Номер 6, страница 65 - гдз по физике 9 класс учебник Изергин

Физика, 9 класс Учебник, автор: Изергин Эдуард Тимофеевич, издательство Русское слово, Москва, 2019

Авторы: Изергин Э. Т.

Тип: Учебник

Серия: инновационная школа

Издательство: Русское слово

Год издания: 2019 - 2026

Цвет обложки: синий

ISBN: 978-5-533-01069-6

Глава II. Динамика. Проверим свои знания по теме главы II - номер 6, страница 65.

App\Models\Task {#1030 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php
  #connection: "mysql"
  #table: "tasks"
  #primaryKey: "id"
  #keyType: "int"
  +incrementing: true
  #with: []
  #withCount: []
  +preventsLazyLoading: false
  #perPage: 15
  +exists: true
  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
  #attributes: array:24 [
    "id" => 1439723
    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
    "updated_at" => null
    "field_page_start" => "65"
    "field_page_end" => null
    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/glav2-6"
    "field_display_title" => "6"
    "field_outside_task" => null
    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037
      #items: array:1 [
        0 => App\Models\Term {#1036
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "terms"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: false
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:6 [
            "id" => 26
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "name" => "номер"
            "field_cases" => array:6 [
              "field_accusative_case" => "номер"
              "field_creative_case" => "номером"
              "field_dative_case" => "номеру"
              "field_genitive_case" => "номера"
              "field_nominative_case" => "номер"
              "field_prepositional_case" => "номере"
            ]
            "field_short_name" => ""
          ]
          #original: array:6 [
            "id" => 26
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "name" => "номер"
            "field_cases" => array:6 [
              "field_accusative_case" => "номер"
              "field_creative_case" => "номером"
              "field_dative_case" => "номеру"
              "field_genitive_case" => "номера"
              "field_nominative_case" => "номер"
              "field_prepositional_case" => "номере"
            ]
            "field_short_name" => ""
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "field_metatags_title" => null
    "field_metatags_description" => null
    "field_h1" => null
    "field_description_top" => null
    "field_description_bottom" => null
    "field_match" => null
    "breadcrumbs" => []
    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1035
      #items: []
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1046
      #items: array:1 [
        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 1439551
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Динамика"
            "field_branch_order" => "II"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1047
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:7 [
                    "id" => 29
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Глава"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
                      "field_accusative_case" => "Главу"
                      "field_creative_case" => "Главой"
                      "field_dative_case" => "Главе"
                      "field_genitive_case" => "Главы"
                      "field_nominative_case" => "Глава"
                      "field_prepositional_case" => "Главе"
                    ]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => null
                    "field_short_name" => null
                  ]
                  #original: array:7 [
                    "id" => 29
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Глава"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
                      "field_accusative_case" => "Главу"
                      "field_creative_case" => "Главой"
                      "field_dative_case" => "Главе"
                      "field_genitive_case" => "Главы"
                      "field_nominative_case" => "Глава"
                      "field_prepositional_case" => "Главе"
                    ]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => null
                    "field_short_name" => null
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
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                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "30"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1080
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1049
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "books"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:50 [
                    "id" => 4169
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks"
                    "field_pages_status" => null
                    "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1051
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1048
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:10 [
                            "id" => 6493
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Физика"
                            "field_abbreviated_name" => null
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => "физику"
                              "field_creative_case" => "физикой"
                              "field_dative_case" => "физике"
                              "field_genitive_case" => "физики"
                              "field_nominative_case" => "физика"
                              "field_prepositional_case" => "физике"
                            ]
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_short_name" => null
                            "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject"
                            "field_translit" => "fizika"
                          ]
                          #original: array:10 [
                            "id" => 6493
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Физика"
                            "field_abbreviated_name" => null
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => "физику"
                              "field_creative_case" => "физикой"
                              "field_dative_case" => "физике"
                              "field_genitive_case" => "физики"
                              "field_nominative_case" => "физика"
                              "field_prepositional_case" => "физике"
                            ]
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_short_name" => null
                            "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject"
                            "field_translit" => "fizika"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1053
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 5458
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "9"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => "девятый"
                              "field_creative_case" => "девятым"
                              "field_dative_case" => "девятому"
                              "field_genitive_case" => "девятого"
                              "field_nominative_case" => "девятый"
                              "field_prepositional_case" => "девятом"
                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "devjatyj"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 5458
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "9"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => "девятый"
                              "field_creative_case" => "девятым"
                              "field_dative_case" => "девятому"
                              "field_genitive_case" => "девятого"
                              "field_nominative_case" => "девятый"
                              "field_prepositional_case" => "девятом"
                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "devjatyj"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1054
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1055
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 5176
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Русское слово"
                            "field_cases" => null
                            "field_translit" => "russkoe slovo"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 5176
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Русское слово"
                            "field_cases" => null
                            "field_translit" => "russkoe slovo"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
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                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
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                          #dispatchesEvents: []
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                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
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                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1057
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:12 [
                            "id" => 4491
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Изергин"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Эдуард"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Тимофеевич"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #original: array:12 [
                            "id" => 4491
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Изергин"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Эдуард"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Тимофеевич"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
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                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1058
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1060
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:10 [
                            "id" => 6671
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Учебник"
                            "field_book_type_foreign" => null
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => "учебник"
                              "field_creative_case" => "учебником"
                              "field_dative_case" => "учебнику"
                              "field_genitive_case" => "учебника"
                              "field_nominative_case" => "учебник"
                              "field_prepositional_case" => "учебнике"
                            ]
                            "field_plural_form" => null
                            "field_short_name" => null
                            "field_short_name_foreign" => null
                            "field_translit" => "uchebnik"
                          ]
                          #original: array:10 [
                            "id" => 6671
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Учебник"
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                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
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                              "field_genitive_case" => "учебника"
                              "field_nominative_case" => "учебник"
                              "field_prepositional_case" => "учебнике"
                            ]
                            "field_plural_form" => null
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                            "field_short_name_foreign" => null
                            "field_translit" => "uchebnik"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
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                          #attributeCastCache: []
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                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1062
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
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                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 9
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Россия"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
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                              "field_prepositional_case" => null
                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "rossiya"
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                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
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                              "field_prepositional_case" => null
                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "rossiya"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
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                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
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                          #hidden: []
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                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
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                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1064
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
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                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 15
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Москва"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => null
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                              "field_genitive_case" => null
                              "field_nominative_case" => null
                              "field_prepositional_case" => null
                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "moskva"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 15
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Москва"
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                              "field_prepositional_case" => null
                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "moskva"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1066
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:8 [
                            "id" => 4715
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "инновационная школа"
                            "field_cases" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_series" => null
                            "field_transcription_eng" => null
                            "field_translit" => "innovacionnaya shkola"
                          ]
                          #original: array:8 [
                            "id" => 4715
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "инновационная школа"
                            "field_cases" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_series" => null
                            "field_transcription_eng" => null
                            "field_translit" => "innovacionnaya shkola"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1069
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1070
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:10 [
                            "id" => 6706
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "ФГОС (старый)"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => null
                              "field_creative_case" => null
                              "field_dative_case" => null
                              "field_genitive_case" => null
                              "field_nominative_case" => null
                              "field_prepositional_case" => null
                            ]
                            "field_color" => null
                            "field_end_year" => "2022"
                            "field_start_year" => "2019"
                            "field_translit" => "fgos-old"
                            "field_type" => null
                          ]
                          #original: array:10 [
                            "id" => 6706
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "ФГОС (старый)"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => null
                              "field_creative_case" => null
                              "field_dative_case" => null
                              "field_genitive_case" => null
                              "field_nominative_case" => null
                              "field_prepositional_case" => null
                            ]
                            "field_color" => null
                            "field_end_year" => "2022"
                            "field_start_year" => "2019"
                            "field_translit" => "fgos-old"
                            "field_type" => null
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_publication_number" => null
                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1072
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
                    "field_cover_description" => null
                    "field_publication_year" => "2019"
                    "field_publication_year_until" => null
                    "field_part" => ""
                    "field_part_writing" => ""
                    "field_second_foreign_language" => null
                    "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 9 класса общеобразовательных организаций"
                    "field_allowed" => null
                    "field_reserve_field" => null
                    "field_link_to_source" => null
                    "field_tasks_count" => "388"
                    "field_priority" => null
                    "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/izergin-u/"
                    "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01069-6"
                    "field_cover" => array:1 [
                      0 => "/media/fizika_09/izergin-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759162386"
                    ]
                    "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [
                      0 => ""
                    ]
                    "field_covers" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:4 [
                        "path" => "/media/fizika_09/izergin-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759162386"
                        "alt" => ""
                        "width" => "1881"
                        "height" => "2502"
                      ]
                    ]
                    "field_popular_book" => "0"
                    "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1074
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1075
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1076
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1077
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 49
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "синий"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => null
                              "field_creative_case" => null
                              "field_dative_case" => null
                              "field_genitive_case" => null
                              "field_nominative_case" => null
                              "field_prepositional_case" => null
                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "siniy"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 49
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "синий"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [
                              "field_accusative_case" => null
                              "field_creative_case" => null
                              "field_dative_case" => null
                              "field_genitive_case" => null
                              "field_nominative_case" => null
                              "field_prepositional_case" => null
                            ]
                            "field_translit" => "siniy"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
                      "class" => 380
                      "subject" => 556
                      "class_subject" => 493
                    ]
                  ]
                  #original: array:50 [
                    "id" => 4169
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks"
                    "field_pages_status" => null
                    "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1051}
                    "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052}
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1054}
                    "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056}
                    "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1058}
                    "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059}
                    "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061}
                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063}
                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065}
                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067}
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068}
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1069}
                    "field_publication_number" => null
                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071}
                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1072}
                    "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
                    "field_cover_description" => null
                    "field_publication_year" => "2019"
                    "field_publication_year_until" => null
                    "field_part" => ""
                    "field_part_writing" => ""
                    "field_second_foreign_language" => null
                    "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 9 класса общеобразовательных организаций"
                    "field_allowed" => null
                    "field_reserve_field" => null
                    "field_link_to_source" => null
                    "field_tasks_count" => "388"
                    "field_priority" => null
                    "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_09/izergin-u/"
                    "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01069-6"
                    "field_cover" => array:1 [
                      0 => "/media/fizika_09/izergin-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759162386"
                    ]
                    "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [
                      0 => ""
                    ]
                    "field_covers" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:4 [
                        "path" => "/media/fizika_09/izergin-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759162386"
                        "alt" => ""
                        "width" => "1881"
                        "height" => "2502"
                      ]
                    ]
                    "field_popular_book" => "0"
                    "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073}
                    "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1074}
                    "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1075}
                    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1076}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
                      "class" => 380
                      "subject" => 556
                      "class_subject" => 493
                    ]
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1078
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 1439551
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Динамика"
            "field_branch_order" => "II"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050}
            "field_page_start" => "30"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1080}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1078}
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109
      #items: array:2 [
        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1117
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 1439551
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Динамика"
            "field_branch_order" => "II"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1118
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1047}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "30"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1119
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1049}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1120
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 1439551
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Динамика"
            "field_branch_order" => "II"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1118}
            "field_page_start" => "30"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1119}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1120}
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        1 => App\Models\Branch {#1121
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 1439559
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Проверим свои знания по теме главы II"
            "field_branch_order" => null
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1122
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "64"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1123
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1049}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1124
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 1439559
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Проверим свои знания по теме главы II"
            "field_branch_order" => null
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1122}
            "field_page_start" => "64"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1123}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1124}
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1038
      #items: array:2 [
        0 => App\Models\Element {#1100
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "elements"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:7 [
            "id" => 1707489
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1092
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1099
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "editions"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:21 [
                    "id" => 6139
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Условие"
                    "field_order" => "1"
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1097
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
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                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
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                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [ …6]
                          #original: array:6 [ …6]
                          #changes: []
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                          +timestamps: true
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                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_content_type" => "free"
                    "field_content_mode" => "text, image"
                    "field_page_content_mode" => "image"
                    "field_content_text_checked" => "0"
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                    "field_solution_author" => "Автор"
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                    "field_root_dir" => "0-"
                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1096
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                    "field_comment" => null
                    "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095
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                    "field_process_formula" => "katex"
                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1093
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                  #original: array:21 [
                    "id" => 6139
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Условие"
                    "field_order" => "1"
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098}
                    "field_content_type" => "free"
                    "field_content_mode" => "text, image"
                    "field_page_content_mode" => "image"
                    "field_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_solution_author" => "Автор"
                    "field_moderator" => "stas"
                    "field_edition_type" => "statement"
                    "field_root_dir" => "0-"
                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1096}
                    "field_comment" => null
                    "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095}
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                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1093}
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                  ]
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                  +timestamps: true
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                    0 => "*"
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                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1439723"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "text" => "<p><strong>6.</strong> На шарик, подвешенный на нити, действует сила тяжести. Если эту силу считать действующей, то какая сила, по третьему закону Ньютона, является противодействующей?</p><p><strong>1)</strong> сила упругости нити</p><p><strong>2)</strong> сила тяготения, приложенная к центру Земли</p><p><strong>3)</strong> вес шарика</p><p><strong>4)</strong> сила упругости гвоздика, к которому привязана нить</p>"
            "img" => array:1 [
              0 => array:5 [
                "name" => "6-1.jpg"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "1443"
                "height" => 509
                "path" => "/media/fizika_09/izergin-u/0-glav2/6-1.webp?ts=1759529281"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          #original: array:7 [
            "id" => 1707489
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1092}
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1439723"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "text" => "<p><strong>6.</strong> На шарик, подвешенный на нити, действует сила тяжести. Если эту силу считать действующей, то какая сила, по третьему закону Ньютона, является противодействующей?</p><p><strong>1)</strong> сила упругости нити</p><p><strong>2)</strong> сила тяготения, приложенная к центру Земли</p><p><strong>3)</strong> вес шарика</p><p><strong>4)</strong> сила упругости гвоздика, к которому привязана нить</p>"
            "img" => array:1 [
              0 => array:5 [
                "name" => "6-1.jpg"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "1443"
                "height" => 509
                "path" => "/media/fizika_09/izergin-u/0-glav2/6-1.webp?ts=1759529281"
              ]
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          ]
          #changes: []
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          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
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        }
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          #primaryKey: "id"
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          #attributes: array:6 [
            "id" => 1813507
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1091
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "editions"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
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                  +exists: true
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                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:21 [
                    "id" => 6646
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Решение"
                    "field_order" => "2"
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1090
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                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1089
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [ …6]
                          #original: array:6 [ …6]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
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                          +timestamps: true
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                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                        }
                      ]
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                    "field_moderator" => "tolik"
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                      #items: []
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                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_process_formula" => "katex"
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                    "id" => 6646
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                    "title" => "Решение"
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                    "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0"
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                    "field_moderator" => "tolik"
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                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1087}
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                    "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088}
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                  ]
                  #changes: []
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                  #dateFormat: null
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                    0 => "*"
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            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1439723"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "text" => "<p><strong>Решение</strong></p><p>Третий закон Ньютона гласит, что силы, с которыми два тела действуют друг на друга, равны по модулю и противоположны по направлению ($ \vec{F}_{12} = -\vec{F}_{21} $). Важно помнить, что эти силы:</p><ol><li>имеют одинаковую физическую природу (например, обе гравитационные или обе упругие);</li><li>приложены к разным телам.</li></ol><p>В задаче указана действующая сила — это сила тяжести, действующая на шарик. Сила тяжести — это гравитационная сила, с которой Земля притягивает шарик. Обозначим её как $ \vec{F}_{Земля \rightarrow шарик} $.</p><p>Согласно третьему закону Ньютона, противодействующей (реакцией) будет сила, обладающая следующими свойствами:</p><ul><li>Это тоже гравитационная сила.</li><li>Она приложена к другому телу, то есть к Земле.</li><li>Это сила, с которой шарик притягивает Землю. Обозначим её как $ \vec{F}_{шарик \rightarrow Земля} $.</li></ul><p>Теперь проанализируем предложенные варианты ответа:</p><p><strong>1)</strong> <em>Сила упругости нити</em> — это сила, действующая на шарик со стороны нити. Она имеет электромагнитную природу, а не гравитационную. Кроме того, она приложена к тому же телу (шарику), что и сила тяжести. Эта сила уравновешивает силу тяжести, но не является противодействующей ей по третьему закону Ньютона.</p><p><strong>2)</strong> <em>Сила тяготения, приложенная к центру Земли</em> — это сила, с которой шарик притягивает Землю. Эта сила имеет гравитационную природу и приложена к другому телу (к Земле). Это полностью соответствует определению противодействующей силы по третьему закону Ньютона.</p><p><strong>3)</strong> <em>Вес шарика</em> — это сила, с которой шарик действует на опору или подвес (в данном случае, на нить) вследствие притяжения к Земле. Противодействующей для веса шарика является сила упругости нити, действующая на шарик.</p><p><strong>4)</strong> <em>Сила упругости гвоздика, к которому привязана нить</em> — эта сила возникает во взаимодействии "нить-гвоздик" и не имеет прямого отношения к гравитационному взаимодействию "шарик-Земля".</p><p>Таким образом, единственно верным вариантом является второй.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> 2) сила тяготения, приложенная к центру Земли.</p>"
          ]
          #original: array:6 [
            "id" => 1813507
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082}
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1439723"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "text" => "<p><strong>Решение</strong></p><p>Третий закон Ньютона гласит, что силы, с которыми два тела действуют друг на друга, равны по модулю и противоположны по направлению ($ \vec{F}_{12} = -\vec{F}_{21} $). Важно помнить, что эти силы:</p><ol><li>имеют одинаковую физическую природу (например, обе гравитационные или обе упругие);</li><li>приложены к разным телам.</li></ol><p>В задаче указана действующая сила — это сила тяжести, действующая на шарик. Сила тяжести — это гравитационная сила, с которой Земля притягивает шарик. Обозначим её как $ \vec{F}_{Земля \rightarrow шарик} $.</p><p>Согласно третьему закону Ньютона, противодействующей (реакцией) будет сила, обладающая следующими свойствами:</p><ul><li>Это тоже гравитационная сила.</li><li>Она приложена к другому телу, то есть к Земле.</li><li>Это сила, с которой шарик притягивает Землю. Обозначим её как $ \vec{F}_{шарик \rightarrow Земля} $.</li></ul><p>Теперь проанализируем предложенные варианты ответа:</p><p><strong>1)</strong> <em>Сила упругости нити</em> — это сила, действующая на шарик со стороны нити. Она имеет электромагнитную природу, а не гравитационную. Кроме того, она приложена к тому же телу (шарику), что и сила тяжести. Эта сила уравновешивает силу тяжести, но не является противодействующей ей по третьему закону Ньютона.</p><p><strong>2)</strong> <em>Сила тяготения, приложенная к центру Земли</em> — это сила, с которой шарик притягивает Землю. Эта сила имеет гравитационную природу и приложена к другому телу (к Земле). Это полностью соответствует определению противодействующей силы по третьему закону Ньютона.</p><p><strong>3)</strong> <em>Вес шарика</em> — это сила, с которой шарик действует на опору или подвес (в данном случае, на нить) вследствие притяжения к Земле. Противодействующей для веса шарика является сила упругости нити, действующая на шарик.</p><p><strong>4)</strong> <em>Сила упругости гвоздика, к которому привязана нить</em> — эта сила возникает во взаимодействии "нить-гвоздик" и не имеет прямого отношения к гравитационному взаимодействию "шарик-Земля".</p><p>Таким образом, единственно верным вариантом является второй.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> 2) сила тяготения, приложенная к центру Земли.</p>"
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                  #attributes: array:6 [
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                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                    "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1110
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                    "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1110}
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            "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1184
              #items: array:6 [
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                  #connection: "mysql"
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                  +incrementing: true
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                  #attributes: array:24 [
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                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                    "field_display_title" => "1"
                    "field_outside_task" => "0"
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1197
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1036}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_match" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => []
                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1198
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1199
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1117}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1200
                      #items: array:2 [
                        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1117}
                        1 => App\Models\Branch {#1121}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1202
                      #items: array:2 [
                        0 => App\Models\Element {#1211
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "elements"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: true
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:7 [ …7]
                          #original: array:7 [ …7]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                        }
                        1 => App\Models\Element {#1213
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "elements"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: true
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [ …6]
                          #original: array:6 [ …6]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "next" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1439719"
                      "type" => "task"
                    ]
                    "previous" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1439717"
                      "type" => "task"
                    ]
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1208
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Book {#1049}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "page" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1439382"
                      "type" => "book_page"
                    ]
                  ]
                  #original: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1439718
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_page_start" => "64"
                    "field_page_end" => "65"
                    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/glav2-1"
                    "field_display_title" => "1"
                    "field_outside_task" => "0"
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1197}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_match" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => []
                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1198}
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1199}
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1200}
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1202}
                    "next" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1439719"
                      "type" => "task"
                    ]
                    "previous" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1439717"
                      "type" => "task"
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                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1208}
                    "page" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1439382"
                      "type" => "book_page"
                    ]
                  ]
                  #changes: []
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                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
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                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
                1 => App\Models\Task {#1203
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1439719
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_page_start" => "65"
                    "field_page_end" => null
                    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/glav2-2"
                    "field_display_title" => "2"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1201
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1036}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
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                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_match" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => []
                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1210
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1206
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1117}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1204
                      #items: array:2 [
                        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1117}
                        1 => App\Models\Branch {#1121}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1205
                      #items: array:2 [
                        0 => App\Models\Element {#1223
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "elements"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: true
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:7 [ …7]
                          #original: array:7 [ …7]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                        }
                        1 => App\Models\Element {#1225
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "elements"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: true
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [ …6]
                          #original: array:6 [ …6]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "next" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1439720"
                      "type" => "task"
                    ]
                    "previous" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1439718"
                      "type" => "task"
                    ]
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1220
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Book {#1049}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "page" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1439383"
                      "type" => "book_page"
                    ]
                  ]
                  #original: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1439719
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_page_start" => "65"
                    "field_page_end" => null
                    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/glav2-2"
                    "field_display_title" => "2"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1201}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_match" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => []
                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1210}
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1206}
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1204}
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1205}
                    "next" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1439720"
                      "type" => "task"
                    ]
                    "previous" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1439718"
                      "type" => "task"
                    ]
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1220}
                    "page" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1439383"
                      "type" => "book_page"
                    ]
                  ]
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                  #dateFormat: null
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                  #touches: []
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                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
                2 => App\Models\Task {#1215
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1439720
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_page_start" => "65"
                    "field_page_end" => null
                    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/glav2-3"
                    "field_display_title" => "3"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1207
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1036}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
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                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_match" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => []
                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1222
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1218
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1117}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1216
                      #items: array:2 [
                        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1117}
                        1 => App\Models\Branch {#1121}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1217
                      #items: array:2 [
                        0 => App\Models\Element {#1235
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "elements"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: true
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:7 [ …7]
                          #original: array:7 [ …7]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                           …14
                        }
                        1 => App\Models\Element {#1237 …30}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "next" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1439721"
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                    ]
                    "previous" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1439719"
                      "type" => "task"
                    ]
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1232
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Book {#1049}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "page" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1439383"
                      "type" => "book_page"
                    ]
                  ]
                  #original: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1439720
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_page_start" => "65"
                    "field_page_end" => null
                    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/glav2-3"
                    "field_display_title" => "3"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1207}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
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                    "field_description_bottom" => null
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                    "breadcrumbs" => []
                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1222}
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1218}
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1216}
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1217}
                    "next" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1439721"
                      "type" => "task"
                    ]
                    "previous" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1439719"
                      "type" => "task"
                    ]
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1232}
                    "page" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1439383"
                      "type" => "book_page"
                    ]
                  ]
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                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
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                  #touches: []
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                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
                3 => App\Models\Task {#1227
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1439721
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_page_start" => "65"
                    "field_page_end" => null
                    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/glav2-4"
                    "field_display_title" => "4"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1219
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1036}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
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                    "breadcrumbs" => []
                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1234
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1230
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1117}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1228
                      #items: array:2 [
                        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1117}
                        1 => App\Models\Branch {#1121}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1229
                      #items: array:2 [
                        0 => App\Models\Element {#1247 …30}
                        1 => App\Models\Element {#1249 …30}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "next" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1439722"
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                    ]
                    "previous" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1439720"
                      "type" => "task"
                    ]
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1244
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Book {#1049}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "page" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1439383"
                      "type" => "book_page"
                    ]
                  ]
                  #original: array:24 [
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                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_page_start" => "65"
                    "field_page_end" => null
                    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/glav2-4"
                    "field_display_title" => "4"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1219}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
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                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_match" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => []
                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1234}
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1230}
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1228}
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1229}
                    "next" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1439722"
                      "type" => "task"
                    ]
                    "previous" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1439720"
                      "type" => "task"
                    ]
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1244}
                    "page" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1439383"
                      "type" => "book_page"
                    ]
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                  #dateFormat: null
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                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
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                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
                4 => App\Models\Task {#1239
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1439722
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_page_start" => "65"
                    "field_page_end" => null
                    "field_url" => "/9-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/glav2-5"
                    "field_display_title" => "5"
                    "field_outside_task" => null
                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1231
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1036}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
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                    "breadcrumbs" => []
                    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1246
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1242
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1117}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1240
                      #items: array:2 [
                        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1117}
                        1 => App\Models\Branch {#1121}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1241
                      #items: array:2 [
                        0 => App\Models\Element {#1259 …30}
                        1 => App\Models\Element {#1261 …30}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "next" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1439723"
                      "type" => "task"
                    ]
                    "previous" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1439721"
                      "type" => "task"
                    ]
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1256
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Book {#1049}
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "page" => array:2 [
                      "refs" => "1439383"
                      "type" => "book_page"
                    ]
                  ]
                  #original: array:24 [
                    "id" => 1439722
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
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№6 (с. 65)
Условие. №6 (с. 65)
скриншот условия
Физика, 9 класс Учебник, автор: Изергин Эдуард Тимофеевич, издательство Русское слово, Москва, 2019, страница 65, номер 6, Условие

6. На шарик, подвешенный на нити, действует сила тяжести. Если эту силу считать действующей, то какая сила, по третьему закону Ньютона, является противодействующей?

1) сила упругости нити

2) сила тяготения, приложенная к центру Земли

3) вес шарика

4) сила упругости гвоздика, к которому привязана нить

Решение. №6 (с. 65)

Решение

Третий закон Ньютона гласит, что силы, с которыми два тела действуют друг на друга, равны по модулю и противоположны по направлению ($ \vec{F}_{12} = -\vec{F}_{21} $). Важно помнить, что эти силы:

  1. имеют одинаковую физическую природу (например, обе гравитационные или обе упругие);
  2. приложены к разным телам.

В задаче указана действующая сила — это сила тяжести, действующая на шарик. Сила тяжести — это гравитационная сила, с которой Земля притягивает шарик. Обозначим её как $ \vec{F}_{Земля \rightarrow шарик} $.

Согласно третьему закону Ньютона, противодействующей (реакцией) будет сила, обладающая следующими свойствами:

  • Это тоже гравитационная сила.
  • Она приложена к другому телу, то есть к Земле.
  • Это сила, с которой шарик притягивает Землю. Обозначим её как $ \vec{F}_{шарик \rightarrow Земля} $.

Теперь проанализируем предложенные варианты ответа:

1) Сила упругости нити — это сила, действующая на шарик со стороны нити. Она имеет электромагнитную природу, а не гравитационную. Кроме того, она приложена к тому же телу (шарику), что и сила тяжести. Эта сила уравновешивает силу тяжести, но не является противодействующей ей по третьему закону Ньютона.

2) Сила тяготения, приложенная к центру Земли — это сила, с которой шарик притягивает Землю. Эта сила имеет гравитационную природу и приложена к другому телу (к Земле). Это полностью соответствует определению противодействующей силы по третьему закону Ньютона.

3) Вес шарика — это сила, с которой шарик действует на опору или подвес (в данном случае, на нить) вследствие притяжения к Земле. Противодействующей для веса шарика является сила упругости нити, действующая на шарик.

4) Сила упругости гвоздика, к которому привязана нить — эта сила возникает во взаимодействии "нить-гвоздик" и не имеет прямого отношения к гравитационному взаимодействию "шарик-Земля".

Таким образом, единственно верным вариантом является второй.

Ответ: 2) сила тяготения, приложенная к центру Земли.

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