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Номер 7, страница 95 - гдз по физике 9 класс учебник Изергин
Авторы: Изергин Э. Т.
Тип: Учебник
Серия: инновационная школа
Издательство: Русское слово
Год издания: 2019 - 2026
Цвет обложки: синий
ISBN: 978-5-533-01069-6
Популярные ГДЗ в 9 классе
Глава III. Механические колебания и волны. Параграф 19. Период механических колебаний - номер 7, страница 95.
App\Models\Task {#1030 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1439764 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "95" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/19-7" "field_display_title" => "7" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1036 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1035 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1034 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1439560 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Механические колебания и волны" "field_branch_order" => "III" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1039 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1038 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "67" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1040 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1041 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 4169 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1042 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1044 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1046 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1048 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1051 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1053 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061 …2} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 9 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "388" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01069-6" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067 …2} "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 4169 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1042 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1044 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1046 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1048 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1051 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1053 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061 …2} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 9 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "388" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01069-6" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067 …2} "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1439560 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Механические колебания и волны" "field_branch_order" => "III" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1039} "field_page_start" => "67" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1040} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1174 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1071 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1439560 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Механические колебания и волны" "field_branch_order" => "III" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1074 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1072 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "67" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1075 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1076 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 4169 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1077 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1079 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1083 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1085 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1090 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1092 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1094 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1096 …2} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1099 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 9 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "388" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01069-6" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1101 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102 …2} "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1103 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 4169 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1077 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1079 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1083 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1085 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1090 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1092 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1094 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1096 …2} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1099 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 9 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "388" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01069-6" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1101 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102 …2} "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1103 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1105 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1439560 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Механические колебания и волны" "field_branch_order" => "III" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1074} "field_page_start" => "67" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1075} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1105} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Branch {#1106 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1439566 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Период механических колебаний" "field_branch_order" => "19" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1107 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1108 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 32 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Параграф" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => "§" ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 32 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Параграф" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => "§" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "91" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1110 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 4169 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1111 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1115 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1117 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1119 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1120 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1122 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1124 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1126 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1128 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1129 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130 …2} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1133 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 9 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "388" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01069-6" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1134 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136 …2} "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 4169 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1111 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1115 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1117 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1119 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1120 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1122 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1124 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1126 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1128 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1129 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130 …2} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1133 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 9 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "388" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01069-6" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1134 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136 …2} "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1140 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1439560 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Механические колебания и волны" "field_branch_order" => "III" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1141 …2} "field_page_start" => "67" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1143 …2} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1173 …2} ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1439560 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Механические колебания и волны" "field_branch_order" => "III" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1141 …2} "field_page_start" => "67" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1143 …2} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1173 …2} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1439566 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Период механических колебаний" "field_branch_order" => "19" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1107} "field_page_start" => "91" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1175 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1185 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 1707310 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1194 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1186 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 6139 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1188 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "stas" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1189 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1190 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1191 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 6139 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1188 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "stas" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1189 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1190 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1191 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1439764" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>7*.</strong> Выполните экспериментальные задания 8 и 10 (с. 216—217).</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "7-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1418" "height" => 206 "path" => "/media/fizika_09/izergin-u/0-19/7-1.webp?ts=1759529230" ] ] ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 1707310 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1194} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1439764" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>7*.</strong> Выполните экспериментальные задания 8 и 10 (с. 216—217).</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "7-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1418" "height" => 206 "path" => "/media/fizika_09/izergin-u/0-19/7-1.webp?ts=1759529230" ] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Element {#1192 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1813328 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1202 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1193 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 6646 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1196 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1197 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1198 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1199 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 6646 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1196 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1197 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1198 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1199 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1439764" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p>Поскольку текст задания отсылает к конкретным страницам учебника, которые недоступны, ниже приведено решение двух типичных экспериментальных заданий по физике из разделов «Электричество» и «Оптика», которые могли бы соответствовать указанным номерам.</p><p><strong>Экспериментальное задание 8. Определение ЭДС и внутреннего сопротивления источника тока.</strong></p><p><strong>Цель работы:</strong> экспериментально определить электродвижущую силу (ЭДС) и внутреннее сопротивление источника постоянного тока.</p><p><strong>Оборудование:</strong> источник тока (например, батарейка), амперметр, вольтметр, реостат (переменное сопротивление), ключ, соединительные провода.</p><p><strong>Ход работы:</strong></p><p><strong>1.</strong> Собрать электрическую цепь по схеме: последовательно соединить источник тока, ключ, амперметр и реостат. Параллельно клеммам источника тока подключить вольтметр.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Замкнуть цепь и с помощью реостата установить некоторое значение силы тока $I_1$. Записать показания амперметра $I_1$ и вольтметра $U_1$.</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Изменить сопротивление реостата, чтобы получить новое значение силы тока $I_2$. Записать показания амперметра $I_2$ и вольтметра $U_2$.</p><p><strong>4.</strong> Для повышения точности провести измерения еще несколько раз, получая пары значений $(I_i, U_i)$.</p><p><strong>5.</strong> Используя закон Ома для полной цепи, рассчитать ЭДС ($\mathcal{E}$) и внутреннее сопротивление ($\text{r}$) источника.</p><p><strong>Теория и расчетные формулы:</strong></p><p>Закон Ома для полной цепи имеет вид: $I = \frac{\mathcal{E}}{R+r}$, где $\text{I}$ — сила тока, $\mathcal{E}$ — ЭДС источника, $\text{R}$ — сопротивление внешней цепи, $\text{r}$ — внутреннее сопротивление источника.</p><p>Напряжение на внешнем участке цепи (показания вольтметра) равно $U = I \cdot R$. Тогда закон Ома можно переписать в виде: $\mathcal{E} = I(R+r) = IR + Ir = U + Ir$.</p><p>Для двух измерений можно составить систему уравнений:</p><p>$\mathcal{E} = U_1 + I_1 r$</p><p>$\mathcal{E} = U_2 + I_2 r$</p><p>Решая эту систему, получаем формулы для расчета:</p><p>$r = \frac{U_1 - U_2}{I_2 - I_1}$</p><p>$\mathcal{E} = U_1 + I_1 \cdot r$ (или $\mathcal{E} = U_2 + I_2 \cdot r$)</p><p><strong>Пример выполнения расчетов:</strong></p><p>Пусть в ходе эксперимента были получены следующие данные.</p><p><strong>Дано:</strong></p><p>$I_1 = 0.5$ А</p><p>$U_1 = 1.35$ В</p><p>$I_2 = 1.0$ А</p><p>$U_2 = 1.20$ В</p><p><strong>Найти:</strong></p><p>$r - ?$</p><p>$\mathcal{E} - ?$</p><p><strong>Решение:</strong></p><p><strong>1.</strong> Рассчитаем внутреннее сопротивление источника:</p><p>$r = \frac{U_1 - U_2}{I_2 - I_1} = \frac{1.35 \text{ В} - 1.20 \text{ В}}{1.0 \text{ А} - 0.5 \text{ А}} = \frac{0.15 \text{ В}}{0.5 \text{ А}} = 0.3$ Ом.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Рассчитаем ЭДС источника, используя данные первого измерения:</p><p>$\mathcal{E} = U_1 + I_1 r = 1.35 \text{ В} + 0.5 \text{ А} \cdot 0.3 \text{ Ом} = 1.35 \text{ В} + 0.15 \text{ В} = 1.5$ В.</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Для проверки можно рассчитать ЭДС по данным второго измерения:</p><p>$\mathcal{E} = U_2 + I_2 r = 1.20 \text{ В} + 1.0 \text{ А} \cdot 0.3 \text{ Ом} = 1.20 \text{ В} + 0.30 \text{ В} = 1.5$ В.</p><p>Результаты совпадают.</p><p><strong>Вывод:</strong> В ходе выполненной работы были определены параметры источника тока. Его внутреннее сопротивление составило $r = 0.3$ Ом, а ЭДС $\mathcal{E} = 1.5$ В.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> $r = 0.3$ Ом, $\mathcal{E} = 1.5$ В.</p><p><strong>Экспериментальное задание 10. Определение показателя преломления стекла.</strong></p><p><strong>Цель работы:</strong> экспериментально определить показатель преломления света для стекла.</p><p><strong>Оборудование:</strong> стеклянная плоскопараллельная пластинка, лист бумаги, карандаш, линейка, транспортир, 4 булавки.</p><p><strong>Ход работы:</strong></p><p><strong>1.</strong> Положить стеклянную пластинку на чистый лист бумаги и обвести её контур карандашом.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Провести через одну из длинных сторон контура прямую $MN$ (нормаль), перпендикулярную этой стороне. Точку пересечения нормали с контуром обозначить $\text{O}$.</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Начертить падающий луч $AO$, образующий с нормалью $MN$ произвольный угол падения $\alpha$ (рекомендуется 30-60°).</p><p><strong>4.</strong> Вдоль луча $AO$ воткнуть две булавки (1 и 2) на некотором расстоянии друг от друга.</p><p><strong>5.</strong> Приложить пластинку обратно к начерченному контуру.</p><p><strong>6.</strong> Глядя сквозь пластинку с противоположной стороны, найти такое положение глаза, чтобы булавки 1 и 2 оказались на одной линии. Вдоль этой линии видимости воткнуть еще две булавки (3 и 4) так, чтобы все четыре булавки (две реальные и два изображения первых двух) оказались на одной прямой.</p><p><strong>7.</strong> Убрать пластинку и булавки. Провести прямую $BK$ через проколы от булавок 3 и 4. Это вышедший из пластинки луч.</p><p><strong>8.</strong> Соединить точку падения $\text{O}$ с точкой выхода луча из пластинки $\text{B}$. Отрезок $OB$ – это ход луча внутри стекла.</p><p><strong>9.</strong> Измерить транспортиром угол падения $\alpha$ (между лучом $AO$ и нормалью $MN$) и угол преломления $\beta$ (между лучом $OB$ и нормалью $MN$).</p><p><strong>10.</strong> Рассчитать абсолютный показатель преломления стекла $\text{n}$ по закону Снеллиуса.</p><p><strong>Теория и расчетные формулы:</strong></p><p>Согласно закону преломления света, отношение синуса угла падения к синусу угла преломления есть величина постоянная для двух данных сред, равная относительному показателю преломления:</p><p>$\frac{\sin \alpha}{\sin \beta} = n$</p><p>где $\alpha$ — угол падения, $\beta$ — угол преломления, $\text{n}$ — показатель преломления стекла относительно воздуха (поскольку показатель преломления воздуха близок к 1, $\text{n}$ можно считать абсолютным показателем преломления стекла).</p><p><strong>Пример выполнения расчетов:</strong></p><p>Пусть в ходе эксперимента были получены следующие данные.</p><p><strong>Дано:</strong></p><p>Угол падения $\alpha = 50^\circ$</p><p>Измеренный угол преломления $\beta = 31^\circ$</p><p><strong>Найти:</strong></p><p>$n - ?$</p><p><strong>Решение:</strong></p><p><strong>1.</strong> Находим значения синусов для измеренных углов:</p><p>$\sin \alpha = \sin 50^\circ \approx 0.766$</p><p>$\sin \beta = \sin 31^\circ \approx 0.515$</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Рассчитываем показатель преломления стекла:</p><p>$n = \frac{\sin \alpha}{\sin \beta} = \frac{0.766}{0.515} \approx 1.49$</p><p><strong>Вывод:</strong> В ходе лабораторной работы был экспериментально определен показатель преломления стекла. Полученное значение $n \approx 1.49$ близко к табличному значению для многих сортов стекла (около 1.5). Возможные погрешности связаны с неточностью построений и измерений углов.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> $n \approx 1.49$.</p>" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1813328 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1202} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1439764" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p>Поскольку текст задания отсылает к конкретным страницам учебника, которые недоступны, ниже приведено решение двух типичных экспериментальных заданий по физике из разделов «Электричество» и «Оптика», которые могли бы соответствовать указанным номерам.</p><p><strong>Экспериментальное задание 8. Определение ЭДС и внутреннего сопротивления источника тока.</strong></p><p><strong>Цель работы:</strong> экспериментально определить электродвижущую силу (ЭДС) и внутреннее сопротивление источника постоянного тока.</p><p><strong>Оборудование:</strong> источник тока (например, батарейка), амперметр, вольтметр, реостат (переменное сопротивление), ключ, соединительные провода.</p><p><strong>Ход работы:</strong></p><p><strong>1.</strong> Собрать электрическую цепь по схеме: последовательно соединить источник тока, ключ, амперметр и реостат. Параллельно клеммам источника тока подключить вольтметр.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Замкнуть цепь и с помощью реостата установить некоторое значение силы тока $I_1$. Записать показания амперметра $I_1$ и вольтметра $U_1$.</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Изменить сопротивление реостата, чтобы получить новое значение силы тока $I_2$. Записать показания амперметра $I_2$ и вольтметра $U_2$.</p><p><strong>4.</strong> Для повышения точности провести измерения еще несколько раз, получая пары значений $(I_i, U_i)$.</p><p><strong>5.</strong> Используя закон Ома для полной цепи, рассчитать ЭДС ($\mathcal{E}$) и внутреннее сопротивление ($\text{r}$) источника.</p><p><strong>Теория и расчетные формулы:</strong></p><p>Закон Ома для полной цепи имеет вид: $I = \frac{\mathcal{E}}{R+r}$, где $\text{I}$ — сила тока, $\mathcal{E}$ — ЭДС источника, $\text{R}$ — сопротивление внешней цепи, $\text{r}$ — внутреннее сопротивление источника.</p><p>Напряжение на внешнем участке цепи (показания вольтметра) равно $U = I \cdot R$. Тогда закон Ома можно переписать в виде: $\mathcal{E} = I(R+r) = IR + Ir = U + Ir$.</p><p>Для двух измерений можно составить систему уравнений:</p><p>$\mathcal{E} = U_1 + I_1 r$</p><p>$\mathcal{E} = U_2 + I_2 r$</p><p>Решая эту систему, получаем формулы для расчета:</p><p>$r = \frac{U_1 - U_2}{I_2 - I_1}$</p><p>$\mathcal{E} = U_1 + I_1 \cdot r$ (или $\mathcal{E} = U_2 + I_2 \cdot r$)</p><p><strong>Пример выполнения расчетов:</strong></p><p>Пусть в ходе эксперимента были получены следующие данные.</p><p><strong>Дано:</strong></p><p>$I_1 = 0.5$ А</p><p>$U_1 = 1.35$ В</p><p>$I_2 = 1.0$ А</p><p>$U_2 = 1.20$ В</p><p><strong>Найти:</strong></p><p>$r - ?$</p><p>$\mathcal{E} - ?$</p><p><strong>Решение:</strong></p><p><strong>1.</strong> Рассчитаем внутреннее сопротивление источника:</p><p>$r = \frac{U_1 - U_2}{I_2 - I_1} = \frac{1.35 \text{ В} - 1.20 \text{ В}}{1.0 \text{ А} - 0.5 \text{ А}} = \frac{0.15 \text{ В}}{0.5 \text{ А}} = 0.3$ Ом.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Рассчитаем ЭДС источника, используя данные первого измерения:</p><p>$\mathcal{E} = U_1 + I_1 r = 1.35 \text{ В} + 0.5 \text{ А} \cdot 0.3 \text{ Ом} = 1.35 \text{ В} + 0.15 \text{ В} = 1.5$ В.</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Для проверки можно рассчитать ЭДС по данным второго измерения:</p><p>$\mathcal{E} = U_2 + I_2 r = 1.20 \text{ В} + 1.0 \text{ А} \cdot 0.3 \text{ Ом} = 1.20 \text{ В} + 0.30 \text{ В} = 1.5$ В.</p><p>Результаты совпадают.</p><p><strong>Вывод:</strong> В ходе выполненной работы были определены параметры источника тока. Его внутреннее сопротивление составило $r = 0.3$ Ом, а ЭДС $\mathcal{E} = 1.5$ В.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> $r = 0.3$ Ом, $\mathcal{E} = 1.5$ В.</p><p><strong>Экспериментальное задание 10. Определение показателя преломления стекла.</strong></p><p><strong>Цель работы:</strong> экспериментально определить показатель преломления света для стекла.</p><p><strong>Оборудование:</strong> стеклянная плоскопараллельная пластинка, лист бумаги, карандаш, линейка, транспортир, 4 булавки.</p><p><strong>Ход работы:</strong></p><p><strong>1.</strong> Положить стеклянную пластинку на чистый лист бумаги и обвести её контур карандашом.</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Провести через одну из длинных сторон контура прямую $MN$ (нормаль), перпендикулярную этой стороне. Точку пересечения нормали с контуром обозначить $\text{O}$.</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Начертить падающий луч $AO$, образующий с нормалью $MN$ произвольный угол падения $\alpha$ (рекомендуется 30-60°).</p><p><strong>4.</strong> Вдоль луча $AO$ воткнуть две булавки (1 и 2) на некотором расстоянии друг от друга.</p><p><strong>5.</strong> Приложить пластинку обратно к начерченному контуру.</p><p><strong>6.</strong> Глядя сквозь пластинку с противоположной стороны, найти такое положение глаза, чтобы булавки 1 и 2 оказались на одной линии. Вдоль этой линии видимости воткнуть еще две булавки (3 и 4) так, чтобы все четыре булавки (две реальные и два изображения первых двух) оказались на одной прямой.</p><p><strong>7.</strong> Убрать пластинку и булавки. Провести прямую $BK$ через проколы от булавок 3 и 4. Это вышедший из пластинки луч.</p><p><strong>8.</strong> Соединить точку падения $\text{O}$ с точкой выхода луча из пластинки $\text{B}$. Отрезок $OB$ – это ход луча внутри стекла.</p><p><strong>9.</strong> Измерить транспортиром угол падения $\alpha$ (между лучом $AO$ и нормалью $MN$) и угол преломления $\beta$ (между лучом $OB$ и нормалью $MN$).</p><p><strong>10.</strong> Рассчитать абсолютный показатель преломления стекла $\text{n}$ по закону Снеллиуса.</p><p><strong>Теория и расчетные формулы:</strong></p><p>Согласно закону преломления света, отношение синуса угла падения к синусу угла преломления есть величина постоянная для двух данных сред, равная относительному показателю преломления:</p><p>$\frac{\sin \alpha}{\sin \beta} = n$</p><p>где $\alpha$ — угол падения, $\beta$ — угол преломления, $\text{n}$ — показатель преломления стекла относительно воздуха (поскольку показатель преломления воздуха близок к 1, $\text{n}$ можно считать абсолютным показателем преломления стекла).</p><p><strong>Пример выполнения расчетов:</strong></p><p>Пусть в ходе эксперимента были получены следующие данные.</p><p><strong>Дано:</strong></p><p>Угол падения $\alpha = 50^\circ$</p><p>Измеренный угол преломления $\beta = 31^\circ$</p><p><strong>Найти:</strong></p><p>$n - ?$</p><p><strong>Решение:</strong></p><p><strong>1.</strong> Находим значения синусов для измеренных углов:</p><p>$\sin \alpha = \sin 50^\circ \approx 0.766$</p><p>$\sin \beta = \sin 31^\circ \approx 0.515$</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Рассчитываем показатель преломления стекла:</p><p>$n = \frac{\sin \alpha}{\sin \beta} = \frac{0.766}{0.515} \approx 1.49$</p><p><strong>Вывод:</strong> В ходе лабораторной работы был экспериментально определен показатель преломления стекла. Полученное значение $n \approx 1.49$ близко к табличному значению для многих сортов стекла (около 1.5). Возможные погрешности связаны с неточностью построений и измерений углов.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> $n \approx 1.49$.</p>" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1439765" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1439763" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1224 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1182 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 4169 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null 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"technical_subject" "field_translit" => "fizika" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1184 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1180 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5458 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "9" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "devjatyj" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5458 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "9" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "devjatyj" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1178 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1181 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5176 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Русское слово" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "russkoe slovo" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5176 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Русское слово" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "russkoe slovo" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1179 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1200 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 4491 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Изергин" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Эдуард" "field_patronymic" => "Тимофеевич" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 4491 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Изергин" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Эдуард" "field_patronymic" => "Тимофеевич" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1201 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1203 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1204 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6671 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Учебник" "field_book_type_foreign" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_plural_form" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "uchebnik" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6671 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Учебник" "field_book_type_foreign" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_plural_form" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "uchebnik" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1205 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1206 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1207 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1208 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1209 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1210 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:8 [ "id" => 4715 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "инновационная школа" "field_cases" => null "field_foreign_lang_series" => null "field_transcription_eng" => null "field_translit" => "innovacionnaya shkola" ] #original: array:8 [ "id" => 4715 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "инновационная школа" "field_cases" => null "field_foreign_lang_series" => null "field_transcription_eng" => null "field_translit" => "innovacionnaya shkola" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1211 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1212 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1213 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1214 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6706 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "ФГОС (старый)" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_color" => null "field_end_year" => "2022" "field_start_year" => "2019" "field_translit" => "fgos-old" "field_type" => null ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6706 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "ФГОС (старый)" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_color" => null "field_end_year" => "2022" "field_start_year" => "2019" "field_translit" => "fgos-old" "field_type" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1215 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1216 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 9 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "388" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01069-6" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_09/izergin-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759162386" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/fizika_09/izergin-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759162386" "alt" => "" "width" => "1881" "height" => "2502" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1217 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1218 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1219 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1220 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1221 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 49 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "синий" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "siniy" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 49 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "синий" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "siniy" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 380 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 493 ] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 4169 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1176} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1184} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1178} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1179} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1201} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1203} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1205} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1207} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1209} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1211} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1212} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1213} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1215} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1216} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 9 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "388" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01069-6" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_09/izergin-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759162386" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/fizika_09/izergin-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759162386" "alt" => "" "width" => "1881" "height" => "2502" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1217} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1218} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1219} "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1220} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 380 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 493 ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1229 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\BookPage {#1228 #connection: "mysql" #table: "book_pages" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 1439413 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "95" "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/page-95" "field_display_title" => "95" "field_folder" => "1" "field_image_name" => "95" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1230 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1231 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1182} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1232 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1242 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1241 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1707651 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1243 …2} "book_page" => array:2 [ …2] "img" => array:1 [ …1] ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1707651 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1243 …2} "book_page" => array:2 [ …2] "img" => array:1 [ …1] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1439414" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1439412" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1816 #items: array:6 [ 0 => App\Models\Task {#1828 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1439759 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "95" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/19-2" "field_display_title" => "2" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1829 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1830 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1831 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1832 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1849 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1851 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1439759 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "95" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/19-2" "field_display_title" => "2" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1829 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1830 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1831 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1832 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1849 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1851 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Task {#1850 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1439760 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "95" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/19-3" "field_display_title" => "3" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1852 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1853 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1854 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1855 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1872 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1874 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1439760 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "95" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/19-3" "field_display_title" => "3" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1852 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1853 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1854 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1855 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1872 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1874 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null 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№7 (с. 95)
Условие. №7 (с. 95)
скриншот условия
7*. Выполните экспериментальные задания 8 и 10 (с. 216—217).
Решение. №7 (с. 95)
Поскольку текст задания отсылает к конкретным страницам учебника, которые недоступны, ниже приведено решение двух типичных экспериментальных заданий по физике из разделов «Электричество» и «Оптика», которые могли бы соответствовать указанным номерам.
Экспериментальное задание 8. Определение ЭДС и внутреннего сопротивления источника тока.
Цель работы: экспериментально определить электродвижущую силу (ЭДС) и внутреннее сопротивление источника постоянного тока.
Оборудование: источник тока (например, батарейка), амперметр, вольтметр, реостат (переменное сопротивление), ключ, соединительные провода.
Ход работы:
1. Собрать электрическую цепь по схеме: последовательно соединить источник тока, ключ, амперметр и реостат. Параллельно клеммам источника тока подключить вольтметр.
2. Замкнуть цепь и с помощью реостата установить некоторое значение силы тока $I_1$. Записать показания амперметра $I_1$ и вольтметра $U_1$.
3. Изменить сопротивление реостата, чтобы получить новое значение силы тока $I_2$. Записать показания амперметра $I_2$ и вольтметра $U_2$.
4. Для повышения точности провести измерения еще несколько раз, получая пары значений $(I_i, U_i)$.
5. Используя закон Ома для полной цепи, рассчитать ЭДС ($\mathcal{E}$) и внутреннее сопротивление ($\text{r}$) источника.
Теория и расчетные формулы:
Закон Ома для полной цепи имеет вид: $I = \frac{\mathcal{E}}{R+r}$, где $\text{I}$ — сила тока, $\mathcal{E}$ — ЭДС источника, $\text{R}$ — сопротивление внешней цепи, $\text{r}$ — внутреннее сопротивление источника.
Напряжение на внешнем участке цепи (показания вольтметра) равно $U = I \cdot R$. Тогда закон Ома можно переписать в виде: $\mathcal{E} = I(R+r) = IR + Ir = U + Ir$.
Для двух измерений можно составить систему уравнений:
$\mathcal{E} = U_1 + I_1 r$
$\mathcal{E} = U_2 + I_2 r$
Решая эту систему, получаем формулы для расчета:
$r = \frac{U_1 - U_2}{I_2 - I_1}$
$\mathcal{E} = U_1 + I_1 \cdot r$ (или $\mathcal{E} = U_2 + I_2 \cdot r$)
Пример выполнения расчетов:
Пусть в ходе эксперимента были получены следующие данные.
Дано:
$I_1 = 0.5$ А
$U_1 = 1.35$ В
$I_2 = 1.0$ А
$U_2 = 1.20$ В
Найти:
$r - ?$
$\mathcal{E} - ?$
Решение:
1. Рассчитаем внутреннее сопротивление источника:
$r = \frac{U_1 - U_2}{I_2 - I_1} = \frac{1.35 \text{ В} - 1.20 \text{ В}}{1.0 \text{ А} - 0.5 \text{ А}} = \frac{0.15 \text{ В}}{0.5 \text{ А}} = 0.3$ Ом.
2. Рассчитаем ЭДС источника, используя данные первого измерения:
$\mathcal{E} = U_1 + I_1 r = 1.35 \text{ В} + 0.5 \text{ А} \cdot 0.3 \text{ Ом} = 1.35 \text{ В} + 0.15 \text{ В} = 1.5$ В.
3. Для проверки можно рассчитать ЭДС по данным второго измерения:
$\mathcal{E} = U_2 + I_2 r = 1.20 \text{ В} + 1.0 \text{ А} \cdot 0.3 \text{ Ом} = 1.20 \text{ В} + 0.30 \text{ В} = 1.5$ В.
Результаты совпадают.
Вывод: В ходе выполненной работы были определены параметры источника тока. Его внутреннее сопротивление составило $r = 0.3$ Ом, а ЭДС $\mathcal{E} = 1.5$ В.
Ответ: $r = 0.3$ Ом, $\mathcal{E} = 1.5$ В.
Экспериментальное задание 10. Определение показателя преломления стекла.
Цель работы: экспериментально определить показатель преломления света для стекла.
Оборудование: стеклянная плоскопараллельная пластинка, лист бумаги, карандаш, линейка, транспортир, 4 булавки.
Ход работы:
1. Положить стеклянную пластинку на чистый лист бумаги и обвести её контур карандашом.
2. Провести через одну из длинных сторон контура прямую $MN$ (нормаль), перпендикулярную этой стороне. Точку пересечения нормали с контуром обозначить $\text{O}$.
3. Начертить падающий луч $AO$, образующий с нормалью $MN$ произвольный угол падения $\alpha$ (рекомендуется 30-60°).
4. Вдоль луча $AO$ воткнуть две булавки (1 и 2) на некотором расстоянии друг от друга.
5. Приложить пластинку обратно к начерченному контуру.
6. Глядя сквозь пластинку с противоположной стороны, найти такое положение глаза, чтобы булавки 1 и 2 оказались на одной линии. Вдоль этой линии видимости воткнуть еще две булавки (3 и 4) так, чтобы все четыре булавки (две реальные и два изображения первых двух) оказались на одной прямой.
7. Убрать пластинку и булавки. Провести прямую $BK$ через проколы от булавок 3 и 4. Это вышедший из пластинки луч.
8. Соединить точку падения $\text{O}$ с точкой выхода луча из пластинки $\text{B}$. Отрезок $OB$ – это ход луча внутри стекла.
9. Измерить транспортиром угол падения $\alpha$ (между лучом $AO$ и нормалью $MN$) и угол преломления $\beta$ (между лучом $OB$ и нормалью $MN$).
10. Рассчитать абсолютный показатель преломления стекла $\text{n}$ по закону Снеллиуса.
Теория и расчетные формулы:
Согласно закону преломления света, отношение синуса угла падения к синусу угла преломления есть величина постоянная для двух данных сред, равная относительному показателю преломления:
$\frac{\sin \alpha}{\sin \beta} = n$
где $\alpha$ — угол падения, $\beta$ — угол преломления, $\text{n}$ — показатель преломления стекла относительно воздуха (поскольку показатель преломления воздуха близок к 1, $\text{n}$ можно считать абсолютным показателем преломления стекла).
Пример выполнения расчетов:
Пусть в ходе эксперимента были получены следующие данные.
Дано:
Угол падения $\alpha = 50^\circ$
Измеренный угол преломления $\beta = 31^\circ$
Найти:
$n - ?$
Решение:
1. Находим значения синусов для измеренных углов:
$\sin \alpha = \sin 50^\circ \approx 0.766$
$\sin \beta = \sin 31^\circ \approx 0.515$
2. Рассчитываем показатель преломления стекла:
$n = \frac{\sin \alpha}{\sin \beta} = \frac{0.766}{0.515} \approx 1.49$
Вывод: В ходе лабораторной работы был экспериментально определен показатель преломления стекла. Полученное значение $n \approx 1.49$ близко к табличному значению для многих сортов стекла (около 1.5). Возможные погрешности связаны с неточностью построений и измерений углов.
Ответ: $n \approx 1.49$.
Другие задания:
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