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Номер 3, страница 40 - гдз по химии 9 класс учебник Рудзитис, Фельдман
Авторы: Рудзитис Г. Е., Фельдман Ф. Г.
Тип: Учебник
Издательство: Просвещение
Год издания: 2019 - 2023
Цвет обложки: зелёный
ISBN: 978-5-09-113569-5
Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации
Популярные ГДЗ в 9 классе
Глава 2. Химические реакции в водных растворах. Параграф 10. Гидролиз солей. Подумай, ответь, выполни... - номер 3, страница 40.
App\Models\Task {#1003 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 651001 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "40" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/himiya/rudzitis-uchebnik/10-2-3" "field_display_title" => "3" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1009 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1008 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1007 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1018 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1017 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:23 [ "id" => 650724 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Химические реакции в водных растворах" "field_branch_order" => "2" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1022 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1019 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "Главу" "field_creative_case" => "Главой" "field_dative_case" => "Главе" "field_genitive_case" => "Главы" "field_nominative_case" => "Глава" "field_prepositional_case" => "Главе" ] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "Главу" "field_creative_case" => "Главой" "field_dative_case" => "Главе" "field_genitive_case" => "Главы" "field_nominative_case" => "Глава" "field_prepositional_case" => "Главе" ] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "20" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1053 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1021 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 218 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1023 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1020 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6495 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Химия" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "химию" "field_creative_case" => "химией" "field_dative_case" => "химии" "field_genitive_case" => "химии" "field_nominative_case" => "химия" "field_prepositional_case" => "химии" ] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "himiya" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6495 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Химия" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "химию" "field_creative_case" => "химией" "field_dative_case" => "химии" "field_genitive_case" => "химии" "field_nominative_case" => "химия" "field_prepositional_case" => "химии" ] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "himiya" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1024 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1025 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5458 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "name" => "9" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "девятый" "field_creative_case" => "девятым" "field_dative_case" => "девятому" "field_genitive_case" => "девятого" "field_nominative_case" => "девятый" "field_prepositional_case" => "девятом" ] "field_translit" => "devjatyj" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5458 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "name" => "9" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "девятый" "field_creative_case" => "девятым" "field_dative_case" => "девятому" "field_genitive_case" => "девятого" "field_nominative_case" => "девятый" "field_prepositional_case" => "девятом" ] "field_translit" => "devjatyj" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1026 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1027 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5153 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Просвещение" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "prosveschenie" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5153 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Просвещение" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "prosveschenie" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1028 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1029 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 5630 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Рудзитис" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Гунтис" "field_patronymic" => "Екабович" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 5630 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Рудзитис" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Гунтис" "field_patronymic" => "Екабович" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Term {#1030 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 6052 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Фельдман" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Фриц" "field_patronymic" => "Генрихович" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 6052 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Фельдман" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Фриц" "field_patronymic" => "Генрихович" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1031 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1032 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1033 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6671 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Учебник" "field_book_type_foreign" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "учебник" "field_creative_case" => "учебником" "field_dative_case" => "учебнику" "field_genitive_case" => "учебника" "field_nominative_case" => "учебник" "field_prepositional_case" => "учебнике" ] "field_plural_form" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "uchebnik" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6671 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Учебник" "field_book_type_foreign" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "учебник" "field_creative_case" => "учебником" "field_dative_case" => "учебнику" "field_genitive_case" => "учебника" "field_nominative_case" => "учебник" "field_prepositional_case" => "учебнике" ] "field_plural_form" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "uchebnik" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1034 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1035 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1036 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1037 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1038 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1039 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1040 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1041 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1042 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6706 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "name" => "ФГОС (старый)" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_color" => null "field_end_year" => "2022" "field_start_year" => "2019" "field_translit" => "fgos-old" "field_type" => null ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6706 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "name" => "ФГОС (старый)" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_color" => null "field_end_year" => "2022" "field_start_year" => "2019" "field_translit" => "fgos-old" "field_type" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publication_number" => "9" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1043 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1044 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 33 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "name" => "стереотипное" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "stereotipnoe" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 33 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "name" => "стереотипное" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "stereotipnoe" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1045 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => "2023" "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => null "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации" "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "447" "field_priority" => "16" "field_default_folder" => "/himiya_09/rudzitis-u22/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-113569-5" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/himiya_09/rudzitis-u22/covers/cover1.webp" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/himiya_09/rudzitis-u22/covers/cover1.webp" "alt" => "" "width" => "699" "height" => "933" ] ] "field_popular_book" => null "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1046 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1047 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1048 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_url" => "/9-klass/himiya/rudzitis-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1049 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1050 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 47 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 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Программа обучения становится в разы сложнее и объемнее. Кроме того, полным ходом идет подготовка к экзаменам. Не все школьники справляются с такими нагрузками. Многие, пытаясь сосредоточиться на нескольких задачах сразу, допускают повсюду промахи. Особенно сложно нагнать потом упущенные навыки по химии, так как эта наука весьма специфична. Поэтому лучше сразу предотвратить всякие недоразумения. Для этого достаточно воспользоваться справочником <strong>ГДЗ по Химии 9 класс Учебник Рудзитис, Фельдман (Просвещение, 2016 г.)</strong>. </p> <p> На девятом году обучения ученикам предстоит учить такие темы как: </p> <ol> <li>Окислительно-восстановительные реакции.</li> <li>Характеристика кислорода и серы.</li> <li>Сероводород. Сульфиды.</li> <li>Соли аммония.</li> <li>Фосфорная кислота и её соли.</li> <li>Химические свойства углерода. 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"branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Branch {#1096 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:23 [ "id" => 650740 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Гидролиз солей" "field_branch_order" => "10" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1097 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 32 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Параграф" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "Параграф" "field_creative_case" => "Параграфом" "field_dative_case" => "Параграфу" "field_genitive_case" => "Параграфа" "field_nominative_case" => "Параграф" "field_prepositional_case" => "Параграфе" ] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => "§" ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 32 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Параграф" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "Параграф" "field_creative_case" => "Параграфом" "field_dative_case" => "Параграфу" "field_genitive_case" => "Параграфа" "field_nominative_case" => "Параграф" "field_prepositional_case" => "Параграфе" ] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => "§" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "38" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1099 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1021} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1017} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:23 [ "id" => 650740 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Гидролиз солей" "field_branch_order" => "10" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100} "field_page_start" => "38" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1099} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 2 => App\Models\Branch {#1101 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:23 [ "id" => 650742 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Подумай, ответь, выполни..." "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "40" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1103 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1021} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1112 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1111 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:23 [ "id" => 650740 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Гидролиз солей" "field_branch_order" => "10" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "38" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1114 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1115 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:23 [ "id" => 650740 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Гидролиз солей" "field_branch_order" => "10" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113} "field_page_start" => "38" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1114} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1115} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:23 [ "id" => 650742 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Подумай, ответь, выполни..." "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102} "field_page_start" => "40" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1103} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1112} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1080 #items: array:3 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1072 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 806442 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1073 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 1790 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => null "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "pasha" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1069 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 1790 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => null "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "pasha" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1069} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "651001" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>3.</strong> Техническую соду, массовая доля примесей в которой составляет 10%, обработали соляной кислотой. При этом выделилось 4 моль оксида углерода(IV). Вычислите массу технической соды, вступившей в реакцию с кислотой.</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "3-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1587" "height" => 292 "path" => "/media/himiya_09/rudzitis-u22/0-10-2/3-1.webp?ts=1738739036" ] ] ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 806442 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "651001" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>3.</strong> Техническую соду, массовая доля примесей в которой составляет 10%, обработали соляной кислотой. При этом выделилось 4 моль оксида углерода(IV). Вычислите массу технической соды, вступившей в реакцию с кислотой.</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "3-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1587" "height" => 292 "path" => "/media/himiya_09/rudzitis-u22/0-10-2/3-1.webp?ts=1738739036" ] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Element {#1065 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 806487 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1066 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 1791 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "image" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Ладыко (Торчило)" "field_moderator" => "pasha" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_process_formula" => "" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 1791 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "image" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Ладыко (Торчило)" "field_moderator" => "pasha" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060} "field_process_formula" => "" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "651001" "type" => "task" ] "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "3-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "2092" "height" => 1266 "path" => "/media/himiya_09/rudzitis-u22/1-10-2/3-1.webp?ts=1738739068" ] ] ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 806487 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "651001" "type" => "task" ] "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "3-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "2092" "height" => 1266 "path" => "/media/himiya_09/rudzitis-u22/1-10-2/3-1.webp?ts=1738739068" ] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 2 => App\Models\Element {#1059 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1494228 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1083 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1058 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 5461 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение 2" "field_order" => "3" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => null "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "2-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1054 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1015 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1013 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 5461 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение 2" "field_order" => "3" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => null "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "2-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1054} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1015} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1013} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "651001" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>Дано:</strong></p><p>$\omega(\text{примесей}) = 10\% = 0.1$</p><p>$n(CO_2) = 4 \text{ моль}$</p><p><strong>Найти:</strong></p><p>$m(\text{технической соды}) - ?$</p><p><strong>Решение:</strong></p><p><strong>1.</strong> Запишем уравнение реакции взаимодействия карбоната натрия ($Na_2CO_3$), который является основным компонентом технической соды, с соляной кислотой ($HCl$). Примеси считаются инертными, то есть не вступающими в реакцию с кислотой.</p><p>$Na_2CO_3 + 2HCl \rightarrow 2NaCl + H_2O + CO_2\uparrow$</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Согласно уравнению реакции, количество вещества карбоната натрия ($n(Na_2CO_3)$) и выделившегося оксида углерода(IV) ($n(CO_2)$) соотносятся как 1:1.</p><p>$n(Na_2CO_3) : n(CO_2) = 1:1$</p><p>Следовательно, количество вещества чистого карбоната натрия, вступившего в реакцию, равно количеству вещества выделившегося углекислого газа:</p><p>$n(Na_2CO_3) = n(CO_2) = 4 \text{ моль}$</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Вычислим молярную массу карбоната натрия ($Na_2CO_3$).</p><p>$M(Na_2CO_3) = 2 \cdot Ar(Na) + Ar(C) + 3 \cdot Ar(O) = 2 \cdot 23 + 12 + 3 \cdot 16 = 46 + 12 + 48 = 106 \text{ г/моль}$</p><p><strong>4.</strong> Теперь найдем массу чистого карбоната натрия, который прореагировал с кислотой, по формуле $m = n \cdot M$:</p><p>$m(Na_2CO_3) = n(Na_2CO_3) \cdot M(Na_2CO_3) = 4 \text{ моль} \cdot 106 \text{ г/моль} = 424 \text{ г}$</p><p><strong>5.</strong> В условии сказано, что массовая доля примесей в технической соде составляет 10%. Это означает, что массовая доля чистого карбоната натрия в технической соде составляет:</p><p>$\omega(Na_2CO_3) = 100\% - \omega(\text{примесей}) = 100\% - 10\% = 90\%$ или в долях единицы $0.9$.</p><p><strong>6.</strong> Масса чистого вещества ($m(\text{чистого вещества})$) связана с массой смеси ($m(\text{смеси})$) и его массовой долей ($\omega$) соотношением: $\omega = \frac{m(\text{чистого вещества})}{m(\text{смеси})}$.</p><p>Выразим из этой формулы массу технической соды:</p><p>$m(\text{технической соды}) = \frac{m(Na_2CO_3)}{\omega(Na_2CO_3)}$</p><p>Подставим известные значения и вычислим:</p><p>$m(\text{технической соды}) = \frac{424 \text{ г}}{0.9} \approx 471.11 \text{ г}$</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> масса технической соды, вступившей в реакцию с кислотой, составляет 471,11 г.</p>" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1494228 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1083} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "651001" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>Дано:</strong></p><p>$\omega(\text{примесей}) = 10\% = 0.1$</p><p>$n(CO_2) = 4 \text{ моль}$</p><p><strong>Найти:</strong></p><p>$m(\text{технической соды}) - ?$</p><p><strong>Решение:</strong></p><p><strong>1.</strong> Запишем уравнение реакции взаимодействия карбоната натрия ($Na_2CO_3$), который является основным компонентом технической соды, с соляной кислотой ($HCl$). Примеси считаются инертными, то есть не вступающими в реакцию с кислотой.</p><p>$Na_2CO_3 + 2HCl \rightarrow 2NaCl + H_2O + CO_2\uparrow$</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Согласно уравнению реакции, количество вещества карбоната натрия ($n(Na_2CO_3)$) и выделившегося оксида углерода(IV) ($n(CO_2)$) соотносятся как 1:1.</p><p>$n(Na_2CO_3) : n(CO_2) = 1:1$</p><p>Следовательно, количество вещества чистого карбоната натрия, вступившего в реакцию, равно количеству вещества выделившегося углекислого газа:</p><p>$n(Na_2CO_3) = n(CO_2) = 4 \text{ моль}$</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Вычислим молярную массу карбоната натрия ($Na_2CO_3$).</p><p>$M(Na_2CO_3) = 2 \cdot Ar(Na) + Ar(C) + 3 \cdot Ar(O) = 2 \cdot 23 + 12 + 3 \cdot 16 = 46 + 12 + 48 = 106 \text{ г/моль}$</p><p><strong>4.</strong> Теперь найдем массу чистого карбоната натрия, который прореагировал с кислотой, по формуле $m = n \cdot M$:</p><p>$m(Na_2CO_3) = n(Na_2CO_3) \cdot M(Na_2CO_3) = 4 \text{ моль} \cdot 106 \text{ г/моль} = 424 \text{ г}$</p><p><strong>5.</strong> В условии сказано, что массовая доля примесей в технической соде составляет 10%. Это означает, что массовая доля чистого карбоната натрия в технической соде составляет:</p><p>$\omega(Na_2CO_3) = 100\% - \omega(\text{примесей}) = 100\% - 10\% = 90\%$ или в долях единицы $0.9$.</p><p><strong>6.</strong> Масса чистого вещества ($m(\text{чистого вещества})$) связана с массой смеси ($m(\text{смеси})$) и его массовой долей ($\omega$) соотношением: $\omega = \frac{m(\text{чистого вещества})}{m(\text{смеси})}$.</p><p>Выразим из этой формулы массу технической соды:</p><p>$m(\text{технической соды}) = \frac{m(Na_2CO_3)}{\omega(Na_2CO_3)}$</p><p>Подставим известные значения и вычислим:</p><p>$m(\text{технической соды}) = \frac{424 \text{ г}}{0.9} \approx 471.11 \text{ г}$</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> масса технической соды, вступившей в реакцию с кислотой, составляет 471,11 г.</p>" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true 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null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1106 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "book_page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "931180" "type" => "book_page" ] "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ …5] ] ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1105572 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1106} "book_page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "931180" "type" => "book_page" ] "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ …5] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "931181" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "931179" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection 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App\Models\Task {#1210 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 651000 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "40" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/himiya/rudzitis-uchebnik/10-2-2" "field_display_title" => "2" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1209 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1216 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => 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#table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 651001 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 00:54:11" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "40" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/9-klass/himiya/rudzitis-uchebnik/10-2-3" "field_display_title" => "3" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1212 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1230 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1232 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1228 …2} "content" => 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№3 (с. 40)
Условие. №3 (с. 40)
скриншот условия
3. Техническую соду, массовая доля примесей в которой составляет 10%, обработали соляной кислотой. При этом выделилось 4 моль оксида углерода(IV). Вычислите массу технической соды, вступившей в реакцию с кислотой.
Решение. №3 (с. 40)
Решение 2. №3 (с. 40)
Дано:
$\omega(\text{примесей}) = 10\% = 0.1$
$n(CO_2) = 4 \text{ моль}$
Найти:
$m(\text{технической соды}) - ?$
Решение:
1. Запишем уравнение реакции взаимодействия карбоната натрия ($Na_2CO_3$), который является основным компонентом технической соды, с соляной кислотой ($HCl$). Примеси считаются инертными, то есть не вступающими в реакцию с кислотой.
$Na_2CO_3 + 2HCl \rightarrow 2NaCl + H_2O + CO_2\uparrow$
2. Согласно уравнению реакции, количество вещества карбоната натрия ($n(Na_2CO_3)$) и выделившегося оксида углерода(IV) ($n(CO_2)$) соотносятся как 1:1.
$n(Na_2CO_3) : n(CO_2) = 1:1$
Следовательно, количество вещества чистого карбоната натрия, вступившего в реакцию, равно количеству вещества выделившегося углекислого газа:
$n(Na_2CO_3) = n(CO_2) = 4 \text{ моль}$
3. Вычислим молярную массу карбоната натрия ($Na_2CO_3$).
$M(Na_2CO_3) = 2 \cdot Ar(Na) + Ar(C) + 3 \cdot Ar(O) = 2 \cdot 23 + 12 + 3 \cdot 16 = 46 + 12 + 48 = 106 \text{ г/моль}$
4. Теперь найдем массу чистого карбоната натрия, который прореагировал с кислотой, по формуле $m = n \cdot M$:
$m(Na_2CO_3) = n(Na_2CO_3) \cdot M(Na_2CO_3) = 4 \text{ моль} \cdot 106 \text{ г/моль} = 424 \text{ г}$
5. В условии сказано, что массовая доля примесей в технической соде составляет 10%. Это означает, что массовая доля чистого карбоната натрия в технической соде составляет:
$\omega(Na_2CO_3) = 100\% - \omega(\text{примесей}) = 100\% - 10\% = 90\%$ или в долях единицы $0.9$.
6. Масса чистого вещества ($m(\text{чистого вещества})$) связана с массой смеси ($m(\text{смеси})$) и его массовой долей ($\omega$) соотношением: $\omega = \frac{m(\text{чистого вещества})}{m(\text{смеси})}$.
Выразим из этой формулы массу технической соды:
$m(\text{технической соды}) = \frac{m(Na_2CO_3)}{\omega(Na_2CO_3)}$
Подставим известные значения и вычислим:
$m(\text{технической соды}) = \frac{424 \text{ г}}{0.9} \approx 471.11 \text{ г}$
Ответ: масса технической соды, вступившей в реакцию с кислотой, составляет 471,11 г.
Другие задания:
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