Вопросы, страница 63 - гдз по физике 8 класс учебник Кабардин

Физика, 8 класс Учебник, автор: Кабардин Олег Фёдорович, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2014, серого цвета, обложка

Авторы: Кабардин О. Ф.

Тип: Учебник

Серия: архимед

Издательство: Просвещение

Год издания: 2014 - 2026

Цвет обложки: серый

ISBN: 978-5-09-039625-7

Электрические и магнитные явления. Параграф 14. Полупроводниковые приборы - страница 63.

App\Models\Task {#1003 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php
  #connection: "mysql"
  #table: "tasks"
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  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
  #attributes: array:24 [
    "id" => 2179125
    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
    "updated_at" => null
    "field_page_start" => "63"
    "field_page_end" => null
    "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/kabardin-uchebnik/14vopr-2"
    "field_display_title" => "Вопросы"
    "field_outside_task" => null
    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1008
      #items: []
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "field_metatags_title" => null
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    "field_h1" => null
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    "field_description_bottom" => null
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    "breadcrumbs" => []
    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1006
      #items: []
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1017
      #items: array:1 [
        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1016
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
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          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 2178975
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Электрические и магнитные явления"
            "field_branch_order" => null
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1018
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              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "3"
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            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1028
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1027
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "books"
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                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                          #original: array:6 [
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                          #changes: []
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                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
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                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1033
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                          ]
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                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1043
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                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
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                            "field_patronymic" => "Фёдорович"
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                          ]
                          #original: array:12 [
                            "id" => 4514
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                            "updated_at" => null
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                          ]
                          #changes: []
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                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1037
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                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1040
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                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1046
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                            "name" => "ФГОС (старый)"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => null
                              "field_creative_case" => null
                              "field_dative_case" => null
                              "field_genitive_case" => null
                              "field_nominative_case" => null
                              "field_prepositional_case" => null
                            ]
                            "field_color" => null
                            "field_end_year" => "2022"
                            "field_start_year" => "2019"
                            "field_translit" => "fgos-old"
                            "field_type" => null
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_publication_number" => "3"
                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1048
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
                    "field_cover_description" => null
                    "field_publication_year" => "2014"
                    "field_publication_year_until" => null
                    "field_part" => ""
                    "field_part_writing" => ""
                    "field_second_foreign_language" => null
                    "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для общеобразовательных организаций"
                    "field_allowed" => null
                    "field_reserve_field" => null
                    "field_link_to_source" => null
                    "field_tasks_count" => "298"
                    "field_priority" => null
                    "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/kabardin-u/"
                    "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-039625-7"
                    "field_cover" => array:1 [
                      0 => "/media/fizika_08/kabardin-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1771346691"
                    ]
                    "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [
                      0 => "обложка"
                    ]
                    "field_covers" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:4 [
                        "path" => "/media/fizika_08/kabardin-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1771346691"
                        "alt" => "обложка"
                        "width" => "1984"
                        "height" => "2835"
                      ]
                    ]
                    "field_popular_book" => "0"
                    "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1049
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/kabardin-uchebnik"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1057
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 54
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "серый"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => "серый"
                              "field_creative_case" => "серым"
                              "field_dative_case" => "серому"
                              "field_genitive_case" => "серого"
                              "field_nominative_case" => "серый"
                              "field_prepositional_case" => "сером"
                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "seryy"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 54
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "серый"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => "серый"
                              "field_creative_case" => "серым"
                              "field_dative_case" => "серому"
                              "field_genitive_case" => "серого"
                              "field_nominative_case" => "серый"
                              "field_prepositional_case" => "сером"
                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "seryy"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
                      "class" => 379
                      "subject" => 556
                      "class_subject" => 492
                    ]
                  ]
                  #original: array:50 [
                    "id" => 861
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks"
                    "field_pages_status" => null
                    "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1032}
                    "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1034}
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1036}
                    "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1044}
                    "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1030}
                    "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1038}
                    "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1039}
                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1046}
                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1054}
                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1035}
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1047}
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1051}
                    "field_publication_number" => "3"
                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1048}
                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050}
                    "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
                    "field_cover_description" => null
                    "field_publication_year" => "2014"
                    "field_publication_year_until" => null
                    "field_part" => ""
                    "field_part_writing" => ""
                    "field_second_foreign_language" => null
                    "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для общеобразовательных организаций"
                    "field_allowed" => null
                    "field_reserve_field" => null
                    "field_link_to_source" => null
                    "field_tasks_count" => "298"
                    "field_priority" => null
                    "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/kabardin-u/"
                    "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-039625-7"
                    "field_cover" => array:1 [
                      0 => "/media/fizika_08/kabardin-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1771346691"
                    ]
                    "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [
                      0 => "обложка"
                    ]
                    "field_covers" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:4 [
                        "path" => "/media/fizika_08/kabardin-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1771346691"
                        "alt" => "обложка"
                        "width" => "1984"
                        "height" => "2835"
                      ]
                    ]
                    "field_popular_book" => "0"
                    "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1049}
                    "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055}
                    "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056}
                    "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/kabardin-uchebnik"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
                      "class" => 379
                      "subject" => 556
                      "class_subject" => 492
                    ]
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1020
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 2178975
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Электрические и магнитные явления"
            "field_branch_order" => null
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1018}
            "field_page_start" => "3"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1028}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1020}
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081
      #items: array:2 [
        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1089
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 2178975
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Электрические и магнитные явления"
            "field_branch_order" => null
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1090
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "3"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1027}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1092
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 2178975
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Электрические и магнитные явления"
            "field_branch_order" => null
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1090}
            "field_page_start" => "3"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1092}
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        1 => App\Models\Branch {#1093
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 2178990
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Полупроводниковые приборы"
            "field_branch_order" => "14"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1097
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1094
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:7 [
                    "id" => 32
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Параграф"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
                      "field_accusative_case" => "Параграф"
                      "field_creative_case" => "Параграфом"
                      "field_dative_case" => "Параграфу"
                      "field_genitive_case" => "Параграфа"
                      "field_nominative_case" => "Параграф"
                      "field_prepositional_case" => "Параграфе"
                    ]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => null
                    "field_short_name" => "§"
                  ]
                  #original: array:7 [
                    "id" => 32
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Параграф"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
                      "field_accusative_case" => "Параграф"
                      "field_creative_case" => "Параграфом"
                      "field_dative_case" => "Параграфу"
                      "field_genitive_case" => "Параграфа"
                      "field_nominative_case" => "Параграф"
                      "field_prepositional_case" => "Параграфе"
                    ]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => null
                    "field_short_name" => "§"
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "60"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1096
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1027}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1016}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 2178990
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Полупроводниковые приборы"
            "field_branch_order" => "14"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1097}
            "field_page_start" => "60"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1096}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095}
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073
      #items: array:1 [
        0 => App\Models\Element {#1074
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "elements"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:6 [
            "id" => 2054232
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1063
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "editions"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:21 [
                    "id" => 9466
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Условие"
                    "field_order" => "1"
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1033}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_content_type" => "free"
                    "field_content_mode" => "text, image"
                    "field_page_content_mode" => "image"
                    "field_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_solution_author" => "Автор"
                    "field_moderator" => "stas"
                    "field_edition_type" => "statement"
                    "field_root_dir" => "0-"
                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1025
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_comment" => null
                    "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_process_formula" => ""
                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1058
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_content_source" => null
                  ]
                  #original: array:21 [
                    "id" => 9466
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Условие"
                    "field_order" => "1"
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061}
                    "field_content_type" => "free"
                    "field_content_mode" => "text, image"
                    "field_page_content_mode" => "image"
                    "field_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_solution_author" => "Автор"
                    "field_moderator" => "stas"
                    "field_edition_type" => "statement"
                    "field_root_dir" => "0-"
                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1025}
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}
Вопросы (с. 63)
Условие. Вопросы (с. 63)
Физика, 8 класс Учебник, автор: Кабардин Олег Фёдорович, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2014, серого цвета, страница 63, Условие
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