Номер 1, страница 219, часть 1 - гдз по физике 9 класс учебник Белага, Воронцова

Авторы: Белага В. В., Воронцова Н. И., Ломаченков И. А., Панебратцев Ю. А.

Тип: Учебник

Издательство: Просвещение

Год издания: 2024 - 2026

Уровень обучения: углублённый

Часть: 1

Цвет обложки: голубой

ISBN: 978-5-09-121759-9

Часть 1. Глава 6. Механические колебания и волны. Параграф 53. Гармонические колебания. Вопросы и задания - номер 1, страница 219.

App\Models\Task {#1030 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php
  #connection: "mysql"
  #table: "tasks"
  #primaryKey: "id"
  #keyType: "int"
  +incrementing: true
  #with: []
  #withCount: []
  +preventsLazyLoading: false
  #perPage: 15
  +exists: true
  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
  #attributes: array:24 [
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    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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    "field_page_end" => null
    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/belaga-uchebnik/53vopr-1"
    "field_display_title" => "1"
    "field_outside_task" => null
    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037
      #items: array:1 [
        0 => App\Models\Term {#1036
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "terms"
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          #keyType: "int"
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          #attributes: array:6 [
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            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "name" => "номер"
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              "field_accusative_case" => "номер"
              "field_creative_case" => "номером"
              "field_dative_case" => "номеру"
              "field_genitive_case" => "номера"
              "field_nominative_case" => "номер"
              "field_prepositional_case" => "номере"
            ]
            "field_short_name" => ""
          ]
          #original: array:6 [
            "id" => 26
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "name" => "номер"
            "field_cases" => array:6 [
              "field_accusative_case" => "номер"
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              "field_prepositional_case" => "номере"
            ]
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          ]
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        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1034
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
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            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1039
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                0 => App\Models\Term {#1038
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
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                  +incrementing: false
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                      "field_prepositional_case" => "Части"
                    ]
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              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1041
                  #connection: "mysql"
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                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                    "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1042
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
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                    "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1044
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                    }
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1046
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                    }
                    "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1048
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                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1053
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1054
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1058
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_publication_number" => "2"
                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
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                    "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/belaga-u/"
                    "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-121759-9"
                    "field_cover" => array:2 [
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                    ]
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                      1 => ""
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                      0 => array:4 [ …4]
                      1 => array:4 [ …4]
                    ]
                    "field_popular_book" => "0"
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                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070
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                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
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                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/belaga-uchebnik"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1072
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
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                    "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056}
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                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061}
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                    "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1222
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                          #table: "terms"
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                            "updated_at" => null
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                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_short_name" => null
                            "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject"
                            "field_translit" => "fizika"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1223
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1224
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 5458
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "9"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "devjatyj"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 5458
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "9"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "devjatyj"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1225
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1226
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 5153
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Просвещение"
                            "field_cases" => null
                            "field_translit" => "prosveschenie"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 5153
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Просвещение"
                            "field_cases" => null
                            "field_translit" => "prosveschenie"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1227
                      #items: array:4 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1228
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:12 [
                            "id" => 3824
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Белага"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Виктория"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Владимировна"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #original: array:12 [
                            "id" => 3824
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Белага"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Виктория"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Владимировна"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                        1 => App\Models\Term {#1229
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:12 [
                            "id" => 4049
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Воронцова"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Наталия"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Игоревна"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #original: array:12 [
                            "id" => 4049
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Воронцова"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Наталия"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Игоревна"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                        2 => App\Models\Term {#1230
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:12 [
                            "id" => 5014
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Ломаченков"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Иван"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Алексеевич"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #original: array:12 [
                            "id" => 5014
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Ломаченков"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Иван"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Алексеевич"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                        3 => App\Models\Term {#1231
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:12 [
                            "id" => 5412
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Панебратцев"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Юрий"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Анатольевич"
                            "field_surname_rp" => "Панебратцева"
                          ]
                          #original: array:12 [
                            "id" => 5412
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Панебратцев"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Юрий"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Анатольевич"
                            "field_surname_rp" => "Панебратцева"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1232
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1233
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1234
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:10 [
                            "id" => 6671
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Учебник"
                            "field_book_type_foreign" => null
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_plural_form" => null
                            "field_short_name" => null
                            "field_short_name_foreign" => null
                            "field_translit" => "uchebnik"
                          ]
                          #original: array:10 [
                            "id" => 6671
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Учебник"
                            "field_book_type_foreign" => null
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_plural_form" => null
                            "field_short_name" => null
                            "field_short_name_foreign" => null
                            "field_translit" => "uchebnik"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1235
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1236
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 9
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Россия"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "rossiya"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 9
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Россия"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "rossiya"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1237
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1238
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 15
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Москва"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "moskva"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 15
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Москва"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "moskva"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1239
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1240
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1241
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1242
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 39
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "углублённый"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "uglublennyy"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 39
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "углублённый"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "uglublennyy"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1243
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1244
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:10 [
                            "id" => 25
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "ФГОС (новый)"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_color" => "красный"
                            "field_end_year" => "2027"
                            "field_start_year" => "2023"
                            "field_translit" => "fgos"
                            "field_type" => "новый"
                          ]
                          #original: array:10 [
                            "id" => 25
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "ФГОС (новый)"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_color" => "красный"
                            "field_end_year" => "2027"
                            "field_start_year" => "2023"
                            "field_translit" => "fgos"
                            "field_type" => "новый"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_publication_number" => "2"
                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1245
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1246
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 33
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "стереотипное"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "stereotipnoe"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 33
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "стереотипное"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "stereotipnoe"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1247
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1231}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
                    "field_cover_description" => null
                    "field_publication_year" => "2024"
                    "field_publication_year_until" => null
                    "field_part" => "1, 2"
                    "field_part_writing" => "Часть"
                    "field_second_foreign_language" => null
                    "field_for_whom" => "Учебное издание"
                    "field_allowed" => null
                    "field_reserve_field" => null
                    "field_link_to_source" => null
                    "field_tasks_count" => "919"
                    "field_priority" => null
                    "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/belaga-u/"
                    "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-121759-9"
                    "field_cover" => array:2 [
                      0 => "/media/fizika_09/belaga-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1761256721"
                      1 => "/media/fizika_09/belaga-u/covers/cover2.webp?ts=1761256721"
                    ]
                    "field_cover_alts" => array:2 [
                      0 => ""
                      1 => ""
                    ]
                    "field_covers" => array:2 [
                      0 => array:4 [
                        "path" => "/media/fizika_09/belaga-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1761256721"
                        "alt" => ""
                        "width" => "2322"
                        "height" => "3039"
                      ]
                      1 => array:4 [
                        "path" => "/media/fizika_09/belaga-u/covers/cover2.webp?ts=1761256721"
                        "alt" => ""
                        "width" => "2308"
                        "height" => "3035"
                      ]
                    ]
                    "field_popular_book" => "0"
                    "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1248
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1249
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1250
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/belaga-uchebnik"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1251
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1252
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 52
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "голубой"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "goluboy"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 52
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "голубой"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "goluboy"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
                      "class" => 380
                      "subject" => 556
                      "class_subject" => 493
                    ]
                  ]
                  #original: array:50 [
                    "id" => 1652
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks"
                    "field_pages_status" => null
                    "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1222}
                    "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1223}
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1225}
                    "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1227}
                    "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1232}
                    "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1233}
                    "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1235}
                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1237}
                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1239}
                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1240}
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1241}
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1243}
                    "field_publication_number" => "2"
                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1245}
                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1247}
                    "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
                    "field_cover_description" => null
                    "field_publication_year" => "2024"
                    "field_publication_year_until" => null
                    "field_part" => "1, 2"
                    "field_part_writing" => "Часть"
                    "field_second_foreign_language" => null
                    "field_for_whom" => "Учебное издание"
                    "field_allowed" => null
                    "field_reserve_field" => null
                    "field_link_to_source" => null
                    "field_tasks_count" => "919"
                    "field_priority" => null
                    "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/belaga-u/"
                    "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-121759-9"
                    "field_cover" => array:2 [
                      0 => "/media/fizika_09/belaga-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1761256721"
                      1 => "/media/fizika_09/belaga-u/covers/cover2.webp?ts=1761256721"
                    ]
                    "field_cover_alts" => array:2 [
                      0 => ""
                      1 => ""
                    ]
                    "field_covers" => array:2 [
                      0 => array:4 [
                        "path" => "/media/fizika_09/belaga-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1761256721"
                        "alt" => ""
                        "width" => "2322"
                        "height" => "3039"
                      ]
                      1 => array:4 [
                        "path" => "/media/fizika_09/belaga-u/covers/cover2.webp?ts=1761256721"
                        "alt" => ""
                        "width" => "2308"
                        "height" => "3035"
                      ]
                    ]
                    "field_popular_book" => "0"
                    "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1248}
                    "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1249}
                    "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1250}
                    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/belaga-uchebnik"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1251}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
                      "class" => 380
                      "subject" => 556
                      "class_subject" => 493
                    ]
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1253
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 1505744
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => null
            "field_branch_order" => "1"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1221}
            "field_page_start" => "6"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1255}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1253}
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        1 => App\Models\Branch {#1254
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 1505888
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Механические колебания и волны"
            "field_branch_order" => "6"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1259
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1256
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:7 [
                    "id" => 29
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Глава"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
                      "field_accusative_case" => "Главу"
                      "field_creative_case" => "Главой"
                      "field_dative_case" => "Главе"
                      "field_genitive_case" => "Главы"
                      "field_nominative_case" => "Глава"
                      "field_prepositional_case" => "Главе"
                    ]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => null
                    "field_short_name" => null
                  ]
                  #original: array:7 [
                    "id" => 29
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Глава"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
                      "field_accusative_case" => "Главу"
                      "field_creative_case" => "Главой"
                      "field_dative_case" => "Главе"
                      "field_genitive_case" => "Главы"
                      "field_nominative_case" => "Глава"
                      "field_prepositional_case" => "Главе"
                    ]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => null
                    "field_short_name" => null
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "206"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1258
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1220}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1257
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1034}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 1505888
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Механические колебания и волны"
            "field_branch_order" => "6"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1259}
            "field_page_start" => "206"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1258}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1257}
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        2 => App\Models\Branch {#1260
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 1505898
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Гармонические колебания"
            "field_branch_order" => "53"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1264
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1261
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:7 [
                    "id" => 32
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Параграф"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => null
                    "field_short_name" => "§"
                  ]
                  #original: array:7 [
                    "id" => 32
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Параграф"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => null
                    "field_short_name" => "§"
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "217"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1263
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1220}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1309
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1262
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "branches"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1505888
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_display_title" => "Механические колебания и волны"
                    "field_branch_order" => "6"
                    "field_url" => null
                    "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1266 …2}
                    "field_page_start" => "206"
                    "field_branch_display" => "0"
                    "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
                    "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
                    "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
                    "field_navigation_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_branch_cover" => []
                    "field_branch_covers" => []
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1267 …2}
                    "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1301 …2}
                  ]
                  #original: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1505888
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_display_title" => "Механические колебания и волны"
                    "field_branch_order" => "6"
                    "field_url" => null
                    "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1266 …2}
                    "field_page_start" => "206"
                    "field_branch_display" => "0"
                    "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
                    "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
                    "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
                    "field_navigation_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_branch_cover" => []
                    "field_branch_covers" => []
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1267 …2}
                    "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1301 …2}
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 1505898
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Гармонические колебания"
            "field_branch_order" => "53"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1264}
            "field_page_start" => "217"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1263}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1309}
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        3 => App\Models\Branch {#1307
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 1505900
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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            "text" => "<p><strong>1.</strong> Какие колебания называются гармоническими?</p><p>Гармоническими колебаниями называют периодические колебания, при которых физическая величина (например, смещение, скорость, сила тока, напряжение) изменяется со временем по закону синуса или косинуса. Это простейший и наиболее важный тип колебательных процессов.</p><p>Математически гармонические колебания описываются уравнением вида:</p><p>$x(t) = A \cos(\omega t + \varphi_0)$</p><p>или эквивалентной ему формой:</p><p>$x(t) = A \sin(\omega t + \varphi_0')$</p><p>В этих уравнениях:</p><p>$x(t)$ — смещение колеблющейся величины от положения равновесия в момент времени $\text{t}$;</p><p>$\text{A}$ — амплитуда колебаний, то есть максимальное отклонение от положения равновесия ($A>0$);</p><p>$\omega$ — циклическая (круговая) частота, которая показывает, на сколько радиан изменяется фаза колебаний за одну секунду. Она связана с периодом $\text{T}$ и частотой $\nu$ соотношениями $\omega = \frac{2\pi}{T} = 2\pi\nu$;</p><p>$(\omega t + \varphi_0)$ — полная фаза колебаний, которая определяет состояние системы (значение и направление изменения величины) в любой момент времени;</p><p>$\varphi_0$ — начальная фаза колебаний, то есть фаза в начальный момент времени ($t=0$).</p><p>С физической точки зрения, гармонические колебания возникают в системе под действием возвращающей силы, которая прямо пропорциональна смещению тела от положения равновесия и направлена в сторону, противоположную смещению (например, сила упругости, подчиняющаяся закону Гука $F = -kx$). Дифференциальное уравнение, описывающее такие свободные незатухающие колебания, имеет вид:</p><p>$\frac{d^2x}{dt^2} + \omega_0^2 x = 0$</p><p>где $\omega_0$ — собственная циклическая частота колебательной системы.</p><p>Графиком гармонического колебания является синусоида (или косинусоида).</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Гармонические колебания — это колебания, происходящие по закону синуса или косинуса. Они вызываются силой, пропорциональной смещению от положения равновесия и направленной к нему. Уравнение гармонических колебаний имеет вид $x(t) = A \cos(\omega t + \varphi_0)$.</p>"
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            "text" => "<p><strong>1.</strong> Какие колебания называются гармоническими?</p><p>Гармоническими колебаниями называют периодические колебания, при которых физическая величина (например, смещение, скорость, сила тока, напряжение) изменяется со временем по закону синуса или косинуса. Это простейший и наиболее важный тип колебательных процессов.</p><p>Математически гармонические колебания описываются уравнением вида:</p><p>$x(t) = A \cos(\omega t + \varphi_0)$</p><p>или эквивалентной ему формой:</p><p>$x(t) = A \sin(\omega t + \varphi_0')$</p><p>В этих уравнениях:</p><p>$x(t)$ — смещение колеблющейся величины от положения равновесия в момент времени $\text{t}$;</p><p>$\text{A}$ — амплитуда колебаний, то есть максимальное отклонение от положения равновесия ($A>0$);</p><p>$\omega$ — циклическая (круговая) частота, которая показывает, на сколько радиан изменяется фаза колебаний за одну секунду. Она связана с периодом $\text{T}$ и частотой $\nu$ соотношениями $\omega = \frac{2\pi}{T} = 2\pi\nu$;</p><p>$(\omega t + \varphi_0)$ — полная фаза колебаний, которая определяет состояние системы (значение и направление изменения величины) в любой момент времени;</p><p>$\varphi_0$ — начальная фаза колебаний, то есть фаза в начальный момент времени ($t=0$).</p><p>С физической точки зрения, гармонические колебания возникают в системе под действием возвращающей силы, которая прямо пропорциональна смещению тела от положения равновесия и направлена в сторону, противоположную смещению (например, сила упругости, подчиняющаяся закону Гука $F = -kx$). Дифференциальное уравнение, описывающее такие свободные незатухающие колебания, имеет вид:</p><p>$\frac{d^2x}{dt^2} + \omega_0^2 x = 0$</p><p>где $\omega_0$ — собственная циклическая частота колебательной системы.</p><p>Графиком гармонического колебания является синусоида (или косинусоида).</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Гармонические колебания — это колебания, происходящие по закону синуса или косинуса. Они вызываются силой, пропорциональной смещению от положения равновесия и направленной к нему. Уравнение гармонических колебаний имеет вид $x(t) = A \cos(\omega t + \varphi_0)$.</p>"
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№1 (с. 219)
Условие. №1 (с. 219)
скриншот условия
Физика, 9 класс Учебник, авторы: Белага Виктория Владимировна, Воронцова Наталия Игоревна, Ломаченков Иван Алексеевич, Панебратцев Юрий Анатольевич, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2024, голубого цвета, Часть 1, страница 219, номер 1, Условие

1. Какие колебания называются гармоническими?

Решение. №1 (с. 219)

1. Какие колебания называются гармоническими?

Гармоническими колебаниями называют периодические колебания, при которых физическая величина (например, смещение, скорость, сила тока, напряжение) изменяется со временем по закону синуса или косинуса. Это простейший и наиболее важный тип колебательных процессов.

Математически гармонические колебания описываются уравнением вида:

$x(t) = A \cos(\omega t + \varphi_0)$

или эквивалентной ему формой:

$x(t) = A \sin(\omega t + \varphi_0')$

В этих уравнениях:

$x(t)$ — смещение колеблющейся величины от положения равновесия в момент времени $\text{t}$;

$\text{A}$ — амплитуда колебаний, то есть максимальное отклонение от положения равновесия ($A>0$);

$\omega$ — циклическая (круговая) частота, которая показывает, на сколько радиан изменяется фаза колебаний за одну секунду. Она связана с периодом $\text{T}$ и частотой $\nu$ соотношениями $\omega = \frac{2\pi}{T} = 2\pi\nu$;

$(\omega t + \varphi_0)$ — полная фаза колебаний, которая определяет состояние системы (значение и направление изменения величины) в любой момент времени;

$\varphi_0$ — начальная фаза колебаний, то есть фаза в начальный момент времени ($t=0$).

С физической точки зрения, гармонические колебания возникают в системе под действием возвращающей силы, которая прямо пропорциональна смещению тела от положения равновесия и направлена в сторону, противоположную смещению (например, сила упругости, подчиняющаяся закону Гука $F = -kx$). Дифференциальное уравнение, описывающее такие свободные незатухающие колебания, имеет вид:

$\frac{d^2x}{dt^2} + \omega_0^2 x = 0$

где $\omega_0$ — собственная циклическая частота колебательной системы.

Графиком гармонического колебания является синусоида (или косинусоида).

Ответ: Гармонические колебания — это колебания, происходящие по закону синуса или косинуса. Они вызываются силой, пропорциональной смещению от положения равновесия и направленной к нему. Уравнение гармонических колебаний имеет вид $x(t) = A \cos(\omega t + \varphi_0)$.

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