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Номер 2, страница 52 - гдз по физике 9 класс учебник Изергин
Авторы: Изергин Э. Т.
Тип: Учебник
Серия: инновационная школа
Издательство: Русское слово
Год издания: 2019 - 2026
Цвет обложки: синий
ISBN: 978-5-533-01069-6
Популярные ГДЗ в 9 классе
Глава II. Динамика. Параграф 11. Импульс. Закон сохранения импульса - номер 2, страница 52.
App\Models\Task {#1030 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1439687 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "52" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/11-2" "field_display_title" => "2" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1036 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1035 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1034 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1439551 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Динамика" "field_branch_order" => "II" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1039 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1038 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "30" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1040 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1041 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 4169 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1042 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1044 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1046 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1048 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1051 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1053 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061 …2} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 9 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "388" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01069-6" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067 …2} "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 4169 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1042 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1044 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1046 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1048 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1051 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1053 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061 …2} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 9 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "388" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01069-6" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067 …2} "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1439551 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Динамика" "field_branch_order" => "II" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1039} "field_page_start" => "30" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1040} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1071 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1439551 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Динамика" "field_branch_order" => "II" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1074 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1072 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "30" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1075 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1076 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 4169 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1077 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1079 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1083 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1085 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1090 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1092 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1094 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1096 …2} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1099 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 9 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "388" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01069-6" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1101 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102 …2} "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1103 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 4169 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1077 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1079 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1083 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1085 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1090 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1092 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1094 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1096 …2} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1099 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 9 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "388" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01069-6" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1101 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102 …2} "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1103 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1105 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1439551 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Динамика" "field_branch_order" => "II" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1074} "field_page_start" => "30" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1075} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1105} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Branch {#1106 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1439556 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Импульс. Закон сохранения импульса" "field_branch_order" => "11" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1107 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1108 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 32 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Параграф" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => "§" ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 32 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Параграф" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => "§" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "47" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1110 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 4169 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1111 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1115 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1117 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1119 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1120 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1122 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1124 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1126 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1128 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1129 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130 …2} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1133 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 9 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "388" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01069-6" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1134 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136 …2} "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 4169 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1111 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1115 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1117 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1119 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1120 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1122 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1124 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1126 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1128 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1129 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130 …2} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1133 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 9 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "388" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01069-6" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1134 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136 …2} "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1140 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1439551 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Динамика" "field_branch_order" => "II" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1141 …2} "field_page_start" => "30" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1143 …2} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144 …2} ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1439551 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Динамика" "field_branch_order" => "II" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1141 …2} "field_page_start" => "30" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1143 …2} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144 …2} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1439556 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Импульс. Закон сохранения импульса" "field_branch_order" => "11" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1107} "field_page_start" => "47" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1156 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 1707245 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1165 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1157 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 6139 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1159 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "stas" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1160 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1161 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1162 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 6139 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1159 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "stas" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1160 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1161 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1162 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1439687" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>2.</strong> Какая система тел называется замкнутой? Существуют ли в природе замкнутые системы тел?</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "2-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1416" "height" => 199 "path" => "/media/fizika_09/izergin-u/0-11/2-1.webp?ts=1759529213" ] ] ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 1707245 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1165} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1439687" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>2.</strong> Какая система тел называется замкнутой? Существуют ли в природе замкнутые системы тел?</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "2-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1416" "height" => 199 "path" => "/media/fizika_09/izergin-u/0-11/2-1.webp?ts=1759529213" ] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Element {#1163 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1813263 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1173 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1164 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 6646 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1167 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1168 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1169 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1170 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 6646 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1167 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1168 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1169 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1170 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1439687" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>1.</strong> Что такое импульс тела?</p><p>Импульс тела, также называемый количеством движения, — это векторная физическая величина, которая является мерой механического движения тела. Импульс определяется как произведение массы тела на его скорость. Математически это выражается формулой: $\vec{p} = m\vec{v}$, где $\vec{p}$ — это вектор импульса, $\text{m}$ — масса тела, а $\vec{v}$ — вектор его скорости. Направление вектора импульса всегда совпадает с направлением вектора скорости. В Международной системе единиц (СИ) импульс измеряется в килограмм-метрах в секунду ($кг \cdot м/с$). Эта величина играет ключевую роль в динамике, особенно в законе сохранения импульса, который гласит, что суммарный импульс замкнутой системы тел остается постоянным.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Импульс тела — это векторная физическая величина, равная произведению массы тела на его скорость, и вычисляемая по формуле $\vec{p} = m\vec{v}$.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Какая система тел называется замкнутой? Существуют ли в природе замкнутые системы тел?</p><p>Замкнутой (или изолированной) системой тел в механике называют такую совокупность тел, на которые не действуют внешние силы, либо векторная сумма всех внешних сил равна нулю (силы скомпенсированы). В такой системе тела взаимодействуют только между собой посредством внутренних сил.</p><p>В строгом смысле, абсолютно замкнутых систем в природе не существует, поскольку любое тело во Вселенной испытывает гравитационное притяжение со стороны других тел. Таким образом, замкнутая система является физической идеализацией, или моделью. Однако эта модель очень полезна и с высокой точностью применима во многих практических задачах. Систему можно считать замкнутой, если: 1) внешние силы пренебрежимо малы по сравнению с внутренними силами (например, при столкновениях или взрывах); 2) время взаимодействия очень короткое, так что импульс внешних сил ($\vec{F}_{внешн} \cdot \Delta t$) не успевает значительно изменить суммарный импульс системы; 3) сумма проекций внешних сил на определенную ось равна нулю (в этом случае сохраняется проекция импульса на эту ось).</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Замкнутая система тел — это система, на которую не действуют внешние силы или их действие взаимно скомпенсировано. Абсолютно замкнутых систем в природе нет, это полезная физическая модель, которая применима, когда внешними воздействиями можно пренебречь.</p>" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1813263 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1173} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1439687" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>1.</strong> Что такое импульс тела?</p><p>Импульс тела, также называемый количеством движения, — это векторная физическая величина, которая является мерой механического движения тела. Импульс определяется как произведение массы тела на его скорость. Математически это выражается формулой: $\vec{p} = m\vec{v}$, где $\vec{p}$ — это вектор импульса, $\text{m}$ — масса тела, а $\vec{v}$ — вектор его скорости. Направление вектора импульса всегда совпадает с направлением вектора скорости. В Международной системе единиц (СИ) импульс измеряется в килограмм-метрах в секунду ($кг \cdot м/с$). Эта величина играет ключевую роль в динамике, особенно в законе сохранения импульса, который гласит, что суммарный импульс замкнутой системы тел остается постоянным.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Импульс тела — это векторная физическая величина, равная произведению массы тела на его скорость, и вычисляемая по формуле $\vec{p} = m\vec{v}$.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Какая система тел называется замкнутой? Существуют ли в природе замкнутые системы тел?</p><p>Замкнутой (или изолированной) системой тел в механике называют такую совокупность тел, на которые не действуют внешние силы, либо векторная сумма всех внешних сил равна нулю (силы скомпенсированы). В такой системе тела взаимодействуют только между собой посредством внутренних сил.</p><p>В строгом смысле, абсолютно замкнутых систем в природе не существует, поскольку любое тело во Вселенной испытывает гравитационное притяжение со стороны других тел. Таким образом, замкнутая система является физической идеализацией, или моделью. Однако эта модель очень полезна и с высокой точностью применима во многих практических задачах. Систему можно считать замкнутой, если: 1) внешние силы пренебрежимо малы по сравнению с внутренними силами (например, при столкновениях или взрывах); 2) время взаимодействия очень короткое, так что импульс внешних сил ($\vec{F}_{внешн} \cdot \Delta t$) не успевает значительно изменить суммарный импульс системы; 3) сумма проекций внешних сил на определенную ось равна нулю (в этом случае сохраняется проекция импульса на эту ось).</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Замкнутая система тел — это система, на которую не действуют внешние силы или их действие взаимно скомпенсировано. Абсолютно замкнутых систем в природе нет, это полезная физическая модель, которая применима, когда внешними воздействиями можно пренебречь.</p>" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1439688" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1439686" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1195 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1153 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 4169 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1147 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1148 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6493 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Физика" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "fizika" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6493 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Физика" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "fizika" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1155 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1151 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5458 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "9" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "devjatyj" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5458 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "9" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "devjatyj" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1149 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1152 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5176 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Русское слово" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "russkoe slovo" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5176 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Русское слово" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "russkoe slovo" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1150 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1171 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 4491 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Изергин" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Эдуард" "field_patronymic" => "Тимофеевич" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 4491 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Изергин" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Эдуард" "field_patronymic" => "Тимофеевич" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1172 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1174 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1175 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6671 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Учебник" "field_book_type_foreign" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_plural_form" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "uchebnik" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6671 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Учебник" "field_book_type_foreign" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_plural_form" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "uchebnik" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1176 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1177 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1178 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1179 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1180 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1181 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:8 [ "id" => 4715 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "инновационная школа" "field_cases" => null "field_foreign_lang_series" => null "field_transcription_eng" => null "field_translit" => "innovacionnaya shkola" ] #original: array:8 [ "id" => 4715 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "инновационная школа" "field_cases" => null "field_foreign_lang_series" => null "field_transcription_eng" => null "field_translit" => "innovacionnaya shkola" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1182 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1183 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1184 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1185 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6706 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "ФГОС (старый)" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_color" => null "field_end_year" => "2022" "field_start_year" => "2019" "field_translit" => "fgos-old" "field_type" => null ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6706 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "ФГОС (старый)" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_color" => null "field_end_year" => "2022" "field_start_year" => "2019" "field_translit" => "fgos-old" "field_type" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1186 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1187 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 9 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "388" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01069-6" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_09/izergin-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759162386" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/fizika_09/izergin-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759162386" "alt" => "" "width" => "1881" "height" => "2502" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1188 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1189 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1190 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1191 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1192 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 49 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "синий" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "siniy" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 49 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "синий" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "siniy" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 380 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 493 ] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 4169 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => 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"field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 9 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "388" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01069-6" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_09/izergin-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759162386" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/fizika_09/izergin-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759162386" "alt" => "" "width" => "1881" "height" => "2502" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1188} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1189} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1190} "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1191} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 380 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 493 ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1200 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\BookPage {#1199 #connection: "mysql" #table: "book_pages" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 1439370 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "52" "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/page-52" "field_display_title" => "52" "field_folder" => "1" "field_image_name" => "52" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1201 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1202 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1153} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1203 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1213 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1212 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1707608 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1214 …2} "book_page" => array:2 [ …2] "img" => array:1 [ …1] ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1707608 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1214 …2} "book_page" => array:2 [ …2] "img" => array:1 [ …1] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1439371" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1439369" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1772 #items: array:10 [ 0 => App\Models\Task {#1788 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1439686 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "52" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/11-1" "field_display_title" => "1" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1789 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1790 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1791 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1792 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1794 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1800 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1439686 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "52" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/11-1" "field_display_title" => "1" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1789 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1790 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1791 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1792 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1794 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1800 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Task {#1795 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1439687 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "52" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/11-2" "field_display_title" => "2" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1793 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1802 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1798 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1796 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1799 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1797 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1439687 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "52" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/11-2" "field_display_title" => "2" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1793 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1802 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1798 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1796 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1799 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1797 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 2 => App\Models\Task {#1807 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1439688 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "52" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/11-3" "field_display_title" => "3" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1808 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1809 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1810 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1811 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1813 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1819 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 3 => App\Models\Task {#1814 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 4 => App\Models\Task {#1826 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 5 => App\Models\Task {#1853 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 6 => App\Models\Task {#1876 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 7 => App\Models\Task {#1899 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 8 => App\Models\Task {#1922 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 9 => App\Models\Task {#1945 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 1439370 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "52" "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/page-52" "field_display_title" => "52" "field_folder" => "1" "field_image_name" => "52" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1201} "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1202} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1203} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1213} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1439371" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1439369" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1772} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1439687 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "52" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/11-2" "field_display_title" => "2" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1035} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1439688" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1439686" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1195} "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1439370" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] }
№2 (с. 52)
Условие. №2 (с. 52)
скриншот условия
2. Какая система тел называется замкнутой? Существуют ли в природе замкнутые системы тел?
Решение. №2 (с. 52)
1. Что такое импульс тела?
Импульс тела, также называемый количеством движения, — это векторная физическая величина, которая является мерой механического движения тела. Импульс определяется как произведение массы тела на его скорость. Математически это выражается формулой: $\vec{p} = m\vec{v}$, где $\vec{p}$ — это вектор импульса, $\text{m}$ — масса тела, а $\vec{v}$ — вектор его скорости. Направление вектора импульса всегда совпадает с направлением вектора скорости. В Международной системе единиц (СИ) импульс измеряется в килограмм-метрах в секунду ($кг \cdot м/с$). Эта величина играет ключевую роль в динамике, особенно в законе сохранения импульса, который гласит, что суммарный импульс замкнутой системы тел остается постоянным.
Ответ: Импульс тела — это векторная физическая величина, равная произведению массы тела на его скорость, и вычисляемая по формуле $\vec{p} = m\vec{v}$.
2. Какая система тел называется замкнутой? Существуют ли в природе замкнутые системы тел?
Замкнутой (или изолированной) системой тел в механике называют такую совокупность тел, на которые не действуют внешние силы, либо векторная сумма всех внешних сил равна нулю (силы скомпенсированы). В такой системе тела взаимодействуют только между собой посредством внутренних сил.
В строгом смысле, абсолютно замкнутых систем в природе не существует, поскольку любое тело во Вселенной испытывает гравитационное притяжение со стороны других тел. Таким образом, замкнутая система является физической идеализацией, или моделью. Однако эта модель очень полезна и с высокой точностью применима во многих практических задачах. Систему можно считать замкнутой, если: 1) внешние силы пренебрежимо малы по сравнению с внутренними силами (например, при столкновениях или взрывах); 2) время взаимодействия очень короткое, так что импульс внешних сил ($\vec{F}_{внешн} \cdot \Delta t$) не успевает значительно изменить суммарный импульс системы; 3) сумма проекций внешних сил на определенную ось равна нулю (в этом случае сохраняется проекция импульса на эту ось).
Ответ: Замкнутая система тел — это система, на которую не действуют внешние силы или их действие взаимно скомпенсировано. Абсолютно замкнутых систем в природе нет, это полезная физическая модель, которая применима, когда внешними воздействиями можно пренебречь.
Другие задания:
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