Номер 2.53, страница 66 - гдз по геометрии 8 класс учебник Шыныбеков, Шыныбеков

Геометрия, 8 класс Учебник, авторы: Шыныбеков Абдухали Насырович, Шыныбеков Данияр Абдухалиевич, Жумабаев Ринат Нурланович, издательство Атамұра, Алматы, 2018

Авторы: Шыныбеков А. Н., Шыныбеков Д. А., Жумабаев Р. Н.

Тип: Учебник

Издательство: Атамұра

Год издания: 2018 - 2026

ISBN: 978-601-331-161-6

Рекомендовано Министерством образования и науки Республики Казахстан

Раздел 2. Соотношения между сторонами и углами прямоугольного треугольника. 2.2. Синус, тангенс и котангенс острого угла - номер 2.53, страница 66.

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        3 => App\Models\Element {#1125
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            "text" => "<p>Пусть дан прямоугольник ABCD со сторонами $a = 12,4$ см и $b = 26$ см. Назначим стороны в соответствии с рисунком: пусть меньшая сторона $AB = 12,4$ см, а большая сторона $BC = 26$ см. Диагонали AC и BD пересекаются в точке O. При пересечении диагоналей образуются два смежных угла, $\angle AOB$ (обозначенный на рисунке как $\alpha$) и $\angle BOC$, сумма которых равна $180°$. Один из этих углов острый, а другой — тупой. Найдём оба этих угла.</p><p>Рассмотрим треугольник $\triangle AOB$. Поскольку диагонали прямоугольника равны и точкой пересечения делятся пополам ($AC = BD$, $AO = OC = AC/2$, $BO = OD = BD/2$), то отрезки $AO$ и $BO$ равны. Следовательно, треугольник $\triangle AOB$ является равнобедренным с основанием AB.</p><p>В равнобедренном треугольнике углы при основании равны: $∠OAB = ∠OBA$. Сумма углов в треугольнике равна $180°$, поэтому угол $\alpha = \angle AOB$ можно найти по формуле:$ \alpha = 180° - (∠OAB + ∠OBA) = 180° - 2 \cdot ∠OAB $</p><p>Для нахождения величины угла $∠OAB$ рассмотрим прямоугольный треугольник $\triangle ABC$, в котором угол $∠ABC = 90°$. Угол $∠OAB$ совпадает с углом $∠CAB$. Тангенс угла в прямоугольном треугольнике равен отношению противолежащего катета к прилежащему:$ \tan(∠CAB) = \frac{BC}{AB} $</p><p>Подставим известные значения длин сторон:$ \tan(∠CAB) = \frac{26}{12.4} \approx 2.09677 $</p><p>Теперь найдем сам угол $∠CAB$, используя функцию арктангенса:$ ∠CAB = \arctan(\frac{26}{12.4}) \approx 64.5° $</p><p>Поскольку $∠OAB = ∠CAB$, то $∠OAB \approx 64.5°$.Теперь мы можем вычислить искомый угол $\alpha$:$ \alpha = \angle AOB \approx 180° - 2 \cdot 64.5° = 180° - 129° = 51° $</p><p>Это острый угол между диагоналями. Найдем смежный с ним тупой угол $\angle BOC$:$ \angle BOC = 180° - \alpha \approx 180° - 51° = 129° $</p><p>Таким образом, углы, образованные при пересечении диагоналей, равны приблизительно $51°$ и $129°$.</p><p>Ответ: $51°$ и $129°$.</p>"
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            "text" => "<p>Пусть дан прямоугольник ABCD со сторонами $a = 12,4$ см и $b = 26$ см. Назначим стороны в соответствии с рисунком: пусть меньшая сторона $AB = 12,4$ см, а большая сторона $BC = 26$ см. Диагонали AC и BD пересекаются в точке O. При пересечении диагоналей образуются два смежных угла, $\angle AOB$ (обозначенный на рисунке как $\alpha$) и $\angle BOC$, сумма которых равна $180°$. Один из этих углов острый, а другой — тупой. Найдём оба этих угла.</p><p>Рассмотрим треугольник $\triangle AOB$. Поскольку диагонали прямоугольника равны и точкой пересечения делятся пополам ($AC = BD$, $AO = OC = AC/2$, $BO = OD = BD/2$), то отрезки $AO$ и $BO$ равны. Следовательно, треугольник $\triangle AOB$ является равнобедренным с основанием AB.</p><p>В равнобедренном треугольнике углы при основании равны: $∠OAB = ∠OBA$. Сумма углов в треугольнике равна $180°$, поэтому угол $\alpha = \angle AOB$ можно найти по формуле:$ \alpha = 180° - (∠OAB + ∠OBA) = 180° - 2 \cdot ∠OAB $</p><p>Для нахождения величины угла $∠OAB$ рассмотрим прямоугольный треугольник $\triangle ABC$, в котором угол $∠ABC = 90°$. Угол $∠OAB$ совпадает с углом $∠CAB$. Тангенс угла в прямоугольном треугольнике равен отношению противолежащего катета к прилежащему:$ \tan(∠CAB) = \frac{BC}{AB} $</p><p>Подставим известные значения длин сторон:$ \tan(∠CAB) = \frac{26}{12.4} \approx 2.09677 $</p><p>Теперь найдем сам угол $∠CAB$, используя функцию арктангенса:$ ∠CAB = \arctan(\frac{26}{12.4}) \approx 64.5° $</p><p>Поскольку $∠OAB = ∠CAB$, то $∠OAB \approx 64.5°$.Теперь мы можем вычислить искомый угол $\alpha$:$ \alpha = \angle AOB \approx 180° - 2 \cdot 64.5° = 180° - 129° = 51° $</p><p>Это острый угол между диагоналями. Найдем смежный с ним тупой угол $\angle BOC$:$ \angle BOC = 180° - \alpha \approx 180° - 51° = 129° $</p><p>Таким образом, углы, образованные при пересечении диагоналей, равны приблизительно $51°$ и $129°$.</p><p>Ответ: $51°$ и $129°$.</p>"
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                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_translit" => "kazakhstan"
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              ]
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            "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1150
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1151
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
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                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
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                  #attributes: array:6 [
                    "id" => 6995
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
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                    "field_translit" => "almaty"
                  ]
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                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Алматы"
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                    "field_translit" => "almaty"
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                    0 => "*"
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              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
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            "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1152
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1153
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1154
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1155
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_publication_number" => null
            "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1156
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              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1157
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              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
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            "field_part" => ""
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            "field_second_foreign_language" => null
            "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 8 класса общеобразовательных школ"
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            "field_tasks_count" => "538"
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              0 => "/media/geometrija_08/Shynybekov-u17/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1753258124"
            ]
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              0 => ""
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              0 => array:4 [
                "path" => "/media/geometrija_08/Shynybekov-u17/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1753258124"
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            "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1158
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              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
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              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1160
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_url" => "/8-klass/geometrija/shynybekov-uchebnik"
            "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1161
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              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
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            "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135}
            "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137}
            "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139}
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            "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146}
            "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148}
            "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1150}
            "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1152}
            "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1153}
            "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1154}
            "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1155}
            "field_publication_number" => null
            "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1156}
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            "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 8 класса общеобразовательных школ"
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            ]
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              0 => ""
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                "alt" => ""
                "width" => "1632"
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              ]
            ]
            "field_popular_book" => null
            "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1158}
            "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1159}
            "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1160}
            "field_url" => "/8-klass/geometrija/shynybekov-uchebnik"
            "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1161}
            "field_metatags_title" => null
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            "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
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            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "page" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1176
      #items: array:1 [
        0 => App\Models\BookPage {#1175
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "book_pages"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
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          #perPage: 15
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          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:21 [
            "id" => 1114268
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_page_start" => "66"
            "field_url" => "/8-klass/geometrija/shynybekov-uchebnik/page-66"
            "field_display_title" => "66"
            "field_folder" => "1"
            "field_image_name" => "66"
            "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1177
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_weight" => "0"
            "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1208
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1178
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "books"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
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                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:50 [
                    "id" => 2592
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks"
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                    "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1180 …2}
                    "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1181 …2}
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1183 …2}
                    "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1185 …2}
                    "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1189 …2}
                    "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1190 …2}
                    "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1192 …2}
                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1194 …2}
                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1196 …2}
                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1197 …2}
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1198 …2}
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1199 …2}
                    "field_publication_number" => null
                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1200 …2}
                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1201 …2}
                    "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
                    "field_cover_description" => null
                    "field_publication_year" => "2018"
                    "field_publication_year_until" => null
                    "field_part" => ""
                    "field_part_writing" => ""
                    "field_second_foreign_language" => null
                    "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 8 класса общеобразовательных школ"
                    "field_allowed" => "Рекомендовано Министерством образования и науки Республики Казахстан"
                    "field_reserve_field" => null
                    "field_link_to_source" => null
                    "field_tasks_count" => "538"
                    "field_priority" => "6"
                    "field_default_folder" => "/geometrija_08/Shynybekov-u17/"
                    "field_isbn" => "978-601-331-161-6"
                    "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1]
                    "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1]
                    "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1]
                    "field_popular_book" => null
                    "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1202 …2}
                    "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1203 …2}
                    "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1204 …2}
                    "field_url" => "/8-klass/geometrija/shynybekov-uchebnik"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1205 …2}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
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                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3]
                  ]
                  #original: array:50 [
                    "id" => 2592
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks"
                    "field_pages_status" => null
                    "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1180 …2}
                    "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1181 …2}
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1183 …2}
                    "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1185 …2}
                    "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1189 …2}
                    "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1190 …2}
                    "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1192 …2}
                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1194 …2}
                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1196 …2}
                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1197 …2}
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1198 …2}
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1199 …2}
                    "field_publication_number" => null
                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1200 …2}
                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1201 …2}
                    "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
                    "field_cover_description" => null
                    "field_publication_year" => "2018"
                    "field_publication_year_until" => null
                    "field_part" => ""
                    "field_part_writing" => ""
                    "field_second_foreign_language" => null
                    "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 8 класса общеобразовательных школ"
                    "field_allowed" => "Рекомендовано Министерством образования и науки Республики Казахстан"
                    "field_reserve_field" => null
                    "field_link_to_source" => null
                    "field_tasks_count" => "538"
                    "field_priority" => "6"
                    "field_default_folder" => "/geometrija_08/Shynybekov-u17/"
                    "field_isbn" => "978-601-331-161-6"
                    "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1]
                    "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1]
                    "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1]
                     …12
                  ]
                  #changes: []
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                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
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                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
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                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
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                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1206
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1209
              #items: array:2 [
                0 => App\Models\Element {#1218
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "elements"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [ …6]
                  #original: array:6 [ …6]
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                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
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                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
                1 => App\Models\Element {#1225
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "elements"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [ …6]
                  #original: array:6 [ …6]
                  #changes: []
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                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "next" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1114269"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
            "previous" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1114267"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
            "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#2745
              #items: array:11 [
                0 => App\Models\Task {#1215
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [ …24]
                  #original: array:24 [ …24]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
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                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
                1 => App\Models\Task {#1364
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [ …24]
                  #original: array:24 [ …24]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
                2 => App\Models\Task {#1502
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [ …24]
                  #original: array:24 [ …24]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
                3 => App\Models\Task {#1640
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [ …24]
                  #original: array:24 [ …24]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
                4 => App\Models\Task {#1778
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [ …24]
                  #original: array:24 [ …24]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
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№2.53 (с. 66)
Учебник rus. №2.53 (с. 66)
скриншот условия
Геометрия, 8 класс Учебник, авторы: Шыныбеков Абдухали Насырович, Шыныбеков Данияр Абдухалиевич, Жумабаев Ринат Нурланович, издательство Атамұра, Алматы, 2018, страница 66, номер 2.53, Учебник rus
Геометрия, 8 класс Учебник, авторы: Шыныбеков Абдухали Насырович, Шыныбеков Данияр Абдухалиевич, Жумабаев Ринат Нурланович, издательство Атамұра, Алматы, 2018, страница 66, номер 2.53, Учебник rus (продолжение 2)

2.53. Стороны прямоугольника равны 12,4 см и 26 см. Найдите угол между диагоналями (рис. 2.23).

Рис. 2.23

Учебник kz. №2.53 (с. 66)
Геометрия, 8 класс Учебник, авторы: Шыныбеков Абдухали Насырович, Шыныбеков Данияр Абдухалиевич, Жумабаев Ринат Нурланович, издательство Атамұра, Алматы, 2018, страница 66, номер 2.53, Учебник kz
Геометрия, 8 класс Учебник, авторы: Шыныбеков Абдухали Насырович, Шыныбеков Данияр Абдухалиевич, Жумабаев Ринат Нурланович, издательство Атамұра, Алматы, 2018, страница 66, номер 2.53, Учебник kz (продолжение 2)
Решение. №2.53 (с. 66)
Геометрия, 8 класс Учебник, авторы: Шыныбеков Абдухали Насырович, Шыныбеков Данияр Абдухалиевич, Жумабаев Ринат Нурланович, издательство Атамұра, Алматы, 2018, страница 66, номер 2.53, Решение
Решение 2 rus. №2.53 (с. 66)

Пусть дан прямоугольник ABCD со сторонами $a = 12,4$ см и $b = 26$ см. Назначим стороны в соответствии с рисунком: пусть меньшая сторона $AB = 12,4$ см, а большая сторона $BC = 26$ см. Диагонали AC и BD пересекаются в точке O. При пересечении диагоналей образуются два смежных угла, $\angle AOB$ (обозначенный на рисунке как $\alpha$) и $\angle BOC$, сумма которых равна $180°$. Один из этих углов острый, а другой — тупой. Найдём оба этих угла.

Рассмотрим треугольник $\triangle AOB$. Поскольку диагонали прямоугольника равны и точкой пересечения делятся пополам ($AC = BD$, $AO = OC = AC/2$, $BO = OD = BD/2$), то отрезки $AO$ и $BO$ равны. Следовательно, треугольник $\triangle AOB$ является равнобедренным с основанием AB.

В равнобедренном треугольнике углы при основании равны: $∠OAB = ∠OBA$. Сумма углов в треугольнике равна $180°$, поэтому угол $\alpha = \angle AOB$ можно найти по формуле:$ \alpha = 180° - (∠OAB + ∠OBA) = 180° - 2 \cdot ∠OAB $

Для нахождения величины угла $∠OAB$ рассмотрим прямоугольный треугольник $\triangle ABC$, в котором угол $∠ABC = 90°$. Угол $∠OAB$ совпадает с углом $∠CAB$. Тангенс угла в прямоугольном треугольнике равен отношению противолежащего катета к прилежащему:$ \tan(∠CAB) = \frac{BC}{AB} $

Подставим известные значения длин сторон:$ \tan(∠CAB) = \frac{26}{12.4} \approx 2.09677 $

Теперь найдем сам угол $∠CAB$, используя функцию арктангенса:$ ∠CAB = \arctan(\frac{26}{12.4}) \approx 64.5° $

Поскольку $∠OAB = ∠CAB$, то $∠OAB \approx 64.5°$.Теперь мы можем вычислить искомый угол $\alpha$:$ \alpha = \angle AOB \approx 180° - 2 \cdot 64.5° = 180° - 129° = 51° $

Это острый угол между диагоналями. Найдем смежный с ним тупой угол $\angle BOC$:$ \angle BOC = 180° - \alpha \approx 180° - 51° = 129° $

Таким образом, углы, образованные при пересечении диагоналей, равны приблизительно $51°$ и $129°$.

Ответ: $51°$ и $129°$.

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