Номер 1, страница 174, часть 2 - гдз по физике 9 класс учебник Белага, Воронцова

Авторы: Белага В. В., Воронцова Н. И., Ломаченков И. А., Панебратцев Ю. А.

Тип: Учебник

Издательство: Просвещение

Год издания: 2024 - 2026

Уровень обучения: углублённый

Часть: 2

Цвет обложки: голубой

ISBN: 978-5-09-121759-9

Часть 2. Глава 11. Квантовые явления. Параграф 104. Ядерные силы и ядерные реакции. Повторим изученное - номер 1, страница 174.

App\Models\Task {#1030 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php
  #connection: "mysql"
  #table: "tasks"
  #primaryKey: "id"
  #keyType: "int"
  +incrementing: true
  #with: []
  #withCount: []
  +preventsLazyLoading: false
  #perPage: 15
  +exists: true
  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
  #attributes: array:24 [
    "id" => 1506905
    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
    "updated_at" => null
    "field_page_start" => "174"
    "field_page_end" => null
    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/belaga-uchebnik/104povtor-1"
    "field_display_title" => "1"
    "field_outside_task" => null
    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037
      #items: array:1 [
        0 => App\Models\Term {#1036
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "terms"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: false
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
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          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:6 [
            "id" => 26
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "name" => "номер"
            "field_cases" => array:6 [
              "field_accusative_case" => "номер"
              "field_creative_case" => "номером"
              "field_dative_case" => "номеру"
              "field_genitive_case" => "номера"
              "field_nominative_case" => "номер"
              "field_prepositional_case" => "номере"
            ]
            "field_short_name" => ""
          ]
          #original: array:6 [
            "id" => 26
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "name" => "номер"
            "field_cases" => array:6 [
              "field_accusative_case" => "номер"
              "field_creative_case" => "номером"
              "field_dative_case" => "номеру"
              "field_genitive_case" => "номера"
              "field_nominative_case" => "номер"
              "field_prepositional_case" => "номере"
            ]
            "field_short_name" => ""
          ]
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          #dispatchesEvents: []
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          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
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          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "field_metatags_title" => null
    "field_metatags_description" => null
    "field_h1" => null
    "field_description_top" => null
    "field_description_bottom" => null
    "field_match" => null
    "breadcrumbs" => []
    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1035
      #items: []
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1046
      #items: array:1 [
        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
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          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 1505926
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => null
            "field_branch_order" => "2"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1047
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:7 [
                    "id" => 31
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Часть"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
                      "field_accusative_case" => "Часть"
                      "field_creative_case" => "Частью"
                      "field_dative_case" => "Части"
                      "field_genitive_case" => "Части"
                      "field_nominative_case" => "Часть"
                      "field_prepositional_case" => "Части"
                    ]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => "1"
                    "field_short_name" => "ч."
                  ]
                  #original: array:7 [
                    "id" => 31
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Часть"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
                      "field_accusative_case" => "Часть"
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                      "field_nominative_case" => "Часть"
                      "field_prepositional_case" => "Части"
                    ]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => "1"
                    "field_short_name" => "ч."
                  ]
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                    0 => "*"
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              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "6"
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            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1058
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1057
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "books"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:50 [
                    "id" => 1652
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks"
                    "field_pages_status" => null
                    "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1059
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:10 [
                            "id" => 6493
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Физика"
                            "field_abbreviated_name" => null
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => "физику"
                              "field_creative_case" => "физикой"
                              "field_dative_case" => "физике"
                              "field_genitive_case" => "физики"
                              "field_nominative_case" => "физика"
                              "field_prepositional_case" => "физике"
                            ]
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_short_name" => null
                            "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject"
                            "field_translit" => "fizika"
                          ]
                          #original: array:10 [
                            "id" => 6493
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Физика"
                            "field_abbreviated_name" => null
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => "физику"
                              "field_creative_case" => "физикой"
                              "field_dative_case" => "физике"
                              "field_genitive_case" => "физики"
                              "field_nominative_case" => "физика"
                              "field_prepositional_case" => "физике"
                            ]
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_short_name" => null
                            "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject"
                            "field_translit" => "fizika"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
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                          #dateFormat: null
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                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
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                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1061
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
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                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
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                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 5458
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "9"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => "девятый"
                              "field_creative_case" => "девятым"
                              "field_dative_case" => "девятому"
                              "field_genitive_case" => "девятого"
                              "field_nominative_case" => "девятый"
                              "field_prepositional_case" => "девятом"
                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "devjatyj"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 5458
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "9"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => "девятый"
                              "field_creative_case" => "девятым"
                              "field_dative_case" => "девятому"
                              "field_genitive_case" => "девятого"
                              "field_nominative_case" => "девятый"
                              "field_prepositional_case" => "девятом"
                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "devjatyj"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
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                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
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                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1063
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
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                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 5153
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Просвещение"
                            "field_cases" => null
                            "field_translit" => "prosveschenie"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 5153
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Просвещение"
                            "field_cases" => null
                            "field_translit" => "prosveschenie"
                          ]
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                          ]
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                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060
                      #items: array:4 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1077
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
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                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
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                            "id" => 3824
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Белага"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Виктория"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Владимировна"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #original: array:12 [
                            "id" => 3824
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Белага"
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                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Виктория"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Владимировна"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #changes: []
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                        }
                        1 => App\Models\Term {#1078
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
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                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:12 [
                            "id" => 4049
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Воронцова"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Наталия"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Игоревна"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #original: array:12 [
                            "id" => 4049
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Воронцова"
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                            "field_degree_rp" => null
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                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
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                          #changes: []
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                        2 => App\Models\Term {#1079
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
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                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Ломаченков"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
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                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Иван"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Алексеевич"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
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                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
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                            "field_bio" => null
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                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Иван"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Алексеевич"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
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                          #dateFormat: null
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                        3 => App\Models\Term {#1080
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
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                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:12 [
                            "id" => 5412
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Панебратцев"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Юрий"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Анатольевич"
                            "field_surname_rp" => "Панебратцева"
                          ]
                          #original: array:12 [
                            "id" => 5412
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Панебратцев"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
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                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Юрий"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Анатольевич"
                            "field_surname_rp" => "Панебратцева"
                          ]
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                    "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1075
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1072
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1067
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
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                          #perPage: 15
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                          #attributes: array:10 [
                            "id" => 6671
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
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                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
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                              "field_genitive_case" => "учебника"
                              "field_nominative_case" => "учебник"
                              "field_prepositional_case" => "учебнике"
                            ]
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                            "field_short_name_foreign" => null
                            "field_translit" => "uchebnik"
                          ]
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                            "id" => 6671
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Учебник"
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                            ]
                            "field_plural_form" => null
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                            "field_translit" => "uchebnik"
                          ]
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                          #dateFormat: null
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                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
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                    }
                    "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1073
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
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                          #withCount: []
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                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 9
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Россия"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
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                              "field_genitive_case" => null
                              "field_nominative_case" => null
                              "field_prepositional_case" => null
                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "rossiya"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 9
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Россия"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
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                              "field_nominative_case" => null
                              "field_prepositional_case" => null
                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "rossiya"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
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                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
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                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1074
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 15
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Москва"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => null
                              "field_creative_case" => null
                              "field_dative_case" => null
                              "field_genitive_case" => null
                              "field_nominative_case" => null
                              "field_prepositional_case" => null
                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "moskva"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 15
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Москва"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
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                              "field_prepositional_case" => null
                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "moskva"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
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                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
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                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
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                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1083
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1069
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 39
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "углублённый"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => "углубленный"
                              "field_creative_case" => "углубленным"
                              "field_dative_case" => "углубленному"
                              "field_genitive_case" => "углубленного"
                              "field_nominative_case" => "углубленный"
                              "field_prepositional_case" => "углубленном"
                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "uglublennyy"
                          ]
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                            "id" => 39
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "углублённый"
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                              "field_genitive_case" => "углубленного"
                              "field_nominative_case" => "углубленный"
                              "field_prepositional_case" => "углубленном"
                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "uglublennyy"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
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                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1085
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1082
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
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                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:10 [
                            "id" => 25
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "ФГОС (новый)"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => null
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                              "field_dative_case" => null
                              "field_genitive_case" => null
                              "field_nominative_case" => null
                              "field_prepositional_case" => null
                            ]
                            "field_color" => "красный"
                            "field_end_year" => "2027"
                            "field_start_year" => "2023"
                            "field_translit" => "fgos"
                            "field_type" => "новый"
                          ]
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                            "id" => 25
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "ФГОС (новый)"
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                            ]
                            "field_color" => "красный"
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                          ]
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                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
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                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
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                        }
                      ]
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                    }
                    "field_publication_number" => "2"
                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1087
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1084
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
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                          #withCount: []
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                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
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                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 33
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "стереотипное"
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                              "field_accusative_case" => null
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                              "field_dative_case" => null
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                              "field_nominative_case" => null
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                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "stereotipnoe"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 33
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "стереотипное"
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                              "field_nominative_case" => null
                              "field_prepositional_case" => null
                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "stereotipnoe"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1080}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
                    "field_cover_description" => null
                    "field_publication_year" => "2024"
                    "field_publication_year_until" => null
                    "field_part" => "1, 2"
                    "field_part_writing" => "Часть"
                    "field_second_foreign_language" => null
                    "field_for_whom" => "Учебное издание"
                    "field_allowed" => null
                    "field_reserve_field" => null
                    "field_link_to_source" => null
                    "field_tasks_count" => "919"
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                    "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/belaga-u/"
                    "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-121759-9"
                    "field_cover" => array:2 [
                      0 => "/media/fizika_09/belaga-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1761256721"
                      1 => "/media/fizika_09/belaga-u/covers/cover2.webp?ts=1761256721"
                    ]
                    "field_cover_alts" => array:2 [
                      0 => ""
                      1 => ""
                    ]
                    "field_covers" => array:2 [
                      0 => array:4 [
                        "path" => "/media/fizika_09/belaga-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1761256721"
                        "alt" => ""
                        "width" => "2322"
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                      ]
                      1 => array:4 [
                        "path" => "/media/fizika_09/belaga-u/covers/cover2.webp?ts=1761256721"
                        "alt" => ""
                        "width" => "2308"
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                      ]
                    ]
                    "field_popular_book" => "0"
                    "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1089
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/belaga-uchebnik"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1093
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1090
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 52
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "голубой"
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                              "field_accusative_case" => "голубой"
                              "field_creative_case" => "голубым"
                              "field_dative_case" => "голубому"
                              "field_genitive_case" => "голубого"
                              "field_nominative_case" => "голубой"
                              "field_prepositional_case" => "голубом"
                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "goluboy"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 52
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "голубой"
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                              "field_genitive_case" => "голубого"
                              "field_nominative_case" => "голубой"
                              "field_prepositional_case" => "голубом"
                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "goluboy"
                          ]
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                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
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                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
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                          #hidden: []
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                          #fillable: []
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                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
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                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
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                    ]
                  ]
                  #original: array:50 [
                    "id" => 1652
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks"
                    "field_pages_status" => null
                    "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062}
                    "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064}
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066}
                    "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060}
                    "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1075}
                    "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1072}
                    "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070}
                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071}
                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068}
                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065}
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1083}
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1085}
                    "field_publication_number" => "2"
                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1087}
                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086}
                    "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
                    "field_cover_description" => null
                    "field_publication_year" => "2024"
                    "field_publication_year_until" => null
                    "field_part" => "1, 2"
                    "field_part_writing" => "Часть"
                    "field_second_foreign_language" => null
                    "field_for_whom" => "Учебное издание"
                    "field_allowed" => null
                    "field_reserve_field" => null
                    "field_link_to_source" => null
                    "field_tasks_count" => "919"
                    "field_priority" => null
                    "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/belaga-u/"
                    "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-121759-9"
                    "field_cover" => array:2 [
                      0 => "/media/fizika_09/belaga-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1761256721"
                      1 => "/media/fizika_09/belaga-u/covers/cover2.webp?ts=1761256721"
                    ]
                    "field_cover_alts" => array:2 [
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                      1 => ""
                    ]
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                        "alt" => ""
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                      ]
                      1 => array:4 [
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                        "alt" => ""
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                      ]
                    ]
                    "field_popular_book" => "0"
                    "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081}
                    "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088}
                    "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1089}
                    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/belaga-uchebnik"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1093}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
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                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
                      "class" => 380
                      "subject" => 556
                      "class_subject" => 493
                    ]
                  ]
                  #changes: []
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                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
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                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
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                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1048
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 1505926
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => null
            "field_branch_order" => "2"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050}
            "field_page_start" => "6"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1058}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1048}
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1119
      #items: array:4 [
        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1129
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 1505926
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => null
            "field_branch_order" => "2"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1047}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "6"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1057}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 1505926
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => null
            "field_branch_order" => "2"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130}
            "field_page_start" => "6"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132}
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        1 => App\Models\Branch {#1133
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 1506035
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Квантовые явления"
            "field_branch_order" => "11"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1134
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:7 [
                    "id" => 29
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Глава"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
                      "field_accusative_case" => "Главу"
                      "field_creative_case" => "Главой"
                      "field_dative_case" => "Главе"
                      "field_genitive_case" => "Главы"
                      "field_nominative_case" => "Глава"
                      "field_prepositional_case" => "Главе"
                    ]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => null
                    "field_short_name" => null
                  ]
                  #original: array:7 [
                    "id" => 29
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Глава"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
                      "field_accusative_case" => "Главу"
                      "field_creative_case" => "Главой"
                      "field_dative_case" => "Главе"
                      "field_genitive_case" => "Главы"
                      "field_nominative_case" => "Глава"
                      "field_prepositional_case" => "Главе"
                    ]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => null
                    "field_short_name" => null
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "148"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1057}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 1506035
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Квантовые явления"
            "field_branch_order" => "11"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137}
            "field_page_start" => "148"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135}
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        2 => App\Models\Branch {#1138
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 1506057
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Ядерные силы и ядерные реакции"
            "field_branch_order" => "104"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1142
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1139
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:7 [
                    "id" => 32
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Параграф"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
                      "field_accusative_case" => "Параграф"
                      "field_creative_case" => "Параграфом"
                      "field_dative_case" => "Параграфу"
                      "field_genitive_case" => "Параграфа"
                      "field_nominative_case" => "Параграф"
                      "field_prepositional_case" => "Параграфе"
                    ]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => null
                    "field_short_name" => "§"
                  ]
                  #original: array:7 [
                    "id" => 32
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Параграф"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
                      "field_accusative_case" => "Параграф"
                      "field_creative_case" => "Параграфом"
                      "field_dative_case" => "Параграфу"
                      "field_genitive_case" => "Параграфа"
                      "field_nominative_case" => "Параграф"
                      "field_prepositional_case" => "Параграфе"
                    ]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => null
                    "field_short_name" => "§"
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "174"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1141
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1057}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1150
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1149
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "branches"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1506035
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_display_title" => "Квантовые явления"
                    "field_branch_order" => "11"
                    "field_url" => null
                    "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1151
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_page_start" => "148"
                    "field_branch_display" => "0"
                    "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
                    "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
                    "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
                    "field_navigation_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_branch_cover" => []
                    "field_branch_covers" => []
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1152
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1153
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                  ]
                  #original: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1506035
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_display_title" => "Квантовые явления"
                    "field_branch_order" => "11"
                    "field_url" => null
                    "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1151}
                    "field_page_start" => "148"
                    "field_branch_display" => "0"
                    "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
                    "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
                    "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
                    "field_navigation_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_branch_cover" => []
                    "field_branch_covers" => []
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1152}
                    "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1153}
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 1506057
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Ядерные силы и ядерные реакции"
            "field_branch_order" => "104"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1142}
            "field_page_start" => "174"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1141}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1150}
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        3 => App\Models\Branch {#1143
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 1506058
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Повторим изученное"
            "field_branch_order" => null
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1140
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "174"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1057}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1159
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1158
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "branches"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1506057
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_display_title" => "Ядерные силы и ядерные реакции"
                    "field_branch_order" => "104"
                    "field_url" => null
                    "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1160
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_page_start" => "174"
                    "field_branch_display" => "0"
                    "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
                    "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
                    "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
                    "field_navigation_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_branch_cover" => []
                    "field_branch_covers" => []
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1161
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1162
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                  ]
                  #original: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1506057
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_display_title" => "Ядерные силы и ядерные реакции"
                    "field_branch_order" => "104"
                    "field_url" => null
                    "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1160}
                    "field_page_start" => "174"
                    "field_branch_display" => "0"
                    "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
                    "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
                    "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
                    "field_navigation_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_branch_cover" => []
                    "field_branch_covers" => []
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1161}
                    "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1162}
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
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                    0 => "*"
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                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
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          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 1506058
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Повторим изученное"
            "field_branch_order" => null
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1140}
            "field_page_start" => "174"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1159}
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      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
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    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1038
      #items: array:2 [
        0 => App\Models\Element {#1110
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "elements"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
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          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:7 [
            "id" => 1803873
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1094
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "editions"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
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                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:21 [
                    "id" => 6617
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Условие"
                    "field_order" => "1"
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_content_type" => "free"
                    "field_content_mode" => "text, image"
                    "field_page_content_mode" => "image"
                    "field_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_solution_author" => "Автор"
                    "field_moderator" => "stas"
                    "field_edition_type" => "statement"
                    "field_root_dir" => "0-"
                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1106
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_comment" => null
                    "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1107
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_process_formula" => "katex"
                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1104
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_content_source" => null
                  ]
                  #original: array:21 [
                    "id" => 6617
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Условие"
                    "field_order" => "1"
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109}
                    "field_content_type" => "free"
                    "field_content_mode" => "text, image"
                    "field_page_content_mode" => "image"
                    "field_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_solution_author" => "Автор"
                    "field_moderator" => "stas"
                    "field_edition_type" => "statement"
                    "field_root_dir" => "0-"
                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1106}
                    "field_comment" => null
                    "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1107}
                    "field_process_formula" => "katex"
                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1104}
                    "field_content_source" => null
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
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                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1506905"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "text" => "<p>• Какие частицы входят в состав атомных ядер?</p>"
            "img" => array:1 [
              0 => array:5 [
                "name" => "1-1.jpg"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "945"
                "height" => 181
                "path" => "/media/fizika_09/belaga-u/0-104povtor/1-1.webp?ts=1762277454"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          #original: array:7 [
            "id" => 1803873
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102}
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1506905"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "text" => "<p>• Какие частицы входят в состав атомных ядер?</p>"
            "img" => array:1 [
              0 => array:5 [
                "name" => "1-1.jpg"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "945"
                "height" => 181
                "path" => "/media/fizika_09/belaga-u/0-104povtor/1-1.webp?ts=1762277454"
              ]
            ]
          ]
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          +timestamps: true
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          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
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          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        1 => App\Models\Element {#1105
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "elements"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:6 [
            "id" => 1855645
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1103
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "editions"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:21 [
                    "id" => 7180
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Решение"
                    "field_order" => "2"
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1101
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_content_type" => "free"
                    "field_content_mode" => "text"
                    "field_page_content_mode" => ""
                    "field_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro"
                    "field_moderator" => "tolik"
                    "field_edition_type" => "solution"
                    "field_root_dir" => "1-"
                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_comment" => null
                    "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1099
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_process_formula" => "katex"
                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1096
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_content_source" => null
                  ]
                  #original: array:21 [
                    "id" => 7180
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Решение"
                    "field_order" => "2"
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1101}
                    "field_content_type" => "free"
                    "field_content_mode" => "text"
                    "field_page_content_mode" => ""
                    "field_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro"
                    "field_moderator" => "tolik"
                    "field_edition_type" => "solution"
                    "field_root_dir" => "1-"
                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098}
                    "field_comment" => null
                    "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1099}
                    "field_process_formula" => "katex"
                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1096}
                    "field_content_source" => null
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
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                  #dispatchesEvents: []
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                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1506905"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "text" => "<p>В состав атомного ядра входят частицы двух видов: <strong>протоны</strong> и <strong>нейтроны</strong>. Их общее название — нуклоны (от латинского <em>nucleus</em>, что означает «ядро»).</p><p><strong>Протоны</strong> — это положительно заряженные частицы. Заряд протона по модулю равен элементарному электрическому заряду. Количество протонов в ядре, называемое зарядовым числом или атомным номером ($\text{Z}$), определяет, к какому химическому элементу относится атом. Например, ядро атома водорода содержит один протон, а ядро атома гелия — два протона.</p><p><strong>Нейтроны</strong> — это электрически нейтральные частицы, то есть они не имеют заряда. Их масса очень близка к массе протона. Атомы одного и того же химического элемента могут содержать разное число нейтронов. Такие разновидности атомов называются изотопами. Например, ядро самого распространённого изотопа водорода, протия, состоит только из одного протона, тогда как ядро его изотопа дейтерия содержит один протон и один нейтрон.</p><p>Общее число нуклонов (протонов и нейтронов) в ядре называется массовым числом и обозначается буквой $\text{A}$. Массовое число является суммой числа протонов $\text{Z}$ и числа нейтронов $\text{N}$:</p><p>$A = Z + N$</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> В состав атомных ядер входят протоны и нейтроны.</p>"
          ]
          #original: array:6 [
            "id" => 1855645
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055}
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1506905"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "text" => "<p>В состав атомного ядра входят частицы двух видов: <strong>протоны</strong> и <strong>нейтроны</strong>. Их общее название — нуклоны (от латинского <em>nucleus</em>, что означает «ядро»).</p><p><strong>Протоны</strong> — это положительно заряженные частицы. Заряд протона по модулю равен элементарному электрическому заряду. Количество протонов в ядре, называемое зарядовым числом или атомным номером ($\text{Z}$), определяет, к какому химическому элементу относится атом. Например, ядро атома водорода содержит один протон, а ядро атома гелия — два протона.</p><p><strong>Нейтроны</strong> — это электрически нейтральные частицы, то есть они не имеют заряда. Их масса очень близка к массе протона. Атомы одного и того же химического элемента могут содержать разное число нейтронов. Такие разновидности атомов называются изотопами. Например, ядро самого распространённого изотопа водорода, протия, состоит только из одного протона, тогда как ядро его изотопа дейтерия содержит один протон и один нейтрон.</p><p>Общее число нуклонов (протонов и нейтронов) в ядре называется массовым числом и обозначается буквой $\text{A}$. Массовое число является суммой числа протонов $\text{Z}$ и числа нейтронов $\text{N}$:</p><p>$A = Z + N$</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> В состав атомных ядер входят протоны и нейтроны.</p>"
          ]
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    "previous" => array:2 [
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      "type" => "task"
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    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113
      #items: array:1 [
        0 => App\Models\Book {#1057}
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      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "page" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1040
      #items: array:1 [
        0 => App\Models\BookPage {#1115
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "book_pages"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
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          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
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          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:21 [
            "id" => 1507443
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_page_start" => "174"
            "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/belaga-uchebnik/page-2-174"
            "field_display_title" => "174"
            "field_folder" => "2"
            "field_image_name" => "174"
            "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1097
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1129}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_weight" => "0"
            "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1057}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
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            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1039
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Element {#1034
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "elements"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [
                    "id" => 1804418
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1118
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "book_page" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1507443"
                      "type" => "book_page"
                    ]
                    "img" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:5 [ …5]
                    ]
                  ]
                  #original: array:6 [
                    "id" => 1804418
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1118}
                    "book_page" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1507443"
                      "type" => "book_page"
                    ]
                    "img" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:5 [ …5]
                    ]
                  ]
                  #changes: []
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                  #attributeCastCache: []
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                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
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                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "next" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1507444"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
            "previous" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1507442"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
            "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1232
              #items: array:2 [
                0 => App\Models\Task {#1240
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1506905
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_page_start" => "174"
                    "field_page_end" => null
                    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/belaga-uchebnik/104povtor-1"
                    "field_display_title" => "1"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1241
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
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                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_match" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => []
                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1242
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1243
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                       …1
                    }
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1244 …2}
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1245 …2}
                    "next" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "previous" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1246 …2}
                    "page" => array:2 [ …2]
                  ]
                  #original: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1506905
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_page_start" => "174"
                    "field_page_end" => null
                    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/belaga-uchebnik/104povtor-1"
                    "field_display_title" => "1"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1241}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
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                    "breadcrumbs" => []
                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1242}
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1243 …1}
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1244 …2}
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1245 …2}
                    "next" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "previous" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1246 …2}
                    "page" => array:2 [ …2]
                  ]
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}
№1 (с. 174)
Условие. №1 (с. 174)
скриншот условия
Физика, 9 класс Учебник, авторы: Белага Виктория Владимировна, Воронцова Наталия Игоревна, Ломаченков Иван Алексеевич, Панебратцев Юрий Анатольевич, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2024, голубого цвета, Часть 2, страница 174, номер 1, Условие

• Какие частицы входят в состав атомных ядер?

Решение. №1 (с. 174)

В состав атомного ядра входят частицы двух видов: протоны и нейтроны. Их общее название — нуклоны (от латинского nucleus, что означает «ядро»).

Протоны — это положительно заряженные частицы. Заряд протона по модулю равен элементарному электрическому заряду. Количество протонов в ядре, называемое зарядовым числом или атомным номером ($\text{Z}$), определяет, к какому химическому элементу относится атом. Например, ядро атома водорода содержит один протон, а ядро атома гелия — два протона.

Нейтроны — это электрически нейтральные частицы, то есть они не имеют заряда. Их масса очень близка к массе протона. Атомы одного и того же химического элемента могут содержать разное число нейтронов. Такие разновидности атомов называются изотопами. Например, ядро самого распространённого изотопа водорода, протия, состоит только из одного протона, тогда как ядро его изотопа дейтерия содержит один протон и один нейтрон.

Общее число нуклонов (протонов и нейтронов) в ядре называется массовым числом и обозначается буквой $\text{A}$. Массовое число является суммой числа протонов $\text{Z}$ и числа нейтронов $\text{N}$:

$A = Z + N$

Ответ: В состав атомных ядер входят протоны и нейтроны.

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