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Номер 1.5, страница 8, часть I - гдз по химии 8-9 класс задачник с помощником Гара, Габрусева
Авторы: Гара Н. Н., Габрусева Н. И.
Тип: Задачник с помощником
Издательство: Просвещение
Год издания: 2009 - 2026
Часть: I
Цвет обложки: зелёный, синий
ISBN: 978-5-09-037902-1
Популярные ГДЗ в 8 классе
Часть I. Вычисления по химическим формулам. 1. Относительная молекулярная масса, количество вещества, молярная масса, постоянная Авогадро - номер 1.5, страница 8.
App\Models\Task {#1030 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 640196 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "8" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/himiya/gara-zadachnik/1-1-5" "field_display_title" => "1.5" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1036 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1035 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1046 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 640178 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Вычисления по химическим формулам" "field_branch_order" => "I" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1047 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 31 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Часть" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => "1" "field_short_name" => "ч." ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 31 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Часть" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => "1" "field_short_name" => "ч." ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "5" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1058 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1057 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 54 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1059 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6495 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Химия" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "himiya" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6495 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Химия" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "himiya" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1061 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5457 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "8" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "vosmoj" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5457 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "8" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "vosmoj" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Term {#1063 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5458 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "9" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "devjatyj" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5458 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "9" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "devjatyj" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1065 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5153 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Просвещение" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "prosveschenie" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5153 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Просвещение" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "prosveschenie" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1077 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 4087 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Гара" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Наталья" "field_patronymic" => "Николаевна" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 4087 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Гара" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Наталья" "field_patronymic" => "Николаевна" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Term {#1076 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 4062 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Габрусева" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Надежда" "field_patronymic" => "Ивановна" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 4062 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Габрусева" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Надежда" "field_patronymic" => "Ивановна" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1068 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6519 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Задачник с помощником" "field_book_type_foreign" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_plural_form" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "zadachnik s pomoschnikom" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6519 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Задачник с помощником" "field_book_type_foreign" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_plural_form" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "zadachnik s pomoschnikom" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1072 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1075 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1078 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1069 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1079 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1080 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publication_number" => "6" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2009" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "542" "field_priority" => "20" "field_default_folder" => "/himiya_08/gara-zad-8-9/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-037902-1" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/himiya_08/gara-zad-8-9/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1738575678" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/himiya_08/gara-zad-8-9/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1738575678" "alt" => "" "width" => "699" "height" => "933" ] ] "field_popular_book" => null "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1083 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1084 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1085 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_url" => "/8-klass/himiya/gara-zadachnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1087 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1086 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 47 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "зелёный" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "zelyonyy" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 47 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "зелёный" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "zelyonyy" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Term {#1088 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 49 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "синий" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "siniy" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 49 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "синий" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "siniy" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => "<!--text2--> <p> Надежный способ подготовки к уроку – решение аналогичных задач или наработка опыта. Старшеклассники таким образом могут повторить и проработать изученный материал. Чтобы быть уверенными в качественном закреплении пройденного и отсутствии ошибок, следует сверяться с <strong>ГДЗ по Химии 8-9 класс Задачник с помощником Гара Н.Н., Габрусева Н.И. (Просвещение)</strong>. </p> <p> Пособие включает: </p> <ul> <li>теоретическую часть, представленную в виде основных тезисов и понятий;</li> <li>алгоритмы решения химических задач;</li> <li>тестовые варианты для подготовки к самостоятельным и контрольным работам.</li> </ul> <p> Сборник ответов относится к линейке учебно-методического комплекта по химии Рудзитис Г.Е., Фельдман Ф.Г. Подходит для самоконтроля выполненных домашних упражнений, подготовки к итоговым аттестациям, дополнительной проработки или изучения сложных и пропущенных тем. </p> <h2> Почему решебник по химии нужен каждому ученику? </h2> <p> ГДЗ по химии позволит каждому ученику разобраться с трудными задачками и изучить предмет на «отлично». Основные понятия, химические законы, проведение опытов и экспериментов, наблюдение за протеканием реакций, проведение расчетов - все это поможет изучить <strong>решебник к задачнику по химии Гара (2009-2023) 8-9 класс</strong>. Программа по химии 8-9 классов сконцентрирована на изучении: </p> <ol> <li>Периодического закона и системы химических элементов Д.И. Менделеева.</li> <li>Атомов, ионов и молекул.</li> <li>Порядка распределения электронов в соответствии с энергетическими уровнями.</li> <li>Окислительно-восстановительных реакций.</li> <li>Чистых веществ и смесей.</li> </ol> <p> Ответы к задачнику по химии способствуют более быстрому и успешному усвоению непростой информации. Пособие поможет решить уже образовавшиеся трудности и предотвратить скопление неразобранного материала. Решебник содержит не только численные ответы, но и поэтапные инструкции, необходимые для самостоятельного выполнения домашнего задания. </p> <h2> ГДЗ по химии Гара необходим для учебного процесса </h2> <p> Решебник к сборнику задач по химии содержит правильные развернутые ответы ко всем темам курса 8-9 класса. Повторение и закрепление изученного материала путем решения практических задач гарантирует положительный результат. Если старшеклассник не ленится, выполняет домашние задание и проводит проверку при помощи ГДЗ, то он точно сможет выбиться в первые ряды и всегда получать отличные оценки. </p> <p> ГДЗ к задачнику Гара 8-9 класс обладает множеством преимуществ, остановимся на основных: </p> <ul> <li>пособие доступно в онлайн формате в круглосуточном режиме;</li> <li>для доступа подойдет любой современный гаджет (планшет, смартфон, ноутбук) с выходом в интернет;</li> <li>составлением ответов занимались опытные преподаватели;</li> <li>упражнения упорядочены, поделены на главы, соответствуют учебному изданию;</li> <li>интерфейс понятен и удобен;</li> <li>ответы к заданиям разобраны по пунктам, что позволяет не просто списать результат, а изучить порядок выполнения.</li> </ul> <p> Учеба с решебником по химии (Просвещение) пойдет успешно и весело. </p> <h2> Что найдут старшеклассники в ГДЗ по химии? </h2> <p> Химия – один из сложнейших предметов в разделе естественных наук. Его освоение требует знания правил и владения элементами из периодической таблицы Менделеева. Тщательное изучение предмета особенно необходимо школьникам, планирующим связать свою взрослую жизнь с медицинской профессией. Правильное написание формул и уравнений, составление точного описания свойств веществ или характеристика их состава не всегда дается с первого раза. ГДЗ к задачнику с помощником по химии привьет любовь к предмету и поможет: </p> <ul> <li>разобрать недопонятое (или пропущенное) в школе;</li> <li>правильно оформить домашнюю работу;</li> <li>минимизировать необходимость посещения дополнительных занятий с репетитором;</li> <li>выявить пробелы в знаниях и самостоятельно восполнить их;</li> <li>разобраться в алгоритме выполнения упражнений.</li> </ul> <p> Проверка домашнего задания с решебником к задачнику по химии станет сплошным удовольствием. Ученику не нужно тратить время на поиск – в онлайн-версии все систематизировано и упорядочено или на посещение репетитора (в старших классах сочетать основные уроки и дополнительные занятия достаточно сложно). </p> <p> Для старшеклассников, принявших решение в пользу сдачи экзамена по химии, онлайн-пособие ГДЗ станет незаменимым другом и союзником, доступным в любое удобное время суток. </p> <p> Методическое онлайн-пособие <strong>ГДЗ по химии 8-9 класс (Просвещение) Гара Н.Н., Габрусева Н.И.</strong> – надежный помощник в освоении программы предмета. Подробный разбор заданий, включенных в контрольные работы, описание верной последовательности выполнения лабораторных и практических работ, способы получения ответов на самые сложные вопросы – все это и даже больше найдут старшеклассники в сборнике. Все домашние задания можно выполнить и проверить без посторонней помощи. </p>" "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 379 "subject" => 558 "class_subject" => 498 ] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 54 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1072} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1078} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1079} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1080} "field_publication_number" => "6" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2009" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "542" "field_priority" => "20" "field_default_folder" => "/himiya_08/gara-zad-8-9/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-037902-1" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/himiya_08/gara-zad-8-9/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1738575678" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/himiya_08/gara-zad-8-9/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1738575678" "alt" => "" "width" => "699" "height" => "933" ] ] "field_popular_book" => null "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1083} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1084} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1085} "field_url" => "/8-klass/himiya/gara-zadachnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1087} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => "<!--text2--> <p> Надежный способ подготовки к уроку – решение аналогичных задач или наработка опыта. Старшеклассники таким образом могут повторить и проработать изученный материал. Чтобы быть уверенными в качественном закреплении пройденного и отсутствии ошибок, следует сверяться с <strong>ГДЗ по Химии 8-9 класс Задачник с помощником Гара Н.Н., Габрусева Н.И. (Просвещение)</strong>. </p> <p> Пособие включает: </p> <ul> <li>теоретическую часть, представленную в виде основных тезисов и понятий;</li> <li>алгоритмы решения химических задач;</li> <li>тестовые варианты для подготовки к самостоятельным и контрольным работам.</li> </ul> <p> Сборник ответов относится к линейке учебно-методического комплекта по химии Рудзитис Г.Е., Фельдман Ф.Г. Подходит для самоконтроля выполненных домашних упражнений, подготовки к итоговым аттестациям, дополнительной проработки или изучения сложных и пропущенных тем. </p> <h2> Почему решебник по химии нужен каждому ученику? </h2> <p> ГДЗ по химии позволит каждому ученику разобраться с трудными задачками и изучить предмет на «отлично». Основные понятия, химические законы, проведение опытов и экспериментов, наблюдение за протеканием реакций, проведение расчетов - все это поможет изучить <strong>решебник к задачнику по химии Гара (2009-2023) 8-9 класс</strong>. Программа по химии 8-9 классов сконцентрирована на изучении: </p> <ol> <li>Периодического закона и системы химических элементов Д.И. Менделеева.</li> <li>Атомов, ионов и молекул.</li> <li>Порядка распределения электронов в соответствии с энергетическими уровнями.</li> <li>Окислительно-восстановительных реакций.</li> <li>Чистых веществ и смесей.</li> </ol> <p> Ответы к задачнику по химии способствуют более быстрому и успешному усвоению непростой информации. Пособие поможет решить уже образовавшиеся трудности и предотвратить скопление неразобранного материала. Решебник содержит не только численные ответы, но и поэтапные инструкции, необходимые для самостоятельного выполнения домашнего задания. </p> <h2> ГДЗ по химии Гара необходим для учебного процесса </h2> <p> Решебник к сборнику задач по химии содержит правильные развернутые ответы ко всем темам курса 8-9 класса. Повторение и закрепление изученного материала путем решения практических задач гарантирует положительный результат. Если старшеклассник не ленится, выполняет домашние задание и проводит проверку при помощи ГДЗ, то он точно сможет выбиться в первые ряды и всегда получать отличные оценки. </p> <p> ГДЗ к задачнику Гара 8-9 класс обладает множеством преимуществ, остановимся на основных: </p> <ul> <li>пособие доступно в онлайн формате в круглосуточном режиме;</li> <li>для доступа подойдет любой современный гаджет (планшет, смартфон, ноутбук) с выходом в интернет;</li> <li>составлением ответов занимались опытные преподаватели;</li> <li>упражнения упорядочены, поделены на главы, соответствуют учебному изданию;</li> <li>интерфейс понятен и удобен;</li> <li>ответы к заданиям разобраны по пунктам, что позволяет не просто списать результат, а изучить порядок выполнения.</li> </ul> <p> Учеба с решебником по химии (Просвещение) пойдет успешно и весело. </p> <h2> Что найдут старшеклассники в ГДЗ по химии? </h2> <p> Химия – один из сложнейших предметов в разделе естественных наук. Его освоение требует знания правил и владения элементами из периодической таблицы Менделеева. Тщательное изучение предмета особенно необходимо школьникам, планирующим связать свою взрослую жизнь с медицинской профессией. Правильное написание формул и уравнений, составление точного описания свойств веществ или характеристика их состава не всегда дается с первого раза. ГДЗ к задачнику с помощником по химии привьет любовь к предмету и поможет: </p> <ul> <li>разобрать недопонятое (или пропущенное) в школе;</li> <li>правильно оформить домашнюю работу;</li> <li>минимизировать необходимость посещения дополнительных занятий с репетитором;</li> <li>выявить пробелы в знаниях и самостоятельно восполнить их;</li> <li>разобраться в алгоритме выполнения упражнений.</li> </ul> <p> Проверка домашнего задания с решебником к задачнику по химии станет сплошным удовольствием. Ученику не нужно тратить время на поиск – в онлайн-версии все систематизировано и упорядочено или на посещение репетитора (в старших классах сочетать основные уроки и дополнительные занятия достаточно сложно). </p> <p> Для старшеклассников, принявших решение в пользу сдачи экзамена по химии, онлайн-пособие ГДЗ станет незаменимым другом и союзником, доступным в любое удобное время суток. </p> <p> Методическое онлайн-пособие <strong>ГДЗ по химии 8-9 класс (Просвещение) Гара Н.Н., Габрусева Н.И.</strong> – надежный помощник в освоении программы предмета. Подробный разбор заданий, включенных в контрольные работы, описание верной последовательности выполнения лабораторных и практических работ, способы получения ответов на самые сложные вопросы – все это и даже больше найдут старшеклассники в сборнике. Все домашние задания можно выполнить и проверить без посторонней помощи. </p>" "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 379 "subject" => 558 "class_subject" => 498 ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1048 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 640178 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Вычисления по химическим формулам" "field_branch_order" => "I" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050} "field_page_start" => "5" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1058} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1048} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1121 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 640178 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Вычисления по химическим формулам" "field_branch_order" => "I" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1122 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1047} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "5" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1123 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1057} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1124 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 640178 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Вычисления по химическим формулам" "field_branch_order" => "I" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1122} "field_page_start" => "5" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1123} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1124} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Branch {#1125 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 640179 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "1. Относительная молекулярная масса, количество вещества, молярная масса, постоянная Авогадро" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1126 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "5" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1127 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1057} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1128 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 640179 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "1. Относительная молекулярная масса, количество вещества, молярная масса, постоянная Авогадро" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1126} "field_page_start" => "5" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1127} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1128} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1110 #items: array:3 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1103 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 797098 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1102 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 1784 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => null "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "vadim" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1099 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1096 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 1784 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => null "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "vadim" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1099 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1096 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "640196" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>1.5.</strong> Вычислите относительную молекулярную массу этилового спирта.</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "5-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1408" "height" => 155 "path" => "/media/himiya_08/gara-zad-8-9/0-1-1/5-1.webp?ts=1738579156" ] ] ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 797098 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "640196" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>1.5.</strong> Вычислите относительную молекулярную массу этилового спирта.</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "5-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1408" "height" => 155 "path" => "/media/himiya_08/gara-zad-8-9/0-1-1/5-1.webp?ts=1738579156" ] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Element {#1097 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 797119 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1094 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 1785 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1093 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "image" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Ладыко (Торчило)" "field_moderator" => "vadim" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1053 …2} "field_process_formula" => "" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1089 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 1785 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1093 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "image" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Ладыко (Торчило)" "field_moderator" => "vadim" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1053 …2} "field_process_formula" => "" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1089 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "640196" "type" => "task" ] "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "5-1.png" "alt" => null "width" => "1584" "height" => 214 "path" => "/media/himiya_08/gara-zad-8-9/1-1-1/5-1.webp?ts=1738579166" ] ] ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 797119 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "640196" "type" => "task" ] "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "5-1.png" "alt" => null "width" => "1584" "height" => 214 "path" => "/media/himiya_08/gara-zad-8-9/1-1-1/5-1.webp?ts=1738579166" ] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 2 => App\Models\Element {#1090 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1490475 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1112 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1052 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 5454 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение 2" "field_order" => "3" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1054 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => null "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "2-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1049 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1043 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1041 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 5454 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение 2" "field_order" => "3" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1054 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => null "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "2-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1049 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1043 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1041 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "640196" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>Дано:</strong></p><p>Вещество: этиловый спирт (этанол).<br>Химическая формула: $C_2H_5OH$.</p><p><strong>Найти:</strong></p><p>Относительную молекулярную массу этилового спирта — $M_r(C_2H_5OH)$.</p><p><strong>Решение:</strong></p><p>Относительная молекулярная масса вещества ($M_r$) — это величина, показывающая, во сколько раз масса молекулы данного вещества больше 1/12 массы атома углерода. Она вычисляется как сумма относительных атомных масс ($A_r$) всех атомов, входящих в состав молекулы.</p><p>Молекула этилового спирта $C_2H_5OH$ состоит из: <ul><li>2 атомов углерода (C)</li><li>6 атомов водорода (H) (5+1)</li><li>1 атома кислорода (O)</li></ul><p>Для расчета нам понадобятся относительные атомные массы элементов, которые мы возьмем из Периодической таблицы Д. И. Менделеева и округлим до целых значений: <ul><li>$A_r(C) = 12$</li><li>$A_r(H) = 1$</li><li>$A_r(O) = 16$</li></ul><p>Теперь сложим массы всех атомов в молекуле:</p><p>$M_r(C_2H_5OH) = 2 \cdot A_r(C) + 6 \cdot A_r(H) + 1 \cdot A_r(O)$</p><p>Подставим числовые значения:</p><p>$M_r(C_2H_5OH) = 2 \cdot 12 + 6 \cdot 1 + 16 = 24 + 6 + 16 = 46$</p><p>Относительная молекулярная масса является безразмерной величиной.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> относительная молекулярная масса этилового спирта равна 46.</p>" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1490475 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1112} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "640196" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>Дано:</strong></p><p>Вещество: этиловый спирт (этанол).<br>Химическая формула: $C_2H_5OH$.</p><p><strong>Найти:</strong></p><p>Относительную молекулярную массу этилового спирта — $M_r(C_2H_5OH)$.</p><p><strong>Решение:</strong></p><p>Относительная молекулярная масса вещества ($M_r$) — это величина, показывающая, во сколько раз масса молекулы данного вещества больше 1/12 массы атома углерода. Она вычисляется как сумма относительных атомных масс ($A_r$) всех атомов, входящих в состав молекулы.</p><p>Молекула этилового спирта $C_2H_5OH$ состоит из: <ul><li>2 атомов углерода (C)</li><li>6 атомов водорода (H) (5+1)</li><li>1 атома кислорода (O)</li></ul><p>Для расчета нам понадобятся относительные атомные массы элементов, которые мы возьмем из Периодической таблицы Д. И. Менделеева и округлим до целых значений: <ul><li>$A_r(C) = 12$</li><li>$A_r(H) = 1$</li><li>$A_r(O) = 16$</li></ul><p>Теперь сложим массы всех атомов в молекуле:</p><p>$M_r(C_2H_5OH) = 2 \cdot A_r(C) + 6 \cdot A_r(H) + 1 \cdot A_r(O)$</p><p>Подставим числовые значения:</p><p>$M_r(C_2H_5OH) = 2 \cdot 12 + 6 \cdot 1 + 16 = 24 + 6 + 16 = 46$</p><p>Относительная молекулярная масса является безразмерной величиной.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> относительная молекулярная масса этилового спирта равна 46.</p>" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "640197" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "640195" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1106 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1057} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\BookPage {#1042 #connection: "mysql" #table: "book_pages" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 923194 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "8" "field_url" => "/8-klass/himiya/gara-zadachnik/page-8" "field_display_title" => "8" "field_folder" => "1" "field_image_name" => "8" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1040 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1034 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1057} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1039 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1131 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1097586 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1133 …2} "book_page" => array:2 [ …2] "img" => array:1 [ …1] ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1097586 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1133 …2} "book_page" => array:2 [ …2] "img" => array:1 [ …1] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "923195" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "923193" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1204 #items: array:18 [ 0 => App\Models\Task {#1228 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 640192 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "8" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/himiya/gara-zadachnik/1-1-1" "field_display_title" => "1.1" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1229 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1230 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1231 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1232 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1235 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1241 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 640192 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "8" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/himiya/gara-zadachnik/1-1-1" "field_display_title" => "1.1" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1229 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1230 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1231 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1232 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1235 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1241 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Task {#1234 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 640193 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "8" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/himiya/gara-zadachnik/1-1-2" "field_display_title" => "1.2" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1233 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1240 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1242 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1238 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1237 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1255 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 640193 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "8" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/himiya/gara-zadachnik/1-1-2" "field_display_title" => "1.2" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1233 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1240 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1242 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1238 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1237 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1255 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 2 => App\Models\Task {#1239 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 640194 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "8" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/himiya/gara-zadachnik/1-1-3" "field_display_title" => "1.3" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1236 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1254 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1256 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1252 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1251 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1269 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 640194 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "8" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/himiya/gara-zadachnik/1-1-3" "field_display_title" => "1.3" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1236 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1254 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1256 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1252 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1251 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1269 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 3 => App\Models\Task {#1253 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 640195 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "8" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/himiya/gara-zadachnik/1-1-4" "field_display_title" => "1.4" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1250 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1268 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1270 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1266 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1265 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1283 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 640195 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "8" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/himiya/gara-zadachnik/1-1-4" "field_display_title" => "1.4" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1250 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1268 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1270 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1266 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1265 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1283 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 4 => App\Models\Task {#1267 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 640196 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "8" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/himiya/gara-zadachnik/1-1-5" "field_display_title" => "1.5" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1264 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1282 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1284 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1280 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1278 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1281 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 640196 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "8" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/himiya/gara-zadachnik/1-1-5" "field_display_title" => "1.5" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1264 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1282 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1284 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1280 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1278 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1281 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 5 => App\Models\Task {#1279 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 640197 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "8" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/himiya/gara-zadachnik/1-1-6" "field_display_title" => "1.6" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1292 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null …12 ] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 6 => App\Models\Task {#1297 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 7 => App\Models\Task {#1302 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 8 => App\Models\Task {#1316 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 9 => App\Models\Task {#1330 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 10 => App\Models\Task {#1344 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 11 => App\Models\Task {#1358 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 12 => App\Models\Task {#1372 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 13 => App\Models\Task {#1386 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 14 => App\Models\Task {#1400 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 15 => App\Models\Task {#1414 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 16 => App\Models\Task {#1428 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 17 => App\Models\Task {#1442 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 923194 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "8" "field_url" => "/8-klass/himiya/gara-zadachnik/page-8" "field_display_title" => "8" "field_folder" => "1" "field_image_name" => "8" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1040} "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1034} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1039} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "923195" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "923193" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1204} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 640196 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "8" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/himiya/gara-zadachnik/1-1-5" "field_display_title" => "1.5" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1035} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1046} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1110} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "640197" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "640195" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1106} "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "923194" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] }
№1.5 (с. 8)
Условие. №1.5 (с. 8)
скриншот условия
1.5. Вычислите относительную молекулярную массу этилового спирта.
Решение. №1.5 (с. 8)
Решение 2. №1.5 (с. 8)
Дано:
Вещество: этиловый спирт (этанол).
Химическая формула: $C_2H_5OH$.
Найти:
Относительную молекулярную массу этилового спирта — $M_r(C_2H_5OH)$.
Решение:
Относительная молекулярная масса вещества ($M_r$) — это величина, показывающая, во сколько раз масса молекулы данного вещества больше 1/12 массы атома углерода. Она вычисляется как сумма относительных атомных масс ($A_r$) всех атомов, входящих в состав молекулы.
Молекула этилового спирта $C_2H_5OH$ состоит из:
- 2 атомов углерода (C)
- 6 атомов водорода (H) (5+1)
- 1 атома кислорода (O)
Для расчета нам понадобятся относительные атомные массы элементов, которые мы возьмем из Периодической таблицы Д. И. Менделеева и округлим до целых значений:
- $A_r(C) = 12$
- $A_r(H) = 1$
- $A_r(O) = 16$
Теперь сложим массы всех атомов в молекуле:
$M_r(C_2H_5OH) = 2 \cdot A_r(C) + 6 \cdot A_r(H) + 1 \cdot A_r(O)$
Подставим числовые значения:
$M_r(C_2H_5OH) = 2 \cdot 12 + 6 \cdot 1 + 16 = 24 + 6 + 16 = 46$
Относительная молекулярная масса является безразмерной величиной.
Ответ: относительная молекулярная масса этилового спирта равна 46.
Другие задания:
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