Страница 66 - гдз по обществознанию 8 класс учебник Боголюбов, Городецкая

Обществознание, 8 класс Учебник, авторы: Боголюбов Леонид Наумович, Городецкая Наталия Ивановна, Иванова Людмила Фроловна, Лазебникова Анна Юрьевна, Рутковская Елена Лазаревна, Лобанов Илья Анатольевич, Французова Ольга Александровна, Зуев Василий Евгеньевич, Коланьков Александр Валерьевич, Бабенко Андрей Викторович, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2023, зелёного цвета

Авторы: Боголюбов Л. Н., Городецкая Н. И., Иванова Л. Ф., Лазебникова А. Ю., Рутковская Е. Л., Лобанов И. А., Французова О. А., Зуев В. Е., Коланьков А. В., Бабенко А. В.

Тип: Учебник

Издательство: Просвещение

Год издания: 2023 - 2026

Цвет обложки: зелёный с небоскрёбами

ISBN: 978-5-09-102330-5

Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации

Cтраница 66

App\Models\BookPage {#1003 // resources/views/models/book_page/default.blade.php
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            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1125
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            "breadcrumbs" => []
            "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1159}
            "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1157}
            "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1160}
            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1125}
            "next" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "464759"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "previous" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "464757"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1133}
            "page" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "893648"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        2 => App\Models\Task {#1161
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "tasks"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 464759
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_page_start" => "66"
            "field_page_end" => null
            "field_url" => "/8-klass/obshestvoznanie/bogoljubov-uchebnik/08-3-3"
            "field_display_title" => "3"
            "field_outside_task" => null
            "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1122
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1077 …30}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_match" => null
            "breadcrumbs" => []
            "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1134
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1174 …30}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136
              #items: array:3 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1174 …30}
                1 => App\Models\Branch {#1178 …30}
                2 => App\Models\Branch {#1183 …30}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1138
              #items: array:3 [
                0 => App\Models\Element {#1186 …30}
                1 => App\Models\Element {#1188 …30}
                2 => App\Models\Element {#1189 …30}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "next" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "464760"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "previous" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "464758"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1169
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1006}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "page" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "893648"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 464759
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_page_start" => "66"
            "field_page_end" => null
            "field_url" => "/8-klass/obshestvoznanie/bogoljubov-uchebnik/08-3-3"
            "field_display_title" => "3"
            "field_outside_task" => null
            "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1122}
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_match" => null
            "breadcrumbs" => []
            "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1134}
            "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130}
            "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136}
            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1138}
            "next" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "464760"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "previous" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "464758"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1169}
            "page" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "893648"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        3 => App\Models\Task {#1135
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "tasks"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 464760
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_page_start" => "66"
            "field_page_end" => null
            "field_url" => "/8-klass/obshestvoznanie/bogoljubov-uchebnik/08-3-4"
            "field_display_title" => "4"
            "field_outside_task" => null
            "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1077 …30}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_match" => null
            "breadcrumbs" => []
            "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1166
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1167
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1174 …30}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1172
              #items: array:3 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1174 …30}
                1 => App\Models\Branch {#1178 …30}
                2 => App\Models\Branch {#1183 …30}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1170
              #items: array:3 [
                0 => App\Models\Element {#1207 …30}
                1 => App\Models\Element {#1209 …30}
                2 => App\Models\Element {#1211 …30}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "next" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "464761"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "previous" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "464759"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1204
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1006}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "page" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "893648"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 464760
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_page_start" => "66"
            "field_page_end" => null
            "field_url" => "/8-klass/obshestvoznanie/bogoljubov-uchebnik/08-3-4"
            "field_display_title" => "4"
            "field_outside_task" => null
            "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139}
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_match" => null
            "breadcrumbs" => []
            "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1166}
            "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1167}
            "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1172}
            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1170}
            "next" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "464761"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "previous" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "464759"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1204}
            "page" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "893648"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        4 => App\Models\Task {#1168
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "tasks"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 464761
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_page_start" => "66"
            "field_page_end" => null
            "field_url" => "/8-klass/obshestvoznanie/bogoljubov-uchebnik/08-3-5"
            "field_display_title" => "5"
            "field_outside_task" => null
            "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1163
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1077 …30}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_match" => null
            "breadcrumbs" => []
            "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1203
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1205
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1174 …30}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1201
              #items: array:3 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1174 …30}
                1 => App\Models\Branch {#1178 …30}
                2 => App\Models\Branch {#1183 …30}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1200
              #items: array:3 [
                0 => App\Models\Element {#1221 …30}
                1 => App\Models\Element {#1223 …30}
                2 => App\Models\Element {#1225 …30}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "next" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "464762"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "previous" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "464760"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1218
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1006}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "page" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "893648"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 464761
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_page_start" => "66"
            "field_page_end" => null
            "field_url" => "/8-klass/obshestvoznanie/bogoljubov-uchebnik/08-3-5"
            "field_display_title" => "5"
            "field_outside_task" => null
            "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1163}
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_match" => null
            "breadcrumbs" => []
            "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1203}
            "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1205}
            "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1201}
            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1200}
            "next" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "464762"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "previous" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "464760"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1218}
            "page" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "893648"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        5 => App\Models\Task {#1202
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "tasks"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 464762
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_page_start" => "66"
            "field_page_end" => null
            "field_url" => "/8-klass/obshestvoznanie/bogoljubov-uchebnik/08-3-6"
            "field_display_title" => "6"
            "field_outside_task" => null
            "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1199
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1077 …30}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_match" => null
            "breadcrumbs" => []
            "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1217
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1219
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1174 …30}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1215
              #items: array:3 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1174 …30}
                1 => App\Models\Branch {#1178 …30}
                2 => App\Models\Branch {#1183 …30}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1214
              #items: array:3 [
                0 => App\Models\Element {#1235 …30}
                1 => App\Models\Element {#1237 …30}
                2 => App\Models\Element {#1239 …30}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "next" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "464763"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "previous" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "464761"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1232
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1006}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "page" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "893648"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 464762
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_page_start" => "66"
            "field_page_end" => null
            "field_url" => "/8-klass/obshestvoznanie/bogoljubov-uchebnik/08-3-6"
            "field_display_title" => "6"
            "field_outside_task" => null
            "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1199}
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_match" => null
            "breadcrumbs" => []
            "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1217}
            "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1219}
            "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1215}
            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1214}
            "next" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "464763"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "previous" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "464761"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1232}
            "page" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "893648"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        6 => App\Models\Task {#1216
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "tasks"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 464763
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_page_start" => "66"
            "field_page_end" => null
            "field_url" => "/8-klass/obshestvoznanie/bogoljubov-uchebnik/08-4-1"
            "field_display_title" => "1"
            "field_outside_task" => null
            "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1213
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1077 …30}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_match" => null
            "breadcrumbs" => []
            "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1231
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1233
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1174 …30}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1362
              #items: array:3 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1372 …30}
                1 => App\Models\Branch {#1376 …30}
                2 => App\Models\Branch {#1380 …30}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1319
              #items: array:3 [
                0 => App\Models\Element {#1355 …30}
                1 => App\Models\Element {#1353 …30}
                2 => App\Models\Element {#1352 …30}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "next" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "464764"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "previous" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "464762"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1359
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1006}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "page" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "893648"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 464763
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_page_start" => "66"
            "field_page_end" => null
            "field_url" => "/8-klass/obshestvoznanie/bogoljubov-uchebnik/08-4-1"
            "field_display_title" => "1"
            "field_outside_task" => null
            "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1213}
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_match" => null
            "breadcrumbs" => []
            "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1231}
            "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1233}
            "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1362}
            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1319}
            "next" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "464764"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "previous" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "464762"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1359}
            "page" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "893648"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        7 => App\Models\Task {#1278
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "tasks"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 464764
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_page_start" => "66"
            "field_page_end" => null
            "field_url" => "/8-klass/obshestvoznanie/bogoljubov-uchebnik/08-4-2"
            "field_display_title" => "2"
            "field_outside_task" => null
            "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1369
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1077 …30}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_match" => null
            "breadcrumbs" => []
            "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1358
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1357
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1372 …30}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1322
              #items: array:3 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1372 …30}
                1 => App\Models\Branch {#1376 …30}
                2 => App\Models\Branch {#1380 …30}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1360
              #items: array:3 [
                0 => App\Models\Element {#1341 …30}
                1 => App\Models\Element {#1340 …30}
                2 => App\Models\Element {#1338 …30}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "next" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "464765"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "previous" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "464763"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1345
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1006}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "page" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "893648"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 464764
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_page_start" => "66"
            "field_page_end" => null
            "field_url" => "/8-klass/obshestvoznanie/bogoljubov-uchebnik/08-4-2"
            "field_display_title" => "2"
            "field_outside_task" => null
            "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1369}
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
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            "breadcrumbs" => []
            "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1358}
            "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1357}
            "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1322}
            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1360}
            "next" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "464765"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "previous" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "464763"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1345}
            "page" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "893648"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
          ]
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          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
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          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        8 => App\Models\Task {#1323
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "tasks"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 464765
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_page_start" => "66"
            "field_page_end" => null
            "field_url" => "/8-klass/obshestvoznanie/bogoljubov-uchebnik/08-4-3"
            "field_display_title" => "3"
            "field_outside_task" => null
            "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1320
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1077 …30}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_match" => null
            "breadcrumbs" => []
            "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1344
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1342
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1372 …30}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1346
              #items: array:3 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1372 …30}
                1 => App\Models\Branch {#1376 …30}
                2 => App\Models\Branch {#1380 …30}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1348
              #items: array:3 [
                0 => App\Models\Element {#1326 …30}
                1 => App\Models\Element {#1324 …30}
                2 => App\Models\Element {#1321 …30}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "next" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "464766"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "previous" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "464764"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1331
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1006}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "page" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "893648"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 464765
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_page_start" => "66"
            "field_page_end" => null
            "field_url" => "/8-klass/obshestvoznanie/bogoljubov-uchebnik/08-4-3"
            "field_display_title" => "3"
            "field_outside_task" => null
            "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1320}
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
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            "breadcrumbs" => []
            "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1344}
            "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1342}
            "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1346}
            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1348}
            "next" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "464766"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "previous" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "464764"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1331}
            "page" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "893648"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
          ]
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          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
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          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        9 => App\Models\Task {#1347
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "tasks"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 464766
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_page_start" => "66"
            "field_page_end" => null
            "field_url" => "/8-klass/obshestvoznanie/bogoljubov-uchebnik/08-4-4"
            "field_display_title" => "4"
            "field_outside_task" => null
            "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1349
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1077 …30}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
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            "breadcrumbs" => []
            "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1332
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1328
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1372 …30}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1334
              #items: array:3 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1372 …30}
                1 => App\Models\Branch {#1376 …30}
                2 => App\Models\Branch {#1380 …30}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1335
              #items: array:3 [
                0 => App\Models\Element {#1310 …30}
                1 => App\Models\Element {#1309 …30}
                2 => App\Models\Element {#1307 …30}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "next" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "464767"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "previous" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "464765"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1314
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1006}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "page" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "893648"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 464766
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_page_start" => "66"
            "field_page_end" => null
            "field_url" => "/8-klass/obshestvoznanie/bogoljubov-uchebnik/08-4-4"
            "field_display_title" => "4"
            "field_outside_task" => null
            "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1349}
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
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            "breadcrumbs" => []
            "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1332}
            "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1328}
            "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1334}
            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1335}
            "next" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "464767"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "previous" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "464765"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1314}
            "page" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "893648"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
          ]
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          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
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          #touches: []
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          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        10 => App\Models\Task {#1333
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "tasks"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 464767
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_page_start" => "66"
            "field_page_end" => null
            "field_url" => "/8-klass/obshestvoznanie/bogoljubov-uchebnik/08-5-1"
            "field_display_title" => "1"
            "field_outside_task" => null
            "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1336
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1077 …30}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
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            "breadcrumbs" => []
            "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1315
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1313
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1372 …30}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1394
              #items: array:3 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1404 …30}
                1 => App\Models\Branch {#1408 …30}
                2 => App\Models\Branch {#1412 …30}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1388
              #items: array:3 [
                0 => App\Models\Element {#1365 …30}
                1 => App\Models\Element {#1364 …30}
                2 => App\Models\Element {#1366 …30}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "next" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "464768"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "previous" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "464766"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1387
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1006}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "page" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "893648"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 464767
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_page_start" => "66"
            "field_page_end" => null
            "field_url" => "/8-klass/obshestvoznanie/bogoljubov-uchebnik/08-5-1"
            "field_display_title" => "1"
            "field_outside_task" => null
            "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1336}
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
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            "field_description_bottom" => null
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            "breadcrumbs" => []
            "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1315}
            "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1313}
            "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1394}
            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1388}
            "next" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "464768"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "previous" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "464766"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1387}
            "page" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "893648"
              "type" => "book_page"
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          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
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          #touches: []
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            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        11 => App\Models\Task {#1269
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "tasks"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 464768
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
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            "field_url" => "/8-klass/obshestvoznanie/bogoljubov-uchebnik/08-5-2"
            "field_display_title" => "2"
            "field_outside_task" => null
            "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1401
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1077 …30}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
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            "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1386
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1385
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1404 …30}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1391
              #items: array:3 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1404 …30}
                1 => App\Models\Branch {#1408 …30}
                2 => App\Models\Branch {#1412 …30}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1392
              #items: array:3 [
                0 => App\Models\Element {#1245 …30}
                1 => App\Models\Element {#1248 …30}
                2 => App\Models\Element {#1250 …30}
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            }
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              "type" => "task"
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            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1241
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1006}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "page" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "893648"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
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            "id" => 464768
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            "field_display_title" => "2"
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            "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1401}
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            "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1386}
            "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1385}
            "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1391}
            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1392}
            "next" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "464769"
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            "previous" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "464767"
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            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1241}
            "page" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "893648"
              "type" => "book_page"
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          #attributeCastCache: []
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          #touches: []
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            0 => "*"
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      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
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  ]
  #original: array:21 [
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    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
    "updated_at" => null
    "field_page_start" => "66"
    "field_url" => "/8-klass/obshestvoznanie/bogoljubov-uchebnik/page-66"
    "field_display_title" => "66"
    "field_folder" => "1"
    "field_image_name" => "66"
    "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1008}
    "field_weight" => "0"
    "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1046}
    "field_metatags_title" => null
    "field_metatags_description" => null
    "field_h1" => null
    "field_description_top" => null
    "field_description_bottom" => null
    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1044}
    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055}
    "next" => array:2 [
      "refs" => "893649"
      "type" => "book_page"
    ]
    "previous" => array:2 [
      "refs" => "893647"
      "type" => "book_page"
    ]
    "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1048}
  ]
  #changes: []
  #casts: []
  #classCastCache: []
  #attributeCastCache: []
  #dateFormat: null
  #appends: []
  #dispatchesEvents: []
  #observables: []
  #relations: []
  #touches: []
  +timestamps: true
  +usesUniqueIds: false
  #hidden: []
  #visible: []
  #fillable: []
  #guarded: array:1 [
    0 => "*"
  ]
}
Обществознание, 8 класс Учебник, авторы: Боголюбов Леонид Наумович, Городецкая Наталия Ивановна, Иванова Людмила Фроловна, Лазебникова Анна Юрьевна, Рутковская Елена Лазаревна, Лобанов Илья Анатольевич, Французова Ольга Александровна, Зуев Василий Евгеньевич, Коланьков Александр Валерьевич, Бабенко Андрей Викторович, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2023, зелёного цвета, страница 66
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