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Номер 2.34, страница 16, часть I - гдз по химии 8-9 класс задачник с помощником Гара, Габрусева
Авторы: Гара Н. Н., Габрусева Н. И.
Тип: Задачник с помощником
Издательство: Просвещение
Год издания: 2009 - 2026
Часть: I
Цвет обложки: зелёный, синий
ISBN: 978-5-09-037902-1
Популярные ГДЗ в 8 классе
Часть I. Вычисления по химическим формулам. 2. Закон Авогадро. Молярный объем газов - номер 2.34, страница 16.
App\Models\Task {#1030 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 640291 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "16" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/himiya/gara-zadachnik/1-2-34" "field_display_title" => "2.34" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1036 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1035 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1046 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 640178 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Вычисления по химическим формулам" "field_branch_order" => "I" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1047 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 31 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Часть" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "Часть" "field_creative_case" => "Частью" "field_dative_case" => "Части" "field_genitive_case" => "Части" "field_nominative_case" => "Часть" "field_prepositional_case" => "Части" ] "field_page_check_not_needed" => "1" "field_short_name" => "ч." ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 31 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Часть" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "Часть" "field_creative_case" => "Частью" "field_dative_case" => "Части" "field_genitive_case" => "Части" "field_nominative_case" => "Часть" "field_prepositional_case" => "Части" ] "field_page_check_not_needed" => "1" "field_short_name" => "ч." ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "5" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1049 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 54 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1051 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1048 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6495 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Химия" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "химию" "field_creative_case" => "химией" "field_dative_case" => "химии" "field_genitive_case" => "химии" "field_nominative_case" => "химия" "field_prepositional_case" => "химии" ] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "himiya" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6495 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Химия" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "химию" "field_creative_case" => "химией" "field_dative_case" => "химии" "field_genitive_case" => "химии" "field_nominative_case" => "химия" "field_prepositional_case" => "химии" ] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "himiya" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1053 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5457 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "8" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "восьмой" "field_creative_case" => "восьмым" "field_dative_case" => "восьмому" "field_genitive_case" => "восьмого" "field_nominative_case" => "восьмой" "field_prepositional_case" => "восьмом" ] "field_translit" => "vosmoj" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5457 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "8" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "восьмой" "field_creative_case" => "восьмым" "field_dative_case" => "восьмому" "field_genitive_case" => "восьмого" "field_nominative_case" => "восьмой" "field_prepositional_case" => "восьмом" ] "field_translit" => "vosmoj" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Term {#1054 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5458 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "9" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "девятый" "field_creative_case" => "девятым" "field_dative_case" => "девятому" "field_genitive_case" => "девятого" "field_nominative_case" => "девятый" "field_prepositional_case" => "девятом" ] "field_translit" => "devjatyj" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5458 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "9" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "девятый" "field_creative_case" => "девятым" "field_dative_case" => "девятому" "field_genitive_case" => "девятого" "field_nominative_case" => "девятый" "field_prepositional_case" => "девятом" ] "field_translit" => "devjatyj" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1056 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5153 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Просвещение" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "prosveschenie" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5153 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Просвещение" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "prosveschenie" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1058 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 4087 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Гара" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Наталья" "field_patronymic" => "Николаевна" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 4087 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Гара" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Наталья" "field_patronymic" => "Николаевна" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Term {#1059 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 4062 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Габрусева" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Надежда" "field_patronymic" => "Ивановна" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 4062 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Габрусева" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Надежда" "field_patronymic" => "Ивановна" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1062 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6519 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Задачник с помощником" "field_book_type_foreign" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "задачник с помощником" "field_creative_case" => "задачником с помощником" "field_dative_case" => "задачнику с помощником" "field_genitive_case" => "задачника с помощником" "field_nominative_case" => "задачник с помощником" "field_prepositional_case" => "задачнике с помощником" ] "field_plural_form" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "zadachnik s pomoschnikom" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6519 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Задачник с помощником" "field_book_type_foreign" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "задачник с помощником" "field_creative_case" => "задачником с помощником" "field_dative_case" => "задачнику с помощником" "field_genitive_case" => "задачника с помощником" "field_nominative_case" => "задачник с помощником" "field_prepositional_case" => "задачнике с помощником" ] "field_plural_form" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "zadachnik s pomoschnikom" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1064 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null …1 ] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1066 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1069 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publication_number" => "6" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1072 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2009" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null 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Основные понятия, химические законы, проведение опытов и экспериментов, наблюдение за протеканием реакций, проведение расчетов - все это поможет изучить <strong>решебник к задачнику по химии Гара (2009-2023) 8-9 класс</strong>. Программа по химии 8-9 классов сконцентрирована на изучении: </p> <ol> <li>Периодического закона и системы химических элементов Д.И. Менделеева.</li> <li>Атомов, ионов и молекул.</li> <li>Порядка распределения электронов в соответствии с энергетическими уровнями.</li> <li>Окислительно-восстановительных реакций.</li> <li>Чистых веществ и смесей.</li> </ol> <p> Ответы к задачнику по химии способствуют более быстрому и успешному усвоению непростой информации. Пособие поможет решить уже образовавшиеся трудности и предотвратить скопление неразобранного материала. 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Его освоение требует знания правил и владения элементами из периодической таблицы Менделеева. Тщательное изучение предмета особенно необходимо школьникам, планирующим связать свою взрослую жизнь с медицинской профессией. Правильное написание формул и уравнений, составление точного описания свойств веществ или характеристика их состава не всегда дается с первого раза. ГДЗ к задачнику с помощником по химии привьет любовь к предмету и поможет: </p> <ul> <li>разобрать недопонятое (или пропущенное) в школе;</li> <li>правильно оформить домашнюю работу;</li> <li>минимизировать необходимость посещения дополнительных занятий с репетитором;</li> <li>выявить пробелы в знаниях и самостоятельно восполнить их;</li> <li>разобраться в алгоритме выполнения упражнений.</li> </ul> <p> Проверка домашнего задания с решебником к задачнику по химии станет сплошным удовольствием. Ученику не нужно тратить время на поиск – в онлайн-версии все систематизировано и упорядочено или на посещение репетитора (в старших классах сочетать основные уроки и дополнительные занятия достаточно сложно). </p> <p> Для старшеклассников, принявших решение в пользу сдачи экзамена по химии, онлайн-пособие ГДЗ станет незаменимым другом и союзником, доступным в любое удобное время суток. </p> <p> Методическое онлайн-пособие <strong>ГДЗ по химии 8-9 класс (Просвещение) Гара Н.Н., Габрусева Н.И.</strong> – надежный помощник в освоении программы предмета. Подробный разбор заданий, включенных в контрольные работы, описание верной последовательности выполнения лабораторных и практических работ, способы получения ответов на самые сложные вопросы – все это и даже больше найдут старшеклассники в сборнике. 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Решебник содержит не только численные ответы, но и поэтапные инструкции, необходимые для самостоятельного выполнения домашнего задания. </p> <h2> ГДЗ по химии Гара необходим для учебного процесса </h2> <p> Решебник к сборнику задач по химии содержит правильные развернутые ответы ко всем темам курса 8-9 класса. Повторение и закрепление изученного материала путем решения практических задач гарантирует положительный результат. 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Его освоение требует знания правил и владения элементами из периодической таблицы Менделеева. Тщательное изучение предмета особенно необходимо школьникам, планирующим связать свою взрослую жизнь с медицинской профессией. Правильное написание формул и уравнений, составление точного описания свойств веществ или характеристика их состава не всегда дается с первого раза. ГДЗ к задачнику с помощником по химии привьет любовь к предмету и поможет: </p> <ul> <li>разобрать недопонятое (или пропущенное) в школе;</li> <li>правильно оформить домашнюю работу;</li> <li>минимизировать необходимость посещения дополнительных занятий с репетитором;</li> <li>выявить пробелы в знаниях и самостоятельно восполнить их;</li> <li>разобраться в алгоритме выполнения упражнений.</li> </ul> <p> Проверка домашнего задания с решебником к задачнику по химии станет сплошным удовольствием. Ученику не нужно тратить время на поиск – в онлайн-версии все систематизировано и упорядочено или на посещение репетитора (в старших классах сочетать основные уроки и дополнительные занятия достаточно сложно). </p> <p> Для старшеклассников, принявших решение в пользу сдачи экзамена по химии, онлайн-пособие ГДЗ станет незаменимым другом и союзником, доступным в любое удобное время суток. </p> <p> Методическое онлайн-пособие <strong>ГДЗ по химии 8-9 класс (Просвещение) Гара Н.Н., Габрусева Н.И.</strong> – надежный помощник в освоении программы предмета. Подробный разбор заданий, включенных в контрольные работы, описание верной последовательности выполнения лабораторных и практических работ, способы получения ответов на самые сложные вопросы – все это и даже больше найдут старшеклассники в сборнике. Все домашние задания можно выполнить и проверить без посторонней помощи. </p>" "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 379 "subject" => 558 "class_subject" => 498 ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1079 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 640178 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Вычисления по химическим формулам" "field_branch_order" => "I" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050} "field_page_start" => "5" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1079} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1111 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1119 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 640178 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Вычисления по химическим формулам" "field_branch_order" => "I" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1120 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1047} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "5" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1121 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1049} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1122 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 640178 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Вычисления по химическим формулам" "field_branch_order" => "I" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1120} "field_page_start" => "5" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1121} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1122} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Branch {#1123 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 640180 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "2. Закон Авогадро. Молярный объем газов" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1124 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "11" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1125 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1049} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1126 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 640180 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "2. Закон Авогадро. Молярный объем газов" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1124} "field_page_start" => "11" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1125} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1126} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1108 #items: array:3 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1095 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 797324 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1085 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1092 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 1784 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => null "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "vadim" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1089 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 1784 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => null "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "vadim" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1089} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "640291" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>2.34.</strong> Рассчитайте, какую массу будут иметь следующие объемы газов, взятые при нормальных условиях:</p><p><strong>а)</strong> 448 м3 аммиака;</p><p><strong>б)</strong> 67,2 мл оксида углерода(II);</p><p><strong>в)</strong> 8,96 дм3 водорода.</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "34-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1429" "height" => 225 "path" => "/media/himiya_08/gara-zad-8-9/0-1-2/34-1.webp?ts=1738579202" ] ] ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 797324 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1085} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "640291" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>2.34.</strong> Рассчитайте, какую массу будут иметь следующие объемы газов, взятые при нормальных условиях:</p><p><strong>а)</strong> 448 м3 аммиака;</p><p><strong>б)</strong> 67,2 мл оксида углерода(II);</p><p><strong>в)</strong> 8,96 дм3 водорода.</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "34-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1429" "height" => 225 "path" => "/media/himiya_08/gara-zad-8-9/0-1-2/34-1.webp?ts=1738579202" ] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Element {#1101 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 797253 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1093 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1100 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 1785 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "image" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Ладыко (Торчило)" "field_moderator" => "vadim" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1097 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1096 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_process_formula" => "" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1094 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 1785 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "image" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Ладыко (Торчило)" "field_moderator" => "vadim" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1097} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1096} "field_process_formula" => "" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1094} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "640291" "type" => "task" ] "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "34-1.png" "alt" => null "width" => "2057" "height" => 1535 "path" => "/media/himiya_08/gara-zad-8-9/1-1-2/34-1.webp?ts=1738579219" ] ] ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 797253 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1093} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "640291" "type" => "task" ] "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "34-1.png" "alt" => null "width" => "2057" "height" => 1535 "path" => "/media/himiya_08/gara-zad-8-9/1-1-2/34-1.webp?ts=1738579219" ] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 2 => App\Models\Element {#1087 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1490570 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1110 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1084 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 5454 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение 2" "field_order" => "3" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1083 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => null "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "2-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1043 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1041 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 5454 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение 2" "field_order" => "3" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1083} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => null "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "2-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1043} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1041} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "640291" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>а)</strong> <strong>Дано:</strong></p><p>$V(NH_3) = 448 \text{ м}^3$</p><p>Условия: нормальные (н.у.)</p><p><strong>Перевод в СИ:</strong></p><p>Объем уже дан в основных единицах СИ. Для расчетов будем использовать молярный объем в соответствующих единицах: $V_m = 0,0224 \text{ м³/моль}$.</p><p><strong>Найти:</strong></p><p>$m(NH_3) - ?$</p><p><strong>Решение:</strong></p><p><strong>1.</strong> Найдем молярную массу аммиака ($NH_3$), используя относительные атомные массы элементов из Периодической таблицы (округленные до целых):</p><p>$M(NH_3) = A_r(N) + 3 \cdot A_r(H) = 14 + 3 \cdot 1 = 17 \text{ г/моль}$.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Найдем количество вещества аммиака по формуле $n = V/V_m$:</p><p>$n(NH_3) = \frac{448 \text{ м}^3}{0,0224 \text{ м³/моль}} = 20000 \text{ моль}$.</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Найдем массу аммиака по формуле $m = n \cdot M$:</p><p>$m(NH_3) = 20000 \text{ моль} \cdot 17 \text{ г/моль} = 340000 \text{ г}$.</p><p><strong>4.</strong> Переведем граммы в килограммы для более удобного представления:</p><p>$340000 \text{ г} = 340 \text{ кг}$.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> 340 кг.</p><p><strong>б)</strong> <strong>Дано:</strong></p><p>$V(CO) = 67,2 \text{ мл}$</p><p>Условия: нормальные (н.у.)</p><p><strong>Перевод в СИ:</strong></p><p>Переведем миллилитры в литры (дм³), так как молярный объем ($V_m$) обычно выражается в л/моль:</p><p>$V(CO) = 67,2 \text{ мл} = 0,0672 \text{ л}$.</p><p>Молярный объем при н.у. $V_m = 22,4 \text{ л/моль}$.</p><p><strong>Найти:</strong></p><p>$m(CO) - ?$</p><p><strong>Решение:</strong></p><p><strong>1.</strong> Найдем молярную массу оксида углерода(II) ($CO$):</p><p>$M(CO) = A_r(C) + A_r(O) = 12 + 16 = 28 \text{ г/моль}$.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Найдем количество вещества оксида углерода(II):</p><p>$n(CO) = \frac{V(CO)}{V_m} = \frac{0,0672 \text{ л}}{22,4 \text{ л/моль}} = 0,003 \text{ моль}$.</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Найдем массу оксида углерода(II):</p><p>$m(CO) = n(CO) \cdot M(CO) = 0,003 \text{ моль} \cdot 28 \text{ г/моль} = 0,084 \text{ г}$.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> 0,084 г.</p><p><strong>в)</strong> <strong>Дано:</strong></p><p>$V(H_2) = 8,96 \text{ дм}^3$</p><p>Условия: нормальные (н.у.)</p><p><strong>Перевод в СИ:</strong></p><p>Объем дан в кубических дециметрах (дм³), что эквивалентно литрам. Единицы соответствуют стандартным единицам молярного объема ($V_m = 22,4 \text{ дм³/моль}$), поэтому дополнительный перевод не требуется.</p><p><strong>Найти:</strong></p><p>$m(H_2) - ?$</p><p><strong>Решение:</strong></p><p><strong>1.</strong> Найдем молярную массу водорода ($H_2$):</p><p>$M(H_2) = 2 \cdot A_r(H) = 2 \cdot 1 = 2 \text{ г/моль}$.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Найдем количество вещества водорода:</p><p>$n(H_2) = \frac{V(H_2)}{V_m} = \frac{8,96 \text{ дм}^3}{22,4 \text{ дм³/моль}} = 0,4 \text{ моль}$.</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Найдем массу водорода:</p><p>$m(H_2) = n(H_2) \cdot M(H_2) = 0,4 \text{ моль} \cdot 2 \text{ г/моль} = 0,8 \text{ г}$.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> 0,8 г.</p>" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1490570 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1110} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "640291" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>а)</strong> <strong>Дано:</strong></p><p>$V(NH_3) = 448 \text{ м}^3$</p><p>Условия: нормальные (н.у.)</p><p><strong>Перевод в СИ:</strong></p><p>Объем уже дан в основных единицах СИ. Для расчетов будем использовать молярный объем в соответствующих единицах: $V_m = 0,0224 \text{ м³/моль}$.</p><p><strong>Найти:</strong></p><p>$m(NH_3) - ?$</p><p><strong>Решение:</strong></p><p><strong>1.</strong> Найдем молярную массу аммиака ($NH_3$), используя относительные атомные массы элементов из Периодической таблицы (округленные до целых):</p><p>$M(NH_3) = A_r(N) + 3 \cdot A_r(H) = 14 + 3 \cdot 1 = 17 \text{ г/моль}$.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Найдем количество вещества аммиака по формуле $n = V/V_m$:</p><p>$n(NH_3) = \frac{448 \text{ м}^3}{0,0224 \text{ м³/моль}} = 20000 \text{ моль}$.</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Найдем массу аммиака по формуле $m = n \cdot M$:</p><p>$m(NH_3) = 20000 \text{ моль} \cdot 17 \text{ г/моль} = 340000 \text{ г}$.</p><p><strong>4.</strong> Переведем граммы в килограммы для более удобного представления:</p><p>$340000 \text{ г} = 340 \text{ кг}$.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> 340 кг.</p><p><strong>б)</strong> <strong>Дано:</strong></p><p>$V(CO) = 67,2 \text{ мл}$</p><p>Условия: нормальные (н.у.)</p><p><strong>Перевод в СИ:</strong></p><p>Переведем миллилитры в литры (дм³), так как молярный объем ($V_m$) обычно выражается в л/моль:</p><p>$V(CO) = 67,2 \text{ мл} = 0,0672 \text{ л}$.</p><p>Молярный объем при н.у. $V_m = 22,4 \text{ л/моль}$.</p><p><strong>Найти:</strong></p><p>$m(CO) - ?$</p><p><strong>Решение:</strong></p><p><strong>1.</strong> Найдем молярную массу оксида углерода(II) ($CO$):</p><p>$M(CO) = A_r(C) + A_r(O) = 12 + 16 = 28 \text{ г/моль}$.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Найдем количество вещества оксида углерода(II):</p><p>$n(CO) = \frac{V(CO)}{V_m} = \frac{0,0672 \text{ л}}{22,4 \text{ л/моль}} = 0,003 \text{ моль}$.</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Найдем массу оксида углерода(II):</p><p>$m(CO) = n(CO) \cdot M(CO) = 0,003 \text{ моль} \cdot 28 \text{ г/моль} = 0,084 \text{ г}$.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> 0,084 г.</p><p><strong>в)</strong> <strong>Дано:</strong></p><p>$V(H_2) = 8,96 \text{ дм}^3$</p><p>Условия: нормальные (н.у.)</p><p><strong>Перевод в СИ:</strong></p><p>Объем дан в кубических дециметрах (дм³), что эквивалентно литрам. Единицы соответствуют стандартным единицам молярного объема ($V_m = 22,4 \text{ дм³/моль}$), поэтому дополнительный перевод не требуется.</p><p><strong>Найти:</strong></p><p>$m(H_2) - ?$</p><p><strong>Решение:</strong></p><p><strong>1.</strong> Найдем молярную массу водорода ($H_2$):</p><p>$M(H_2) = 2 \cdot A_r(H) = 2 \cdot 1 = 2 \text{ г/моль}$.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Найдем количество вещества водорода:</p><p>$n(H_2) = \frac{V(H_2)}{V_m} = \frac{8,96 \text{ дм}^3}{22,4 \text{ дм³/моль}} = 0,4 \text{ моль}$.</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Найдем массу водорода:</p><p>$m(H_2) = n(H_2) \cdot M(H_2) = 0,4 \text{ моль} \cdot 2 \text{ г/моль} = 0,8 \text{ г}$.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> 0,8 г.</p>" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] 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Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1255 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1256 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1259 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1265 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 4 => App\Models\Task {#1258 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 640293 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "16" 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#hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 5 => App\Models\Task {#1263 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 640294 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "16" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/himiya/gara-zadachnik/1-2-37" "field_display_title" => "2.37" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1260 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1278 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1280 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1276 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1275 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1293 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 640294 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "16" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/himiya/gara-zadachnik/1-2-37" "field_display_title" => "2.37" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1260 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1278 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1280 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1276 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1275 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1293 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 6 => App\Models\Task {#1277 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 640295 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "16" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/himiya/gara-zadachnik/1-2-38" 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App\Models\Task {#1291 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 640296 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "16" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/himiya/gara-zadachnik/1-2-39" "field_display_title" => "2.39" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1288 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1306 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1308 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection 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№2.34 (с. 16)
Условие. №2.34 (с. 16)
скриншот условия
2.34. Рассчитайте, какую массу будут иметь следующие объемы газов, взятые при нормальных условиях:
а) 448 м3 аммиака;
б) 67,2 мл оксида углерода(II);
в) 8,96 дм3 водорода.
Решение. №2.34 (с. 16)
Решение 2. №2.34 (с. 16)
а) Дано:
$V(NH_3) = 448 \text{ м}^3$
Условия: нормальные (н.у.)
Перевод в СИ:
Объем уже дан в основных единицах СИ. Для расчетов будем использовать молярный объем в соответствующих единицах: $V_m = 0,0224 \text{ м³/моль}$.
Найти:
$m(NH_3) - ?$
Решение:
1. Найдем молярную массу аммиака ($NH_3$), используя относительные атомные массы элементов из Периодической таблицы (округленные до целых):
$M(NH_3) = A_r(N) + 3 \cdot A_r(H) = 14 + 3 \cdot 1 = 17 \text{ г/моль}$.
2. Найдем количество вещества аммиака по формуле $n = V/V_m$:
$n(NH_3) = \frac{448 \text{ м}^3}{0,0224 \text{ м³/моль}} = 20000 \text{ моль}$.
3. Найдем массу аммиака по формуле $m = n \cdot M$:
$m(NH_3) = 20000 \text{ моль} \cdot 17 \text{ г/моль} = 340000 \text{ г}$.
4. Переведем граммы в килограммы для более удобного представления:
$340000 \text{ г} = 340 \text{ кг}$.
Ответ: 340 кг.
б) Дано:
$V(CO) = 67,2 \text{ мл}$
Условия: нормальные (н.у.)
Перевод в СИ:
Переведем миллилитры в литры (дм³), так как молярный объем ($V_m$) обычно выражается в л/моль:
$V(CO) = 67,2 \text{ мл} = 0,0672 \text{ л}$.
Молярный объем при н.у. $V_m = 22,4 \text{ л/моль}$.
Найти:
$m(CO) - ?$
Решение:
1. Найдем молярную массу оксида углерода(II) ($CO$):
$M(CO) = A_r(C) + A_r(O) = 12 + 16 = 28 \text{ г/моль}$.
2. Найдем количество вещества оксида углерода(II):
$n(CO) = \frac{V(CO)}{V_m} = \frac{0,0672 \text{ л}}{22,4 \text{ л/моль}} = 0,003 \text{ моль}$.
3. Найдем массу оксида углерода(II):
$m(CO) = n(CO) \cdot M(CO) = 0,003 \text{ моль} \cdot 28 \text{ г/моль} = 0,084 \text{ г}$.
Ответ: 0,084 г.
в) Дано:
$V(H_2) = 8,96 \text{ дм}^3$
Условия: нормальные (н.у.)
Перевод в СИ:
Объем дан в кубических дециметрах (дм³), что эквивалентно литрам. Единицы соответствуют стандартным единицам молярного объема ($V_m = 22,4 \text{ дм³/моль}$), поэтому дополнительный перевод не требуется.
Найти:
$m(H_2) - ?$
Решение:
1. Найдем молярную массу водорода ($H_2$):
$M(H_2) = 2 \cdot A_r(H) = 2 \cdot 1 = 2 \text{ г/моль}$.
2. Найдем количество вещества водорода:
$n(H_2) = \frac{V(H_2)}{V_m} = \frac{8,96 \text{ дм}^3}{22,4 \text{ дм³/моль}} = 0,4 \text{ моль}$.
3. Найдем массу водорода:
$m(H_2) = n(H_2) \cdot M(H_2) = 0,4 \text{ моль} \cdot 2 \text{ г/моль} = 0,8 \text{ г}$.
Ответ: 0,8 г.
Другие задания:
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