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Номер 33, страница 268 - гдз по физике 8 класс учебник Громов, Родина
Авторы: Громов С. В., Родина Н. А., Белага В. В., Ломаченков И. А., Панебратцев Ю. А.
Тип: Учебник
Серия: классический курс
Издательство: Просвещение
Год издания: 2018 - 2026
Цвет обложки: синий
ISBN: 978-5-09-052825-2
Популярные ГДЗ в 8 классе
Задачи и упражнения - номер 33, страница 268.
App\Models\Task {#1024 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1612900 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "268" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/gromov-uchebnik/upr-33" "field_display_title" => "33" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#331 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1029 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1026 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#342 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1023 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1612241 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Задачи и упражнения" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#333 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "266" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1033 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1030 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 3654 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1032 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1035 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1039 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1045 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1046 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1048 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1054 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056 …2} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1058 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2018" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "830" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/gromov-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-052825-2" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062 …2} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/gromov-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 3654 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1032 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1035 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1039 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1045 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1046 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1048 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1054 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056 …2} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1058 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2018" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "830" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/gromov-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-052825-2" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062 …2} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/gromov-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1612241 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Задачи и упражнения" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#333} "field_page_start" => "266" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1033} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1023} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1068 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 1850626 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1069 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1070 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 6892 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "stas" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1074 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1075 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 6892 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "stas" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1074 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1075 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1612900" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>33.</strong> Металлический цилиндр массой 200 г нагрели в кипятке до 100 °С и затем опустили в воду массой 400 г, имеющую температуру 22 °С. Через некоторое время температура воды и цилиндра стала равной 25 °С. Чему равна удельная теплоёмкость металла, из которого изготовлен цилиндр? Тепловыми потерями пренебречь.</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "33-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1653" "height" => 360 "path" => "/media/fizika_08/gromov-u/0-upr/33-1.webp?ts=1763478070" ] ] ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 1850626 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1069} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1612900" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>33.</strong> Металлический цилиндр массой 200 г нагрели в кипятке до 100 °С и затем опустили в воду массой 400 г, имеющую температуру 22 °С. Через некоторое время температура воды и цилиндра стала равной 25 °С. Чему равна удельная теплоёмкость металла, из которого изготовлен цилиндр? Тепловыми потерями пренебречь.</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "33-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1653" "height" => 360 "path" => "/media/fizika_08/gromov-u/0-upr/33-1.webp?ts=1763478070" ] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Element {#1076 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1900687 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1077 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1078 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 7854 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1079 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1083 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 7854 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1079 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1083 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1612900" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>Дано:</strong></p><p>Масса металлического цилиндра, $m_ц = 200 \text{ г} = 0,2 \text{ кг}$<br>Начальная температура цилиндра, $t_ц = 100 \text{ °C}$<br>Масса воды, $m_в = 400 \text{ г} = 0,4 \text{ кг}$<br>Начальная температура воды, $t_в = 22 \text{ °C}$<br>Конечная (установившаяся) температура, $t = 25 \text{ °C}$<br>Удельная теплоёмкость воды, $c_в = 4200 \frac{Дж}{кг \cdot °С}$ (табличное значение)</p><p><strong>Найти:</strong></p><p>Удельную теплоёмкость металла, $c_ц$</p><p><strong>Решение:</strong></p><p>В соответствии с законом сохранения энергии, при теплообмене в изолированной системе количество теплоты, отданное более нагретым телом, равно количеству теплоты, полученному менее нагретым телом. В данном случае горячий цилиндр отдает тепло, а холодная вода его получает. По условию, тепловыми потерями можно пренебречь, поэтому можно составить уравнение теплового баланса:</p><p>$Q_{отданное} = Q_{полученное}$</p><p>Количество теплоты, отданное цилиндром при остывании от температуры $t_ц$ до температуры $\text{t}$, равно:</p><p>$Q_ц = c_ц \cdot m_ц \cdot (t_ц - t)$</p><p>Количество теплоты, полученное водой при нагревании от температуры $t_в$ до температуры $\text{t}$, равно:</p><p>$Q_в = c_в \cdot m_в \cdot (t - t_в)$</p><p>Приравнивая правые части выражений, получаем уравнение теплового баланса:</p><p>$c_ц \cdot m_ц \cdot (t_ц - t) = c_в \cdot m_в \cdot (t - t_в)$</p><p>Из этого уравнения выразим искомую удельную теплоёмкость металла $c_ц$:</p><p>$c_ц = \frac{c_в \cdot m_в \cdot (t - t_в)}{m_ц \cdot (t_ц - t)}$</p><p>Подставим числовые значения из условия задачи:</p><p>$c_ц = \frac{4200 \frac{Дж}{кг \cdot °С} \cdot 0,4 \text{ кг} \cdot (25 \text{ °C} - 22 \text{ °C})}{0,2 \text{ кг} \cdot (100 \text{ °C} - 25 \text{ °C})}$</p><p>$c_ц = \frac{4200 \cdot 0,4 \cdot 3}{0,2 \cdot 75}$</p><p>$c_ц = \frac{5040}{15}$</p><p>$c_ц = 336 \frac{Дж}{кг \cdot °С}$</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> удельная теплоёмкость металла, из которого изготовлен цилиндр, равна $336 \frac{Дж}{кг \cdot °С}$.</p>" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1900687 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1077} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1612900" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>Дано:</strong></p><p>Масса металлического цилиндра, $m_ц = 200 \text{ г} = 0,2 \text{ кг}$<br>Начальная температура цилиндра, $t_ц = 100 \text{ °C}$<br>Масса воды, $m_в = 400 \text{ г} = 0,4 \text{ кг}$<br>Начальная температура воды, $t_в = 22 \text{ °C}$<br>Конечная (установившаяся) температура, $t = 25 \text{ °C}$<br>Удельная теплоёмкость воды, $c_в = 4200 \frac{Дж}{кг \cdot °С}$ (табличное значение)</p><p><strong>Найти:</strong></p><p>Удельную теплоёмкость металла, $c_ц$</p><p><strong>Решение:</strong></p><p>В соответствии с законом сохранения энергии, при теплообмене в изолированной системе количество теплоты, отданное более нагретым телом, равно количеству теплоты, полученному менее нагретым телом. В данном случае горячий цилиндр отдает тепло, а холодная вода его получает. По условию, тепловыми потерями можно пренебречь, поэтому можно составить уравнение теплового баланса:</p><p>$Q_{отданное} = Q_{полученное}$</p><p>Количество теплоты, отданное цилиндром при остывании от температуры $t_ц$ до температуры $\text{t}$, равно:</p><p>$Q_ц = c_ц \cdot m_ц \cdot (t_ц - t)$</p><p>Количество теплоты, полученное водой при нагревании от температуры $t_в$ до температуры $\text{t}$, равно:</p><p>$Q_в = c_в \cdot m_в \cdot (t - t_в)$</p><p>Приравнивая правые части выражений, получаем уравнение теплового баланса:</p><p>$c_ц \cdot m_ц \cdot (t_ц - t) = c_в \cdot m_в \cdot (t - t_в)$</p><p>Из этого уравнения выразим искомую удельную теплоёмкость металла $c_ц$:</p><p>$c_ц = \frac{c_в \cdot m_в \cdot (t - t_в)}{m_ц \cdot (t_ц - t)}$</p><p>Подставим числовые значения из условия задачи:</p><p>$c_ц = \frac{4200 \frac{Дж}{кг \cdot °С} \cdot 0,4 \text{ кг} \cdot (25 \text{ °C} - 22 \text{ °C})}{0,2 \text{ кг} \cdot (100 \text{ °C} - 25 \text{ °C})}$</p><p>$c_ц = \frac{4200 \cdot 0,4 \cdot 3}{0,2 \cdot 75}$</p><p>$c_ц = \frac{5040}{15}$</p><p>$c_ц = 336 \frac{Дж}{кг \cdot °С}$</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> удельная теплоёмкость металла, из которого изготовлен цилиндр, равна $336 \frac{Дж}{кг \cdot °С}$.</p>" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1612901" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1612899" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1084 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1085 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false 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null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "fizika" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1089 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5457 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "8" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "vosmoj" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5457 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "8" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "vosmoj" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1090 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1091 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5153 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Просвещение" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => 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#escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1099 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1100 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6671 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Учебник" "field_book_type_foreign" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_plural_form" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "uchebnik" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6671 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Учебник" "field_book_type_foreign" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] 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App\Models\Term {#1110 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6706 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "ФГОС (старый)" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_color" => null "field_end_year" => "2022" "field_start_year" => "2019" "field_translit" => "fgos-old" "field_type" => null ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6706 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "ФГОС (старый)" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_color" => null "field_end_year" => "2022" "field_start_year" => "2019" "field_translit" => "fgos-old" "field_type" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1111 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1112 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1097} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2018" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "830" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/gromov-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-052825-2" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_08/gromov-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1763397517" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/fizika_08/gromov-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1763397517" "alt" => "" "width" => "1881" "height" => "2469" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1114 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1115 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/gromov-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1116 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1117 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 49 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "синий" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "siniy" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 49 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "синий" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "siniy" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 379 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 492 ] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 3654 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1090} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1092} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1099} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1101} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1103} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1105} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1107} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1108} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1111} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1112} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2018" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "830" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/gromov-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-052825-2" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_08/gromov-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1763397517" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/fizika_08/gromov-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1763397517" "alt" => "" "width" => "1881" "height" => "2469" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1114} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1115} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/gromov-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1116} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 379 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 492 ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1350 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\BookPage {#1121 #connection: "mysql" #table: "book_pages" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 1613341 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "268" "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/gromov-uchebnik/page-268" "field_display_title" => "268" "field_folder" => "1" "field_image_name" => "268" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1125 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1120 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1126 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 3654 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1127 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1129 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1133 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1140 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1142 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1149 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1150 …2} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1152 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1153 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2018" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "830" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/gromov-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-052825-2" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1154 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1155 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1156 …2} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/gromov-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1157 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 3654 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1127 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1129 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1133 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1140 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1142 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1149 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1150 …2} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1152 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1153 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2018" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "830" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/gromov-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-052825-2" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1154 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1155 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1156 …2} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/gromov-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1157 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1159 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1160 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1161 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1851052 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1162 …2} "book_page" => array:2 [ …2] "img" => array:1 [ …1] ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1851052 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1162 …2} "book_page" => array:2 [ …2] "img" => array:1 [ …1] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1613342" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1613340" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1169 #items: array:10 [ 0 => App\Models\Task {#1170 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1612895 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "268" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/gromov-uchebnik/upr-28" "field_display_title" => "28" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1171 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1173 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1174 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1212 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1213 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1230 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1612895 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "268" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/gromov-uchebnik/upr-28" "field_display_title" => "28" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1171 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1173 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1174 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1212 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1213 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1230 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Task {#1231 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1612896 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "268" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/gromov-uchebnik/upr-29" "field_display_title" => "29" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1232 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1233 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1234 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1235 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1236 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1253 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1612896 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "268" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/gromov-uchebnik/upr-29" "field_display_title" => "29" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1232 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1233 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1234 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1235 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1236 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1253 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 2 => App\Models\Task {#1254 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1612897 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "268" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/gromov-uchebnik/upr-30" "field_display_title" => "30" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1255 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1256 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1257 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1258 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1259 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1270 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1612897 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "268" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/gromov-uchebnik/upr-30" "field_display_title" => "30" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1255 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1256 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1257 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1258 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1259 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1270 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] 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№33 (с. 268)
Условие. №33 (с. 268)
скриншот условия
33. Металлический цилиндр массой 200 г нагрели в кипятке до 100 °С и затем опустили в воду массой 400 г, имеющую температуру 22 °С. Через некоторое время температура воды и цилиндра стала равной 25 °С. Чему равна удельная теплоёмкость металла, из которого изготовлен цилиндр? Тепловыми потерями пренебречь.
Решение. №33 (с. 268)
Дано:
Масса металлического цилиндра, $m_ц = 200 \text{ г} = 0,2 \text{ кг}$
Начальная температура цилиндра, $t_ц = 100 \text{ °C}$
Масса воды, $m_в = 400 \text{ г} = 0,4 \text{ кг}$
Начальная температура воды, $t_в = 22 \text{ °C}$
Конечная (установившаяся) температура, $t = 25 \text{ °C}$
Удельная теплоёмкость воды, $c_в = 4200 \frac{Дж}{кг \cdot °С}$ (табличное значение)
Найти:
Удельную теплоёмкость металла, $c_ц$
Решение:
В соответствии с законом сохранения энергии, при теплообмене в изолированной системе количество теплоты, отданное более нагретым телом, равно количеству теплоты, полученному менее нагретым телом. В данном случае горячий цилиндр отдает тепло, а холодная вода его получает. По условию, тепловыми потерями можно пренебречь, поэтому можно составить уравнение теплового баланса:
$Q_{отданное} = Q_{полученное}$
Количество теплоты, отданное цилиндром при остывании от температуры $t_ц$ до температуры $\text{t}$, равно:
$Q_ц = c_ц \cdot m_ц \cdot (t_ц - t)$
Количество теплоты, полученное водой при нагревании от температуры $t_в$ до температуры $\text{t}$, равно:
$Q_в = c_в \cdot m_в \cdot (t - t_в)$
Приравнивая правые части выражений, получаем уравнение теплового баланса:
$c_ц \cdot m_ц \cdot (t_ц - t) = c_в \cdot m_в \cdot (t - t_в)$
Из этого уравнения выразим искомую удельную теплоёмкость металла $c_ц$:
$c_ц = \frac{c_в \cdot m_в \cdot (t - t_в)}{m_ц \cdot (t_ц - t)}$
Подставим числовые значения из условия задачи:
$c_ц = \frac{4200 \frac{Дж}{кг \cdot °С} \cdot 0,4 \text{ кг} \cdot (25 \text{ °C} - 22 \text{ °C})}{0,2 \text{ кг} \cdot (100 \text{ °C} - 25 \text{ °C})}$
$c_ц = \frac{4200 \cdot 0,4 \cdot 3}{0,2 \cdot 75}$
$c_ц = \frac{5040}{15}$
$c_ц = 336 \frac{Дж}{кг \cdot °С}$
Ответ: удельная теплоёмкость металла, из которого изготовлен цилиндр, равна $336 \frac{Дж}{кг \cdot °С}$.
Другие задания:
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