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Номер 2, страница 68, часть 2 - гдз по Истории России 8 класс учебник Арсентьев, Данилов
Авторы: Арсентьев Н. М., Данилов А. А., Курукин И. В., Токарева А. Я., Торкунов А. В., Дмитриев А. П.
Тип: Учебник
Издательство: Просвещение
Год издания: 2023 - 2026
Часть: 2
Цвет обложки: белый, зелёный со статуей
ISBN: 978-5-09-102253-7
Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации
Популярные ГДЗ в 8 классе
Часть 2. Тема IV. Россия при Павле I. Параграф 27. Внешняя политика Павла І. Вопросы и задания для работы с текстом параграфа - номер 2, страница 68.
App\Models\Task {#1030 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 756026 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "68" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/istoriya/arsentev-uchebnik/27-3-2" "field_display_title" => "2" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1036 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1035 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1080 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1034 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 755417 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => null "field_branch_order" => "2" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1039 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1038 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 31 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Часть" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => "1" "field_short_name" => "ч." ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 31 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Часть" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => "1" "field_short_name" => "ч." ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "3" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/istoriya_08/arsentev-u23/covers/cover2.webp?ts=1739481533" ] "field_branch_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/istoriya_08/arsentev-u23/covers/cover2.webp?ts=1739481533" "alt" => "часть 2" "width" => "1200" "height" => "1588" ] ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1040 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1041 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 765 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1042 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1045 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1047 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1049 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066 …2} "field_publication_number" => "3" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => "академика РАН" "field_cover_description" => "со статуей" "field_publication_year" => "2023" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "1, 2" "field_part_writing" => "Часть" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => null "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации" "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "653" "field_priority" => "2" "field_default_folder" => "/istoriya_08/arsentev-u23/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-102253-7" "field_cover" => array:2 [ …2] "field_cover_alts" => array:2 [ …2] "field_covers" => array:2 [ …2] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1072 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073 …2} "field_url" => "/8-klass/istoriya/arsentev-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1074 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 765 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1042 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1045 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1047 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1049 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066 …2} "field_publication_number" => "3" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => "академика РАН" "field_cover_description" => "со статуей" "field_publication_year" => "2023" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "1, 2" "field_part_writing" => "Часть" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => null "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации" "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "653" "field_priority" => "2" "field_default_folder" => "/istoriya_08/arsentev-u23/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-102253-7" "field_cover" => array:2 [ …2] "field_cover_alts" => array:2 [ …2] "field_covers" => array:2 [ …2] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1072 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073 …2} "field_url" => "/8-klass/istoriya/arsentev-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1074 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1077 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 755417 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => null "field_branch_order" => "2" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1039} "field_page_start" => "3" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/istoriya_08/arsentev-u23/covers/cover2.webp?ts=1739481533" ] "field_branch_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/istoriya_08/arsentev-u23/covers/cover2.webp?ts=1739481533" "alt" => "часть 2" "width" => "1200" "height" => "1588" ] ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1040} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1077} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1122 #items: array:4 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1132 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 755417 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => null "field_branch_order" => "2" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1133 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 31 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Часть" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => "1" "field_short_name" => "ч." ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 31 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Часть" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => "1" "field_short_name" => "ч." ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "3" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/istoriya_08/arsentev-u23/covers/cover2.webp?ts=1739481533" ] "field_branch_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/istoriya_08/arsentev-u23/covers/cover2.webp?ts=1739481533" "alt" => "часть 2" "width" => "1200" "height" => "1588" ] ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1173 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1135 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 765 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1134 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6870 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "История России" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "humanitarian_subject" "field_translit" => "istoriya rossii" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6870 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "История России" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "humanitarian_subject" "field_translit" => "istoriya rossii" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Term {#1138 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6480 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "История" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "humanitarian_subject" "field_translit" => "istorija" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6480 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "История" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "humanitarian_subject" "field_translit" => "istorija" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1140 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5457 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "8" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "vosmoj" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5457 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "8" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "vosmoj" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1141 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1142 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5153 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Просвещение" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "prosveschenie" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5153 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Просвещение" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "prosveschenie" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1143 #items: array:6 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1144 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 3742 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Арсентьев" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Николай" "field_patronymic" => "Михайлович" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 3742 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Арсентьев" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null …4 ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 1 => App\Models\Term {#1145 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ …12] #original: array:12 [ …12] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 2 => App\Models\Term {#1146 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ …12] #original: array:12 [ …12] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 3 => App\Models\Term {#1147 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ …12] #original: array:12 [ …12] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 4 => App\Models\Term {#1148 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ …12] #original: array:12 [ …12] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 5 => App\Models\Term {#1149 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ …12] #original: array:12 [ …12] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1150 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1151 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1152 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ …10] #original: array:10 [ …10] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1153 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1154 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ …6] #original: array:6 [ …6] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1155 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1156 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ …6] #original: array:6 [ …6] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1157 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1158 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1159 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1160 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1161 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ …10] #original: array:10 [ …10] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publication_number" => "3" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1162 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1163 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ …6] #original: array:6 [ …6] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1164 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1148} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition_degree" => "академика РАН" "field_cover_description" => "со статуей" "field_publication_year" => "2023" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "1, 2" "field_part_writing" => "Часть" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => null "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации" "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "653" "field_priority" => "2" "field_default_folder" => "/istoriya_08/arsentev-u23/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-102253-7" "field_cover" => array:2 [ 0 => "/media/istoriya_08/arsentev-u23/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1739481533" 1 => "/media/istoriya_08/arsentev-u23/covers/cover2.webp?ts=1739481533" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:2 [ 0 => "часть 1" 1 => "часть 2" ] "field_covers" => array:2 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/istoriya_08/arsentev-u23/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1739481533" "alt" => "часть 1" "width" => "1200" "height" => "1576" ] 1 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/istoriya_08/arsentev-u23/covers/cover2.webp?ts=1739481533" "alt" => "часть 2" "width" => "1200" "height" => "1588" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1165 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1166 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1167 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_url" => "/8-klass/istoriya/arsentev-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1168 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1169 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ …6] #original: array:6 [ …6] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 1 => App\Models\Term {#1170 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ …6] #original: array:6 [ …6] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 379 "subject" => 551 "class_subject" => 484 ] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 765 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1141} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1143} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1150} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1151} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1153} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1155} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1157} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1158} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1159} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1160} "field_publication_number" => "3" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1162} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1164} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => "академика РАН" "field_cover_description" => "со статуей" "field_publication_year" => "2023" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "1, 2" "field_part_writing" => "Часть" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => null "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации" "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "653" "field_priority" => "2" "field_default_folder" => "/istoriya_08/arsentev-u23/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-102253-7" "field_cover" => array:2 [ 0 => "/media/istoriya_08/arsentev-u23/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1739481533" 1 => "/media/istoriya_08/arsentev-u23/covers/cover2.webp?ts=1739481533" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:2 [ 0 => "часть 1" 1 => "часть 2" ] "field_covers" => array:2 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/istoriya_08/arsentev-u23/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1739481533" "alt" => "часть 1" "width" => "1200" "height" => "1576" ] 1 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/istoriya_08/arsentev-u23/covers/cover2.webp?ts=1739481533" "alt" => "часть 2" "width" => "1200" "height" => "1588" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1165} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1166} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1167} "field_url" => "/8-klass/istoriya/arsentev-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1168} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 379 "subject" => 551 "class_subject" => 484 ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1171 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 755417 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => null "field_branch_order" => "2" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136} "field_page_start" => "3" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/istoriya_08/arsentev-u23/covers/cover2.webp?ts=1739481533" ] "field_branch_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/istoriya_08/arsentev-u23/covers/cover2.webp?ts=1739481533" "alt" => "часть 2" "width" => "1200" "height" => "1588" ] ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1173} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1171} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Branch {#1172 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 755462 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Россия при Павле I" "field_branch_order" => "IV" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1177 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1174 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 6871 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Тема" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => "0" "field_short_name" => null ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 6871 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Тема" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => "0" "field_short_name" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "57" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1176 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1135} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1175 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1034} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 755462 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Россия при Павле I" "field_branch_order" => "IV" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1177} "field_page_start" => "57" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1176} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1175} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 2 => App\Models\Branch {#1178 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 755469 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Внешняя политика Павла І" "field_branch_order" => "27" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1182 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1179 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 32 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Параграф" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => "§" ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 32 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Параграф" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => "§" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "64" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1181 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1135} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1190 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1189 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 755462 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Россия при Павле I" "field_branch_order" => "IV" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1191 …2} "field_page_start" => "57" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1192 …2} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1193 …2} ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 755462 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Россия при Павле I" "field_branch_order" => "IV" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1191 …2} "field_page_start" => "57" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1192 …2} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1193 …2} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 755469 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Внешняя политика Павла І" "field_branch_order" => "27" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1182} "field_page_start" => "64" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1181} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1190} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 3 => App\Models\Branch {#1183 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 755471 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Вопросы и задания для работы с текстом параграфа" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1180 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "68" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1186 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1135} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1199 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1198 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 755469 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Внешняя политика Павла І" "field_branch_order" => "27" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1200 …2} "field_page_start" => "64" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1201 …2} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1202 …2} ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 755469 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Внешняя политика Павла І" "field_branch_order" => "27" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1200 …2} "field_page_start" => "64" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1201 …2} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1202 …2} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 755471 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Вопросы и задания для работы с текстом параграфа" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1180} "field_page_start" => "68" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1186} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1199} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1078 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1113 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 951176 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1105 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1112 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 2336 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1110 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => null "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "vadim" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1111 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1108 …2} "field_process_formula" => "" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 2336 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1110 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => null "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "vadim" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1111 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1108 …2} "field_process_formula" => "" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "756026" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>Что являлось причиной военных столкновений России и Франции? Кто из союзников России оказывал тогда ей реальную военную помощь?</strong></p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "2-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1555" "height" => 218 "path" => "/media/istoriya_08/arsentev-u23/0-27-3/2-1.webp?ts=1739547252" ] ] ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 951176 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1105} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "756026" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>Что являлось причиной военных столкновений России и Франции? Кто из союзников России оказывал тогда ей реальную военную помощь?</strong></p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "2-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1555" "height" => 218 "path" => "/media/istoriya_08/arsentev-u23/0-27-3/2-1.webp?ts=1739547252" ] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Element {#1107 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 951645 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1106 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 2337 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1104 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => null "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Сычёв" "field_moderator" => "vadim" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1101 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102 …2} "field_process_formula" => "" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1099 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 2337 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1104 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => null "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Сычёв" "field_moderator" => "vadim" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1101 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102 …2} "field_process_formula" => "" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1099 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "756026" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p>Главной причиной столкновения стала Великая французская революция. Павел всегда считал её злом, но первое время не таким большим, чтобы вести внешнюю войну, на пагубности которой для России он настаивал. Но потом революционная опасность с точки зрения императора усилилась и началось прямое столкновение с Первой республикой.</p><p>Россия была частью антифранцузской коалиции, каждый из союзников вносил свою лепту, отвлекая на себя часть войск противника, даже Великобритания, которая не так активно вела боевые действия на суше, но создавала угрозу высадки десанта с кораблей, заставляя противника держать резервы на этот случай и не задействовать их, в частности, против российских войск. Непосредственно вместе с российскими войсками воевали австрийцы. Но тут уместнее говорить, что Россия помогала Австрии, а не наоборот, потому что, например, на Апеннинском полуострове отвоевывались как раз земли Габсбургов, земли Австрии, Габсбургам они и возвращались в результате совместных побед.</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "2-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "2053" "height" => 1538 "path" => "/media/istoriya_08/arsentev-u23/1-27-3/2-1.webp?ts=1739547640" ] ] ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 951645 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "756026" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p>Главной причиной столкновения стала Великая французская революция. Павел всегда считал её злом, но первое время не таким большим, чтобы вести внешнюю войну, на пагубности которой для России он настаивал. Но потом революционная опасность с точки зрения императора усилилась и началось прямое столкновение с Первой республикой.</p><p>Россия была частью антифранцузской коалиции, каждый из союзников вносил свою лепту, отвлекая на себя часть войск противника, даже Великобритания, которая не так активно вела боевые действия на суше, но создавала угрозу высадки десанта с кораблей, заставляя противника держать резервы на этот случай и не задействовать их, в частности, против российских войск. Непосредственно вместе с российскими войсками воевали австрийцы. Но тут уместнее говорить, что Россия помогала Австрии, а не наоборот, потому что, например, на Апеннинском полуострове отвоевывались как раз земли Габсбургов, земли Австрии, Габсбургам они и возвращались в результате совместных побед.</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "2-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "2053" "height" => 1538 "path" => "/media/istoriya_08/arsentev-u23/1-27-3/2-1.webp?ts=1739547640" ] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "756027" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "756025" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1117 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1135} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1083 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\BookPage {#1118 #connection: "mysql" #table: "book_pages" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 940985 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "68" "field_url" => "/8-klass/istoriya/arsentev-uchebnik/page-2-68" "field_display_title" => "68" "field_folder" => "2" "field_image_name" => "68" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1132} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1135} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1097 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1084 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ …6] #original: array:6 [ …6] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "940986" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "940984" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1308 #items: array:7 [ 0 => App\Models\Task {#1322 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 1 => App\Models\Task {#1329 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 2 => App\Models\Task {#1341 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 3 => App\Models\Task {#1348 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: 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+timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 5 => App\Models\Task {#1372 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 6 => App\Models\Task {#1384 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 940985 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "68" "field_url" => "/8-klass/istoriya/arsentev-uchebnik/page-2-68" "field_display_title" => "68" "field_folder" => "2" "field_image_name" => "68" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100} "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1097} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "940986" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "940984" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1308} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 756026 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "68" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/istoriya/arsentev-uchebnik/27-3-2" "field_display_title" => "2" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1035} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1080} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1122} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1078} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "756027" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "756025" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1117} "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "940985" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] }
№2 (с. 68)
Условие. №2 (с. 68)
скриншот условия
Что являлось причиной военных столкновений России и Франции? Кто из союзников России оказывал тогда ей реальную военную помощь?
Решение. №2 (с. 68)
скриншот решения
Главной причиной столкновения стала Великая французская революция. Павел всегда считал её злом, но первое время не таким большим, чтобы вести внешнюю войну, на пагубности которой для России он настаивал. Но потом революционная опасность с точки зрения императора усилилась и началось прямое столкновение с Первой республикой.
Россия была частью антифранцузской коалиции, каждый из союзников вносил свою лепту, отвлекая на себя часть войск противника, даже Великобритания, которая не так активно вела боевые действия на суше, но создавала угрозу высадки десанта с кораблей, заставляя противника держать резервы на этот случай и не задействовать их, в частности, против российских войск. Непосредственно вместе с российскими войсками воевали австрийцы. Но тут уместнее говорить, что Россия помогала Австрии, а не наоборот, потому что, например, на Апеннинском полуострове отвоевывались как раз земли Габсбургов, земли Австрии, Габсбургам они и возвращались в результате совместных побед.
Другие задания:
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