gdz.top
Номер 6, страница 15 - гдз по физике 8 класс дидактические материалы Марон, Марон
Авторы: Марон А. Е., Марон Е. А.
Тип: Дидактические материалы
Издательство: Просвещение
Год издания: 2022 - 2026
Уровень обучения: базовый
Цвет обложки: белый
ISBN: 978-5-09-111138-5
Популярные ГДЗ в 8 классе
Тренировочные задания. Тепловые явления. ТЗ-7. Плавление и отвердевание - номер 6, страница 15.
App\Models\Task {#1030 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1469928 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "15" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/tz07-6" "field_display_title" => "6" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1036 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1035 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1074 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1034 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1469733 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Тренировочные задания" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1039 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "4" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1038 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1040 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 1038 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1041 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1043 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1045 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1047 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1051 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1053 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1058 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061 …2} "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2022" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "661" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/maron-dm/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-111138-5" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068 …2} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1069 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 1038 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1041 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1043 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1045 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1047 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1051 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1053 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1058 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061 …2} "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2022" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "661" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/maron-dm/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-111138-5" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068 …2} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1069 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1469733 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Тренировочные задания" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1039} "field_page_start" => "4" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1038} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109 #items: array:3 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1119 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1469733 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Тренировочные задания" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1120 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "4" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1154 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1121 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 1038 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1123 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1122 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6493 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Физика" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "fizika" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6493 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Физика" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "fizika" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1124 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1125 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5457 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "8" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "vosmoj" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5457 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "8" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "vosmoj" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1126 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1127 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5153 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Просвещение" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "prosveschenie" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5153 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Просвещение" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "prosveschenie" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1128 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1129 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 5107 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Марон" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Абрам" "field_patronymic" => "Евсеевич" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 5107 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Марон" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Абрам" "field_patronymic" => "Евсеевич" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Term {#1130 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 5108 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Марон" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Евгений" "field_patronymic" => "Абрамович" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 5108 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Марон" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Евгений" "field_patronymic" => "Абрамович" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1133 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6510 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Дидактические материалы" "field_book_type_foreign" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_plural_form" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "didakticheskie materialy" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6510 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Дидактические материалы" "field_book_type_foreign" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_plural_form" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "didakticheskie materialy" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1134 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1135 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1137 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1138 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1140 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1141 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 38 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "базовый" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "bazovyy" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 38 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "базовый" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "bazovyy" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1142 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1143 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 25 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "ФГОС (новый)" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_color" => "красный" "field_end_year" => "2027" "field_start_year" => "2023" "field_translit" => "fgos" "field_type" => "новый" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 25 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "ФГОС (новый)" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_color" => "красный" "field_end_year" => "2027" "field_start_year" => "2023" "field_translit" => "fgos" "field_type" => "новый" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1145 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 33 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "стереотипное" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "stereotipnoe" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 33 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "стереотипное" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "stereotipnoe" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2022" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "661" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/maron-dm/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-111138-5" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_08/maron-dm/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760461989" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/fizika_08/maron-dm/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760461989" "alt" => "" "width" => "2294" "height" => "3039" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1147 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1149 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1150 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1151 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 45 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "белый" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "belyy" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 45 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "белый" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "belyy" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 379 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 492 ] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 1038 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1123} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1124} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1126} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1128} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1134} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1138} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1140} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1142} "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2022" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "661" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/maron-dm/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-111138-5" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_08/maron-dm/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760461989" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/fizika_08/maron-dm/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760461989" "alt" => "" "width" => "2294" "height" => "3039" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1147} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1149} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1150} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 379 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 492 ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1152 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1469733 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Тренировочные задания" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1120} "field_page_start" => "4" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1154} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1152} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Branch {#1153 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1469734 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Тепловые явления" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1155 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "4" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1156 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1121} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1157 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1034} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1469734 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Тепловые явления" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1155} "field_page_start" => "4" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1156} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1157} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 2 => App\Models\Branch {#1158 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1469741 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "ТЗ-7. Плавление и отвердевание" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1159 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "15" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1160 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1121} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1169 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1168 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1469734 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Тепловые явления" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1170 …2} "field_page_start" => "4" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1171 …2} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1172 …2} ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1469734 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Тепловые явления" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1170 …2} "field_page_start" => "4" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1171 …2} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1172 …2} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1469741 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "ТЗ-7. Плавление и отвердевание" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1159} "field_page_start" => "15" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1160} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1169} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1072 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1101 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 1761343 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1099 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 6406 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1097 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "stas" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1096 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 6406 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1097 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "stas" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1096 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1469928" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>6.</strong> Чтобы предохранить овощи от замерзания в погребе рядом с ними ставят большой таз с водой. Как соседство с водой может спасти овощи?</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "6-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1437" "height" => 248 "path" => "/media/fizika_08/maron-dm/0-tz07/6-1.webp?ts=1760803459" ] ] ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 1761343 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1469928" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>6.</strong> Чтобы предохранить овощи от замерзания в погребе рядом с ними ставят большой таз с водой. Как соседство с водой может спасти овощи?</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "6-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1437" "height" => 248 "path" => "/media/fizika_08/maron-dm/0-tz07/6-1.webp?ts=1760803459" ] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Element {#1094 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1820758 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1085 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1093 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 6684 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1089 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1090 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1087 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 6684 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1089 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1090 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1087 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1469928" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>Решение</strong></p><p>Это явление объясняется уникальными теплофизическими свойствами воды, в частности ее поведением при замерзании.</p><p>Когда температура в погребе начинает опускаться, вода в тазу также остывает. Вода обладает очень высокой удельной теплоемкостью ($c \approx 4200 \, \frac{Дж}{кг \cdot °C}$), поэтому при остывании она отдает в окружающую среду большое количество теплоты, замедляя общее падение температуры в погребе.</p><p>Однако главный защитный механизм включается, когда температура достигает 0°C. При этой температуре вода начинает замерзать — переходить из жидкого состояния в твердое (лед). Этот процесс, называемый кристаллизацией, сопровождается выделением огромного количества энергии, известной как удельная теплота плавления (или кристаллизации). Для воды ее значение очень велико: $\lambda \approx 3,3 \cdot 10^5 \, \frac{Дж}{кг}$.</p><p>Эта выделяющаяся теплота поглощается воздухом в погребе и самими овощами. Важно, что пока вся вода в тазу не превратится в лед, ее температура будет оставаться постоянной — ровно 0°C. Таким образом, таз с замерзающей водой работает как обогреватель, поддерживая температуру в погребе на уровне, безопасном для овощей (большинство овощей замерзает при температуре немного ниже 0°C, так как клеточный сок является раствором).</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong></p><p>Соседство с водой спасает овощи, потому что при замерзании вода выделяет большое количество теплоты. Когда температура в погребе опускается до 0°C, вода в тазу начинает превращаться в лед, и этот процесс поддерживает температуру в погребе на уровне около 0°C, не давая ей опуститься ниже и заморозить овощи. Вода в данном случае выступает в роли теплового буфера.</p>" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1820758 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1085} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1469928" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>Решение</strong></p><p>Это явление объясняется уникальными теплофизическими свойствами воды, в частности ее поведением при замерзании.</p><p>Когда температура в погребе начинает опускаться, вода в тазу также остывает. Вода обладает очень высокой удельной теплоемкостью ($c \approx 4200 \, \frac{Дж}{кг \cdot °C}$), поэтому при остывании она отдает в окружающую среду большое количество теплоты, замедляя общее падение температуры в погребе.</p><p>Однако главный защитный механизм включается, когда температура достигает 0°C. При этой температуре вода начинает замерзать — переходить из жидкого состояния в твердое (лед). Этот процесс, называемый кристаллизацией, сопровождается выделением огромного количества энергии, известной как удельная теплота плавления (или кристаллизации). Для воды ее значение очень велико: $\lambda \approx 3,3 \cdot 10^5 \, \frac{Дж}{кг}$.</p><p>Эта выделяющаяся теплота поглощается воздухом в погребе и самими овощами. Важно, что пока вся вода в тазу не превратится в лед, ее температура будет оставаться постоянной — ровно 0°C. Таким образом, таз с замерзающей водой работает как обогреватель, поддерживая температуру в погребе на уровне, безопасном для овощей (большинство овощей замерзает при температуре немного ниже 0°C, так как клеточный сок является раствором).</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong></p><p>Соседство с водой спасает овощи, потому что при замерзании вода выделяет большое количество теплоты. Когда температура в погребе опускается до 0°C, вода в тазу начинает превращаться в лед, и этот процесс поддерживает температуру в погребе на уровне около 0°C, не давая ей опуститься ниже и заморозить овощи. Вода в данном случае выступает в роли теплового буфера.</p>" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1469929" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1469927" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1104 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1121} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1076 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\BookPage {#1106 #connection: "mysql" #table: "book_pages" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 1469619 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "15" "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/page-15" "field_display_title" => "15" "field_folder" => "1" "field_image_name" => "15" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1083 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1121} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1084 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1115 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1108 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1761499 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1117 …2} "book_page" => array:2 [ …2] "img" => array:1 [ …1] ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1761499 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1117 …2} "book_page" => array:2 [ …2] "img" => array:1 [ …1] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1469620" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1469618" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1263 #items: array:11 [ 0 => App\Models\Task {#1281 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1469920 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "15" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/tz06-10" "field_display_title" => "10" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1282 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1283 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1284 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1391 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1320 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1387 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1469920 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "15" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/tz06-10" "field_display_title" => "10" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1282 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1283 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1284 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1391 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1320 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1387 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Task {#1354 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1469921 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "15" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/tz06-11" "field_display_title" => "11" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1398 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1386 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1357 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1355 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1389 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1376 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1469921 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "15" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/tz06-11" "field_display_title" => "11" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1398 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1386 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1357 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1355 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1389 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1376 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 2 => App\Models\Task {#1382 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1469922 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "15" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/tz06-12" "field_display_title" => "12" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1358 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1373 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1377 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1379 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1380 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1363 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1469922 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "15" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/tz06-12" "field_display_title" => "12" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1358 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1373 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1377 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1379 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1380 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1363 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 3 => App\Models\Task {#1370 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1469923 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "15" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/tz07-1" "field_display_title" => "1" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1378 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1361 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1367 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1368 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1365 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1350 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1469923 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "15" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/tz07-1" "field_display_title" => "1" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1378 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1361 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1367 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1368 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1365 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1350 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 4 => App\Models\Task {#1322 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1469924 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "15" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/tz07-2" "field_display_title" => "2" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1366 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1348 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1353 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1323 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1352 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1339 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1469924 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "15" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/tz07-2" "field_display_title" => "2" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1366 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1348 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1353 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1323 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1352 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1339 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 5 => App\Models\Task {#1342 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1469925 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "15" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/tz07-3" "field_display_title" => "3" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1351 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1337 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1340 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1343 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1341 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1327 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1469925 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "15" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/tz07-3" "field_display_title" => "3" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1351 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1337 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1340 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1343 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1341 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1327 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 6 => App\Models\Task {#1332 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1469926 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "15" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/tz07-4" "field_display_title" => "4" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1338 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null …11 ] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 7 => App\Models\Task {#1288 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 8 => App\Models\Task {#1308 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 9 => App\Models\Task {#1296 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 10 => App\Models\Task {#1287 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 1469619 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "15" "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/page-15" "field_display_title" => "15" "field_folder" => "1" "field_image_name" => "15" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086} "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1083} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1084} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1115} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1469620" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1469618" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1263} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1469928 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "15" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/maron-didakticheskie-materialy/tz07-6" "field_display_title" => "6" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1035} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1074} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1072} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1469929" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1469927" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1104} "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1469619" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] }
№6 (с. 15)
Условие. №6 (с. 15)
скриншот условия
6. Чтобы предохранить овощи от замерзания в погребе рядом с ними ставят большой таз с водой. Как соседство с водой может спасти овощи?
Решение. №6 (с. 15)
Решение
Это явление объясняется уникальными теплофизическими свойствами воды, в частности ее поведением при замерзании.
Когда температура в погребе начинает опускаться, вода в тазу также остывает. Вода обладает очень высокой удельной теплоемкостью ($c \approx 4200 \, \frac{Дж}{кг \cdot °C}$), поэтому при остывании она отдает в окружающую среду большое количество теплоты, замедляя общее падение температуры в погребе.
Однако главный защитный механизм включается, когда температура достигает 0°C. При этой температуре вода начинает замерзать — переходить из жидкого состояния в твердое (лед). Этот процесс, называемый кристаллизацией, сопровождается выделением огромного количества энергии, известной как удельная теплота плавления (или кристаллизации). Для воды ее значение очень велико: $\lambda \approx 3,3 \cdot 10^5 \, \frac{Дж}{кг}$.
Эта выделяющаяся теплота поглощается воздухом в погребе и самими овощами. Важно, что пока вся вода в тазу не превратится в лед, ее температура будет оставаться постоянной — ровно 0°C. Таким образом, таз с замерзающей водой работает как обогреватель, поддерживая температуру в погребе на уровне, безопасном для овощей (большинство овощей замерзает при температуре немного ниже 0°C, так как клеточный сок является раствором).
Ответ:
Соседство с водой спасает овощи, потому что при замерзании вода выделяет большое количество теплоты. Когда температура в погребе опускается до 0°C, вода в тазу начинает превращаться в лед, и этот процесс поддерживает температуру в погребе на уровне около 0°C, не давая ей опуститься ниже и заморозить овощи. Вода в данном случае выступает в роли теплового буфера.
Другие задания:
Помогло решение? Оставьте отзыв в комментариях ниже.
Присоединяйтесь к Телеграм-группе @top_gdz
ПрисоединитьсяМы подготовили для вас ответ c подробным объяснением домашего задания по физике за 8 класс, для упражнения номер 6 расположенного на странице 15 к дидактическим материалам 2022 года издания для учащихся школ и гимназий.
Теперь на нашем сайте ГДЗ.ТОП вы всегда легко и бесплатно найдёте условие с правильным ответом на вопрос «Как решить ДЗ» и «Как сделать» задание по физике к упражнению №6 (с. 15), авторов: Марон (Абрам Евсеевич), Марон (Евгений Абрамович), ФГОС (новый, красный) базовый уровень обучения учебного пособия издательства Просвещение.