Номер 2, страница 208, часть 1 - гдз по физике 9 класс учебник Генденштейн, Булатова

Авторы: Генденштейн Л. Э., Булатова А. А., Корнильев И. Н., Кошкина А. В.

Тип: Учебник

Издательство: Бином

Год издания: 2016 - 2026

Часть: 1

Цвет обложки: бирюзовый

ISBN: 978-5-9963-3062-1

Часть 1. Олимпиадные задачи. Глава II. Динамика. Параграф 7. Второй закон Ньютона - номер 2, страница 208.

App\Models\Task {#1030 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php
  #connection: "mysql"
  #table: "tasks"
  #primaryKey: "id"
  #keyType: "int"
  +incrementing: true
  #with: []
  #withCount: []
  +preventsLazyLoading: false
  #perPage: 15
  +exists: true
  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
  #attributes: array:24 [
    "id" => 1433941
    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
    "updated_at" => null
    "field_page_start" => "208"
    "field_page_end" => null
    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/gendenshtejn-uchebnik/olimp07-2"
    "field_display_title" => "2"
    "field_outside_task" => null
    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037
      #items: array:1 [
        0 => App\Models\Term {#1036
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "terms"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: false
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:6 [
            "id" => 26
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "name" => "номер"
            "field_cases" => array:6 [
              "field_accusative_case" => "номер"
              "field_creative_case" => "номером"
              "field_dative_case" => "номеру"
              "field_genitive_case" => "номера"
              "field_nominative_case" => "номер"
              "field_prepositional_case" => "номере"
            ]
            "field_short_name" => ""
          ]
          #original: array:6 [
            "id" => 26
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "name" => "номер"
            "field_cases" => array:6 [
              "field_accusative_case" => "номер"
              "field_creative_case" => "номером"
              "field_dative_case" => "номеру"
              "field_genitive_case" => "номера"
              "field_nominative_case" => "номер"
              "field_prepositional_case" => "номере"
            ]
            "field_short_name" => ""
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "field_metatags_title" => null
    "field_metatags_description" => null
    "field_h1" => null
    "field_description_top" => null
    "field_description_bottom" => null
    "field_match" => null
    "breadcrumbs" => []
    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1035
      #items: []
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1075
      #items: array:1 [
        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1034
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 1433206
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => null
            "field_branch_order" => "1"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1039
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1038
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:7 [
                    "id" => 31
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Часть"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => "1"
                    "field_short_name" => "ч."
                  ]
                  #original: array:7 [
                    "id" => 31
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Часть"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => "1"
                    "field_short_name" => "ч."
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "6"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1040
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1041
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "books"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:50 [
                    "id" => 2980
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks"
                    "field_pages_status" => null
                    "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1042 …2}
                    "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1044 …2}
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1046 …2}
                    "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1048 …2}
                    "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1053 …2}
                    "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1054 …2}
                    "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056 …2}
                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1058 …2}
                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060 …2}
                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061 …2}
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062 …2}
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063 …2}
                    "field_publication_number" => null
                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064 …2}
                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065 …2}
                    "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
                    "field_cover_description" => null
                    "field_publication_year" => "2016"
                    "field_publication_year_until" => null
                    "field_part" => "1, 2"
                    "field_part_writing" => "Часть"
                    "field_second_foreign_language" => null
                    "field_for_whom" => "Учебное издание"
                    "field_allowed" => null
                    "field_reserve_field" => null
                    "field_link_to_source" => null
                    "field_tasks_count" => "1111"
                    "field_priority" => null
                    "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/gendenshtejn-u/"
                    "field_isbn" => "978-5-9963-3062-1"
                    "field_cover" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "field_cover_alts" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "field_covers" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "field_popular_book" => "0"
                    "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067 …2}
                    "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068 …2}
                    "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1069 …2}
                    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/gendenshtejn-uchebnik"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070 …2}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3]
                  ]
                  #original: array:50 [
                    "id" => 2980
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks"
                    "field_pages_status" => null
                    "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1042 …2}
                    "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1044 …2}
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1046 …2}
                    "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1048 …2}
                    "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1053 …2}
                    "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1054 …2}
                    "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056 …2}
                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1058 …2}
                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060 …2}
                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061 …2}
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062 …2}
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063 …2}
                    "field_publication_number" => null
                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064 …2}
                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065 …2}
                    "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
                    "field_cover_description" => null
                    "field_publication_year" => "2016"
                    "field_publication_year_until" => null
                    "field_part" => "1, 2"
                    "field_part_writing" => "Часть"
                    "field_second_foreign_language" => null
                    "field_for_whom" => "Учебное издание"
                    "field_allowed" => null
                    "field_reserve_field" => null
                    "field_link_to_source" => null
                    "field_tasks_count" => "1111"
                    "field_priority" => null
                    "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/gendenshtejn-u/"
                    "field_isbn" => "978-5-9963-3062-1"
                    "field_cover" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "field_cover_alts" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "field_covers" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "field_popular_book" => "0"
                    "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067 …2}
                    "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068 …2}
                    "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1069 …2}
                    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/gendenshtejn-uchebnik"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070 …2}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3]
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1072
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 1433206
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => null
            "field_branch_order" => "1"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1039}
            "field_page_start" => "6"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1040}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1072}
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1112
      #items: array:4 [
        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1122
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 1433206
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => null
            "field_branch_order" => "1"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1126
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1123
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:7 [
                    "id" => 31
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Часть"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => "1"
                    "field_short_name" => "ч."
                  ]
                  #original: array:7 [
                    "id" => 31
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Часть"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => "1"
                    "field_short_name" => "ч."
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "6"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1158
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1125
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "books"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:50 [
                    "id" => 2980
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks"
                    "field_pages_status" => null
                    "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1127
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1124
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:10 [
                            "id" => 6493
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Физика"
                            "field_abbreviated_name" => null
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_short_name" => null
                            "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject"
                            "field_translit" => "fizika"
                          ]
                          #original: array:10 [
                            "id" => 6493
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Физика"
                            "field_abbreviated_name" => null
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_short_name" => null
                            "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject"
                            "field_translit" => "fizika"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1128
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1129
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 5458
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "9"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "devjatyj"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 5458
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "9"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "devjatyj"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1131
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 5208
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Бином"
                            "field_cases" => null
                            "field_translit" => "binom"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 5208
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Бином"
                            "field_cases" => null
                            "field_translit" => "binom"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132
                      #items: array:4 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1133
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:12 [
                            "id" => 4104
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Генденштейн"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Лев"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Элевич"
                            "field_surname_rp" => "Генденштейна"
                          ]
                          #original: array:12 [
                            "id" => 4104
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Генденштейн"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Лев"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Элевич"
                            "field_surname_rp" => "Генденштейна"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                        1 => App\Models\Term {#1134
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:12 [
                            "id" => 3936
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Булатова"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Альбина"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Александрова"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #original: array:12 [
                            "id" => 3936
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Булатова"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Альбина"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Александрова"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                        2 => App\Models\Term {#1135
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:12 [
                            "id" => 4679
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Корнильев"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Игорь"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Николаевич"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #original: array:12 [
                            "id" => 4679
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Корнильев"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Игорь"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Николаевич"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                        3 => App\Models\Term {#1136
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:12 [
                            "id" => 4758
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Кошкина"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Анжелика"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Васильевна"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #original: array:12 [
                            "id" => 4758
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Кошкина"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Анжелика"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Васильевна"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1138
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1139
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:10 [
                            "id" => 6671
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Учебник"
                            "field_book_type_foreign" => null
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_plural_form" => null
                            "field_short_name" => null
                            "field_short_name_foreign" => null
                            "field_translit" => "uchebnik"
                          ]
                          #original: array:10 [
                            "id" => 6671
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Учебник"
                            "field_book_type_foreign" => null
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_plural_form" => null
                            "field_short_name" => null
                            "field_short_name_foreign" => null
                            "field_translit" => "uchebnik"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1140
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1141
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 9
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Россия"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "rossiya"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 9
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Россия"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "rossiya"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1142
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1143
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 15
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Москва"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "moskva"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 15
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Москва"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "moskva"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1147
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_publication_number" => null
                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1149
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1150
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:12 [
                            "id" => 5395
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Орлов"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Владимир"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Алексеевич"
                            "field_surname_rp" => "Орлова"
                          ]
                          #original: array:12 [
                            "id" => 5395
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Орлов"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Владимир"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Алексеевич"
                            "field_surname_rp" => "Орлова"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
                    "field_cover_description" => null
                    "field_publication_year" => "2016"
                    "field_publication_year_until" => null
                    "field_part" => "1, 2"
                    "field_part_writing" => "Часть"
                    "field_second_foreign_language" => null
                    "field_for_whom" => "Учебное издание"
                    "field_allowed" => null
                    "field_reserve_field" => null
                    "field_link_to_source" => null
                    "field_tasks_count" => "1111"
                    "field_priority" => null
                    "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/gendenshtejn-u/"
                    "field_isbn" => "978-5-9963-3062-1"
                    "field_cover" => array:2 [
                      0 => "/media/fizika_09/gendenshtejn-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759256052"
                      1 => "/media/fizika_09/gendenshtejn-u/covers/cover2.webp?ts=1759256052"
                    ]
                    "field_cover_alts" => array:2 [
                      0 => ""
                      1 => ""
                    ]
                    "field_covers" => array:2 [
                      0 => array:4 [
                        "path" => "/media/fizika_09/gendenshtejn-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759256052"
                        "alt" => ""
                        "width" => "1863"
                        "height" => "2813"
                      ]
                      1 => array:4 [
                        "path" => "/media/fizika_09/gendenshtejn-u/covers/cover2.webp?ts=1759256052"
                        "alt" => ""
                        "width" => "1863"
                        "height" => "2809"
                      ]
                    ]
                    "field_popular_book" => "0"
                    "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1151
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1152
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1153
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/gendenshtejn-uchebnik"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1154
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1155
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 6978
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "бирюзовый"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "biruzovyy"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 6978
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "бирюзовый"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "biruzovyy"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
                      "class" => 380
                      "subject" => 556
                      "class_subject" => 493
                    ]
                  ]
                  #original: array:50 [
                    "id" => 2980
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks"
                    "field_pages_status" => null
                    "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1127}
                    "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1128}
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130}
                    "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132}
                    "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137}
                    "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1138}
                    "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1140}
                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1142}
                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144}
                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145}
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146}
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1147}
                    "field_publication_number" => null
                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148}
                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1149}
                    "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
                    "field_cover_description" => null
                    "field_publication_year" => "2016"
                    "field_publication_year_until" => null
                    "field_part" => "1, 2"
                    "field_part_writing" => "Часть"
                    "field_second_foreign_language" => null
                    "field_for_whom" => "Учебное издание"
                    "field_allowed" => null
                    "field_reserve_field" => null
                    "field_link_to_source" => null
                    "field_tasks_count" => "1111"
                    "field_priority" => null
                    "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/gendenshtejn-u/"
                    "field_isbn" => "978-5-9963-3062-1"
                    "field_cover" => array:2 [
                      0 => "/media/fizika_09/gendenshtejn-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759256052"
                      1 => "/media/fizika_09/gendenshtejn-u/covers/cover2.webp?ts=1759256052"
                    ]
                    "field_cover_alts" => array:2 [
                      0 => ""
                      1 => ""
                    ]
                    "field_covers" => array:2 [
                      0 => array:4 [
                        "path" => "/media/fizika_09/gendenshtejn-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759256052"
                        "alt" => ""
                        "width" => "1863"
                        "height" => "2813"
                      ]
                      1 => array:4 [
                        "path" => "/media/fizika_09/gendenshtejn-u/covers/cover2.webp?ts=1759256052"
                        "alt" => ""
                        "width" => "1863"
                        "height" => "2809"
                      ]
                    ]
                    "field_popular_book" => "0"
                    "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1151}
                    "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1152}
                    "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1153}
                    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/gendenshtejn-uchebnik"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1154}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
                      "class" => 380
                      "subject" => 556
                      "class_subject" => 493
                    ]
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1156
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 1433206
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => null
            "field_branch_order" => "1"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1126}
            "field_page_start" => "6"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1158}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1156}
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        1 => App\Models\Branch {#1157
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 1433243
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Олимпиадные задачи"
            "field_branch_order" => null
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1159
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "206"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1160
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1125}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1161
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1034}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 1433243
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Олимпиадные задачи"
            "field_branch_order" => null
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1159}
            "field_page_start" => "206"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1160}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1161}
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        2 => App\Models\Branch {#1162
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 1433249
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Динамика"
            "field_branch_order" => "II"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1166
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1163
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:7 [
                    "id" => 29
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Глава"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => null
                    "field_short_name" => null
                  ]
                  #original: array:7 [
                    "id" => 29
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Глава"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => null
                    "field_short_name" => null
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "208"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1165
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1125}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1174
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1173
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "branches"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1433243
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_display_title" => "Олимпиадные задачи"
                    "field_branch_order" => null
                    "field_url" => null
                    "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1175 …2}
                    "field_page_start" => "206"
                    "field_branch_display" => "0"
                    "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
                    "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
                    "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
                    "field_navigation_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_branch_cover" => []
                    "field_branch_covers" => []
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1176 …2}
                    "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1177 …2}
                  ]
                  #original: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1433243
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_display_title" => "Олимпиадные задачи"
                    "field_branch_order" => null
                    "field_url" => null
                    "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1175 …2}
                    "field_page_start" => "206"
                    "field_branch_display" => "0"
                    "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
                    "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
                    "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
                    "field_navigation_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_branch_cover" => []
                    "field_branch_covers" => []
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1176 …2}
                    "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1177 …2}
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 1433249
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Динамика"
            "field_branch_order" => "II"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1166}
            "field_page_start" => "208"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1165}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1174}
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        3 => App\Models\Branch {#1167
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 1433250
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Второй закон Ньютона"
            "field_branch_order" => "7"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1171
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1164
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:7 [
                    "id" => 32
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Параграф"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => null
                    "field_short_name" => "§"
                  ]
                  #original: array:7 [
                    "id" => 32
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Параграф"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => null
                    "field_short_name" => "§"
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "208"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1168
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1125}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1184
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1183
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "branches"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1433249
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_display_title" => "Динамика"
                    "field_branch_order" => "II"
                    "field_url" => null
                    "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1185 …2}
                    "field_page_start" => "208"
                    "field_branch_display" => "0"
                    "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
                    "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
                    "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
                    "field_navigation_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_branch_cover" => []
                    "field_branch_covers" => []
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1186 …2}
                    "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1187 …2}
                  ]
                  #original: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1433249
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_display_title" => "Динамика"
                    "field_branch_order" => "II"
                    "field_url" => null
                    "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1185 …2}
                    "field_page_start" => "208"
                    "field_branch_display" => "0"
                    "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
                    "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
                    "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
                    "field_navigation_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_branch_cover" => []
                    "field_branch_covers" => []
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1186 …2}
                    "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1187 …2}
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 1433250
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Второй закон Ньютона"
            "field_branch_order" => "7"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1171}
            "field_page_start" => "208"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1168}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1184}
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073
      #items: array:2 [
        0 => App\Models\Element {#1102
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "elements"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:7 [
            "id" => 1697102
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1093
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1103
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "editions"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:21 [
                    "id" => 6168
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Условие"
                    "field_order" => "1"
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100 …2}
                    "field_content_type" => "free"
                    "field_content_mode" => "text, image"
                    "field_page_content_mode" => "image"
                    "field_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_solution_author" => "Автор"
                    "field_moderator" => "stas"
                    "field_edition_type" => "statement"
                    "field_root_dir" => "0-"
                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1099 …2}
                    "field_comment" => null
                    "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098 …2}
                    "field_process_formula" => "katex"
                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1097 …2}
                    "field_content_source" => null
                  ]
                  #original: array:21 [
                    "id" => 6168
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Условие"
                    "field_order" => "1"
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100 …2}
                    "field_content_type" => "free"
                    "field_content_mode" => "text, image"
                    "field_page_content_mode" => "image"
                    "field_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_solution_author" => "Автор"
                    "field_moderator" => "stas"
                    "field_edition_type" => "statement"
                    "field_root_dir" => "0-"
                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1099 …2}
                    "field_comment" => null
                    "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098 …2}
                    "field_process_formula" => "katex"
                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1097 …2}
                    "field_content_source" => null
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1433941"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "text" => "<p><strong>2.</strong> Автомобиль массой 1 т проезжает по выпуклому мосту радиусом 20 м. В верхней точке моста колёса автомобиля на мгновение отрываются от дороги. Чему равна равнодействующая сил, приложенных к автомобилю в этот момент? Есть ли в задаче лишние данные?</p>"
            "img" => array:1 [
              0 => array:5 [
                "name" => "2-1.jpg"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "1541"
                "height" => 365
                "path" => "/media/fizika_09/gendenshtejn-u/0-olimp07/2-1.webp?ts=1759348507"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          #original: array:7 [
            "id" => 1697102
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1093}
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1433941"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "text" => "<p><strong>2.</strong> Автомобиль массой 1 т проезжает по выпуклому мосту радиусом 20 м. В верхней точке моста колёса автомобиля на мгновение отрываются от дороги. Чему равна равнодействующая сил, приложенных к автомобилю в этот момент? Есть ли в задаче лишние данные?</p>"
            "img" => array:1 [
              0 => array:5 [
                "name" => "2-1.jpg"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "1541"
                "height" => 365
                "path" => "/media/fizika_09/gendenshtejn-u/0-olimp07/2-1.webp?ts=1759348507"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        1 => App\Models\Element {#1095
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "elements"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:6 [
            "id" => 1781172
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1087
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1096
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "editions"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:21 [
                    "id" => 6515
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Решение"
                    "field_order" => "2"
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091 …2}
                    "field_content_type" => "free"
                    "field_content_mode" => "text"
                    "field_page_content_mode" => ""
                    "field_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro"
                    "field_moderator" => "tolik"
                    "field_edition_type" => "solution"
                    "field_root_dir" => "1-"
                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1092 …2}
                    "field_comment" => null
                    "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1090 …2}
                    "field_process_formula" => "katex"
                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1085 …2}
                    "field_content_source" => null
                  ]
                  #original: array:21 [
                    "id" => 6515
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Решение"
                    "field_order" => "2"
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091 …2}
                    "field_content_type" => "free"
                    "field_content_mode" => "text"
                    "field_page_content_mode" => ""
                    "field_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro"
                    "field_moderator" => "tolik"
                    "field_edition_type" => "solution"
                    "field_root_dir" => "1-"
                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1092 …2}
                    "field_comment" => null
                    "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1090 …2}
                    "field_process_formula" => "katex"
                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1085 …2}
                    "field_content_source" => null
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1433941"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "text" => "<p><strong>Дано:</strong></p><p>$m = 1$ т<br>$R = 20$ м<br>Состояние: в верхней точке колёса отрываются от дороги ($N = 0$ Н)<br>$g \approx 9.8$ м/с²</p><p>В системе СИ:<br>$m = 1000$ кг</p><p><strong>Найти:</strong></p><p>$F_{равн}$ - ?<br>Определить, есть ли лишние данные.</p><p><strong>Решение:</strong></p><p><strong>Чему равна равнодействующая сил, приложенных к автомобилю в этот момент?</strong><br>В верхней точке выпуклого моста на автомобиль действуют две силы: сила тяжести $\vec{F}_g$, направленная вертикально вниз, и сила нормальной реакции опоры $\vec{N}$, направленная вертикально вверх.</p><p>Равнодействующая сила $\vec{F}_{равн}$ — это векторная сумма всех сил, действующих на тело: $\vec{F}_{равн} = \vec{F}_g + \vec{N}$.</p><p>Согласно второму закону Ньютона, равнодействующая сила сообщает телу ускорение: $\vec{F}_{равн} = m\vec{a}$. Поскольку автомобиль движется по дуге окружности, он обладает центростремительным ускорением $\vec{a}_c$, которое в верхней точке траектории направлено вертикально вниз, к центру кривизны моста.</p><p>Запишем уравнение второго закона Ньютона в проекции на вертикальную ось, направив её вниз:<br>$F_g - N = ma_c$</p><p>Равнодействующая сила в данном случае равна $F_{равн} = F_g - N$.</p><p>По условию задачи, в верхней точке моста колёса автомобиля «на мгновение отрываются от дороги». Это означает, что автомобиль теряет контакт с поверхностью моста, и сила нормальной реакции опоры становится равной нулю: $N = 0$.</p><p>Следовательно, равнодействующая всех сил, приложенных к автомобилю, в этот момент равна силе тяжести:<br>$F_{равн} = F_g - 0 = F_g = mg$</p><p>Вычислим её значение:<br>$F_{равн} = 1000 \text{ кг} \cdot 9.8 \text{ м/с}^2 = 9800 \text{ Н} = 9.8 \text{ кН}$</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Равнодействующая сила, приложенная к автомобилю в этот момент, равна 9800 Н и направлена вертикально вниз.</p><p><strong>Есть ли в задаче лишние данные?</strong><br>Для определения равнодействующей силы в момент отрыва автомобиля от дороги мы использовали только значение его массы ($\text{m}$) и ускорение свободного падения ($\text{g}$). Радиус кривизны моста ($R = 20$ м) не потребовался для нахождения ответа на первый вопрос. Это данные были бы необходимы, если бы требовалось найти, например, скорость автомобиля, при которой происходит отрыв ($v = \sqrt{gR}$). Следовательно, радиус моста является лишним данным для решения поставленной задачи.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Да, в задаче есть лишние данные — радиус моста.</p>"
          ]
          #original: array:6 [
            "id" => 1781172
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1087}
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1433941"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "text" => "<p><strong>Дано:</strong></p><p>$m = 1$ т<br>$R = 20$ м<br>Состояние: в верхней точке колёса отрываются от дороги ($N = 0$ Н)<br>$g \approx 9.8$ м/с²</p><p>В системе СИ:<br>$m = 1000$ кг</p><p><strong>Найти:</strong></p><p>$F_{равн}$ - ?<br>Определить, есть ли лишние данные.</p><p><strong>Решение:</strong></p><p><strong>Чему равна равнодействующая сил, приложенных к автомобилю в этот момент?</strong><br>В верхней точке выпуклого моста на автомобиль действуют две силы: сила тяжести $\vec{F}_g$, направленная вертикально вниз, и сила нормальной реакции опоры $\vec{N}$, направленная вертикально вверх.</p><p>Равнодействующая сила $\vec{F}_{равн}$ — это векторная сумма всех сил, действующих на тело: $\vec{F}_{равн} = \vec{F}_g + \vec{N}$.</p><p>Согласно второму закону Ньютона, равнодействующая сила сообщает телу ускорение: $\vec{F}_{равн} = m\vec{a}$. Поскольку автомобиль движется по дуге окружности, он обладает центростремительным ускорением $\vec{a}_c$, которое в верхней точке траектории направлено вертикально вниз, к центру кривизны моста.</p><p>Запишем уравнение второго закона Ньютона в проекции на вертикальную ось, направив её вниз:<br>$F_g - N = ma_c$</p><p>Равнодействующая сила в данном случае равна $F_{равн} = F_g - N$.</p><p>По условию задачи, в верхней точке моста колёса автомобиля «на мгновение отрываются от дороги». Это означает, что автомобиль теряет контакт с поверхностью моста, и сила нормальной реакции опоры становится равной нулю: $N = 0$.</p><p>Следовательно, равнодействующая всех сил, приложенных к автомобилю, в этот момент равна силе тяжести:<br>$F_{равн} = F_g - 0 = F_g = mg$</p><p>Вычислим её значение:<br>$F_{равн} = 1000 \text{ кг} \cdot 9.8 \text{ м/с}^2 = 9800 \text{ Н} = 9.8 \text{ кН}$</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Равнодействующая сила, приложенная к автомобилю в этот момент, равна 9800 Н и направлена вертикально вниз.</p><p><strong>Есть ли в задаче лишние данные?</strong><br>Для определения равнодействующей силы в момент отрыва автомобиля от дороги мы использовали только значение его массы ($\text{m}$) и ускорение свободного падения ($\text{g}$). Радиус кривизны моста ($R = 20$ м) не потребовался для нахождения ответа на первый вопрос. Это данные были бы необходимы, если бы требовалось найти, например, скорость автомобиля, при которой происходит отрыв ($v = \sqrt{gR}$). Следовательно, радиус моста является лишним данным для решения поставленной задачи.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Да, в задаче есть лишние данные — радиус моста.</p>"
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "next" => array:2 [
      "refs" => "1433942"
      "type" => "task"
    ]
    "previous" => array:2 [
      "refs" => "1433940"
      "type" => "task"
    ]
    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1106
      #items: array:1 [
        0 => App\Models\Book {#1125}
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "page" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1078
      #items: array:1 [
        0 => App\Models\BookPage {#1108
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "book_pages"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:21 [
            "id" => 1434607
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_page_start" => "208"
            "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/gendenshtejn-uchebnik/page-1-208"
            "field_display_title" => "208"
            "field_folder" => "1"
            "field_image_name" => "208"
            "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1089
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1122}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_weight" => "0"
            "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1125}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1110
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Element {#1111
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "elements"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [
                    "id" => 1697330
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1118 …2}
                    "book_page" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "img" => array:1 [ …1]
                  ]
                  #original: array:6 [
                    "id" => 1697330
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1118 …2}
                    "book_page" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "img" => array:1 [ …1]
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "next" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1434608"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
            "previous" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1434606"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
            "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1288
              #items: array:7 [
                0 => App\Models\Task {#1302
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1433940
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_page_start" => "208"
                    "field_page_end" => null
                    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/gendenshtejn-uchebnik/olimp07-1"
                    "field_display_title" => "1"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1303 …2}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_match" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => []
                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1304 …2}
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1305 …2}
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1306 …2}
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1308 …2}
                    "next" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "previous" => array:2 [ …2]
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1314 …2}
                    "page" => array:2 [ …2]
                  ]
                  #original: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1433940
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_page_start" => "208"
                    "field_page_end" => null
                    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/gendenshtejn-uchebnik/olimp07-1"
                    "field_display_title" => "1"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1303 …2}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                     …11
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
                1 => App\Models\Task {#1309
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [ …24]
                  #original: array:24 [ …24]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
                2 => App\Models\Task {#1321
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [ …24]
                  #original: array:24 [ …24]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
                3 => App\Models\Task {#1467
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [ …24]
                  #original: array:24 [ …24]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
                4 => App\Models\Task {#1500
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [ …24]
                  #original: array:24 [ …24]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
                5 => App\Models\Task {#1378
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [ …24]
                  #original: array:24 [ …24]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
                6 => App\Models\Task {#1345
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [ …24]
                  #original: array:24 [ …24]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:21 [
            "id" => 1434607
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_page_start" => "208"
            "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/gendenshtejn-uchebnik/page-1-208"
            "field_display_title" => "208"
            "field_folder" => "1"
            "field_image_name" => "208"
            "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1089}
            "field_weight" => "0"
            "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088}
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086}
            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1110}
            "next" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1434608"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
            "previous" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1434606"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
            "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1288}
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
  ]
  #original: array:24 [
    "id" => 1433941
    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
    "updated_at" => null
    "field_page_start" => "208"
    "field_page_end" => null
    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/gendenshtejn-uchebnik/olimp07-2"
    "field_display_title" => "2"
    "field_outside_task" => null
    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037}
    "field_metatags_title" => null
    "field_metatags_description" => null
    "field_h1" => null
    "field_description_top" => null
    "field_description_bottom" => null
    "field_match" => null
    "breadcrumbs" => []
    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1035}
    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1075}
    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1112}
    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073}
    "next" => array:2 [
      "refs" => "1433942"
      "type" => "task"
    ]
    "previous" => array:2 [
      "refs" => "1433940"
      "type" => "task"
    ]
    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1106}
    "page" => array:2 [
      "refs" => "1434607"
      "type" => "book_page"
    ]
  ]
  #changes: []
  #casts: []
  #classCastCache: []
  #attributeCastCache: []
  #dateFormat: null
  #appends: []
  #dispatchesEvents: []
  #observables: []
  #relations: []
  #touches: []
  +timestamps: true
  +usesUniqueIds: false
  #hidden: []
  #visible: []
  #fillable: []
  #guarded: array:1 [
    0 => "*"
  ]
}
№2 (с. 208)
Условие. №2 (с. 208)
скриншот условия
Физика, 9 класс Учебник, авторы: Генденштейн Лев Элевич, Булатова Альбина Александрова, Корнильев Игорь Николаевич, Кошкина Анжелика Васильевна, издательство Бином, Москва, 2016, бирюзового цвета, Часть 1, страница 208, номер 2, Условие

2. Автомобиль массой 1 т проезжает по выпуклому мосту радиусом 20 м. В верхней точке моста колёса автомобиля на мгновение отрываются от дороги. Чему равна равнодействующая сил, приложенных к автомобилю в этот момент? Есть ли в задаче лишние данные?

Решение. №2 (с. 208)

Дано:

$m = 1$ т
$R = 20$ м
Состояние: в верхней точке колёса отрываются от дороги ($N = 0$ Н)
$g \approx 9.8$ м/с²

В системе СИ:
$m = 1000$ кг

Найти:

$F_{равн}$ - ?
Определить, есть ли лишние данные.

Решение:

Чему равна равнодействующая сил, приложенных к автомобилю в этот момент?
В верхней точке выпуклого моста на автомобиль действуют две силы: сила тяжести $\vec{F}_g$, направленная вертикально вниз, и сила нормальной реакции опоры $\vec{N}$, направленная вертикально вверх.

Равнодействующая сила $\vec{F}_{равн}$ — это векторная сумма всех сил, действующих на тело: $\vec{F}_{равн} = \vec{F}_g + \vec{N}$.

Согласно второму закону Ньютона, равнодействующая сила сообщает телу ускорение: $\vec{F}_{равн} = m\vec{a}$. Поскольку автомобиль движется по дуге окружности, он обладает центростремительным ускорением $\vec{a}_c$, которое в верхней точке траектории направлено вертикально вниз, к центру кривизны моста.

Запишем уравнение второго закона Ньютона в проекции на вертикальную ось, направив её вниз:
$F_g - N = ma_c$

Равнодействующая сила в данном случае равна $F_{равн} = F_g - N$.

По условию задачи, в верхней точке моста колёса автомобиля «на мгновение отрываются от дороги». Это означает, что автомобиль теряет контакт с поверхностью моста, и сила нормальной реакции опоры становится равной нулю: $N = 0$.

Следовательно, равнодействующая всех сил, приложенных к автомобилю, в этот момент равна силе тяжести:
$F_{равн} = F_g - 0 = F_g = mg$

Вычислим её значение:
$F_{равн} = 1000 \text{ кг} \cdot 9.8 \text{ м/с}^2 = 9800 \text{ Н} = 9.8 \text{ кН}$

Ответ: Равнодействующая сила, приложенная к автомобилю в этот момент, равна 9800 Н и направлена вертикально вниз.

Есть ли в задаче лишние данные?
Для определения равнодействующей силы в момент отрыва автомобиля от дороги мы использовали только значение его массы ($\text{m}$) и ускорение свободного падения ($\text{g}$). Радиус кривизны моста ($R = 20$ м) не потребовался для нахождения ответа на первый вопрос. Это данные были бы необходимы, если бы требовалось найти, например, скорость автомобиля, при которой происходит отрыв ($v = \sqrt{gR}$). Следовательно, радиус моста является лишним данным для решения поставленной задачи.

Ответ: Да, в задаче есть лишние данные — радиус моста.

Помогло решение? Оставьте отзыв в комментариях ниже.

Присоединяйтесь к Телеграм-группе @top_gdz

Присоединиться

Мы подготовили для вас ответ c подробным объяснением домашего задания по физике за 9 класс, для упражнения номер 2 расположенного на странице 208 для 1-й части к учебнику 2016 года издания для учащихся школ и гимназий.

Теперь на нашем сайте ГДЗ.ТОП вы всегда легко и бесплатно найдёте условие с правильным ответом на вопрос «Как решить ДЗ» и «Как сделать» задание по физике к упражнению №2 (с. 208), авторов: Генденштейн (Лев Элевич), Булатова (Альбина Александрова), Корнильев (Игорь Николаевич), Кошкина (Анжелика Васильевна), 1-й части учебного пособия издательства Бином.