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Номер 9, страница 142 - гдз по физике 9 класс учебник Грачев, Погожев
Авторы: Грачев А. В., Погожев В. А., Боков П. Ю.
Тип: Учебник
Серия: алгоритм успеха
Издательство: Вентана-граф
Год издания: 2012 - 2026
Цвет обложки: синий изображено здание и радуга
ISBN: 978-5-360-07412-0
Популярные ГДЗ в 9 классе
Глава 3. Импульс. Закон сохранения импульса. Параграф 23. Импульс. Изменение импульса материальной точки. Система тел. Закон сохранения импульса. Вопросы - номер 9, страница 142.
App\Models\Task {#1030 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1438228 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "142" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/grachev-uchebnik/23vopr-9" "field_display_title" => "9" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1036 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1035 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1076 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1034 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1437931 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Импульс. Закон сохранения импульса" "field_branch_order" => "3" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1039 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1038 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "136" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1040 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1041 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 1202 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1042 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1044 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1046 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1048 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1053 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063 …2} "field_publication_number" => "2" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => "изображено здание и радуга" "field_publication_year" => "2012" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для учащихся общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "580" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/grachev-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-360-07412-0" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1069 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070 …2} "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/grachev-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 1202 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1042 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1044 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1046 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1048 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1053 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063 …2} "field_publication_number" => "2" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => "изображено здание и радуга" "field_publication_year" => "2012" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для учащихся общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "580" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/grachev-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-360-07412-0" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1069 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070 …2} "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/grachev-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1437931 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Импульс. Закон сохранения импульса" "field_branch_order" => "3" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1039} "field_page_start" => "136" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1040} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1201 #items: array:3 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1074 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1437931 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Импульс. Закон сохранения импульса" "field_branch_order" => "3" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1077 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1075 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "136" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1078 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1079 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 1202 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1080 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1084 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1090 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1093 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1097 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1099 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1101 …2} "field_publication_number" => "2" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1103 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1105 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => "изображено здание и радуга" "field_publication_year" => "2012" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для учащихся общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "580" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/grachev-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-360-07412-0" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1106 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1107 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1108 …2} "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/grachev-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 1202 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1080 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1084 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1090 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1093 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1097 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1099 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1101 …2} "field_publication_number" => "2" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1103 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1105 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => "изображено здание и радуга" "field_publication_year" => "2012" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для учащихся общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "580" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/grachev-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-360-07412-0" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1106 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1107 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1108 …2} "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/grachev-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1111 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1437931 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Импульс. Закон сохранения импульса" "field_branch_order" => "3" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1077} "field_page_start" => "136" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1078} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1111} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Branch {#1112 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1437932 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Импульс. Изменение импульса материальной точки. Система тел. Закон сохранения импульса" "field_branch_order" => "23" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1114 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 32 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Параграф" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => "§" ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 32 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Параграф" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => "§" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "136" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1115 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1116 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 1202 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1117 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1119 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1121 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1123 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1127 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1128 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1134 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1138 …2} "field_publication_number" => "2" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1140 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1142 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => "изображено здание и радуга" "field_publication_year" => "2012" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для учащихся общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "580" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/grachev-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-360-07412-0" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1143 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145 …2} "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/grachev-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 1202 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1117 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1119 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1121 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1123 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1127 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1128 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1134 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1138 …2} "field_publication_number" => "2" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1140 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1142 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => "изображено здание и радуга" "field_publication_year" => "2012" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для учащихся общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "580" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/grachev-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-360-07412-0" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1143 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145 …2} "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/grachev-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1149 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1437931 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Импульс. Закон сохранения импульса" "field_branch_order" => "3" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1150 …2} "field_page_start" => "136" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1152 …2} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1153 …2} ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1437931 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Импульс. Закон сохранения импульса" "field_branch_order" => "3" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1150 …2} "field_page_start" => "136" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1152 …2} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1153 …2} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1437932 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Импульс. Изменение импульса материальной точки. Система тел. Закон сохранения импульса" "field_branch_order" => "23" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113} "field_page_start" => "136" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1115} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 2 => App\Models\Branch {#1154 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1437933 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Вопросы" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1155 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "142" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1156 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1157 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 1202 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1158 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1160 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1162 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1164 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1168 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1169 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1171 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1173 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1175 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1177 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1178 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1179 …2} "field_publication_number" => "2" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1181 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1183 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => "изображено здание и радуга" "field_publication_year" => "2012" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для учащихся общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "580" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/grachev-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-360-07412-0" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1184 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1185 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1186 …2} "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/grachev-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1187 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 1202 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1158 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1160 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1162 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1164 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1168 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1169 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1171 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1173 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1175 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1177 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1178 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1179 …2} "field_publication_number" => "2" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1181 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1183 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => "изображено здание и радуга" "field_publication_year" => "2012" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для учащихся общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "580" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/grachev-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-360-07412-0" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1184 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1185 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1186 …2} "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/grachev-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1187 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1189 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1190 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1437932 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Импульс. Изменение импульса материальной точки. Система тел. Закон сохранения импульса" "field_branch_order" => "23" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1191 …2} "field_page_start" => "136" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null …6 ] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1437933 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Вопросы" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1155} "field_page_start" => "142" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1156} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1189} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1200 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1211 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 1705120 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1220 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1212 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ …21] #original: array:21 [ …21] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1438228" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>9. </strong>Сформулируйте закон сохранения импульса.</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "9-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "345" "height" => 73 "path" => "/media/fizika_09/grachev-u/0-23vopr/9-1.webp?ts=1759503132" ] ] ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 1705120 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1220} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1438228" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>9. </strong>Сформулируйте закон сохранения импульса.</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "9-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "345" "height" => 73 "path" => "/media/fizika_09/grachev-u/0-23vopr/9-1.webp?ts=1759503132" ] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Element {#1218 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1812804 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1228 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1219 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ …21] #original: array:21 [ …21] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1438228" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p>Закон сохранения импульса – это фундаментальный закон физики, который утверждает, что для любой замкнутой системы тел векторная сумма импульсов всех тел, входящих в эту систему, остаётся постоянной, какие бы взаимодействия ни происходили между телами этой системы.</p><p>Под <strong>замкнутой</strong> (или изолированной) системой понимают такую совокупность тел, на которые не действуют внешние силы, либо векторная сумма всех действующих на систему внешних сил равна нулю. В такой системе изменения импульсов тел происходят только за счёт их взаимодействия друг с другом (внутренних сил).</p><p>Импульс тела (или количество движения) – это векторная физическая величина, равная произведению массы тела $\text{m}$ на его скорость $\vec{v}$:</p><p>$\vec{p} = m\vec{v}$</p><p>Математически закон сохранения импульса для системы из $\text{N}$ тел записывается в виде:</p><p>$\vec{p_1} + \vec{p_2} + \dots + \vec{p_N} = \sum_{i=1}^{N} \vec{p_i} = \text{const}$</p><p>Это означает, что полный импульс системы в начальный момент времени равен полному импульсу системы в любой последующий момент времени. Например, для двух взаимодействующих тел (скажем, при столкновении) закон можно записать так:</p><p>$m_1\vec{v_1} + m_2\vec{v_2} = m_1\vec{u_1} + m_2\vec{u_2}$</p><p>где $m_1, m_2$ – массы тел; $\vec{v_1}, \vec{v_2}$ – скорости тел до взаимодействия; $\vec{u_1}, \vec{u_2}$ – скорости тел после взаимодействия.</p><p>Так как импульс является вектором, то этот закон выполняется для проекций векторов на любую координатную ось. Например, для оси $Ox$:</p><p>$m_1v_{1x} + m_2v_{2x} = m_1u_{1x} + m_2u_{2x}$</p><p>Этот закон является следствием законов Ньютона (в частности, второго и третьего) и широко применяется для анализа столкновений, взрывов, реактивного движения и других процессов.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> В замкнутой системе тел векторная сумма импульсов всех тел, входящих в систему, сохраняется (остаётся постоянной). Это означает, что если на систему тел не действуют внешние силы или их равнодействующая равна нулю, то полный импульс такой системы не изменяется со временем при любых взаимодействиях тел системы между собой.</p>" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1812804 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1228} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1438228" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p>Закон сохранения импульса – это фундаментальный закон физики, который утверждает, что для любой замкнутой системы тел векторная сумма импульсов всех тел, входящих в эту систему, остаётся постоянной, какие бы взаимодействия ни происходили между телами этой системы.</p><p>Под <strong>замкнутой</strong> (или изолированной) системой понимают такую совокупность тел, на которые не действуют внешние силы, либо векторная сумма всех действующих на систему внешних сил равна нулю. В такой системе изменения импульсов тел происходят только за счёт их взаимодействия друг с другом (внутренних сил).</p><p>Импульс тела (или количество движения) – это векторная физическая величина, равная произведению массы тела $\text{m}$ на его скорость $\vec{v}$:</p><p>$\vec{p} = m\vec{v}$</p><p>Математически закон сохранения импульса для системы из $\text{N}$ тел записывается в виде:</p><p>$\vec{p_1} + \vec{p_2} + \dots + \vec{p_N} = \sum_{i=1}^{N} \vec{p_i} = \text{const}$</p><p>Это означает, что полный импульс системы в начальный момент времени равен полному импульсу системы в любой последующий момент времени. Например, для двух взаимодействующих тел (скажем, при столкновении) закон можно записать так:</p><p>$m_1\vec{v_1} + m_2\vec{v_2} = m_1\vec{u_1} + m_2\vec{u_2}$</p><p>где $m_1, m_2$ – массы тел; $\vec{v_1}, \vec{v_2}$ – скорости тел до взаимодействия; $\vec{u_1}, \vec{u_2}$ – скорости тел после взаимодействия.</p><p>Так как импульс является вектором, то этот закон выполняется для проекций векторов на любую координатную ось. Например, для оси $Ox$:</p><p>$m_1v_{1x} + m_2v_{2x} = m_1u_{1x} + m_2u_{2x}$</p><p>Этот закон является следствием законов Ньютона (в частности, второго и третьего) и широко применяется для анализа столкновений, взрывов, реактивного движения и других процессов.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> В замкнутой системе тел векторная сумма импульсов всех тел, входящих в систему, сохраняется (остаётся постоянной). Это означает, что если на систему тел не действуют внешние силы или их равнодействующая равна нулю, то полный импульс такой системы не изменяется со временем при любых взаимодействиях тел системы между собой.</p>" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1438229" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1438227" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1253 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1208 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 1202 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1202 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1203 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ …10] #original: array:10 [ …10] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1210 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1206 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ …6] #original: array:6 [ …6] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1204 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1207 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ …6] #original: array:6 [ …6] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1205 #items: array:3 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1226 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ …12] #original: array:12 [ …12] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 1 => App\Models\Term {#1227 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ …12] #original: array:12 [ …12] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 2 => App\Models\Term {#1229 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ …12] #original: array:12 [ …12] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1230 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1231 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1232 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ …10] #original: array:10 [ …10] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1233 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1234 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ …6] #original: array:6 [ …6] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1235 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1236 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ …6] #original: array:6 [ …6] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1237 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1238 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:8 [ …8] #original: array:8 [ …8] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1239 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1240 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1241 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1242 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ …10] #original: array:10 [ …10] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publication_number" => "2" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1243 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1244 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ …6] #original: array:6 [ …6] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1245 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => "изображено здание и радуга" "field_publication_year" => "2012" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для учащихся общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "580" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/grachev-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-360-07412-0" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_09/grachev-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759082140" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/fizika_09/grachev-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759082140" "alt" => "" "width" => "2294" "height" => "3039" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1246 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1247 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1248 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/grachev-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1249 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1250 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ …6] #original: array:6 [ …6] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 380 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 493 ] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 1202 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1202} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1210} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1204} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1205} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1230} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1231} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1233} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1235} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1237} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1239} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1240} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1241} "field_publication_number" => "2" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1243} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1245} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => "изображено здание и радуга" "field_publication_year" => "2012" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для учащихся общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "580" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/grachev-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-360-07412-0" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_09/grachev-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759082140" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/fizika_09/grachev-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759082140" "alt" => "" "width" => "2294" "height" => "3039" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1246} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1247} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1248} "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/grachev-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1249} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 380 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 493 ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1258 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\BookPage {#1257 #connection: "mysql" #table: "book_pages" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 1437648 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "142" "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/grachev-uchebnik/page-142" "field_display_title" => "142" "field_folder" => "1" "field_image_name" => "142" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1259 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1260 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1208} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1261 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1271 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1270 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ …6] #original: array:6 [ …6] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1437649" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1437647" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1953 #items: array:11 [ 0 => App\Models\Task {#1971 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 1 => App\Models\Task {#1993 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 2 => App\Models\Task {#2016 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 3 => App\Models\Task {#2039 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 4 => App\Models\Task {#2062 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 5 => App\Models\Task {#2085 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 6 => App\Models\Task {#2108 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 7 => App\Models\Task {#2116 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 8 => App\Models\Task {#2128 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 9 => App\Models\Task {#2140 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 10 => App\Models\Task {#2217 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 1437648 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "142" "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/grachev-uchebnik/page-142" "field_display_title" => "142" "field_folder" => "1" "field_image_name" => "142" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1259} "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1260} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1261} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1271} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1437649" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1437647" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1953} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1438228 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "142" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/grachev-uchebnik/23vopr-9" "field_display_title" => "9" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1035} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1076} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1201} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1200} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1438229" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1438227" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1253} "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1437648" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] }
№9 (с. 142)
Условие. №9 (с. 142)
скриншот условия
9. Сформулируйте закон сохранения импульса.
Решение. №9 (с. 142)
Закон сохранения импульса – это фундаментальный закон физики, который утверждает, что для любой замкнутой системы тел векторная сумма импульсов всех тел, входящих в эту систему, остаётся постоянной, какие бы взаимодействия ни происходили между телами этой системы.
Под замкнутой (или изолированной) системой понимают такую совокупность тел, на которые не действуют внешние силы, либо векторная сумма всех действующих на систему внешних сил равна нулю. В такой системе изменения импульсов тел происходят только за счёт их взаимодействия друг с другом (внутренних сил).
Импульс тела (или количество движения) – это векторная физическая величина, равная произведению массы тела $\text{m}$ на его скорость $\vec{v}$:
$\vec{p} = m\vec{v}$
Математически закон сохранения импульса для системы из $\text{N}$ тел записывается в виде:
$\vec{p_1} + \vec{p_2} + \dots + \vec{p_N} = \sum_{i=1}^{N} \vec{p_i} = \text{const}$
Это означает, что полный импульс системы в начальный момент времени равен полному импульсу системы в любой последующий момент времени. Например, для двух взаимодействующих тел (скажем, при столкновении) закон можно записать так:
$m_1\vec{v_1} + m_2\vec{v_2} = m_1\vec{u_1} + m_2\vec{u_2}$
где $m_1, m_2$ – массы тел; $\vec{v_1}, \vec{v_2}$ – скорости тел до взаимодействия; $\vec{u_1}, \vec{u_2}$ – скорости тел после взаимодействия.
Так как импульс является вектором, то этот закон выполняется для проекций векторов на любую координатную ось. Например, для оси $Ox$:
$m_1v_{1x} + m_2v_{2x} = m_1u_{1x} + m_2u_{2x}$
Этот закон является следствием законов Ньютона (в частности, второго и третьего) и широко применяется для анализа столкновений, взрывов, реактивного движения и других процессов.
Ответ: В замкнутой системе тел векторная сумма импульсов всех тел, входящих в систему, сохраняется (остаётся постоянной). Это означает, что если на систему тел не действуют внешние силы или их равнодействующая равна нулю, то полный импульс такой системы не изменяется со временем при любых взаимодействиях тел системы между собой.
Другие задания:
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