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Номер 1.6, страница 4 - гдз по физике 8 класс задачник Артеменков, Ломаченков
Авторы: Артеменков Д. А., Ломаченков И. А., Панебратцев Ю. А.
Тип: Задачник
Серия: сферы
Издательство: Просвещение
Год издания: 2010 - 2026
Цвет обложки: фиолетовый
ISBN: 978-5-09-046040-8
Популярные ГДЗ в 8 классе
I. Внутренняя энергия - номер 1.6, страница 4.
App\Models\Task {#1030 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1460058 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "4" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/01-6" "field_display_title" => "1.6" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1036 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1035 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1046 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1460044 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "I. Внутренняя энергия" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1047 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "4" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1080 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1048 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 1646 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1049 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6493 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Физика" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "физику" "field_creative_case" => "физикой" "field_dative_case" => "физике" "field_genitive_case" => "физики" "field_nominative_case" => "физика" "field_prepositional_case" => "физике" ] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "fizika" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6493 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Физика" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "физику" "field_creative_case" => "физикой" "field_dative_case" => "физике" "field_genitive_case" => "физики" "field_nominative_case" => "физика" "field_prepositional_case" => "физике" ] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "fizika" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1051 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1052 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5457 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "8" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "восьмой" "field_creative_case" => "восьмым" "field_dative_case" => "восьмому" "field_genitive_case" => "восьмого" "field_nominative_case" => "восьмой" "field_prepositional_case" => "восьмом" ] "field_translit" => "vosmoj" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5457 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "8" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "восьмой" "field_creative_case" => "восьмым" "field_dative_case" => "восьмому" "field_genitive_case" => "восьмого" "field_nominative_case" => "восьмой" "field_prepositional_case" => "восьмом" ] "field_translit" => "vosmoj" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1053 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1054 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5153 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Просвещение" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "prosveschenie" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5153 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Просвещение" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "prosveschenie" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055 #items: array:3 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1056 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 3745 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Артеменков" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Денис" "field_patronymic" => "Александрович" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 3745 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Артеменков" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Денис" "field_patronymic" => "Александрович" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Term {#1057 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 5014 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Ломаченков" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Иван" "field_patronymic" => "Алексеевич" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 5014 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Ломаченков" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Иван" "field_patronymic" => "Алексеевич" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 2 => App\Models\Term {#1058 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 5412 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Панебратцев" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Юрий" "field_patronymic" => "Анатольевич" "field_surname_rp" => "Панебратцева" ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 5412 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Панебратцев" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Юрий" "field_patronymic" => "Анатольевич" "field_surname_rp" => "Панебратцева" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1061 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6518 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Задачник" "field_book_type_foreign" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "задачник" "field_creative_case" => "задачником" "field_dative_case" => "задачнику" "field_genitive_case" => "задачника" "field_nominative_case" => "задачник" "field_prepositional_case" => "задачнике" ] "field_plural_form" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "zadachnik" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6518 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Задачник" "field_book_type_foreign" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "задачник" "field_creative_case" => "задачником" "field_dative_case" => "задачнику" "field_genitive_case" => "задачника" "field_nominative_case" => "задачник" "field_prepositional_case" => "задачнике" ] "field_plural_form" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "zadachnik" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1063 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1065 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1067 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:8 [ "id" => 4795 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "сферы" "field_cases" => null "field_foreign_lang_series" => null "field_transcription_eng" => null "field_translit" => "sfery" ] #original: array:8 [ "id" => 4795 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "сферы" "field_cases" => null "field_foreign_lang_series" => null "field_transcription_eng" => null "field_translit" => "sfery" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1069 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publication_number" => "5" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1072 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1058} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2010" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "308" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/artemenkov-zd/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-046040-8" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_08/artemenkov-zd/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760136860" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/fizika_08/artemenkov-zd/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760136860" "alt" => "" "width" => "1891" "height" => "2427" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1074 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1075 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1076 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1077 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 48 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "фиолетовый" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "fioletovyy" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 48 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "фиолетовый" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "fioletovyy" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 379 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 492 ] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 1646 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1051} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1053} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1069} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070} "field_publication_number" => "5" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1072} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2010" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "308" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/artemenkov-zd/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-046040-8" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_08/artemenkov-zd/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760136860" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/fizika_08/artemenkov-zd/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760136860" "alt" => "" "width" => "1891" "height" => "2427" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1074} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1075} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1076} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 379 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 492 ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1078 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1460044 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "I. Внутренняя энергия" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1047} "field_page_start" => "4" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1080} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1078} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1038 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1034 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1084 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 1753556 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1093 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1085 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 6390 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1087 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1086 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ …6] #original: array:6 [ …6] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "stas" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1089 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1090 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 6390 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1087} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "stas" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1089} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1090} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460058" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>1.6</strong> В каких случаях в быту используют спиртовые термометры, а в каких — ртутные? Как вы думаете, почему?</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "6-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1739" "height" => 220 "path" => "/media/fizika_08/artemenkov-zd/0-01/6-1.webp?ts=1760701695" ] ] ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 1753556 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1093} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460058" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>1.6</strong> В каких случаях в быту используют спиртовые термометры, а в каких — ртутные? Как вы думаете, почему?</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "6-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1739" "height" => 220 "path" => "/media/fizika_08/artemenkov-zd/0-01/6-1.webp?ts=1760701695" ] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Element {#1091 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1821663 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1101 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1092 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 6688 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1094 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ …6] #original: array:6 [ …6] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1096 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1097 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 6688 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1096} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1097} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460058" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p>Выбор между спиртовым и ртутным термометром в быту определяется в первую очередь диапазоном измеряемых температур, а также требованиями к точности и безопасности.</p><p><strong>Использование спиртовых термометров</strong></p><p>Спиртовые термометры в быту применяют для измерения температуры воздуха (уличные и комнатные термометры), воды (например, для ванны), а также в холодильниках и морозильных камерах.</p><p>Причина такого выбора кроется в физических свойствах спирта. Главное его преимущество — очень низкая температура замерзания (у этанола около $-114^\circ C$). Это позволяет измерять даже очень сильные морозы, при которых ртуть (замерзающая при $-38.8^\circ C$) уже затвердела бы. Кроме того, спирт (обычно подкрашенный для лучшей видимости) и его пары значительно менее токсичны, чем ртуть, что делает его более безопасным для домашнего использования.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Спиртовые термометры используют для измерения температуры окружающей среды (особенно отрицательной), так как спирт замерзает при очень низкой температуре и является более безопасным, чем ртуть.</p><p><strong>Использование ртутных термометров</strong></p><p>Классическая область применения ртутных термометров в быту — измерение температуры тела человека (медицинские термометры).</p><p>Это связано с тем, что ртуть обеспечивает очень высокую точность измерений, которая критически важна в медицине. Ртуть не смачивает стекло и имеет очень равномерный коэффициент теплового расширения, что позволяет получать стабильные и точные результаты. Высокая температура кипения ртути ($356.7^\circ C$) для бытовых нужд не так важна, но является ее характерным свойством.</p><p>Основной недостаток ртутных термометров — чрезвычайная токсичность ртути. При повреждении термометра пары ртути могут вызвать тяжелое отравление. По этой причине во многих странах их оборот ограничен, и для измерения температуры тела все чаще используют безопасные электронные или галинстановые термометры.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Ртутные термометры использовали для точного измерения температуры тела благодаря свойствам ртути, обеспечивающим высокую точность. В настоящее время их применение ограничено из-за высокой токсичности ртути.</p>" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1821663 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1101} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460058" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p>Выбор между спиртовым и ртутным термометром в быту определяется в первую очередь диапазоном измеряемых температур, а также требованиями к точности и безопасности.</p><p><strong>Использование спиртовых термометров</strong></p><p>Спиртовые термометры в быту применяют для измерения температуры воздуха (уличные и комнатные термометры), воды (например, для ванны), а также в холодильниках и морозильных камерах.</p><p>Причина такого выбора кроется в физических свойствах спирта. Главное его преимущество — очень низкая температура замерзания (у этанола около $-114^\circ C$). Это позволяет измерять даже очень сильные морозы, при которых ртуть (замерзающая при $-38.8^\circ C$) уже затвердела бы. Кроме того, спирт (обычно подкрашенный для лучшей видимости) и его пары значительно менее токсичны, чем ртуть, что делает его более безопасным для домашнего использования.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Спиртовые термометры используют для измерения температуры окружающей среды (особенно отрицательной), так как спирт замерзает при очень низкой температуре и является более безопасным, чем ртуть.</p><p><strong>Использование ртутных термометров</strong></p><p>Классическая область применения ртутных термометров в быту — измерение температуры тела человека (медицинские термометры).</p><p>Это связано с тем, что ртуть обеспечивает очень высокую точность измерений, которая критически важна в медицине. Ртуть не смачивает стекло и имеет очень равномерный коэффициент теплового расширения, что позволяет получать стабильные и точные результаты. Высокая температура кипения ртути ($356.7^\circ C$) для бытовых нужд не так важна, но является ее характерным свойством.</p><p>Основной недостаток ртутных термометров — чрезвычайная токсичность ртути. При повреждении термометра пары ртути могут вызвать тяжелое отравление. По этой причине во многих странах их оборот ограничен, и для измерения температуры тела все чаще используют безопасные электронные или галинстановые термометры.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Ртутные термометры использовали для точного измерения температуры тела благодаря свойствам ртути, обеспечивающим высокую точность. В настоящее время их применение ограничено из-за высокой токсичности ртути.</p>" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460059" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460057" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1048} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1043 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\BookPage {#1079 #connection: "mysql" #table: "book_pages" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 1462301 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "4" "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/page-4" "field_display_title" => "4" "field_folder" => "1" "field_image_name" => "4" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1099 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1048} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1112 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1111 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1753862 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1085} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "book_page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462301" "type" => "book_page" ] "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "4-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1994" "height" => 2505 "path" => "/media/fizika_08/artemenkov-zd/0-1/4-1.webp?ts=1760705527" ] ] ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1753862 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113} "book_page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462301" "type" => "book_page" ] "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "4-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1994" "height" => 2505 "path" => "/media/fizika_08/artemenkov-zd/0-1/4-1.webp?ts=1760705527" ] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462302" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462300" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1167 #items: array:8 [ 0 => App\Models\Task {#1181 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1460053 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "4" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/01-1" "field_display_title" => "1.1" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1182 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1036} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1183 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1184 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1185 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1187 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1196 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ …7] #original: array:7 [ …7] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 1 => App\Models\Element {#1198 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ …6] #original: array:6 [ …6] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460054" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => null "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1193 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1048} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462301" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1460053 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "4" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/01-1" "field_display_title" => "1.1" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1182} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1183} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1184} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1185} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1187} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460054" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => null "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1193} "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462301" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Task {#1188 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1460054 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "4" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/01-2" "field_display_title" => "1.2" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1186 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1036} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1195 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1191 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1189 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1190 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1208 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ …7] #original: array:7 [ …7] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 1 => App\Models\Element {#1210 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ …6] #original: array:6 [ …6] #changes: [] #casts: [] …14 } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460055" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460053" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1205 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1048} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462301" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1460054 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "4" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/01-2" "field_display_title" => "1.2" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1186} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1195} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1191} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1189} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1190} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460055" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460053" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1205} "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462301" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 2 => App\Models\Task {#1200 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1460055 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "4" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/01-3" "field_display_title" => "1.3" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1192 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1036} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1207 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1203 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1201 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1202 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1220 …30} 1 => App\Models\Element {#1222 …30} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460056" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460054" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1217 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1048} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462301" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1460055 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "4" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/01-3" "field_display_title" => "1.3" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1192} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1207} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1203} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1201} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1202} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460056" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460054" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1217} "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462301" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 3 => App\Models\Task {#1212 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1460056 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "4" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/01-4" "field_display_title" => "1.4" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1204 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1036} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1219 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1215 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1213 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1214 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1232 …30} 1 => App\Models\Element {#1234 …30} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460057" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460055" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1229 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1048} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462301" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1460056 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "4" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/01-4" "field_display_title" => "1.4" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1204} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1219} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1215} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1213} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1214} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460057" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460055" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1229} "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462301" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 4 => App\Models\Task {#1224 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1460057 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "4" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/01-5" "field_display_title" => "1.5" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1216 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1036} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1231 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1227 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1225 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1226 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1244 …30} 1 => App\Models\Element {#1246 …30} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460058" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460056" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1241 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1048} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462301" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1460057 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "4" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/01-5" "field_display_title" => "1.5" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1216} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1231} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1227} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1225} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1226} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460058" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460056" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1241} "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462301" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 5 => App\Models\Task {#1236 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1460058 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "4" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/01-6" "field_display_title" => "1.6" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1228 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1036} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1243 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1239 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1237 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1240 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1084} 1 => App\Models\Element {#1091} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460059" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460057" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1238 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1048} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462301" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1460058 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "4" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/01-6" "field_display_title" => "1.6" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1228} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1243} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1239} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1237} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1240} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460059" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460057" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1238} "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462301" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 6 => App\Models\Task {#1248 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1460059 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "4" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/01-7" "field_display_title" => "1.7" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1249 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1036} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1250 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1251 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1252 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1254 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1263 …30} 1 => App\Models\Element {#1265 …30} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460060" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460058" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1260 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1048} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462301" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1460059 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "4" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/01-7" "field_display_title" => "1.7" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1249} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1250} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1251} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1252} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1254} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460060" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460058" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1260} "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462301" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 7 => App\Models\Task {#1255 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1460060 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "4" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/01-8" "field_display_title" => "1.8" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1253 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1036} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1262 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1258 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1256 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1257 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1275 …30} 1 => App\Models\Element {#1277 …30} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460061" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460059" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1272 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1048} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462301" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1460060 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "4" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/01-8" "field_display_title" => "1.8" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1253} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1262} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1258} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1256} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1257} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460061" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460059" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1272} "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462301" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 1462301 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "4" "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/page-4" "field_display_title" => "4" "field_folder" => "1" "field_image_name" => "4" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1099} "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1112} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462302" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462300" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1167} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1460058 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "4" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/01-6" "field_display_title" => "1.6" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1035} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1046} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1038} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1034} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460059" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460057" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081} "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462301" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] }
№1.6 (с. 4)
Условие. №1.6 (с. 4)
скриншот условия
1.6 В каких случаях в быту используют спиртовые термометры, а в каких — ртутные? Как вы думаете, почему?
Решение. №1.6 (с. 4)
Выбор между спиртовым и ртутным термометром в быту определяется в первую очередь диапазоном измеряемых температур, а также требованиями к точности и безопасности.
Использование спиртовых термометров
Спиртовые термометры в быту применяют для измерения температуры воздуха (уличные и комнатные термометры), воды (например, для ванны), а также в холодильниках и морозильных камерах.
Причина такого выбора кроется в физических свойствах спирта. Главное его преимущество — очень низкая температура замерзания (у этанола около $-114^\circ C$). Это позволяет измерять даже очень сильные морозы, при которых ртуть (замерзающая при $-38.8^\circ C$) уже затвердела бы. Кроме того, спирт (обычно подкрашенный для лучшей видимости) и его пары значительно менее токсичны, чем ртуть, что делает его более безопасным для домашнего использования.
Ответ: Спиртовые термометры используют для измерения температуры окружающей среды (особенно отрицательной), так как спирт замерзает при очень низкой температуре и является более безопасным, чем ртуть.
Использование ртутных термометров
Классическая область применения ртутных термометров в быту — измерение температуры тела человека (медицинские термометры).
Это связано с тем, что ртуть обеспечивает очень высокую точность измерений, которая критически важна в медицине. Ртуть не смачивает стекло и имеет очень равномерный коэффициент теплового расширения, что позволяет получать стабильные и точные результаты. Высокая температура кипения ртути ($356.7^\circ C$) для бытовых нужд не так важна, но является ее характерным свойством.
Основной недостаток ртутных термометров — чрезвычайная токсичность ртути. При повреждении термометра пары ртути могут вызвать тяжелое отравление. По этой причине во многих странах их оборот ограничен, и для измерения температуры тела все чаще используют безопасные электронные или галинстановые термометры.
Ответ: Ртутные термометры использовали для точного измерения температуры тела благодаря свойствам ртути, обеспечивающим высокую точность. В настоящее время их применение ограничено из-за высокой токсичности ртути.
Другие задания:
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