Полярная звезда, страница 102 - гдз по географии 9 класс учебник Алексеев, Николина

География, 9 класс Учебник, авторы: Алексеев Александр Иванович, Николина Вера Викторовна, Липкина Елена Карловна, Болысов Сергей Иванович, Кузнецова Галина Юрьевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2023, жёлтого цвета

Авторы: Алексеев А. И., Николина В. В., Липкина Е. К., Болысов С. И., Кузнецова Г. Ю.

Тип: Учебник

Серия: полярная звезда

Издательство: Просвещение

Год издания: 2023 - 2026

Цвет обложки: жёлтый с планетой

ISBN: 978-5-09-102553-8

Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации

Регионы России. Центральная Россия. Параграф 26. Учимся с «Полярной звездой» (4) - страница 102.

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                    "field_url" => "/9-klass/geografiya/alekseev-uchebnik"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1110}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
                      "class" => 380
                      "subject" => 553
                      "class_subject" => 467
                    ]
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1112
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 769294
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Регионы России. Центральная Россия"
            "field_branch_order" => null
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1077}
            "field_page_start" => "83"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1075}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1112}
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        1 => App\Models\Branch {#1113
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 769304
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Учимся с «Полярной звездой» (4)"
            "field_branch_order" => "26"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1114
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1115
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:7 [
                    "id" => 32
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Параграф"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
                      "field_accusative_case" => "Параграф"
                      "field_creative_case" => "Параграфом"
                      "field_dative_case" => "Параграфу"
                      "field_genitive_case" => "Параграфа"
                      "field_nominative_case" => "Параграф"
                      "field_prepositional_case" => "Параграфе"
                    ]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => null
                    "field_short_name" => "§"
                  ]
                  #original: array:7 [
                    "id" => 32
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Параграф"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
                      "field_accusative_case" => "Параграф"
                      "field_creative_case" => "Параграфом"
                      "field_dative_case" => "Параграфу"
                      "field_genitive_case" => "Параграфа"
                      "field_nominative_case" => "Параграф"
                      "field_prepositional_case" => "Параграфе"
                    ]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => null
                    "field_short_name" => "§"
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "102"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1116
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1117
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "books"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:50 [
                    "id" => 637
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks"
                    "field_pages_status" => null
                    "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1118
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1120
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1122
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1124
                      #items: array:5 [ …5]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1133
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1140
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1141
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_publication_number" => "11"
                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1143
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
                    "field_cover_description" => "с планетой"
                    "field_publication_year" => "2023"
                    "field_publication_year_until" => null
                    "field_part" => ""
                    "field_part_writing" => ""
                    "field_second_foreign_language" => null
                    "field_for_whom" => null
                    "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации"
                    "field_reserve_field" => null
                    "field_link_to_source" => null
                    "field_tasks_count" => "432"
                    "field_priority" => "2"
                    "field_default_folder" => "/geografiya_09/Alekseev-u23/"
                    "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-102553-8"
                    "field_cover" => array:1 [
                      0 => "/media/geografiya_09/Alekseev-u23/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1739644415"
                    ]
                    "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [
                      0 => ""
                    ]
                    "field_covers" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:4 [ …4]
                    ]
                    "field_popular_book" => null
                    "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1147
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_url" => "/9-klass/geografiya/alekseev-uchebnik"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1149
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
                      "class" => 380
                      "subject" => 553
                      "class_subject" => 467
                    ]
                  ]
                  #original: array:50 [
                    "id" => 637
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks"
                    "field_pages_status" => null
                    "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1118}
                    "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1120}
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1122}
                    "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1124}
                    "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130}
                    "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131}
                    "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1133}
                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135}
                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137}
                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139}
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1140}
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1141}
                    "field_publication_number" => "11"
                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1143}
                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145}
                    "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
                    "field_cover_description" => "с планетой"
                    "field_publication_year" => "2023"
                    "field_publication_year_until" => null
                    "field_part" => ""
                    "field_part_writing" => ""
                    "field_second_foreign_language" => null
                    "field_for_whom" => null
                    "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации"
                    "field_reserve_field" => null
                    "field_link_to_source" => null
                    "field_tasks_count" => "432"
                    "field_priority" => "2"
                    "field_default_folder" => "/geografiya_09/Alekseev-u23/"
                    "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-102553-8"
                    "field_cover" => array:1 [
                      0 => "/media/geografiya_09/Alekseev-u23/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1739644415"
                    ]
                    "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [
                      0 => ""
                    ]
                    "field_covers" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:4 [ …4]
                    ]
                    "field_popular_book" => null
                    "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146}
                    "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1147}
                    "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148}
                    "field_url" => "/9-klass/geografiya/alekseev-uchebnik"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1149}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
                      "class" => 380
                      "subject" => 553
                      "class_subject" => 467
                    ]
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1151
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1152
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "branches"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [
                    "id" => 769294
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_display_title" => "Регионы России. Центральная Россия"
                    "field_branch_order" => null
                    "field_url" => null
                    "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1153
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_page_start" => "83"
                    "field_branch_display" => "0"
                    "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
                    "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
                    "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
                    "field_navigation_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_branch_cover" => []
                    "field_branch_covers" => []
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1154
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1189
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                  ]
                  #original: array:24 [
                    "id" => 769294
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_display_title" => "Регионы России. Центральная Россия"
                    "field_branch_order" => null
                    "field_url" => null
                    "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1153}
                    "field_page_start" => "83"
                    "field_branch_display" => "0"
                    "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
                    "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
                    "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
                    "field_navigation_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_branch_cover" => []
                    "field_branch_covers" => []
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1154}
                    "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1189}
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 769304
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Учимся с «Полярной звездой» (4)"
            "field_branch_order" => "26"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1114}
            "field_page_start" => "102"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1116}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1151}
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1207
      #items: array:2 [
        0 => App\Models\Element {#1192
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "elements"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:7 [
            "id" => 963396
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1193
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1191
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "editions"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:21 [
                    "id" => 2377
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Условие"
                    "field_order" => "1"
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1194
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_content_type" => "free"
                    "field_content_mode" => "text, image"
                    "field_page_content_mode" => "image"
                    "field_content_text_checked" => null
                    "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_solution_author" => "Автор"
                    "field_moderator" => "vadim"
                    "field_edition_type" => "statement"
                    "field_root_dir" => "0-"
                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1196
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_comment" => null
                    "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1197
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_process_formula" => ""
                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1198
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_content_source" => null
                  ]
                  #original: array:21 [
                    "id" => 2377
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Условие"
                    "field_order" => "1"
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1194}
                    "field_content_type" => "free"
                    "field_content_mode" => "text, image"
                    "field_page_content_mode" => "image"
                    "field_content_text_checked" => null
                    "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_solution_author" => "Автор"
                    "field_moderator" => "vadim"
                    "field_edition_type" => "statement"
                    "field_root_dir" => "0-"
                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1196}
                    "field_comment" => null
                    "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1197}
                    "field_process_formula" => ""
                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1198}
                    "field_content_source" => null
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "769553"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "text" => """
              <p><strong>Прочитайте текст целиком. Обратите внимание на источник.</strong></p>\n
              <p><strong>Начните изучать текст по абзацам. Если в абзаце встретятся новые слова или словосочетания, попробуйте объяснить их значение своими словами, а затем проверьте себя по справочной литературе или Интернету. Найдите в абзаце главное слово, словосочетание или предложение и объясните, почему вы считаете его ключевым. Выявите суть, главную мысль абзаца и запишите её в черновике.</strong></p>\n
              <p><strong>Придумайте заглавие (один или несколько вариантов) для изучаемого отрывка.</strong></p>\n
              <p><strong>Свяжите ситуацию с ранее изученным или прочитанным. Сформулируйте собственное отношение к тексту: что даёт знакомство с ним с точки зрения сегодняшнего дня? Видите ли вы корни нынешних проблем (каких?), или это лишь интересные исторические сведения либо устаревшие взгляды? Опирайтесь на примеры из своей жизни. Сделайте в черновике необходимые заметки.</strong></p>\n
              <p><strong>Сформулируйте вопросы к тексту. Среди них отметьте те, на которые у вас есть ответ, и те, которые вы хотели бы обсудить. Обменяйтесь подготовленными вопросами с товарищем. По указанию учителя вы должны будете ответить на них устно или письменно либо принять участие в общем обсуждении.</strong></p>
              """
            "img" => array:1 [
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                "alt" => null
                "width" => "816"
                "height" => 527
                "path" => "/media/geografiya_09/Alekseev-u23/0-26/1-1.webp?ts=1739709833"
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          #original: array:7 [
            "id" => 963396
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1193}
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "769553"
              "type" => "task"
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            "text" => """
              <p><strong>Прочитайте текст целиком. Обратите внимание на источник.</strong></p>\n
              <p><strong>Начните изучать текст по абзацам. Если в абзаце встретятся новые слова или словосочетания, попробуйте объяснить их значение своими словами, а затем проверьте себя по справочной литературе или Интернету. Найдите в абзаце главное слово, словосочетание или предложение и объясните, почему вы считаете его ключевым. Выявите суть, главную мысль абзаца и запишите её в черновике.</strong></p>\n
              <p><strong>Придумайте заглавие (один или несколько вариантов) для изучаемого отрывка.</strong></p>\n
              <p><strong>Свяжите ситуацию с ранее изученным или прочитанным. Сформулируйте собственное отношение к тексту: что даёт знакомство с ним с точки зрения сегодняшнего дня? Видите ли вы корни нынешних проблем (каких?), или это лишь интересные исторические сведения либо устаревшие взгляды? Опирайтесь на примеры из своей жизни. Сделайте в черновике необходимые заметки.</strong></p>\n
              <p><strong>Сформулируйте вопросы к тексту. Среди них отметьте те, на которые у вас есть ответ, и те, которые вы хотели бы обсудить. Обменяйтесь подготовленными вопросами с товарищем. По указанию учителя вы должны будете ответить на них устно или письменно либо принять участие в общем обсуждении.</strong></p>
              """
            "img" => array:1 [
              0 => array:5 [
                "name" => "1-1.jpg"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "816"
                "height" => 527
                "path" => "/media/geografiya_09/Alekseev-u23/0-26/1-1.webp?ts=1739709833"
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          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        1 => App\Models\Element {#1199
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "elements"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:7 [
            "id" => 963672
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1200
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1201
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "editions"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:21 [
                    "id" => 2378
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Решение"
                    "field_order" => "2"
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1202
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_content_type" => "free"
                    "field_content_mode" => "text, image"
                    "field_page_content_mode" => ""
                    "field_content_text_checked" => null
                    "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_solution_author" => "Инна"
                    "field_moderator" => "vadim"
                    "field_edition_type" => "solution"
                    "field_root_dir" => "1-"
                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1204
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_comment" => null
                    "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1205
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_process_formula" => ""
                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1206
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_content_source" => null
                  ]
                  #original: array:21 [
                    "id" => 2378
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Решение"
                    "field_order" => "2"
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1202}
                    "field_content_type" => "free"
                    "field_content_mode" => "text, image"
                    "field_page_content_mode" => ""
                    "field_content_text_checked" => null
                    "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_solution_author" => "Инна"
                    "field_moderator" => "vadim"
                    "field_edition_type" => "solution"
                    "field_root_dir" => "1-"
                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1204}
                    "field_comment" => null
                    "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1205}
                    "field_process_formula" => ""
                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1206}
                    "field_content_source" => null
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
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                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
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                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "769553"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "text" => "<p><b>Работа с текстом №1.</b></p><p>1 абзац ключевая мысль - жизнь финских племен до прихода на их земли славян.</p><p>2 абзац ключевая мысль - природа и ее влияние на характер людей.</p><p>3 абзац ключевая мысль - неравенство.</p><p>4 абзац ключевая мысль - общий труд великороссов.</p><p>5 абзац ключевая мысль - внешний вид великороссов.</p><p><b>Вопросы к тексту:</b></p><ol><li>Какие основные занятия финнов?</li><li>Откуда на эти земли пришли славяне?</li><li>Какой уклад жизни был у великороссов?</li></ol><p>Работа с текстом №2.</p><p>Ключевая мысль текста - отличия людей Калужской и Орловской губерний.</p><p><b>Вопросы к тексту:</b></p><ol><li>Почему жители Орловской губернии были угрюмые?</li><li>Почему жители Калужской губернии были веселые?</li></ol><p><b>Работа с текстом №3.</b></p><p>1 абзац ключевая мысль - роль промыслов в жизни крестьян.</p><p>2 абзац ключевая мысль - отходничество - это престижное занятие.</p><p><b>Вопросы к тексту:</b></p><ol><li>Чем занимаются в отходе?</li><li>Какие промыслы относятся к отхожим?</li><li>Кто в основном занимался отходничеством?</li></ol>"
            "img" => array:2 [
              0 => array:5 [
                "name" => "1-1.jpg"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "2146"
                "height" => 1049
                "path" => "/media/geografiya_09/Alekseev-u23/1-26/1-1.webp?ts=1739709926"
              ]
              1 => array:5 [
                "name" => "1-2.jpg"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "1930"
                "height" => 1537
                "path" => "/media/geografiya_09/Alekseev-u23/1-26/1-2.webp?ts=1739709926"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          #original: array:7 [
            "id" => 963672
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1200}
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "769553"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "text" => "<p><b>Работа с текстом №1.</b></p><p>1 абзац ключевая мысль - жизнь финских племен до прихода на их земли славян.</p><p>2 абзац ключевая мысль - природа и ее влияние на характер людей.</p><p>3 абзац ключевая мысль - неравенство.</p><p>4 абзац ключевая мысль - общий труд великороссов.</p><p>5 абзац ключевая мысль - внешний вид великороссов.</p><p><b>Вопросы к тексту:</b></p><ol><li>Какие основные занятия финнов?</li><li>Откуда на эти земли пришли славяне?</li><li>Какой уклад жизни был у великороссов?</li></ol><p>Работа с текстом №2.</p><p>Ключевая мысль текста - отличия людей Калужской и Орловской губерний.</p><p><b>Вопросы к тексту:</b></p><ol><li>Почему жители Орловской губернии были угрюмые?</li><li>Почему жители Калужской губернии были веселые?</li></ol><p><b>Работа с текстом №3.</b></p><p>1 абзац ключевая мысль - роль промыслов в жизни крестьян.</p><p>2 абзац ключевая мысль - отходничество - это престижное занятие.</p><p><b>Вопросы к тексту:</b></p><ol><li>Чем занимаются в отходе?</li><li>Какие промыслы относятся к отхожим?</li><li>Кто в основном занимался отходничеством?</li></ol>"
            "img" => array:2 [
              0 => array:5 [
                "name" => "1-1.jpg"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "2146"
                "height" => 1049
                "path" => "/media/geografiya_09/Alekseev-u23/1-26/1-1.webp?ts=1739709926"
              ]
              1 => array:5 [
                "name" => "1-2.jpg"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "1930"
                "height" => 1537
                "path" => "/media/geografiya_09/Alekseev-u23/1-26/1-2.webp?ts=1739709926"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          #changes: []
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          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
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          +timestamps: true
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          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "next" => array:2 [
      "refs" => "769554"
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    "previous" => array:2 [
      "refs" => "769552"
      "type" => "task"
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    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1244
      #items: array:1 [
        0 => App\Models\Book {#1209
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "books"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: false
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:50 [
            "id" => 637
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks"
            "field_pages_status" => null
            "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1210
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1208
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:10 [
                    "id" => 6476
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "География"
                    "field_abbreviated_name" => null
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
                      "field_accusative_case" => "географию"
                      "field_creative_case" => "географией"
                      "field_dative_case" => "географии"
                      "field_genitive_case" => "географии"
                      "field_nominative_case" => "география"
                      "field_prepositional_case" => "географии"
                    ]
                    "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
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                    "field_subject_type" => "humanitarian_subject"
                    "field_translit" => "geografiya"
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                  #original: array:10 [
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                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "География"
                    "field_abbreviated_name" => null
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
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                      "field_creative_case" => "географией"
                      "field_dative_case" => "географии"
                      "field_genitive_case" => "географии"
                      "field_nominative_case" => "география"
                      "field_prepositional_case" => "географии"
                    ]
                    "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                    "field_short_name" => null
                    "field_subject_type" => "humanitarian_subject"
                    "field_translit" => "geografiya"
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                  #changes: []
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                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
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                    0 => "*"
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              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1211
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1212
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [
                    "id" => 5458
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "9"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
                      "field_accusative_case" => "девятый"
                      "field_creative_case" => "девятым"
                      "field_dative_case" => "девятому"
                      "field_genitive_case" => "девятого"
                      "field_nominative_case" => "девятый"
                      "field_prepositional_case" => "девятом"
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                  #original: array:6 [
                    "id" => 5458
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "9"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
                      "field_accusative_case" => "девятый"
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                      "field_dative_case" => "девятому"
                      "field_genitive_case" => "девятого"
                      "field_nominative_case" => "девятый"
                      "field_prepositional_case" => "девятом"
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                    "field_translit" => "devjatyj"
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              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
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            "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1213
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1214
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
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                  #withCount: []
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                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
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                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [
                    "id" => 5153
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
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                    "field_translit" => "prosveschenie"
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                  #original: array:6 [
                    "id" => 5153
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                    "updated_at" => null
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            "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1215
              #items: array:5 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1216
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
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                  +incrementing: false
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                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
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                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:12 [
                    "id" => 3696
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Алексеев"
                    "field_bio" => null
                    "field_degree_rp" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                    "field_name" => "Александр"
                    "field_patronymic" => "Иванович"
                    "field_surname_rp" => null
                  ]
                  #original: array:12 [
                    "id" => 3696
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Алексеев"
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                    "field_degree_rp" => null
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                    "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                    "field_name" => "Александр"
                    "field_patronymic" => "Иванович"
                    "field_surname_rp" => null
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
                1 => App\Models\Term {#1217
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:12 [
                    "id" => 5357
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Николина"
                    "field_bio" => null
                    "field_degree_rp" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                    "field_name" => "Вера"
                    "field_patronymic" => "Викторовна"
                    "field_surname_rp" => null
                  ]
                  #original: array:12 [
                    "id" => 5357
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Николина"
                    "field_bio" => null
                    "field_degree_rp" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                    "field_name" => "Вера"
                    "field_patronymic" => "Викторовна"
                    "field_surname_rp" => null
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
                2 => App\Models\Term {#1218
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:12 [
                    "id" => 4989
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Липкина"
                    "field_bio" => null
                    "field_degree_rp" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                    "field_name" => "Елена"
                    "field_patronymic" => "Карловна"
                    "field_surname_rp" => null
                  ]
                  #original: array:12 [
                    "id" => 4989
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Липкина"
                    "field_bio" => null
                    "field_degree_rp" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                    "field_name" => "Елена"
                    "field_patronymic" => "Карловна"
                    "field_surname_rp" => null
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
                3 => App\Models\Term {#1219
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:12 [
                    "id" => 3892
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Болысов"
                    "field_bio" => null
                    "field_degree_rp" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                    "field_name" => "Сергей"
                    "field_patronymic" => "Иванович"
                    "field_surname_rp" => null
                  ]
                  #original: array:12 [
                    "id" => 3892
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Болысов"
                    "field_bio" => null
                    "field_degree_rp" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                    "field_name" => "Сергей"
                    "field_patronymic" => "Иванович"
                    "field_surname_rp" => null
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
                4 => App\Models\Term {#1220
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:12 [
                    "id" => 4853
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Кузнецова"
                    "field_bio" => null
                    "field_degree_rp" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                    "field_name" => "Галина"
                    "field_patronymic" => "Юрьевна"
                    "field_surname_rp" => null
                  ]
                  #original: array:12 [
                    "id" => 4853
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Кузнецова"
                    "field_bio" => null
                    "field_degree_rp" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                    "field_name" => "Галина"
                    "field_patronymic" => "Юрьевна"
                    "field_surname_rp" => null
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1221
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1222
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1223
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:10 [
                    "id" => 6671
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Учебник"
                    "field_book_type_foreign" => null
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
                      "field_accusative_case" => "учебник"
                      "field_creative_case" => "учебником"
                      "field_dative_case" => "учебнику"
                      "field_genitive_case" => "учебника"
                      "field_nominative_case" => "учебник"
                      "field_prepositional_case" => "учебнике"
                    ]
                    "field_plural_form" => null
                    "field_short_name" => null
                    "field_short_name_foreign" => null
                    "field_translit" => "uchebnik"
                  ]
                  #original: array:10 [
                    "id" => 6671
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Учебник"
                    "field_book_type_foreign" => null
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
                      "field_accusative_case" => "учебник"
                      "field_creative_case" => "учебником"
                      "field_dative_case" => "учебнику"
                      "field_genitive_case" => "учебника"
                      "field_nominative_case" => "учебник"
                      "field_prepositional_case" => "учебнике"
                    ]
                    "field_plural_form" => null
                    "field_short_name" => null
                    "field_short_name_foreign" => null
                    "field_translit" => "uchebnik"
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1224
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1225
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [
                    "id" => 9
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Россия"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
                      "field_accusative_case" => null
                      "field_creative_case" => null
                      "field_dative_case" => null
                      "field_genitive_case" => null
                      "field_nominative_case" => null
                      "field_prepositional_case" => null
                    ]
                    "field_translit" => "rossiya"
                  ]
                  #original: array:6 [
                    "id" => 9
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Россия"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
                      "field_accusative_case" => null
                      "field_creative_case" => null
                      "field_dative_case" => null
                      "field_genitive_case" => null
                      "field_nominative_case" => null
                      "field_prepositional_case" => null
                    ]
                    "field_translit" => "rossiya"
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1226
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1227
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [
                    "id" => 15
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Москва"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
                      "field_accusative_case" => null
                      "field_creative_case" => null
                      "field_dative_case" => null
                      "field_genitive_case" => null
                      "field_nominative_case" => null
                      "field_prepositional_case" => null
                    ]
                    "field_translit" => "moskva"
                  ]
                  #original: array:6 [
                    "id" => 15
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Москва"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
                      "field_accusative_case" => null
                      "field_creative_case" => null
                      "field_dative_case" => null
                      "field_genitive_case" => null
                      "field_nominative_case" => null
                      "field_prepositional_case" => null
                    ]
                    "field_translit" => "moskva"
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1228
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1229
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:8 [
                    "id" => 4786
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "полярная звезда"
                    "field_cases" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_series" => null
                    "field_transcription_eng" => null
                    "field_translit" => "polyarnaya zvezda"
                  ]
                  #original: array:8 [
                    "id" => 4786
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "полярная звезда"
                    "field_cases" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_series" => null
                    "field_transcription_eng" => null
                    "field_translit" => "polyarnaya zvezda"
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1230
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1231
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1232
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1233
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:10 [
                    "id" => 25
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "ФГОС (новый)"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
                      "field_accusative_case" => null
                      "field_creative_case" => null
                      "field_dative_case" => null
                      "field_genitive_case" => null
                      "field_nominative_case" => null
                      "field_prepositional_case" => null
                    ]
                    "field_color" => "красный"
                    "field_end_year" => "2027"
                    "field_start_year" => "2023"
                    "field_translit" => "fgos"
                    "field_type" => "новый"
                  ]
                  #original: array:10 [
                    "id" => 25
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "ФГОС (новый)"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
                      "field_accusative_case" => null
                      "field_creative_case" => null
                      "field_dative_case" => null
                      "field_genitive_case" => null
                      "field_nominative_case" => null
                      "field_prepositional_case" => null
                    ]
                    "field_color" => "красный"
                    "field_end_year" => "2027"
                    "field_start_year" => "2023"
                    "field_translit" => "fgos"
                    "field_type" => "новый"
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_publication_number" => "11"
            "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1234
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1235
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [
                    "id" => 34
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "переработанное"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
                      "field_accusative_case" => null
                      "field_creative_case" => null
                      "field_dative_case" => null
                      "field_genitive_case" => null
                      "field_nominative_case" => null
                      "field_prepositional_case" => null
                    ]
                    "field_translit" => "pererabotannoe"
                  ]
                  #original: array:6 [
                    "id" => 34
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "переработанное"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
                      "field_accusative_case" => null
                      "field_creative_case" => null
                      "field_dative_case" => null
                      "field_genitive_case" => null
                      "field_nominative_case" => null
                      "field_prepositional_case" => null
                    ]
                    "field_translit" => "pererabotannoe"
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1236
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
            "field_cover_description" => "с планетой"
            "field_publication_year" => "2023"
            "field_publication_year_until" => null
            "field_part" => ""
            "field_part_writing" => ""
            "field_second_foreign_language" => null
            "field_for_whom" => null
            "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации"
            "field_reserve_field" => null
            "field_link_to_source" => null
            "field_tasks_count" => "432"
            "field_priority" => "2"
            "field_default_folder" => "/geografiya_09/Alekseev-u23/"
            "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-102553-8"
            "field_cover" => array:1 [
              0 => "/media/geografiya_09/Alekseev-u23/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1739644415"
            ]
            "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [
              0 => ""
            ]
            "field_covers" => array:1 [
              0 => array:4 [
                "path" => "/media/geografiya_09/Alekseev-u23/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1739644415"
                "alt" => ""
                "width" => "1200"
                "height" => "1576"
              ]
            ]
            "field_popular_book" => null
            "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1237
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1238
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1239
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_url" => "/9-klass/geografiya/alekseev-uchebnik"
            "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1240
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1241
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [
                    "id" => 57
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "жёлтый"
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Полярная звезда (с. 102)
Условие. Полярная звезда (с. 102)
скриншот условия
География, 9 класс Учебник, авторы: Алексеев Александр Иванович, Николина Вера Викторовна, Липкина Елена Карловна, Болысов Сергей Иванович, Кузнецова Галина Юрьевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2023, жёлтого цвета, страница 102, Условие

Прочитайте текст целиком. Обратите внимание на источник.

Начните изучать текст по абзацам. Если в абзаце встретятся новые слова или словосочетания, попробуйте объяснить их значение своими словами, а затем проверьте себя по справочной литературе или Интернету. Найдите в абзаце главное слово, словосочетание или предложение и объясните, почему вы считаете его ключевым. Выявите суть, главную мысль абзаца и запишите её в черновике.

Придумайте заглавие (один или несколько вариантов) для изучаемого отрывка.

Свяжите ситуацию с ранее изученным или прочитанным. Сформулируйте собственное отношение к тексту: что даёт знакомство с ним с точки зрения сегодняшнего дня? Видите ли вы корни нынешних проблем (каких?), или это лишь интересные исторические сведения либо устаревшие взгляды? Опирайтесь на примеры из своей жизни. Сделайте в черновике необходимые заметки.

Сформулируйте вопросы к тексту. Среди них отметьте те, на которые у вас есть ответ, и те, которые вы хотели бы обсудить. Обменяйтесь подготовленными вопросами с товарищем. По указанию учителя вы должны будете ответить на них устно или письменно либо принять участие в общем обсуждении.

Решение. Полярная звезда (с. 102)
скриншот решения
География, 9 класс Учебник, авторы: Алексеев Александр Иванович, Николина Вера Викторовна, Липкина Елена Карловна, Болысов Сергей Иванович, Кузнецова Галина Юрьевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2023, жёлтого цвета, страница 102, Решение
География, 9 класс Учебник, авторы: Алексеев Александр Иванович, Николина Вера Викторовна, Липкина Елена Карловна, Болысов Сергей Иванович, Кузнецова Галина Юрьевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2023, жёлтого цвета, страница 102, Решение (продолжение 2)

Работа с текстом №1.

1 абзац ключевая мысль - жизнь финских племен до прихода на их земли славян.

2 абзац ключевая мысль - природа и ее влияние на характер людей.

3 абзац ключевая мысль - неравенство.

4 абзац ключевая мысль - общий труд великороссов.

5 абзац ключевая мысль - внешний вид великороссов.

Вопросы к тексту:

  1. Какие основные занятия финнов?
  2. Откуда на эти земли пришли славяне?
  3. Какой уклад жизни был у великороссов?

Работа с текстом №2.

Ключевая мысль текста - отличия людей Калужской и Орловской губерний.

Вопросы к тексту:

  1. Почему жители Орловской губернии были угрюмые?
  2. Почему жители Калужской губернии были веселые?

Работа с текстом №3.

1 абзац ключевая мысль - роль промыслов в жизни крестьян.

2 абзац ключевая мысль - отходничество - это престижное занятие.

Вопросы к тексту:

  1. Чем занимаются в отходе?
  2. Какие промыслы относятся к отхожим?
  3. Кто в основном занимался отходничеством?

Помогло решение? Оставьте отзыв в комментариях ниже.

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Мы подготовили для вас ответ c подробным объяснением домашего задания по географии за 9 класс, для упражнения Полярная звезда расположенного на странице 102 к учебнику серии полярная звезда 2023 года издания для учащихся школ и гимназий.

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