Номер 6, страница 93, часть 1 - гдз по физике 9 класс рабочая тетрадь Грачев, Погожев

Авторы: Грачев А. В., Погожев В. А., Боков П. Ю., Вишнякова Е. А.

Тип: рабочая тетрадь

Издательство: Просвещение

Год издания: 2021 - 2026

Часть: 1

Цвет обложки: синий

ISBN: 978-5-09-098826-1 (ч.1) 978-5-09-098880-3 (ч.2) 978-5-09-098881-0 (ч.3)

Часть 1. Глава 2. Динамика. Параграф 19. Движение планет. Искусственные спутники - номер 6, страница 93.

App\Models\Task {#1030 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php
  #connection: "mysql"
  #table: "tasks"
  #primaryKey: "id"
  #keyType: "int"
  +incrementing: true
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  #perPage: 15
  +exists: true
  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
  #attributes: array:24 [
    "id" => 1435025
    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
    "updated_at" => null
    "field_page_start" => "93"
    "field_page_end" => null
    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/grachev-rabochaya-tetrad/19-6"
    "field_display_title" => "6"
    "field_outside_task" => null
    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037
      #items: array:1 [
        0 => App\Models\Term {#1036
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "terms"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: false
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          #attributes: array:6 [
            "id" => 26
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "name" => "номер"
            "field_cases" => array:6 [
              "field_accusative_case" => "номер"
              "field_creative_case" => "номером"
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              "field_genitive_case" => "номера"
              "field_nominative_case" => "номер"
              "field_prepositional_case" => "номере"
            ]
            "field_short_name" => ""
          ]
          #original: array:6 [
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            ]
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        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045
          #connection: "mysql"
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          #keyType: "int"
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            "id" => 1434806
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                0 => App\Models\Term {#1047
                  #connection: "mysql"
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                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
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                      "field_prepositional_case" => "Части"
                    ]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => "1"
                    "field_short_name" => "ч."
                  ]
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              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1049
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                    "id" => 1203
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1048
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
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                          #attributes: array:10 [
                            "id" => 6493
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
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                            "field_abbreviated_name" => null
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                            "field_short_name" => null
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                          #original: array:10 [
                            "id" => 6493
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                          ]
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                    "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1053
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
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                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                              "field_genitive_case" => "девятого"
                              "field_nominative_case" => "девятый"
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                          #original: array:6 [
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                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1055
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
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                        1 => App\Models\Term {#1058
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                        2 => App\Models\Term {#1059
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                        3 => App\Models\Term {#1060
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                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:10 [
                            "id" => 6736
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "рабочая тетрадь"
                            "field_book_type_foreign" => null
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
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                              "field_creative_case" => "рабочей тетрадью"
                              "field_dative_case" => "рабочей тетради"
                              "field_genitive_case" => "рабочей тетради"
                              "field_nominative_case" => "рабочая тетрадь"
                              "field_prepositional_case" => "рабочей тетради"
                            ]
                            "field_plural_form" => "рабочие тетради"
                            "field_short_name" => "рт"
                            "field_short_name_foreign" => null
                            "field_translit" => "rabochaya tetrad"
                          ]
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                            "id" => 6736
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "рабочая тетрадь"
                            "field_book_type_foreign" => null
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
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                              "field_genitive_case" => "рабочей тетради"
                              "field_nominative_case" => "рабочая тетрадь"
                              "field_prepositional_case" => "рабочей тетради"
                            ]
                            "field_plural_form" => "рабочие тетради"
                            "field_short_name" => "рт"
                            "field_short_name_foreign" => null
                            "field_translit" => "rabochaya tetrad"
                          ]
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                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
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                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
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                          #hidden: []
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                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1065
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
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                          #withCount: []
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                          +exists: true
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                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 9
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Россия"
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                              "field_prepositional_case" => null
                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "rossiya"
                          ]
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                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Россия"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
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                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "rossiya"
                          ]
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                          #dateFormat: null
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                          #dispatchesEvents: []
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                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
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                          #hidden: []
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                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1067
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 15
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Москва"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => null
                              "field_creative_case" => null
                              "field_dative_case" => null
                              "field_genitive_case" => null
                              "field_nominative_case" => null
                              "field_prepositional_case" => null
                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "moskva"
                          ]
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                            "id" => 15
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Москва"
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                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "moskva"
                          ]
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                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
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                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
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                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
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                            0 => "*"
                          ]
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                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1069
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1072
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
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                          #withCount: []
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                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
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                          #attributes: array:10 [
                            "id" => 6706
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
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                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
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                            ]
                            "field_color" => null
                            "field_end_year" => "2022"
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                            "field_translit" => "fgos-old"
                            "field_type" => null
                          ]
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                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "ФГОС (старый)"
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                          ]
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                      ]
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                    }
                    "field_publication_number" => "6"
                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073
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                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1074
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
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                          #withCount: []
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                          +exists: true
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                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 33
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
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                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
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                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "stereotipnoe"
                          ]
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                            "id" => 33
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "стереотипное"
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                            "field_translit" => "stereotipnoe"
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                          #dateFormat: null
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                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
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                          #hidden: []
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                          #guarded: array:1 [
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                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1075
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
                    "field_cover_description" => null
                    "field_publication_year" => "2021"
                    "field_publication_year_until" => null
                    "field_part" => "1, 2, 3"
                    "field_part_writing" => "Часть"
                    "field_second_foreign_language" => null
                    "field_for_whom" => "Учебное издание"
                    "field_allowed" => null
                    "field_reserve_field" => null
                    "field_link_to_source" => null
                    "field_tasks_count" => "594"
                    "field_priority" => null
                    "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/grachev-rt/"
                    "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-098826-1 (ч.1) 978-5-09-098880-3 (ч.2) 978-5-09-098881-0 (ч.3)"
                    "field_cover" => array:3 [
                      0 => "/media/fizika_09/grachev-rt/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759003248"
                      1 => "/media/fizika_09/grachev-rt/covers/cover2.webp?ts=1759003248"
                      2 => "/media/fizika_09/grachev-rt/covers/cover3.webp?ts=1759003248"
                    ]
                    "field_cover_alts" => array:3 [
                      0 => ""
                      1 => ""
                      2 => ""
                    ]
                    "field_covers" => array:3 [
                      0 => array:4 [
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                        "alt" => ""
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                      ]
                      1 => array:4 [
                        "path" => "/media/fizika_09/grachev-rt/covers/cover2.webp?ts=1759003248"
                        "alt" => ""
                        "width" => "2265"
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                      ]
                      2 => array:4 [
                        "path" => "/media/fizika_09/grachev-rt/covers/cover3.webp?ts=1759003248"
                        "alt" => ""
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                      ]
                    ]
                    "field_popular_book" => "0"
                    "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1076
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1077
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1078
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/grachev-rabochaya-tetrad"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1079
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1080
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 49
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "синий"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => null
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                              "field_genitive_case" => null
                              "field_nominative_case" => null
                              "field_prepositional_case" => null
                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "siniy"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 49
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "синий"
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                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "siniy"
                          ]
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                          #dateFormat: null
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                      ]
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                    }
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                    ]
                  ]
                  #original: array:50 [
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                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks"
                    "field_pages_status" => null
                    "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1051}
                    "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052}
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1054}
                    "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056}
                    "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061}
                    "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062}
                    "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064}
                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066}
                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068}
                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1069}
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070}
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071}
                    "field_publication_number" => "6"
                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073}
                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1075}
                    "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
                    "field_cover_description" => null
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                    "field_publication_year_until" => null
                    "field_part" => "1, 2, 3"
                    "field_part_writing" => "Часть"
                    "field_second_foreign_language" => null
                    "field_for_whom" => "Учебное издание"
                    "field_allowed" => null
                    "field_reserve_field" => null
                    "field_link_to_source" => null
                    "field_tasks_count" => "594"
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                    "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/grachev-rt/"
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                    "field_cover" => array:3 [
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                      2 => "/media/fizika_09/grachev-rt/covers/cover3.webp?ts=1759003248"
                    ]
                    "field_cover_alts" => array:3 [
                      0 => ""
                      1 => ""
                      2 => ""
                    ]
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                      0 => array:4 [
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                      ]
                      1 => array:4 [
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                      ]
                      2 => array:4 [
                        "path" => "/media/fizika_09/grachev-rt/covers/cover3.webp?ts=1759003248"
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                      ]
                    ]
                    "field_popular_book" => "0"
                    "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1076}
                    "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1077}
                    "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1078}
                    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/grachev-rabochaya-tetrad"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1079}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
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                    "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
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                    ]
                  ]
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                  #dateFormat: null
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                  #touches: []
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                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
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                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
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            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
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            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050}
            "field_page_start" => "4"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
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            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
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            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
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            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1083}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081}
          ]
          #changes: []
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          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
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          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
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          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
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            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1114
      #items: array:3 [
        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1124
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 1434806
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => null
            "field_branch_order" => "1"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1125
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1047}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "4"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1126
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1049}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1127
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 1434806
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => null
            "field_branch_order" => "1"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1125}
            "field_page_start" => "4"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1126}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1127}
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        1 => App\Models\Branch {#1128
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 1434820
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Динамика"
            "field_branch_order" => "2"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1129
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:7 [
                    "id" => 29
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Глава"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
                      "field_accusative_case" => "Главу"
                      "field_creative_case" => "Главой"
                      "field_dative_case" => "Главе"
                      "field_genitive_case" => "Главы"
                      "field_nominative_case" => "Глава"
                      "field_prepositional_case" => "Главе"
                    ]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => null
                    "field_short_name" => null
                  ]
                  #original: array:7 [
                    "id" => 29
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Глава"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
                      "field_accusative_case" => "Главу"
                      "field_creative_case" => "Главой"
                      "field_dative_case" => "Главе"
                      "field_genitive_case" => "Главы"
                      "field_nominative_case" => "Глава"
                      "field_prepositional_case" => "Главе"
                    ]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => null
                    "field_short_name" => null
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "53"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1049}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 1434820
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Динамика"
            "field_branch_order" => "2"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132}
            "field_page_start" => "53"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130}
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        2 => App\Models\Branch {#1133
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 1434828
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Движение планет. Искусственные спутники"
            "field_branch_order" => "19"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1134
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:7 [
                    "id" => 32
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Параграф"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
                      "field_accusative_case" => "Параграф"
                      "field_creative_case" => "Параграфом"
                      "field_dative_case" => "Параграфу"
                      "field_genitive_case" => "Параграфа"
                      "field_nominative_case" => "Параграф"
                      "field_prepositional_case" => "Параграфе"
                    ]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => null
                    "field_short_name" => "§"
                  ]
                  #original: array:7 [
                    "id" => 32
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Параграф"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
                      "field_accusative_case" => "Параграф"
                      "field_creative_case" => "Параграфом"
                      "field_dative_case" => "Параграфу"
                      "field_genitive_case" => "Параграфа"
                      "field_nominative_case" => "Параграф"
                      "field_prepositional_case" => "Параграфе"
                    ]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => null
                    "field_short_name" => "§"
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "90"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1049}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1144
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "branches"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1434820
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_display_title" => "Динамика"
                    "field_branch_order" => "2"
                    "field_url" => null
                    "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1129}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_page_start" => "53"
                    "field_branch_display" => "0"
                    "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
                    "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
                    "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
                    "field_navigation_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_branch_cover" => []
                    "field_branch_covers" => []
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1147
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Book {#1049}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                  ]
                  #original: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1434820
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_display_title" => "Динамика"
                    "field_branch_order" => "2"
                    "field_url" => null
                    "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146}
                    "field_page_start" => "53"
                    "field_branch_display" => "0"
                    "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
                    "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
                    "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
                    "field_navigation_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_branch_cover" => []
                    "field_branch_covers" => []
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1147}
                    "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148}
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 1434828
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Движение планет. Искусственные спутники"
            "field_branch_order" => "19"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137}
            "field_page_start" => "90"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145}
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1038
      #items: array:2 [
        0 => App\Models\Element {#1106
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "elements"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:7 [
            "id" => 1698413
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1104
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "editions"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:21 [
                    "id" => 6173
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Условие"
                    "field_order" => "1"
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1105
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [ …6]
                          #original: array:6 [ …6]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_content_type" => "free"
                    "field_content_mode" => "text, image"
                    "field_page_content_mode" => "image"
                    "field_content_text_checked" => null
                    "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_solution_author" => "Автор"
                    "field_moderator" => "stas"
                    "field_edition_type" => "statement"
                    "field_root_dir" => "0-"
                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1103
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_comment" => null
                    "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1101
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_process_formula" => "katex"
                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_content_source" => null
                  ]
                  #original: array:21 [
                    "id" => 6173
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Условие"
                    "field_order" => "1"
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102}
                    "field_content_type" => "free"
                    "field_content_mode" => "text, image"
                    "field_page_content_mode" => "image"
                    "field_content_text_checked" => null
                    "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_solution_author" => "Автор"
                    "field_moderator" => "stas"
                    "field_edition_type" => "statement"
                    "field_root_dir" => "0-"
                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1103}
                    "field_comment" => null
                    "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1101}
                    "field_process_formula" => "katex"
                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100}
                    "field_content_source" => null
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1435025"
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            "text" => "<p><strong>6.</strong> На рис. 58 изображены три планеты 1, 2, 3, движущиеся по круговым орбитам вокруг звезды под действием только её гравитационных сил. Масса звезды $\text{M}$ во много раз превышает суммарную массу всех планет. Массы первой и третьей планет равны, масса второй планеты в 2 раза меньше массы первой. Соотношение радиусов орбит планет и звезды дано на рисунке. Звезду считайте однородным шаром.</p><p>Рис. 58</p><p>Определите:</p><p><strong>a)</strong> какая из планет движется наиболее медленно;</p><p><strong>б)</strong> у какой планеты период движения по орбите наибольший;</p><p><strong>в)</strong> отношения модулей скоростей движения по орбитам первой и второй планеты $v_1/v_2$, второй и третьей планеты $v_2/v_3$;</p><p><strong>г)</strong> отношения периодов движения по орбитам первой и второй планеты $T_1/T_2$, второй и третьей планеты $T_2/T_3$.</p><p><em>Решение.</em></p><p><em>Ответ:</em> ___________.</p>"
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            "text" => "<p><strong>6.</strong> На рис. 58 изображены три планеты 1, 2, 3, движущиеся по круговым орбитам вокруг звезды под действием только её гравитационных сил. Масса звезды $\text{M}$ во много раз превышает суммарную массу всех планет. Массы первой и третьей планет равны, масса второй планеты в 2 раза меньше массы первой. Соотношение радиусов орбит планет и звезды дано на рисунке. Звезду считайте однородным шаром.</p><p>Рис. 58</p><p>Определите:</p><p><strong>a)</strong> какая из планет движется наиболее медленно;</p><p><strong>б)</strong> у какой планеты период движения по орбите наибольший;</p><p><strong>в)</strong> отношения модулей скоростей движения по орбитам первой и второй планеты $v_1/v_2$, второй и третьей планеты $v_2/v_3$;</p><p><strong>г)</strong> отношения периодов движения по орбитам первой и второй планеты $T_1/T_2$, второй и третьей планеты $T_2/T_3$.</p><p><em>Решение.</em></p><p><em>Ответ:</em> ___________.</p>"
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            "text" => "<p><strong>Дано:</strong></p> <p>$m_{1} = m_{3}$</p> <p>$m_{2} = \frac{m_{1}}{2}$</p> <p>$M \gg m_{1}, m_{2}, m_{3}$</p> <p>Из рисунка и условия задачи следует, что планеты движутся по круговым орбитам. Сопоставляя схематичное изображение планет и подписи к радиусам орбит, можно определить радиусы орбит для каждой планеты. Планета 3 находится на внешней орбите с радиусом $r_3$. Планета 1 находится на средней орбите с радиусом $r_1$. Планета 2 находится на внутренней орбите с радиусом $r_2$. Из рисунка:</p> <p>$r_{1} = 2R$</p> <p>$r_{3} = 3R$</p> <p>Радиус орбиты планеты 2 на рисунке не указан, но, исходя из того, что это самая внутренняя орбита и для решения задачи требуются все три радиуса, можно предположить, что ее радиус равен радиусу звезды $R$.</p> <p>$r_{2} = R$</p> <p><strong>Найти:</strong></p> <p>а) какая из планет движется наиболее медленно;</p> <p>б) у какой планеты период движения по орбите наибольший;</p> <p>в) $\frac{v_1}{v_2}$ и $\frac{v_2}{v_3}$;</p> <p>г) $\frac{T_1}{T_2}$ и $\frac{T_2}{T_3}$.</p> <p><strong>Решение:</strong></p> <p>Планеты движутся по круговым орбитам под действием гравитационной силы со стороны звезды. Эта сила является центростремительной. По второму закону Ньютона:</p> <p>$F_{ц} = F_{г}$</p> <p>$\frac{m_n v_n^2}{r_n} = G \frac{M m_n}{r_n^2}$</p> <p>где $v_n$ – скорость планеты на орбите радиусом $r_n$, $m_n$ – масса планеты, $M$ – масса звезды, $G$ – гравитационная постоянная.</p> <p>Из этого уравнения можно выразить модуль скорости движения планеты:</p> <p>$v_n^2 = G \frac{M}{r_n} \implies v_n = \sqrt{\frac{GM}{r_n}}$</p> <p>Период обращения $T_n$ – это время, за которое планета совершает один полный оборот по орбите. Он связан со скоростью и радиусом орбиты соотношением:</p> <p>$T_n = \frac{2\pi r_n}{v_n} = \frac{2\pi r_n}{\sqrt{\frac{GM}{r_n}}} = 2\pi \sqrt{\frac{r_n^3}{GM}}$</p> <p>Важно отметить, что ни скорость движения по орбите, ни период обращения не зависят от массы самой планеты. Поэтому информация о массах планет в данной задаче является избыточной.</p> <p><strong>а) какая из планет движется наиболее медленно</strong></p> <p>Из формулы для скорости $v = \sqrt{GM/r}$ видно, что скорость обратно пропорциональна квадратному корню из радиуса орбиты. Следовательно, чем больше радиус орбиты, тем меньше скорость планеты.</p> <p>Сравним радиусы орбит: $r_2 = R$, $r_1 = 2R$, $r_3 = 3R$.</p> <p>Так как $r_3 &gt; r_1 &gt; r_2$, то $v_3 &lt; v_1 &lt; v_2$.</p> <p>Наиболее медленно движется планета с самым большим радиусом орбиты – планета 3.</p> <p>Ответ: Наиболее медленно движется планета 3.</p> <p><strong>б) у какой планеты период движения по орбите наибольший</strong></p> <p>Из формулы для периода $T = 2\pi \sqrt{r^3/GM}$ видно, что период пропорционален радиусу в степени 3/2. Следовательно, чем больше радиус орбиты, тем больше период обращения.</p> <p>Так как $r_3$ – наибольший радиус, у планеты 3 будет наибольший период движения.</p> <p>Ответ: Наибольший период движения у планеты 3.</p> <p><strong>в) отношение модулей скоростей движения по орбитам первой и второй планеты $v_1/v_2$, второй и третьей планеты $v_2/v_3$</strong></p> <p>Найдем отношение $\frac{v_1}{v_2}$:</p> <p>$\frac{v_1}{v_2} = \frac{\sqrt{GM/r_1}}{\sqrt{GM/r_2}} = \sqrt{\frac{r_2}{r_1}} = \sqrt{\frac{R}{2R}} = \sqrt{\frac{1}{2}} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} = \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2} \approx 0.707$</p> <p>Найдем отношение $\frac{v_2}{v_3}$:</p> <p>$\frac{v_2}{v_3} = \frac{\sqrt{GM/r_2}}{\sqrt{GM/r_3}} = \sqrt{\frac{r_3}{r_2}} = \sqrt{\frac{3R}{R}} = \sqrt{3} \approx 1.732$</p> <p>Ответ: $\frac{v_1}{v_2} = \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$; $\frac{v_2}{v_3} = \sqrt{3}$.</p> <p><strong>г) отношения периодов движения по орбитам первой и второй планеты $T_1/T_2$, второй и третьей планеты $T_2/T_3$</strong></p> <p>Найдем отношение $\frac{T_1}{T_2}$. Воспользуемся тем, что $T \propto r^{3/2}$:</p> <p>$\frac{T_1}{T_2} = \left(\frac{r_1}{r_2}\right)^{3/2} = \left(\frac{2R}{R}\right)^{3/2} = 2^{3/2} = \sqrt{2^3} = \sqrt{8} = 2\sqrt{2} \approx 2.828$</p> <p>Найдем отношение $\frac{T_2}{T_3}$:</p> <p>$\frac{T_2}{T_3} = \left(\frac{r_2}{r_3}\right)^{3/2} = \left(\frac{R}{3R}\right)^{3/2} = \left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^{3/2} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{3^3}} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{27}} = \frac{1}{3\sqrt{3}} = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{9} \approx 0.192$</p> <p>Ответ: $\frac{T_1}{T_2} = 2\sqrt{2}$; $\frac{T_2}{T_3} = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{9}$.</p>"
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            "text" => "<p><strong>Дано:</strong></p> <p>$m_{1} = m_{3}$</p> <p>$m_{2} = \frac{m_{1}}{2}$</p> <p>$M \gg m_{1}, m_{2}, m_{3}$</p> <p>Из рисунка и условия задачи следует, что планеты движутся по круговым орбитам. Сопоставляя схематичное изображение планет и подписи к радиусам орбит, можно определить радиусы орбит для каждой планеты. Планета 3 находится на внешней орбите с радиусом $r_3$. Планета 1 находится на средней орбите с радиусом $r_1$. Планета 2 находится на внутренней орбите с радиусом $r_2$. Из рисунка:</p> <p>$r_{1} = 2R$</p> <p>$r_{3} = 3R$</p> <p>Радиус орбиты планеты 2 на рисунке не указан, но, исходя из того, что это самая внутренняя орбита и для решения задачи требуются все три радиуса, можно предположить, что ее радиус равен радиусу звезды $R$.</p> <p>$r_{2} = R$</p> <p><strong>Найти:</strong></p> <p>а) какая из планет движется наиболее медленно;</p> <p>б) у какой планеты период движения по орбите наибольший;</p> <p>в) $\frac{v_1}{v_2}$ и $\frac{v_2}{v_3}$;</p> <p>г) $\frac{T_1}{T_2}$ и $\frac{T_2}{T_3}$.</p> <p><strong>Решение:</strong></p> <p>Планеты движутся по круговым орбитам под действием гравитационной силы со стороны звезды. Эта сила является центростремительной. По второму закону Ньютона:</p> <p>$F_{ц} = F_{г}$</p> <p>$\frac{m_n v_n^2}{r_n} = G \frac{M m_n}{r_n^2}$</p> <p>где $v_n$ – скорость планеты на орбите радиусом $r_n$, $m_n$ – масса планеты, $M$ – масса звезды, $G$ – гравитационная постоянная.</p> <p>Из этого уравнения можно выразить модуль скорости движения планеты:</p> <p>$v_n^2 = G \frac{M}{r_n} \implies v_n = \sqrt{\frac{GM}{r_n}}$</p> <p>Период обращения $T_n$ – это время, за которое планета совершает один полный оборот по орбите. Он связан со скоростью и радиусом орбиты соотношением:</p> <p>$T_n = \frac{2\pi r_n}{v_n} = \frac{2\pi r_n}{\sqrt{\frac{GM}{r_n}}} = 2\pi \sqrt{\frac{r_n^3}{GM}}$</p> <p>Важно отметить, что ни скорость движения по орбите, ни период обращения не зависят от массы самой планеты. Поэтому информация о массах планет в данной задаче является избыточной.</p> <p><strong>а) какая из планет движется наиболее медленно</strong></p> <p>Из формулы для скорости $v = \sqrt{GM/r}$ видно, что скорость обратно пропорциональна квадратному корню из радиуса орбиты. Следовательно, чем больше радиус орбиты, тем меньше скорость планеты.</p> <p>Сравним радиусы орбит: $r_2 = R$, $r_1 = 2R$, $r_3 = 3R$.</p> <p>Так как $r_3 &gt; r_1 &gt; r_2$, то $v_3 &lt; v_1 &lt; v_2$.</p> <p>Наиболее медленно движется планета с самым большим радиусом орбиты – планета 3.</p> <p>Ответ: Наиболее медленно движется планета 3.</p> <p><strong>б) у какой планеты период движения по орбите наибольший</strong></p> <p>Из формулы для периода $T = 2\pi \sqrt{r^3/GM}$ видно, что период пропорционален радиусу в степени 3/2. Следовательно, чем больше радиус орбиты, тем больше период обращения.</p> <p>Так как $r_3$ – наибольший радиус, у планеты 3 будет наибольший период движения.</p> <p>Ответ: Наибольший период движения у планеты 3.</p> <p><strong>в) отношение модулей скоростей движения по орбитам первой и второй планеты $v_1/v_2$, второй и третьей планеты $v_2/v_3$</strong></p> <p>Найдем отношение $\frac{v_1}{v_2}$:</p> <p>$\frac{v_1}{v_2} = \frac{\sqrt{GM/r_1}}{\sqrt{GM/r_2}} = \sqrt{\frac{r_2}{r_1}} = \sqrt{\frac{R}{2R}} = \sqrt{\frac{1}{2}} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} = \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2} \approx 0.707$</p> <p>Найдем отношение $\frac{v_2}{v_3}$:</p> <p>$\frac{v_2}{v_3} = \frac{\sqrt{GM/r_2}}{\sqrt{GM/r_3}} = \sqrt{\frac{r_3}{r_2}} = \sqrt{\frac{3R}{R}} = \sqrt{3} \approx 1.732$</p> <p>Ответ: $\frac{v_1}{v_2} = \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$; $\frac{v_2}{v_3} = \sqrt{3}$.</p> <p><strong>г) отношения периодов движения по орбитам первой и второй планеты $T_1/T_2$, второй и третьей планеты $T_2/T_3$</strong></p> <p>Найдем отношение $\frac{T_1}{T_2}$. Воспользуемся тем, что $T \propto r^{3/2}$:</p> <p>$\frac{T_1}{T_2} = \left(\frac{r_1}{r_2}\right)^{3/2} = \left(\frac{2R}{R}\right)^{3/2} = 2^{3/2} = \sqrt{2^3} = \sqrt{8} = 2\sqrt{2} \approx 2.828$</p> <p>Найдем отношение $\frac{T_2}{T_3}$:</p> <p>$\frac{T_2}{T_3} = \left(\frac{r_2}{r_3}\right)^{3/2} = \left(\frac{R}{3R}\right)^{3/2} = \left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^{3/2} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{3^3}} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{27}} = \frac{1}{3\sqrt{3}} = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{9} \approx 0.192$</p> <p>Ответ: $\frac{T_1}{T_2} = 2\sqrt{2}$; $\frac{T_2}{T_3} = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{9}$.</p>"
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№6 (с. 93)
Условие. №6 (с. 93)
скриншот условия
Физика, 9 класс рабочая тетрадь, авторы: Грачев Александр Васильевич, Погожев Владимир Александрович, Боков Павел Юрьевич, Вишнякова Екатерина Анатольевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2021, Часть 1, страница 93, номер 6, Условие

6. На рис. 58 изображены три планеты 1, 2, 3, движущиеся по круговым орбитам вокруг звезды под действием только её гравитационных сил. Масса звезды $\text{M}$ во много раз превышает суммарную массу всех планет. Массы первой и третьей планет равны, масса второй планеты в 2 раза меньше массы первой. Соотношение радиусов орбит планет и звезды дано на рисунке. Звезду считайте однородным шаром.

Рис. 58

Определите:

a) какая из планет движется наиболее медленно;

б) у какой планеты период движения по орбите наибольший;

в) отношения модулей скоростей движения по орбитам первой и второй планеты $v_1/v_2$, второй и третьей планеты $v_2/v_3$;

г) отношения периодов движения по орбитам первой и второй планеты $T_1/T_2$, второй и третьей планеты $T_2/T_3$.

Решение.

Ответ: ___________.

Решение. №6 (с. 93)

Дано:

$m_{1} = m_{3}$

$m_{2} = \frac{m_{1}}{2}$

$M \gg m_{1}, m_{2}, m_{3}$

Из рисунка и условия задачи следует, что планеты движутся по круговым орбитам. Сопоставляя схематичное изображение планет и подписи к радиусам орбит, можно определить радиусы орбит для каждой планеты. Планета 3 находится на внешней орбите с радиусом $r_3$. Планета 1 находится на средней орбите с радиусом $r_1$. Планета 2 находится на внутренней орбите с радиусом $r_2$. Из рисунка:

$r_{1} = 2R$

$r_{3} = 3R$

Радиус орбиты планеты 2 на рисунке не указан, но, исходя из того, что это самая внутренняя орбита и для решения задачи требуются все три радиуса, можно предположить, что ее радиус равен радиусу звезды $R$.

$r_{2} = R$

Найти:

а) какая из планет движется наиболее медленно;

б) у какой планеты период движения по орбите наибольший;

в) $\frac{v_1}{v_2}$ и $\frac{v_2}{v_3}$;

г) $\frac{T_1}{T_2}$ и $\frac{T_2}{T_3}$.

Решение:

Планеты движутся по круговым орбитам под действием гравитационной силы со стороны звезды. Эта сила является центростремительной. По второму закону Ньютона:

$F_{ц} = F_{г}$

$\frac{m_n v_n^2}{r_n} = G \frac{M m_n}{r_n^2}$

где $v_n$ – скорость планеты на орбите радиусом $r_n$, $m_n$ – масса планеты, $M$ – масса звезды, $G$ – гравитационная постоянная.

Из этого уравнения можно выразить модуль скорости движения планеты:

$v_n^2 = G \frac{M}{r_n} \implies v_n = \sqrt{\frac{GM}{r_n}}$

Период обращения $T_n$ – это время, за которое планета совершает один полный оборот по орбите. Он связан со скоростью и радиусом орбиты соотношением:

$T_n = \frac{2\pi r_n}{v_n} = \frac{2\pi r_n}{\sqrt{\frac{GM}{r_n}}} = 2\pi \sqrt{\frac{r_n^3}{GM}}$

Важно отметить, что ни скорость движения по орбите, ни период обращения не зависят от массы самой планеты. Поэтому информация о массах планет в данной задаче является избыточной.

а) какая из планет движется наиболее медленно

Из формулы для скорости $v = \sqrt{GM/r}$ видно, что скорость обратно пропорциональна квадратному корню из радиуса орбиты. Следовательно, чем больше радиус орбиты, тем меньше скорость планеты.

Сравним радиусы орбит: $r_2 = R$, $r_1 = 2R$, $r_3 = 3R$.

Так как $r_3 > r_1 > r_2$, то $v_3 < v_1 < v_2$.

Наиболее медленно движется планета с самым большим радиусом орбиты – планета 3.

Ответ: Наиболее медленно движется планета 3.

б) у какой планеты период движения по орбите наибольший

Из формулы для периода $T = 2\pi \sqrt{r^3/GM}$ видно, что период пропорционален радиусу в степени 3/2. Следовательно, чем больше радиус орбиты, тем больше период обращения.

Так как $r_3$ – наибольший радиус, у планеты 3 будет наибольший период движения.

Ответ: Наибольший период движения у планеты 3.

в) отношение модулей скоростей движения по орбитам первой и второй планеты $v_1/v_2$, второй и третьей планеты $v_2/v_3$

Найдем отношение $\frac{v_1}{v_2}$:

$\frac{v_1}{v_2} = \frac{\sqrt{GM/r_1}}{\sqrt{GM/r_2}} = \sqrt{\frac{r_2}{r_1}} = \sqrt{\frac{R}{2R}} = \sqrt{\frac{1}{2}} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} = \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2} \approx 0.707$

Найдем отношение $\frac{v_2}{v_3}$:

$\frac{v_2}{v_3} = \frac{\sqrt{GM/r_2}}{\sqrt{GM/r_3}} = \sqrt{\frac{r_3}{r_2}} = \sqrt{\frac{3R}{R}} = \sqrt{3} \approx 1.732$

Ответ: $\frac{v_1}{v_2} = \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$; $\frac{v_2}{v_3} = \sqrt{3}$.

г) отношения периодов движения по орбитам первой и второй планеты $T_1/T_2$, второй и третьей планеты $T_2/T_3$

Найдем отношение $\frac{T_1}{T_2}$. Воспользуемся тем, что $T \propto r^{3/2}$:

$\frac{T_1}{T_2} = \left(\frac{r_1}{r_2}\right)^{3/2} = \left(\frac{2R}{R}\right)^{3/2} = 2^{3/2} = \sqrt{2^3} = \sqrt{8} = 2\sqrt{2} \approx 2.828$

Найдем отношение $\frac{T_2}{T_3}$:

$\frac{T_2}{T_3} = \left(\frac{r_2}{r_3}\right)^{3/2} = \left(\frac{R}{3R}\right)^{3/2} = \left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^{3/2} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{3^3}} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{27}} = \frac{1}{3\sqrt{3}} = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{9} \approx 0.192$

Ответ: $\frac{T_1}{T_2} = 2\sqrt{2}$; $\frac{T_2}{T_3} = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{9}$.

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