am) | allowed to | buy it. |
| You're (are) | ||
| He / She / It's (is) | ||
| We / You / They're (are) |
| negative | ||
|---|---|---|
| I / You / He / She / It / We / They | can't | drink. |
| I'm not (am not) | allowed to | stay out. |
| You aren't (are not) | ||
| He / She / It isn't (is not) | ||
| We / You / They aren't (are not) |
past
| affirmative | ||
|---|---|---|
| I / You / He / She / It / We / They | could | buy them. |
| I was | allowed to | smoke. |
| You were | ||
| He / She / It was | ||
| We / You / They were |
| negative | ||
|---|---|---|
| I / You / He / She / It / We / They | couldn't | go alone. |
| I wasn't (was not) | allowed to | get one. |
| You weren't (were not) | ||
| He / She / It wasn't (was not) | ||
| We / You / They weren't (were not) |
● We use can / can't, could / couldn't and (not) be allowed to to for permission.
Obligation and prohibition: must / mustn't and have to / don't have to
| affirmative (= obligation) | ||
|---|---|---|
| I / You / He / She / It / We / They | must | mop the floor. |
| negative (= prohibition) | ||
|---|---|---|
| I / You / He / She / It / We / They | mustn't | be home late. |
● We can use must or have to for obligation. You must / have to make your bed.
● We use mustn't when something is prohibited. It doesn't have the same meaning as don't have to. You mustn't put the washing machine on. (It's prohibited.) You don't have to put the washing machine on. (It's not necessary.)
◉ Grammar bank ➛ Workbook p112
Решение 1. Grammar (с. 111)
Решение 2. Grammar (с. 111)
Решение 3. Grammar (с. 111)
Перечислите правила грамматики, объясненные на изображении.
Ответ:
The image explains rules for:
Изображение объясняет правила для:
1. Obligation: have to / don't have to
Use have to for obligation.
Используйте have to для обозначения обязанности.
Use don't have to when there is no obligation, meaning something isn't necessary.
Используйте don't have to, когда нет обязанности, то есть что-то не является необходимым.
2. Permission: can, could and be allowed to
Use can for present permission (affirmative and negative).
Используйте can для разрешения в настоящем времени (утвердительные и отрицательные предложения).
Use could for past permission (affirmative and negative).
Используйте could для разрешения в прошедшем времени (утвердительные и отрицательные предложения).
Use be allowed to for present and past permission (affirmative and negative).
Используйте be allowed to для разрешения в настоящем и прошедшем времени (утвердительные и отрицательные предложения).
3. Obligation and prohibition: must / mustn't and have to / don't have to
Use must or have to for obligation (e.g., You must / have to make your bed).
Используйте must или have to для обозначения обязанности (например, Ты должен / обязан заправить свою кровать).
Use mustn't when something is prohibited (e.g., You mustn't put the washing machine on. - It's prohibited).
Используйте mustn't, когда что-то запрещено (например, Нельзя включать стиральную машину. - Это запрещено).
Don't have to means something is not necessary (e.g., You don't have to put the washing machine on. - It's not necessary). It doesn't have the same meaning as mustn't.
Don't have to означает, что что-то не является необходимым (например, Тебе не обязательно включать стиральную машину. - Это не обязательно). Это не имеет того же значения, что mustn't.
Другие задания:
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