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Лабораторная работа 10, страница 220 - гдз по физике 8 класс учебник Изергин
Авторы: Изергин Э. Т.
Тип: Учебник
Издательство: Русское слово
Год издания: 2019 - 2026
Цвет обложки: синий
ISBN: 978-5-533-01067-2
Популярные ГДЗ в 8 классе
Глава V. Геометрическая оптика. Параграф 39. Отражение света - страница 220.
App\Models\Task {#1024 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1492567 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "220" "field_page_end" => "221" "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/labrab-10" "field_display_title" => "Лабораторная работа 10" "field_outside_task" => "0" "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#331 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1029 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1026 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#342 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1492199 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Геометрическая оптика" "field_branch_order" => "V" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1023 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#333 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "211" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1033 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1030 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 4168 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1032 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1035 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1039 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1041 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1042 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1044 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1046 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1048 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1049 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1051 …2} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1053 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1054 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 8 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "417" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01067-2" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057 …2} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1058 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 4168 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1032 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1035 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1039 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1041 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1042 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1044 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1046 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1048 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1049 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1051 …2} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1053 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1054 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 8 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "417" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01067-2" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057 …2} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1058 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1492199 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Геометрическая оптика" "field_branch_order" => "V" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1023} "field_page_start" => "211" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1033} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1062 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1492199 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Геометрическая оптика" "field_branch_order" => "V" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1064 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "211" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1066 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 4168 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1069 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1075 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1076 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1078 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1080 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1083 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1084 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1085 …2} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1087 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 8 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "417" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01067-2" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1089 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1090 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091 …2} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1092 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 4168 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1069 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1075 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1076 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1078 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1080 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1083 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1084 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1085 …2} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1087 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 8 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "417" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01067-2" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1089 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1090 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091 …2} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1092 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1094 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1492199 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Геометрическая оптика" "field_branch_order" => "V" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063} "field_page_start" => "211" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1094} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Branch {#1095 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1492201 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Отражение света" "field_branch_order" => "39" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1096 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1097 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 32 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Параграф" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => "§" ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 32 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Параграф" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => "§" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "216" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1099 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 4168 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1104 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1106 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1108 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1111 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"field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01067-2" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1122 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1123 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1124 …2} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1125 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 4168 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100 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"field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 8 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "417" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01067-2" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1122 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1123 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1124 …2} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1125 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1127 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1128 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1492199 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Геометрическая оптика" "field_branch_order" => "V" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1129 …2} "field_page_start" => "211" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131 …2} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132 …2} ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1492199 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Геометрическая оптика" "field_branch_order" => "V" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1129 …2} "field_page_start" => "211" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131 …2} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132 …2} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: 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#relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1133 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1134 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 1774791 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1136 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 6496 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "stas" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1140 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1141 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 6496 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "stas" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1140 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1141 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1492567" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>Лабораторная работа 10</strong></p><p><strong>Исследование зависимости угла отражения света от угла падения</strong></p><p><strong>Цель работы:</strong> пронаблюдать явление отражения света. Убедиться в том, что угол отражения всегда равен углу падения. Закрепить навыки графического выражения искомой зависимости.</p><p><strong>Приборы и материалы:</strong> плоское зеркало, карандаш, линейка, транспортир, три иглы.</p><p><strong>Порядок выполнения работы</strong></p><p><strong>1.</strong> Положите на середину листа бумаги плоское зеркало и проведите линию, показывающую плоскость зеркала (<em>рис. 210</em>). Уберите зеркало и восстановите перпендикуляр к плоскости зеркала.</p><p>Рис. 210</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Начертите падающий луч — отрезок прямой, составляющий с перпендикуляром угол $30^\circ$. Это будет угол падения. Поставьте на проведённый отрезок подальше друг от друга иглы 1 и 2.</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Поставьте на прежнее место зеркало и рассмотрите в зеркале изображения игл 1 и 2. Поставьте иглу 3 так, чтобы казалось, что все три иглы стоят на одной линии. Через точку падения и след иглы 3 проведите отражённый луч.</p><p><strong>4.</strong> Измерьте транспортиром угол отражения. Результат измерения занесите в таблицу 25.</p><p><strong>5.</strong> Проделайте все те же операции при углах падения $45^\circ$ и $60^\circ$.</p><p><strong>6.</strong> Постройте график зависимости угла отражения (по оси ординат) от угла падения света (по оси абсцисс).</p><p>Таблица 25</p><p><strong>№ п/п</strong> - <strong>Угол падения $\alpha$</strong> - <strong>Угол отражения $\beta$</strong></p><p>1 - $0^\circ$ - $0^\circ$</p><p>2 - $30^\circ$ -</p><p>3 - $45^\circ$ -</p><p>4 - $60^\circ$ -</p><p>5 - $90^\circ$ - $90^\circ$</p><p><strong>7.</strong> Сделайте вывод.</p>" "img" => array:2 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "10-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1526" "height" => 1048 "path" => "/media/fizika_08/izergin-u/0-labrab/10-1.webp?ts=1761329292" ] 1 => array:5 [ "name" => "10-2.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1561" "height" => 2270 "path" => "/media/fizika_08/izergin-u/0-labrab/10-2.webp?ts=1761329292" ] ] ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 1774791 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1492567" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>Лабораторная работа 10</strong></p><p><strong>Исследование зависимости угла отражения света от угла падения</strong></p><p><strong>Цель работы:</strong> пронаблюдать явление отражения света. Убедиться в том, что угол отражения всегда равен углу падения. Закрепить навыки графического выражения искомой зависимости.</p><p><strong>Приборы и материалы:</strong> плоское зеркало, карандаш, линейка, транспортир, три иглы.</p><p><strong>Порядок выполнения работы</strong></p><p><strong>1.</strong> Положите на середину листа бумаги плоское зеркало и проведите линию, показывающую плоскость зеркала (<em>рис. 210</em>). Уберите зеркало и восстановите перпендикуляр к плоскости зеркала.</p><p>Рис. 210</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Начертите падающий луч — отрезок прямой, составляющий с перпендикуляром угол $30^\circ$. Это будет угол падения. Поставьте на проведённый отрезок подальше друг от друга иглы 1 и 2.</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Поставьте на прежнее место зеркало и рассмотрите в зеркале изображения игл 1 и 2. Поставьте иглу 3 так, чтобы казалось, что все три иглы стоят на одной линии. Через точку падения и след иглы 3 проведите отражённый луч.</p><p><strong>4.</strong> Измерьте транспортиром угол отражения. Результат измерения занесите в таблицу 25.</p><p><strong>5.</strong> Проделайте все те же операции при углах падения $45^\circ$ и $60^\circ$.</p><p><strong>6.</strong> Постройте график зависимости угла отражения (по оси ординат) от угла падения света (по оси абсцисс).</p><p>Таблица 25</p><p><strong>№ п/п</strong> - <strong>Угол падения $\alpha$</strong> - <strong>Угол отражения $\beta$</strong></p><p>1 - $0^\circ$ - $0^\circ$</p><p>2 - $30^\circ$ -</p><p>3 - $45^\circ$ -</p><p>4 - $60^\circ$ -</p><p>5 - $90^\circ$ - $90^\circ$</p><p><strong>7.</strong> Сделайте вывод.</p>" "img" => array:2 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "10-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1526" "height" => 1048 "path" => "/media/fizika_08/izergin-u/0-labrab/10-1.webp?ts=1761329292" ] 1 => array:5 [ "name" => "10-2.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1561" "height" => 2270 "path" => "/media/fizika_08/izergin-u/0-labrab/10-2.webp?ts=1761329292" ] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Element {#1142 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1851963 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1143 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1144 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 7014 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1147 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1149 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 7014 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1147 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1149 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1492567" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>Таблица 25</strong></p><p>Для заполнения пустых ячеек в таблице используется закон отражения света. Согласно этому закону, угол отражения света $\beta$ всегда равен углу падения $\alpha$. На основании этого правила, для каждого заданного угла падения мы можем определить соответствующий угол отражения:</p><p>При угле падения $\alpha = 30^{\circ}$, угол отражения $\beta = 30^{\circ}$.<br>При угле падения $\alpha = 45^{\circ}$, угол отражения $\beta = 45^{\circ}$.<br>При угле падения $\alpha = 60^{\circ}$, угол отражения $\beta = 60^{\circ}$.</p><p>Заполненная таблица приведена ниже.</p><div class="table-wrap"><table border="1" style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><thead><tr><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">№ п/п</th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Угол падения α</th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Угол отражения β</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">1</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">0°</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">0°</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">2</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">30°</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">30°</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">3</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">45°</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">45°</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">4</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">60°</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">60°</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">5</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">90°</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">90°</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> В таблицу вписаны значения углов отражения 30°, 45° и 60°, которые равны соответствующим углам падения.</p><p><strong>6.</strong> Постройте график зависимости угла отражения (по оси ординат) от угла падения света (по оси абсцисс).</p><p>Для построения графика необходимо нанести на координатную плоскость точки, координаты которых соответствуют данным из таблицы. По горизонтальной оси (оси абсцисс) откладываются значения угла падения $\alpha$, а по вертикальной оси (оси ординат) – значения угла отражения $\beta$. Нанесем точки с координатами (0°; 0°), (30°; 30°), (45°; 45°), (60°; 60°) и (90°; 90°). Соединив эти точки, мы получим прямую линию. Эта линия выходит из начала координат и идет под углом 45° к осям (при условии одинакового масштаба). Данный график является графическим представлением прямой пропорциональной зависимости, которая описывается формулой $\beta = \alpha$.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Графиком зависимости угла отражения от угла падения является прямая линия, проходящая через начало координат, что подтверждает прямую пропорциональную зависимость между этими углами.</p><p><strong>7.</strong> Сделайте вывод.</p><p>В ходе выполнения данной лабораторной работы было проведено исследование зависимости угла отражения света от угла падения. На основе экспериментальных данных, полученных для углов падения 0°, 30°, 45°, 60° и 90°, было установлено, что угол отражения во всех случаях равен углу падения. Построение графика зависимости угла отражения от угла падения показало, что эта зависимость является линейной и выражается формулой $\beta = \alpha$. Таким образом, цель работы была достигнута, и был экспериментально подтвержден один из основных законов геометрической оптики – закон отражения света, который гласит, что угол отражения равен углу падения, а падающий и отраженный лучи лежат в одной плоскости с перпендикуляром, восстановленным в точке падения.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Экспериментально доказано, что угол отражения света равен углу его падения, что подтверждает закон отражения света.</p>" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1851963 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1143} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1492567" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>Таблица 25</strong></p><p>Для заполнения пустых ячеек в таблице используется закон отражения света. Согласно этому закону, угол отражения света $\beta$ всегда равен углу падения $\alpha$. На основании этого правила, для каждого заданного угла падения мы можем определить соответствующий угол отражения:</p><p>При угле падения $\alpha = 30^{\circ}$, угол отражения $\beta = 30^{\circ}$.<br>При угле падения $\alpha = 45^{\circ}$, угол отражения $\beta = 45^{\circ}$.<br>При угле падения $\alpha = 60^{\circ}$, угол отражения $\beta = 60^{\circ}$.</p><p>Заполненная таблица приведена ниже.</p><div class="table-wrap"><table border="1" style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><thead><tr><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">№ п/п</th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Угол падения α</th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">Угол отражения β</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">1</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">0°</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">0°</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">2</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">30°</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">30°</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">3</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">45°</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">45°</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">4</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">60°</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">60°</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">5</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">90°</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">90°</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> В таблицу вписаны значения углов отражения 30°, 45° и 60°, которые равны соответствующим углам падения.</p><p><strong>6.</strong> Постройте график зависимости угла отражения (по оси ординат) от угла падения света (по оси абсцисс).</p><p>Для построения графика необходимо нанести на координатную плоскость точки, координаты которых соответствуют данным из таблицы. По горизонтальной оси (оси абсцисс) откладываются значения угла падения $\alpha$, а по вертикальной оси (оси ординат) – значения угла отражения $\beta$. Нанесем точки с координатами (0°; 0°), (30°; 30°), (45°; 45°), (60°; 60°) и (90°; 90°). Соединив эти точки, мы получим прямую линию. Эта линия выходит из начала координат и идет под углом 45° к осям (при условии одинакового масштаба). Данный график является графическим представлением прямой пропорциональной зависимости, которая описывается формулой $\beta = \alpha$.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Графиком зависимости угла отражения от угла падения является прямая линия, проходящая через начало координат, что подтверждает прямую пропорциональную зависимость между этими углами.</p><p><strong>7.</strong> Сделайте вывод.</p><p>В ходе выполнения данной лабораторной работы было проведено исследование зависимости угла отражения света от угла падения. На основе экспериментальных данных, полученных для углов падения 0°, 30°, 45°, 60° и 90°, было установлено, что угол отражения во всех случаях равен углу падения. Построение графика зависимости угла отражения от угла падения показало, что эта зависимость является линейной и выражается формулой $\beta = \alpha$. Таким образом, цель работы была достигнута, и был экспериментально подтвержден один из основных законов геометрической оптики – закон отражения света, который гласит, что угол отражения равен углу падения, а падающий и отраженный лучи лежат в одной плоскости с перпендикуляром, восстановленным в точке падения.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Экспериментально доказано, что угол отражения света равен углу его падения, что подтверждает закон отражения света.</p>" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1492568" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1492566" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1150 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1151 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 4168 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1152 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1153 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6493 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Физика" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "fizika" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6493 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Физика" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "fizika" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1154 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1155 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5457 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "8" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "vosmoj" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5457 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "8" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "vosmoj" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1156 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1157 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5176 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Русское слово" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "russkoe slovo" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5176 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Русское слово" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "russkoe slovo" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1158 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1159 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 4491 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Изергин" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Эдуард" "field_patronymic" => "Тимофеевич" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 4491 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Изергин" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Эдуард" "field_patronymic" => "Тимофеевич" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1160 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1161 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1162 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6671 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Учебник" "field_book_type_foreign" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_plural_form" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "uchebnik" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6671 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Учебник" "field_book_type_foreign" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_plural_form" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "uchebnik" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1163 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1164 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1165 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1166 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1167 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1168 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1169 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1170 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1171 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6706 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "ФГОС (старый)" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_color" => null "field_end_year" => "2022" "field_start_year" => "2019" "field_translit" => "fgos-old" "field_type" => null ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6706 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "ФГОС (старый)" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_color" => null "field_end_year" => "2022" "field_start_year" => "2019" "field_translit" => "fgos-old" "field_type" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1172 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1173 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 8 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "417" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01067-2" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_08/izergin-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760998278" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/fizika_08/izergin-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760998278" "alt" => "" "width" => "1608" "height" => "2576" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1174 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1175 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1176 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1177 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1178 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 49 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "синий" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "siniy" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 49 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "синий" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "siniy" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 379 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 492 ] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 4168 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1152} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1154} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1156} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1158} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1160} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1161} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1163} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1165} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1167} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1168} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1169} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1170} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1172} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1173} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 8 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "417" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01067-2" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_08/izergin-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760998278" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/fizika_08/izergin-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760998278" "alt" => "" "width" => "1608" "height" => "2576" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1174} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1175} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1176} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1177} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 379 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 492 ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#2106 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\BookPage {#1183 #connection: "mysql" #table: "book_pages" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 1492112 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "220" "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/page-220" "field_display_title" => "220" "field_folder" => "1" "field_image_name" => "220" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1195 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1194 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1196 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 4168 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1197 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1199 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1201 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1203 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1205 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1206 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1208 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1210 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1212 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1213 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1214 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1215 …2} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1217 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1218 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 8 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "417" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01067-2" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1219 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1220 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1221 …2} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1222 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 4168 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1197 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1199 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1201 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1203 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1205 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1206 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1208 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1210 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1212 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1213 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1214 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1215 …2} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1217 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1218 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 8 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "417" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01067-2" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1219 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1220 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1221 …2} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1222 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1224 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1225 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1226 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1775013 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1227 …2} "book_page" => array:2 [ …2] "img" => array:1 [ …1] ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1775013 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1227 …2} "book_page" => array:2 [ …2] "img" => array:1 [ …1] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1492113" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1492111" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1234 #items: array:7 [ 0 => App\Models\Task {#1235 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1492561 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "220" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/39-1" "field_display_title" => "1" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1236 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1238 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1239 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1273 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1283 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1300 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1492561 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "220" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/39-1" "field_display_title" => "1" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1236 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1238 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1239 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1273 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1283 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1300 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Task {#1301 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1492562 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "220" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/39-2" "field_display_title" => "2" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1302 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1304 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1305 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1339 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1411 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1428 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1492562 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "220" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/39-2" "field_display_title" => "2" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1302 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1304 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1305 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1339 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1411 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1428 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 2 => App\Models\Task {#1457 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false 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Лабораторная работа 10 (с. 220)
Условие. Лабораторная работа 10 (с. 220)
скриншот условия
Лабораторная работа 10
Исследование зависимости угла отражения света от угла падения
Цель работы: пронаблюдать явление отражения света. Убедиться в том, что угол отражения всегда равен углу падения. Закрепить навыки графического выражения искомой зависимости.
Приборы и материалы: плоское зеркало, карандаш, линейка, транспортир, три иглы.
Порядок выполнения работы
1. Положите на середину листа бумаги плоское зеркало и проведите линию, показывающую плоскость зеркала (рис. 210). Уберите зеркало и восстановите перпендикуляр к плоскости зеркала.
Рис. 210
2. Начертите падающий луч — отрезок прямой, составляющий с перпендикуляром угол $30^\circ$. Это будет угол падения. Поставьте на проведённый отрезок подальше друг от друга иглы 1 и 2.
3. Поставьте на прежнее место зеркало и рассмотрите в зеркале изображения игл 1 и 2. Поставьте иглу 3 так, чтобы казалось, что все три иглы стоят на одной линии. Через точку падения и след иглы 3 проведите отражённый луч.
4. Измерьте транспортиром угол отражения. Результат измерения занесите в таблицу 25.
5. Проделайте все те же операции при углах падения $45^\circ$ и $60^\circ$.
6. Постройте график зависимости угла отражения (по оси ординат) от угла падения света (по оси абсцисс).
Таблица 25
№ п/п - Угол падения $\alpha$ - Угол отражения $\beta$
1 - $0^\circ$ - $0^\circ$
2 - $30^\circ$ -
3 - $45^\circ$ -
4 - $60^\circ$ -
5 - $90^\circ$ - $90^\circ$
7. Сделайте вывод.
Решение. Лабораторная работа 10 (с. 220)
Таблица 25
Для заполнения пустых ячеек в таблице используется закон отражения света. Согласно этому закону, угол отражения света $\beta$ всегда равен углу падения $\alpha$. На основании этого правила, для каждого заданного угла падения мы можем определить соответствующий угол отражения:
При угле падения $\alpha = 30^{\circ}$, угол отражения $\beta = 30^{\circ}$.
При угле падения $\alpha = 45^{\circ}$, угол отражения $\beta = 45^{\circ}$.
При угле падения $\alpha = 60^{\circ}$, угол отражения $\beta = 60^{\circ}$.
Заполненная таблица приведена ниже.
| № п/п | Угол падения α | Угол отражения β |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 0° | 0° |
| 2 | 30° | 30° |
| 3 | 45° | 45° |
| 4 | 60° | 60° |
| 5 | 90° | 90° |
Ответ: В таблицу вписаны значения углов отражения 30°, 45° и 60°, которые равны соответствующим углам падения.
6. Постройте график зависимости угла отражения (по оси ординат) от угла падения света (по оси абсцисс).
Для построения графика необходимо нанести на координатную плоскость точки, координаты которых соответствуют данным из таблицы. По горизонтальной оси (оси абсцисс) откладываются значения угла падения $\alpha$, а по вертикальной оси (оси ординат) – значения угла отражения $\beta$. Нанесем точки с координатами (0°; 0°), (30°; 30°), (45°; 45°), (60°; 60°) и (90°; 90°). Соединив эти точки, мы получим прямую линию. Эта линия выходит из начала координат и идет под углом 45° к осям (при условии одинакового масштаба). Данный график является графическим представлением прямой пропорциональной зависимости, которая описывается формулой $\beta = \alpha$.
Ответ: Графиком зависимости угла отражения от угла падения является прямая линия, проходящая через начало координат, что подтверждает прямую пропорциональную зависимость между этими углами.
7. Сделайте вывод.
В ходе выполнения данной лабораторной работы было проведено исследование зависимости угла отражения света от угла падения. На основе экспериментальных данных, полученных для углов падения 0°, 30°, 45°, 60° и 90°, было установлено, что угол отражения во всех случаях равен углу падения. Построение графика зависимости угла отражения от угла падения показало, что эта зависимость является линейной и выражается формулой $\beta = \alpha$. Таким образом, цель работы была достигнута, и был экспериментально подтвержден один из основных законов геометрической оптики – закон отражения света, который гласит, что угол отражения равен углу падения, а падающий и отраженный лучи лежат в одной плоскости с перпендикуляром, восстановленным в точке падения.
Ответ: Экспериментально доказано, что угол отражения света равен углу его падения, что подтверждает закон отражения света.
Другие задания:
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