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Номер 18, страница 34, часть 2 - гдз по физике 9 класс учебник Генденштейн, Булатова
Авторы: Генденштейн Л. Э., Булатова А. А., Корнильев И. Н., Кошкина А. В.
Тип: Учебник
Издательство: Бином
Год издания: 2016 - 2026
Часть: 2
Цвет обложки: бирюзовый
ISBN: 978-5-9963-3062-1
Популярные ГДЗ в 9 классе
Часть 2. Квантовая физика. Глава VI. Атомное ядро и ядерная энергетика. Параграф 26. Ядерные реакции. Ядерная энергетика - номер 18, страница 34.
App\Models\Task {#1024 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1434043 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "34" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/gendenshtejn-uchebnik/26-18" "field_display_title" => "18" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#331 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1029 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1026 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#342 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1023 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1433262 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => null "field_branch_order" => "2" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#333 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1033 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 31 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Часть" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => "1" "field_short_name" => "ч." ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 31 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Часть" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => "1" "field_short_name" => "ч." ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "4" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1030 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1032 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 2980 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1034 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1035 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6493 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Физика" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "fizika" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6493 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Физика" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "fizika" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1036 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1037 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5458 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "9" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "devjatyj" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5458 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "9" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "devjatyj" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1038 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1039 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5208 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Бином" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "binom" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5208 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Бином" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "binom" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1040 #items: array:4 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1041 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 4104 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Генденштейн" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Лев" "field_patronymic" => "Элевич" "field_surname_rp" => "Генденштейна" ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 4104 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Генденштейн" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Лев" "field_patronymic" => "Элевич" "field_surname_rp" => "Генденштейна" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Term {#1042 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 3936 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Булатова" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Альбина" "field_patronymic" => "Александрова" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 3936 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Булатова" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Альбина" "field_patronymic" => "Александрова" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 2 => App\Models\Term {#1043 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 4679 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Корнильев" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Игорь" "field_patronymic" => "Николаевич" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 4679 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Корнильев" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Игорь" "field_patronymic" => "Николаевич" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 3 => App\Models\Term {#1044 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 4758 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Кошкина" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Анжелика" "field_patronymic" => "Васильевна" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 4758 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Кошкина" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Анжелика" "field_patronymic" => "Васильевна" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1045 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1046 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1047 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6671 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Учебник" "field_book_type_foreign" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_plural_form" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "uchebnik" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6671 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Учебник" "field_book_type_foreign" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_plural_form" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "uchebnik" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1048 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1049 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1051 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1053 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1054 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1058 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 5395 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Орлов" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Владимир" "field_patronymic" => "Алексеевич" "field_surname_rp" => "Орлова" ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 5395 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Орлов" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Владимир" "field_patronymic" => "Алексеевич" "field_surname_rp" => "Орлова" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2016" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "1, 2" "field_part_writing" => "Часть" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное издание" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "1111" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/gendenshtejn-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-9963-3062-1" "field_cover" => array:2 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_09/gendenshtejn-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759256052" 1 => "/media/fizika_09/gendenshtejn-u/covers/cover2.webp?ts=1759256052" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:2 [ 0 => "" 1 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:2 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/fizika_09/gendenshtejn-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759256052" "alt" => "" "width" => "1863" "height" => "2813" ] 1 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/fizika_09/gendenshtejn-u/covers/cover2.webp?ts=1759256052" "alt" => "" "width" => "1863" "height" => "2809" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/gendenshtejn-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1063 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 6978 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "бирюзовый" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "biruzovyy" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 6978 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "бирюзовый" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "biruzovyy" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 380 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 493 ] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 2980 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1034} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1036} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1038} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1040} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1045} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1046} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1048} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1053} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1054} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2016" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "1, 2" "field_part_writing" => "Часть" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное издание" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "1111" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/gendenshtejn-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-9963-3062-1" "field_cover" => array:2 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_09/gendenshtejn-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759256052" 1 => "/media/fizika_09/gendenshtejn-u/covers/cover2.webp?ts=1759256052" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:2 [ 0 => "" 1 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:2 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/fizika_09/gendenshtejn-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759256052" "alt" => "" "width" => "1863" "height" => "2813" ] 1 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/fizika_09/gendenshtejn-u/covers/cover2.webp?ts=1759256052" "alt" => "" "width" => "1863" "height" => "2809" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061} "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/gendenshtejn-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 380 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 493 ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1433262 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => null "field_branch_order" => "2" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#333} "field_page_start" => "4" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1030} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065 #items: array:4 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1023} 1 => App\Models\Branch {#1066 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1433263 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Квантовая физика" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "4" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1032} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1069 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1070 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1433262 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => null "field_branch_order" => "2" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071 …2} "field_page_start" => "4" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073 …2} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1105 …2} ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1433262 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => null "field_branch_order" => "2" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071 …2} "field_page_start" => "4" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073 …2} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1105 …2} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1433263 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Квантовая физика" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067} "field_page_start" => "4" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1069} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 2 => App\Models\Branch {#1106 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1433267 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Атомное ядро и ядерная энергетика" "field_branch_order" => "VI" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1107 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1108 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "15" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1032} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1110 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1111 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1433263 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Квантовая физика" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1112 …2} "field_page_start" => "4" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113 …2} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145 …2} ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1433263 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Квантовая физика" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1112 …2} "field_page_start" => "4" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113 …2} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145 …2} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1433267 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Атомное ядро и ядерная энергетика" "field_branch_order" => "VI" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1107} "field_page_start" => "15" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1110} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 3 => App\Models\Branch {#1182 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1433269 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Ядерные реакции. Ядерная энергетика" "field_branch_order" => "26" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1183 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1184 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 32 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Параграф" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => "§" ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 32 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Параграф" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => "§" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "25" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1185 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1032} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1186 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1187 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1433267 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Атомное ядро и ядерная энергетика" "field_branch_order" => "VI" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1188 …2} "field_page_start" => "15" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1190 …2} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1222 …2} ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1433267 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Атомное ядро и ядерная энергетика" "field_branch_order" => "VI" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1188 …2} "field_page_start" => "15" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1190 …2} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1222 …2} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1433269 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Ядерные реакции. Ядерная энергетика" "field_branch_order" => "26" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1183} "field_page_start" => "25" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1185} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1186} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1294 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1295 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 1696736 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1296 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1297 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 6168 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1298 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "stas" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1300 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1301 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1302 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 6168 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1298 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "stas" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1300 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1301 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1302 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1434043" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>18.</strong> Найдите дефект массы ядер следующих изотопов:</p><p><strong>а)</strong> азота $\text{}_{7}^{15}\text{N}$ (масса ядра 14,99626 а.е.м.);</p><p><strong>б)</strong> лития $\text{}_{3}^{7}\text{Li}$ (масса ядра 7,01436 а.е.м.);</p><p><strong>в)</strong> гелия $\text{}_{2}^{4}\text{He}$ (масса ядра 4,00150 а.е.м.);</p><p><strong>г)</strong> алюминия $\text{}_{13}^{27}\text{Al}$ (масса ядра 26,97431 а.е.м.).</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "18-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1315" "height" => 477 "path" => "/media/fizika_09/gendenshtejn-u/0-26/18-1.webp?ts=1759348361" ] ] ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 1696736 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1296} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1434043" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>18.</strong> Найдите дефект массы ядер следующих изотопов:</p><p><strong>а)</strong> азота $\text{}_{7}^{15}\text{N}$ (масса ядра 14,99626 а.е.м.);</p><p><strong>б)</strong> лития $\text{}_{3}^{7}\text{Li}$ (масса ядра 7,01436 а.е.м.);</p><p><strong>в)</strong> гелия $\text{}_{2}^{4}\text{He}$ (масса ядра 4,00150 а.е.м.);</p><p><strong>г)</strong> алюминия $\text{}_{13}^{27}\text{Al}$ (масса ядра 26,97431 а.е.м.).</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "18-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1315" "height" => 477 "path" => "/media/fizika_09/gendenshtejn-u/0-26/18-1.webp?ts=1759348361" ] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Element {#1303 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1780806 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1304 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1305 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 6515 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1306 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1308 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1309 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1310 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 6515 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1306 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1308 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1309 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1310 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1434043" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p>Дефект массы ядра ($\\Delta m$) — это разность между суммой масс нуклонов (протонов и нейтронов), из которых состоит ядро, и массой самого ядра ($m_я$).</p><p>Формула для расчета дефекта массы:</p><p>$\\Delta m = (Z \\cdot m_p + N \\cdot m_n) - m_я$</p><p>где $\text{Z}$ — число протонов, $\text{N}$ — число нейтронов, $m_p$ — масса протона, $m_n$ — масса нейтрона.</p><p>Для расчетов используются справочные значения масс:</p><ul><li>Масса протона: $m_p \\approx 1,00728$ а.е.м.</li><li>Масса нейтрона: $m_n \\approx 1,00866$ а.е.м.</li><li>Атомная единица массы: 1 а.е.м. $\approx 1,66054 \\cdot 10^{-27}$ кг</li></ul><p>Расчеты удобнее производить в атомных единицах массы (а.е.м.), так как исходные данные приведены в этих единицах.</p><p><strong>а) азота $^{15}_{7}$N (масса ядра 14,99626 а.е.м.)</strong></p><p><strong>Дано:</strong></p><p>Масса ядра $^{15}_{7}$N: $m_я = 14,99626$ а.е.м.</p><p><strong>Перевод в СИ:</strong></p><p>$m_я = 14,99626 \\cdot 1,66054 \\cdot 10^{-27} \\text{ кг} \\approx 2,49021 \\cdot 10^{-26}$ кг.</p><p><strong>Найти:</strong></p><p>Дефект массы $\\Delta m$.</p><p><strong>Решение:</strong></p><p><strong>1.</strong> Определим состав ядра $^{15}_{7}$N.</p><p>Число протонов $Z = 7$.</p><p>Число нейтронов $N = A - Z = 15 - 7 = 8$.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Найдем суммарную массу нуклонов в ядре.</p><p>$Z \\cdot m_p + N \\cdot m_n = 7 \\cdot 1,00728 + 8 \\cdot 1,00866 = 7,05096 + 8,06928 = 15,12024$ а.е.м.</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Вычислим дефект массы.</p><p>$\\Delta m = (Z \\cdot m_p + N \\cdot m_n) - m_я = 15,12024 - 14,99626 = 0,12398$ а.е.м.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> 0,12398 а.е.м.</p><p><strong>б) лития $^{7}_{3}$Li (масса ядра 7,01436 а.е.м.)</strong></p><p><strong>Дано:</strong></p><p>Масса ядра $^{7}_{3}$Li: $m_я = 7,01436$ а.е.м.</p><p><strong>Перевод в СИ:</strong></p><p>$m_я = 7,01436 \\cdot 1,66054 \\cdot 10^{-27} \\text{ кг} \\approx 1,16478 \\cdot 10^{-26}$ кг.</p><p><strong>Найти:</strong></p><p>Дефект массы $\\Delta m$.</p><p><strong>Решение:</strong></p><p><strong>1.</strong> Определим состав ядра $^{7}_{3}$Li.</p><p>Число протонов $Z = 3$.</p><p>Число нейтронов $N = A - Z = 7 - 3 = 4$.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Найдем суммарную массу нуклонов в ядре.</p><p>$Z \\cdot m_p + N \\cdot m_n = 3 \\cdot 1,00728 + 4 \\cdot 1,00866 = 3,02184 + 4,03464 = 7,05648$ а.е.м.</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Вычислим дефект массы.</p><p>$\\Delta m = (Z \\cdot m_p + N \\cdot m_n) - m_я = 7,05648 - 7,01436 = 0,04212$ а.е.м.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> 0,04212 а.е.м.</p><p><strong>в) гелия $^{4}_{2}$He (масса ядра 4,00150 а.е.м.)</strong></p><p><strong>Дано:</strong></p><p>Масса ядра $^{4}_{2}$He: $m_я = 4,00150$ а.е.м.</p><p><strong>Перевод в СИ:</strong></p><p>$m_я = 4,00150 \\cdot 1,66054 \\cdot 10^{-27} \\text{ кг} \\approx 6,64466 \\cdot 10^{-27}$ кг.</p><p><strong>Найти:</strong></p><p>Дефект массы $\\Delta m$.</p><p><strong>Решение:</strong></p><p><strong>1.</strong> Определим состав ядра $^{4}_{2}$He.</p><p>Число протонов $Z = 2$.</p><p>Число нейтронов $N = A - Z = 4 - 2 = 2$.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Найдем суммарную массу нуклонов в ядре.</p><p>$Z \\cdot m_p + N \\cdot m_n = 2 \\cdot 1,00728 + 2 \\cdot 1,00866 = 2,01456 + 2,01732 = 4,03188$ а.е.м.</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Вычислим дефект массы.</p><p>$\\Delta m = (Z \\cdot m_p + N \\cdot m_n) - m_я = 4,03188 - 4,00150 = 0,03038$ а.е.м.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> 0,03038 а.е.м.</p><p><strong>г) алюминия $^{27}_{13}$Al (масса ядра 26,97431 а.е.м.)</strong></p><p><strong>Дано:</strong></p><p>Масса ядра $^{27}_{13}$Al: $m_я = 26,97431$ а.е.м.</p><p><strong>Перевод в СИ:</strong></p><p>$m_я = 26,97431 \\cdot 1,66054 \\cdot 10^{-27} \\text{ кг} \\approx 4,47920 \\cdot 10^{-26}$ кг.</p><p><strong>Найти:</strong></p><p>Дефект массы $\\Delta m$.</p><p><strong>Решение:</strong></p><p><strong>1.</strong> Определим состав ядра $^{27}_{13}$Al.</p><p>Число протонов $Z = 13$.</p><p>Число нейтронов $N = A - Z = 27 - 13 = 14$.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Найдем суммарную массу нуклонов в ядре.</p><p>$Z \\cdot m_p + N \\cdot m_n = 13 \\cdot 1,00728 + 14 \\cdot 1,00866 = 13,09464 + 14,12124 = 27,21588$ а.е.м.</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Вычислим дефект массы.</p><p>$\\Delta m = (Z \\cdot m_p + N \\cdot m_n) - m_я = 27,21588 - 26,97431 = 0,24157$ а.е.м.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> 0,24157 а.е.м.</p>" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1780806 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1304} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1434043" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p>Дефект массы ядра ($\\Delta m$) — это разность между суммой масс нуклонов (протонов и нейтронов), из которых состоит ядро, и массой самого ядра ($m_я$).</p><p>Формула для расчета дефекта массы:</p><p>$\\Delta m = (Z \\cdot m_p + N \\cdot m_n) - m_я$</p><p>где $\text{Z}$ — число протонов, $\text{N}$ — число нейтронов, $m_p$ — масса протона, $m_n$ — масса нейтрона.</p><p>Для расчетов используются справочные значения масс:</p><ul><li>Масса протона: $m_p \\approx 1,00728$ а.е.м.</li><li>Масса нейтрона: $m_n \\approx 1,00866$ а.е.м.</li><li>Атомная единица массы: 1 а.е.м. $\approx 1,66054 \\cdot 10^{-27}$ кг</li></ul><p>Расчеты удобнее производить в атомных единицах массы (а.е.м.), так как исходные данные приведены в этих единицах.</p><p><strong>а) азота $^{15}_{7}$N (масса ядра 14,99626 а.е.м.)</strong></p><p><strong>Дано:</strong></p><p>Масса ядра $^{15}_{7}$N: $m_я = 14,99626$ а.е.м.</p><p><strong>Перевод в СИ:</strong></p><p>$m_я = 14,99626 \\cdot 1,66054 \\cdot 10^{-27} \\text{ кг} \\approx 2,49021 \\cdot 10^{-26}$ кг.</p><p><strong>Найти:</strong></p><p>Дефект массы $\\Delta m$.</p><p><strong>Решение:</strong></p><p><strong>1.</strong> Определим состав ядра $^{15}_{7}$N.</p><p>Число протонов $Z = 7$.</p><p>Число нейтронов $N = A - Z = 15 - 7 = 8$.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Найдем суммарную массу нуклонов в ядре.</p><p>$Z \\cdot m_p + N \\cdot m_n = 7 \\cdot 1,00728 + 8 \\cdot 1,00866 = 7,05096 + 8,06928 = 15,12024$ а.е.м.</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Вычислим дефект массы.</p><p>$\\Delta m = (Z \\cdot m_p + N \\cdot m_n) - m_я = 15,12024 - 14,99626 = 0,12398$ а.е.м.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> 0,12398 а.е.м.</p><p><strong>б) лития $^{7}_{3}$Li (масса ядра 7,01436 а.е.м.)</strong></p><p><strong>Дано:</strong></p><p>Масса ядра $^{7}_{3}$Li: $m_я = 7,01436$ а.е.м.</p><p><strong>Перевод в СИ:</strong></p><p>$m_я = 7,01436 \\cdot 1,66054 \\cdot 10^{-27} \\text{ кг} \\approx 1,16478 \\cdot 10^{-26}$ кг.</p><p><strong>Найти:</strong></p><p>Дефект массы $\\Delta m$.</p><p><strong>Решение:</strong></p><p><strong>1.</strong> Определим состав ядра $^{7}_{3}$Li.</p><p>Число протонов $Z = 3$.</p><p>Число нейтронов $N = A - Z = 7 - 3 = 4$.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Найдем суммарную массу нуклонов в ядре.</p><p>$Z \\cdot m_p + N \\cdot m_n = 3 \\cdot 1,00728 + 4 \\cdot 1,00866 = 3,02184 + 4,03464 = 7,05648$ а.е.м.</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Вычислим дефект массы.</p><p>$\\Delta m = (Z \\cdot m_p + N \\cdot m_n) - m_я = 7,05648 - 7,01436 = 0,04212$ а.е.м.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> 0,04212 а.е.м.</p><p><strong>в) гелия $^{4}_{2}$He (масса ядра 4,00150 а.е.м.)</strong></p><p><strong>Дано:</strong></p><p>Масса ядра $^{4}_{2}$He: $m_я = 4,00150$ а.е.м.</p><p><strong>Перевод в СИ:</strong></p><p>$m_я = 4,00150 \\cdot 1,66054 \\cdot 10^{-27} \\text{ кг} \\approx 6,64466 \\cdot 10^{-27}$ кг.</p><p><strong>Найти:</strong></p><p>Дефект массы $\\Delta m$.</p><p><strong>Решение:</strong></p><p><strong>1.</strong> Определим состав ядра $^{4}_{2}$He.</p><p>Число протонов $Z = 2$.</p><p>Число нейтронов $N = A - Z = 4 - 2 = 2$.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Найдем суммарную массу нуклонов в ядре.</p><p>$Z \\cdot m_p + N \\cdot m_n = 2 \\cdot 1,00728 + 2 \\cdot 1,00866 = 2,01456 + 2,01732 = 4,03188$ а.е.м.</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Вычислим дефект массы.</p><p>$\\Delta m = (Z \\cdot m_p + N \\cdot m_n) - m_я = 4,03188 - 4,00150 = 0,03038$ а.е.м.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> 0,03038 а.е.м.</p><p><strong>г) алюминия $^{27}_{13}$Al (масса ядра 26,97431 а.е.м.)</strong></p><p><strong>Дано:</strong></p><p>Масса ядра $^{27}_{13}$Al: $m_я = 26,97431$ а.е.м.</p><p><strong>Перевод в СИ:</strong></p><p>$m_я = 26,97431 \\cdot 1,66054 \\cdot 10^{-27} \\text{ кг} \\approx 4,47920 \\cdot 10^{-26}$ кг.</p><p><strong>Найти:</strong></p><p>Дефект массы $\\Delta m$.</p><p><strong>Решение:</strong></p><p><strong>1.</strong> Определим состав ядра $^{27}_{13}$Al.</p><p>Число протонов $Z = 13$.</p><p>Число нейтронов $N = A - Z = 27 - 13 = 14$.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Найдем суммарную массу нуклонов в ядре.</p><p>$Z \\cdot m_p + N \\cdot m_n = 13 \\cdot 1,00728 + 14 \\cdot 1,00866 = 13,09464 + 14,12124 = 27,21588$ а.е.м.</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Вычислим дефект массы.</p><p>$\\Delta m = (Z \\cdot m_p + N \\cdot m_n) - m_я = 27,21588 - 26,97431 = 0,24157$ а.е.м.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> 0,24157 а.е.м.</p>" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1434044" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1434042" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1311 #items: array:1 [ 0 => 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[] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] }
№18 (с. 34)
Условие. №18 (с. 34)
скриншот условия
18. Найдите дефект массы ядер следующих изотопов:
а) азота $\text{}_{7}^{15}\text{N}$ (масса ядра 14,99626 а.е.м.);
б) лития $\text{}_{3}^{7}\text{Li}$ (масса ядра 7,01436 а.е.м.);
в) гелия $\text{}_{2}^{4}\text{He}$ (масса ядра 4,00150 а.е.м.);
г) алюминия $\text{}_{13}^{27}\text{Al}$ (масса ядра 26,97431 а.е.м.).
Решение. №18 (с. 34)
Дефект массы ядра ($\\Delta m$) — это разность между суммой масс нуклонов (протонов и нейтронов), из которых состоит ядро, и массой самого ядра ($m_я$).
Формула для расчета дефекта массы:
$\\Delta m = (Z \\cdot m_p + N \\cdot m_n) - m_я$
где $\text{Z}$ — число протонов, $\text{N}$ — число нейтронов, $m_p$ — масса протона, $m_n$ — масса нейтрона.
Для расчетов используются справочные значения масс:
- Масса протона: $m_p \\approx 1,00728$ а.е.м.
- Масса нейтрона: $m_n \\approx 1,00866$ а.е.м.
- Атомная единица массы: 1 а.е.м. $\approx 1,66054 \\cdot 10^{-27}$ кг
Расчеты удобнее производить в атомных единицах массы (а.е.м.), так как исходные данные приведены в этих единицах.
а) азота $^{15}_{7}$N (масса ядра 14,99626 а.е.м.)
Дано:
Масса ядра $^{15}_{7}$N: $m_я = 14,99626$ а.е.м.
Перевод в СИ:
$m_я = 14,99626 \\cdot 1,66054 \\cdot 10^{-27} \\text{ кг} \\approx 2,49021 \\cdot 10^{-26}$ кг.
Найти:
Дефект массы $\\Delta m$.
Решение:
1. Определим состав ядра $^{15}_{7}$N.
Число протонов $Z = 7$.
Число нейтронов $N = A - Z = 15 - 7 = 8$.
2. Найдем суммарную массу нуклонов в ядре.
$Z \\cdot m_p + N \\cdot m_n = 7 \\cdot 1,00728 + 8 \\cdot 1,00866 = 7,05096 + 8,06928 = 15,12024$ а.е.м.
3. Вычислим дефект массы.
$\\Delta m = (Z \\cdot m_p + N \\cdot m_n) - m_я = 15,12024 - 14,99626 = 0,12398$ а.е.м.
Ответ: 0,12398 а.е.м.
б) лития $^{7}_{3}$Li (масса ядра 7,01436 а.е.м.)
Дано:
Масса ядра $^{7}_{3}$Li: $m_я = 7,01436$ а.е.м.
Перевод в СИ:
$m_я = 7,01436 \\cdot 1,66054 \\cdot 10^{-27} \\text{ кг} \\approx 1,16478 \\cdot 10^{-26}$ кг.
Найти:
Дефект массы $\\Delta m$.
Решение:
1. Определим состав ядра $^{7}_{3}$Li.
Число протонов $Z = 3$.
Число нейтронов $N = A - Z = 7 - 3 = 4$.
2. Найдем суммарную массу нуклонов в ядре.
$Z \\cdot m_p + N \\cdot m_n = 3 \\cdot 1,00728 + 4 \\cdot 1,00866 = 3,02184 + 4,03464 = 7,05648$ а.е.м.
3. Вычислим дефект массы.
$\\Delta m = (Z \\cdot m_p + N \\cdot m_n) - m_я = 7,05648 - 7,01436 = 0,04212$ а.е.м.
Ответ: 0,04212 а.е.м.
в) гелия $^{4}_{2}$He (масса ядра 4,00150 а.е.м.)
Дано:
Масса ядра $^{4}_{2}$He: $m_я = 4,00150$ а.е.м.
Перевод в СИ:
$m_я = 4,00150 \\cdot 1,66054 \\cdot 10^{-27} \\text{ кг} \\approx 6,64466 \\cdot 10^{-27}$ кг.
Найти:
Дефект массы $\\Delta m$.
Решение:
1. Определим состав ядра $^{4}_{2}$He.
Число протонов $Z = 2$.
Число нейтронов $N = A - Z = 4 - 2 = 2$.
2. Найдем суммарную массу нуклонов в ядре.
$Z \\cdot m_p + N \\cdot m_n = 2 \\cdot 1,00728 + 2 \\cdot 1,00866 = 2,01456 + 2,01732 = 4,03188$ а.е.м.
3. Вычислим дефект массы.
$\\Delta m = (Z \\cdot m_p + N \\cdot m_n) - m_я = 4,03188 - 4,00150 = 0,03038$ а.е.м.
Ответ: 0,03038 а.е.м.
г) алюминия $^{27}_{13}$Al (масса ядра 26,97431 а.е.м.)
Дано:
Масса ядра $^{27}_{13}$Al: $m_я = 26,97431$ а.е.м.
Перевод в СИ:
$m_я = 26,97431 \\cdot 1,66054 \\cdot 10^{-27} \\text{ кг} \\approx 4,47920 \\cdot 10^{-26}$ кг.
Найти:
Дефект массы $\\Delta m$.
Решение:
1. Определим состав ядра $^{27}_{13}$Al.
Число протонов $Z = 13$.
Число нейтронов $N = A - Z = 27 - 13 = 14$.
2. Найдем суммарную массу нуклонов в ядре.
$Z \\cdot m_p + N \\cdot m_n = 13 \\cdot 1,00728 + 14 \\cdot 1,00866 = 13,09464 + 14,12124 = 27,21588$ а.е.м.
3. Вычислим дефект массы.
$\\Delta m = (Z \\cdot m_p + N \\cdot m_n) - m_я = 27,21588 - 26,97431 = 0,24157$ а.е.м.
Ответ: 0,24157 а.е.м.
Другие задания:
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