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Номер 9.14, страница 48 - гдз по физике 8 класс задачник Артеменков, Ломаченков
Авторы: Артеменков Д. А., Ломаченков И. А., Панебратцев Ю. А.
Тип: Задачник
Серия: сферы
Издательство: Просвещение
Год издания: 2010 - 2026
Цвет обложки: фиолетовый
ISBN: 978-5-09-046040-8
Популярные ГДЗ в 8 классе
IX. Основы динамики - номер 9.14, страница 48.
App\Models\Task {#1024 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1460341 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "48" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/09-14" "field_display_title" => "9.14" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#331 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1029 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1026 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#342 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1023 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1460052 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "IX. Основы динамики" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#333 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "47" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1033 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1030 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 1646 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1032 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1034 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6493 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Физика" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "физику" "field_creative_case" => "физикой" "field_dative_case" => "физике" "field_genitive_case" => "физики" "field_nominative_case" => "физика" "field_prepositional_case" => "физике" ] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "fizika" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6493 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Физика" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "физику" "field_creative_case" => "физикой" "field_dative_case" => "физике" "field_genitive_case" => "физики" "field_nominative_case" => "физика" "field_prepositional_case" => "физике" ] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "fizika" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1035 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1036 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5457 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "8" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "восьмой" "field_creative_case" => "восьмым" "field_dative_case" => "восьмому" "field_genitive_case" => "восьмого" "field_nominative_case" => "восьмой" "field_prepositional_case" => "восьмом" ] "field_translit" => "vosmoj" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5457 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "8" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "восьмой" "field_creative_case" => "восьмым" "field_dative_case" => "восьмому" "field_genitive_case" => "восьмого" "field_nominative_case" => "восьмой" "field_prepositional_case" => "восьмом" ] "field_translit" => "vosmoj" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1038 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5153 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Просвещение" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "prosveschenie" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5153 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Просвещение" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "prosveschenie" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1039 #items: array:3 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1040 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 3745 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Артеменков" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Денис" "field_patronymic" => "Александрович" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 3745 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Артеменков" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Денис" "field_patronymic" => "Александрович" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Term {#1041 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 5014 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Ломаченков" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Иван" "field_patronymic" => "Алексеевич" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 5014 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Ломаченков" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Иван" "field_patronymic" => "Алексеевич" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 2 => App\Models\Term {#1042 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 5412 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Панебратцев" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Юрий" "field_patronymic" => "Анатольевич" "field_surname_rp" => "Панебратцева" ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 5412 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Панебратцев" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Юрий" "field_patronymic" => "Анатольевич" "field_surname_rp" => "Панебратцева" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1043 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1044 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1045 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6518 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Задачник" "field_book_type_foreign" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "задачник" "field_creative_case" => "задачником" "field_dative_case" => "задачнику" "field_genitive_case" => "задачника" "field_nominative_case" => "задачник" "field_prepositional_case" => "задачнике" ] "field_plural_form" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "zadachnik" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6518 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Задачник" "field_book_type_foreign" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "задачник" "field_creative_case" => "задачником" "field_dative_case" => "задачнику" "field_genitive_case" => "задачника" "field_nominative_case" => "задачник" "field_prepositional_case" => "задачнике" ] "field_plural_form" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "zadachnik" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1046 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1047 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1048 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1049 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1051 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:8 [ "id" => 4795 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "сферы" "field_cases" => null "field_foreign_lang_series" => null "field_transcription_eng" => null "field_translit" => "sfery" ] #original: array:8 [ "id" => 4795 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "сферы" "field_cases" => null "field_foreign_lang_series" => null "field_transcription_eng" => null "field_translit" => "sfery" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1053 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1054 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publication_number" => "5" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1042} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2010" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "308" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/artemenkov-zd/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-046040-8" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_08/artemenkov-zd/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760136860" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/fizika_08/artemenkov-zd/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760136860" "alt" => "" "width" => "1891" "height" => "2427" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1058 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1061 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 48 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "фиолетовый" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "fioletovyy" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 48 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "фиолетовый" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "fioletovyy" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 379 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 492 ] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 1646 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1032} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1035} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1039} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1043} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1044} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1046} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1048} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1053} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1054} "field_publication_number" => "5" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2010" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "308" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/artemenkov-zd/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-046040-8" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_08/artemenkov-zd/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760136860" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/fizika_08/artemenkov-zd/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760136860" "alt" => "" "width" => "1891" "height" => "2427" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1058} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 379 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 492 ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1460052 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "IX. Основы динамики" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#333} "field_page_start" => "47" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1033} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1023} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1065 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 1753839 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1067 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 6390 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "stas" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1072 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 6390 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "stas" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1072} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460341" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>9.14</strong> Для каких систем отсчёта справедлив второй закон Ньютона? Объясните свой ответ.</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "14-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1741" "height" => 199 "path" => "/media/fizika_08/artemenkov-zd/0-09/14-1.webp?ts=1760701801" ] ] ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 1753839 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460341" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>9.14</strong> Для каких систем отсчёта справедлив второй закон Ньютона? Объясните свой ответ.</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "14-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1741" "height" => 199 "path" => "/media/fizika_08/artemenkov-zd/0-09/14-1.webp?ts=1760701801" ] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Element {#1073 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1821946 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1074 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1075 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 6688 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1076 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1078 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1079 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1080 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 6688 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1076} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1078} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1079} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1080} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460341" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p>Второй закон Ньютона справедлив для <strong>инерциальных систем отсчёта (ИСО)</strong>.</p><p><strong>Объяснение:</strong></p><p>Инерциальная система отсчёта — это система отсчёта, в которой выполняется первый закон Ньютона (закон инерции). Это означает, что любое тело, на которое не действуют силы или действие всех сил скомпенсировано (равнодействующая сила равна нулю), сохраняет состояние покоя или равномерного прямолинейного движения.</p><p>Второй закон Ньютона гласит, что ускорение тела $ \vec{a} $, которое оно получает, прямо пропорционально равнодействующей всех приложенных к нему сил $ \vec{F} $ и обратно пропорционально его массе $ m $. Математически это выражается формулой: $ \vec{F} = m\vec{a} $.</p><p>Эта простая и фундаментальная связь между силой и ускорением верна только в том случае, если ускорение $ \vec{a} $ измеряется относительно инерциальной системы отсчёта. В таких системах любое ускорение тела вызвано исключительно реальными силами, то есть результатами взаимодействия этого тела с другими телами.</p><p>В <strong>неинерциальных системах отсчёта</strong>, то есть в системах, которые движутся с ускорением относительно ИСО (например, разгоняющийся автомобиль, вращающаяся карусель, тормозящий поезд), второй закон Ньютона в форме $ \vec{F} = m\vec{a} $ не выполняется. Это связано с тем, что в таких системах появляются так называемые <em>силы инерции</em> (например, центробежная сила). Эти силы не вызваны взаимодействием с какими-либо телами, а являются следствием ускоренного движения самой системы отсчёта. Чтобы использовать второй закон Ньютона в неинерциальных системах, необходимо к сумме реальных сил добавлять эти фиктивные силы инерции.</p><p>Например, если вы находитесь в автомобиле, который резко поворачивает, вы чувствуете, как вас «прижимает» к двери. С точки зрения наблюдателя на земле (ИСО), на вас действует только реальная сила со стороны двери, заставляющая вас двигаться по дуге вместе с автомобилем. Однако в вашей системе отсчёта, связанной с автомобилем (неинерциальной), вы объясняете своё движение к двери появлением центробежной силы инерции, направленной от центра поворота.</p><p>Таким образом, второй закон Ньютона в своей канонической форме справедлив только для инерциальных систем отсчёта.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Второй закон Ньютона справедлив только для инерциальных систем отсчёта, то есть систем, которые покоятся или движутся прямолинейно и равномерно. В таких системах ускорение тела вызывается только реальными силами взаимодействия с другими телами.</p>" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1821946 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1074} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460341" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p>Второй закон Ньютона справедлив для <strong>инерциальных систем отсчёта (ИСО)</strong>.</p><p><strong>Объяснение:</strong></p><p>Инерциальная система отсчёта — это система отсчёта, в которой выполняется первый закон Ньютона (закон инерции). Это означает, что любое тело, на которое не действуют силы или действие всех сил скомпенсировано (равнодействующая сила равна нулю), сохраняет состояние покоя или равномерного прямолинейного движения.</p><p>Второй закон Ньютона гласит, что ускорение тела $ \vec{a} $, которое оно получает, прямо пропорционально равнодействующей всех приложенных к нему сил $ \vec{F} $ и обратно пропорционально его массе $ m $. Математически это выражается формулой: $ \vec{F} = m\vec{a} $.</p><p>Эта простая и фундаментальная связь между силой и ускорением верна только в том случае, если ускорение $ \vec{a} $ измеряется относительно инерциальной системы отсчёта. В таких системах любое ускорение тела вызвано исключительно реальными силами, то есть результатами взаимодействия этого тела с другими телами.</p><p>В <strong>неинерциальных системах отсчёта</strong>, то есть в системах, которые движутся с ускорением относительно ИСО (например, разгоняющийся автомобиль, вращающаяся карусель, тормозящий поезд), второй закон Ньютона в форме $ \vec{F} = m\vec{a} $ не выполняется. Это связано с тем, что в таких системах появляются так называемые <em>силы инерции</em> (например, центробежная сила). Эти силы не вызваны взаимодействием с какими-либо телами, а являются следствием ускоренного движения самой системы отсчёта. Чтобы использовать второй закон Ньютона в неинерциальных системах, необходимо к сумме реальных сил добавлять эти фиктивные силы инерции.</p><p>Например, если вы находитесь в автомобиле, который резко поворачивает, вы чувствуете, как вас «прижимает» к двери. С точки зрения наблюдателя на земле (ИСО), на вас действует только реальная сила со стороны двери, заставляющая вас двигаться по дуге вместе с автомобилем. Однако в вашей системе отсчёта, связанной с автомобилем (неинерциальной), вы объясняете своё движение к двери появлением центробежной силы инерции, направленной от центра поворота.</p><p>Таким образом, второй закон Ньютона в своей канонической форме справедлив только для инерциальных систем отсчёта.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Второй закон Ньютона справедлив только для инерциальных систем отсчёта, то есть систем, которые покоятся или движутся прямолинейно и равномерно. В таких системах ускорение тела вызывается только реальными силами взаимодействия с другими телами.</p>" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460342" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460340" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1030} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1243 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\BookPage {#1085 #connection: "mysql" #table: "book_pages" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 1462345 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "48" "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/page-48" "field_display_title" => "48" "field_folder" => "1" "field_image_name" => "48" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1089 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1084 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1090 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 1646 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1093 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1097 #items: array:3 [ …3] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1101 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1104 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1106 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1108 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1110 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1111 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1112 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publication_number" => "5" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1114 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2010" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "308" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/artemenkov-zd/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-046040-8" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_08/artemenkov-zd/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760136860" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ …4] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1115 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1116 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1117 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1118 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 379 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 492 ] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 1646 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1093} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1097} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1101} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1104} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1106} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1108} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1110} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1111} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1112} "field_publication_number" => "5" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1114} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2010" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "308" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/artemenkov-zd/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-046040-8" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_08/artemenkov-zd/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760136860" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ …4] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1115} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1116} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1117} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1118} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 379 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 492 ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1120 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1121 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1122 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1753906 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1123 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "book_page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462345" "type" => "book_page" ] "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ …5] ] ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1753906 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1123} "book_page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462345" "type" => "book_page" ] "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ …5] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462346" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462344" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130 #items: array:9 [ 0 => App\Models\Task {#1131 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1460339 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "48" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/09-12" "field_display_title" => "9.12" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1134 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1140 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1141 #items: array:2 [ …2] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460340" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460338" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1152 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462345" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1460339 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "48" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/09-12" "field_display_title" => "9.12" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1134} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1140} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1141} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460340" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460338" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1152} "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462345" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Task {#1153 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1460340 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "48" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/09-13" "field_display_title" => "9.13" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1154 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1155 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1156 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1157 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1158 #items: array:2 [ …2] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460341" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460339" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1163 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462345" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1460340 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "48" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/09-13" "field_display_title" => "9.13" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1154} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1155} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1156} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1157} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1158} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460341" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460339" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1163} "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462345" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 2 => App\Models\Task {#1164 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1460341 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "48" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/09-14" "field_display_title" => "9.14" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1165 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1166 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1167 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1168 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1169 #items: array:2 [ …2] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460342" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460340" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1174 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462345" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1460341 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "48" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/09-14" "field_display_title" => "9.14" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1165} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1166} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1167} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1168} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1169} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460342" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460340" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1174} "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462345" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 3 => App\Models\Task {#1175 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1460342 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "48" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/09-15" "field_display_title" => "9.15" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1176 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1177 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1178 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1179 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1180 #items: array:2 [ …2] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460343" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460341" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1185 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462345" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1460342 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "48" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/09-15" "field_display_title" => "9.15" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1176} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1177} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1178} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1179} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1180} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460343" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460341" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1185} "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462345" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 4 => App\Models\Task {#1186 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1460343 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "48" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/09-16" "field_display_title" => "9.16" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1187 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1188 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1189 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1190 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1191 #items: array:2 [ …2] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460344" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460342" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1196 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462345" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1460343 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "48" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/09-16" "field_display_title" => "9.16" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1187} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1188} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1189} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1190} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1191} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460344" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460342" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1196} "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462345" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 5 => App\Models\Task {#1197 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1460344 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "48" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/09-17" "field_display_title" => "9.17" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1198 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1199 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1200 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1201 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1202 #items: array:2 [ …2] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460345" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460343" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1207 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462345" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1460344 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "48" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/09-17" "field_display_title" => "9.17" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1198} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1199} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1200} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1201} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1202} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460345" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460343" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1207} "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462345" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 6 => App\Models\Task {#1208 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1460345 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "48" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/09-18" "field_display_title" => "9.18" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1209 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1210 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1211 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1212 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1213 #items: array:2 [ …2] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460346" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460344" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1218 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1460345 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "48" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/09-18" "field_display_title" => "9.18" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1209} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1210} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1211} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1212} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1213} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1218} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 7 => App\Models\Task {#1219 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1460346 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "48" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/09-19" "field_display_title" => "9.19" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1220 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1221 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1222 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1223 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1224 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1229 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1460346 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "48" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/09-19" "field_display_title" => "9.19" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1220 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1221 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1222 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1223 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1224 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1229 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 8 => App\Models\Task {#1230 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1460347 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "48" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/09-20" "field_display_title" => "9.20" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1231 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1232 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1233 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1234 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1235 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1240 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1460347 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "48" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/09-20" "field_display_title" => "9.20" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1231 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1232 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1233 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1234 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1235 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1240 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 1462345 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "48" "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/page-48" "field_display_title" => "48" "field_folder" => "1" "field_image_name" => "48" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1089} "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1084} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1120} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1121} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462346" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462344" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1460341 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "48" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/09-14" "field_display_title" => "9.14" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#331} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1026} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#342} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460342" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460340" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081} "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462345" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] }
№9.14 (с. 48)
Условие. №9.14 (с. 48)
скриншот условия
9.14 Для каких систем отсчёта справедлив второй закон Ньютона? Объясните свой ответ.
Решение. №9.14 (с. 48)
Второй закон Ньютона справедлив для инерциальных систем отсчёта (ИСО).
Объяснение:
Инерциальная система отсчёта — это система отсчёта, в которой выполняется первый закон Ньютона (закон инерции). Это означает, что любое тело, на которое не действуют силы или действие всех сил скомпенсировано (равнодействующая сила равна нулю), сохраняет состояние покоя или равномерного прямолинейного движения.
Второй закон Ньютона гласит, что ускорение тела $ \vec{a} $, которое оно получает, прямо пропорционально равнодействующей всех приложенных к нему сил $ \vec{F} $ и обратно пропорционально его массе $ m $. Математически это выражается формулой: $ \vec{F} = m\vec{a} $.
Эта простая и фундаментальная связь между силой и ускорением верна только в том случае, если ускорение $ \vec{a} $ измеряется относительно инерциальной системы отсчёта. В таких системах любое ускорение тела вызвано исключительно реальными силами, то есть результатами взаимодействия этого тела с другими телами.
В неинерциальных системах отсчёта, то есть в системах, которые движутся с ускорением относительно ИСО (например, разгоняющийся автомобиль, вращающаяся карусель, тормозящий поезд), второй закон Ньютона в форме $ \vec{F} = m\vec{a} $ не выполняется. Это связано с тем, что в таких системах появляются так называемые силы инерции (например, центробежная сила). Эти силы не вызваны взаимодействием с какими-либо телами, а являются следствием ускоренного движения самой системы отсчёта. Чтобы использовать второй закон Ньютона в неинерциальных системах, необходимо к сумме реальных сил добавлять эти фиктивные силы инерции.
Например, если вы находитесь в автомобиле, который резко поворачивает, вы чувствуете, как вас «прижимает» к двери. С точки зрения наблюдателя на земле (ИСО), на вас действует только реальная сила со стороны двери, заставляющая вас двигаться по дуге вместе с автомобилем. Однако в вашей системе отсчёта, связанной с автомобилем (неинерциальной), вы объясняете своё движение к двери появлением центробежной силы инерции, направленной от центра поворота.
Таким образом, второй закон Ньютона в своей канонической форме справедлив только для инерциальных систем отсчёта.
Ответ: Второй закон Ньютона справедлив только для инерциальных систем отсчёта, то есть систем, которые покоятся или движутся прямолинейно и равномерно. В таких системах ускорение тела вызывается только реальными силами взаимодействия с другими телами.
Другие задания:
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