Номер 11.5, страница 74 - гдз по алгебре 10 класс учебник Абылкасымова, Жумагулова

Алгебра, 10 класс Учебник, авторы: Абылкасымова Алма Есимбековна, Жумагулова Зауре Абдыкеновна, издательство Мектеп, Алматы, 2019

Авторы: Абылкасымова А. Е., Жумагулова З. А.

Тип: Учебник

Издательство: Мектеп

Год издания: 2019 - 2026

ISBN: 978-601-07-1142-6

Утверждено Министерством образования и науки Республики Казахстан

Глава 4. Вероятность. Параграф 11. Правила сложения и умножения вероятностей - номер 11.5, страница 74.

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                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1142
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 1113567
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Вероятность"
            "field_branch_order" => "4"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1116}
            "field_page_start" => "68"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1142}
          ]
          #changes: []
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          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
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          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        1 => App\Models\Branch {#1143
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 1113569
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Правила сложения и умножения вероятностей"
            "field_branch_order" => "11"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1145
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:7 [
                    "id" => 32
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Параграф"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
                      "field_accusative_case" => "Параграф"
                      "field_creative_case" => "Параграфом"
                      "field_dative_case" => "Параграфу"
                      "field_genitive_case" => "Параграфа"
                      "field_nominative_case" => "Параграф"
                      "field_prepositional_case" => "Параграфе"
                    ]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => null
                    "field_short_name" => "§"
                  ]
                  #original: array:7 [
                    "id" => 32
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Параграф"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [
                      "field_accusative_case" => "Параграф"
                      "field_creative_case" => "Параграфом"
                      "field_dative_case" => "Параграфу"
                      "field_genitive_case" => "Параграфа"
                      "field_nominative_case" => "Параграф"
                      "field_prepositional_case" => "Параграфе"
                    ]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => null
                    "field_short_name" => "§"
                  ]
                  #changes: []
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                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
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                  #touches: []
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                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "70"
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            "field_h1" => null
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            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1147
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1115}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1034}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
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            "id" => 1113569
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Правила сложения и умножения вероятностей"
            "field_branch_order" => "11"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148}
            "field_page_start" => "70"
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            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1147}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146}
          ]
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          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
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          #visible: []
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            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1101
      #items: array:3 [
        0 => App\Models\Element {#1094
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "elements"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
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          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
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          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:7 [
            "id" => 1290789
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1093
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "editions"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
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                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
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                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:21 [
                    "id" => 4958
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Условие"
                    "field_order" => "1"
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_content_type" => "free"
                    "field_content_mode" => "text, image"
                    "field_page_content_mode" => "image"
                    "field_content_text_checked" => null
                    "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_solution_author" => "Автор"
                    "field_moderator" => "pasha"
                    "field_edition_type" => "statement"
                    "field_root_dir" => "0-"
                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1089
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_comment" => null
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                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_process_formula" => "katex"
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                  ]
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                    "id" => 4958
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                    "title" => "Условие"
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                    "field_comment" => null
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                    "field_content_source" => null
                  ]
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                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1113800"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "text" => "<p><strong>11.5.</strong> Два стрелка стреляют по одной и той же цели. Вероятность попадания в цель для первого стрелка равна 0,9, для второго — 0,8. Найдите вероятность того, что:</p><p><strong>1)</strong> оба стрелка попадут в цель;</p><p><strong>2)</strong> хотя бы один стрелок попадет в цель.</p>"
            "img" => array:1 [
              0 => array:5 [
                "name" => "5-1.jpg"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "2836"
                "height" => 553
                "path" => "/media/algebra_10/Abylkasymova-u/0-11/5-1.webp?ts=1753263064"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          #original: array:7 [
            "id" => 1290789
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086}
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1113800"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "text" => "<p><strong>11.5.</strong> Два стрелка стреляют по одной и той же цели. Вероятность попадания в цель для первого стрелка равна 0,9, для второго — 0,8. Найдите вероятность того, что:</p><p><strong>1)</strong> оба стрелка попадут в цель;</p><p><strong>2)</strong> хотя бы один стрелок попадет в цель.</p>"
            "img" => array:1 [
              0 => array:5 [
                "name" => "5-1.jpg"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "2836"
                "height" => 553
                "path" => "/media/algebra_10/Abylkasymova-u/0-11/5-1.webp?ts=1753263064"
              ]
            ]
          ]
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          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
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          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
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            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        1 => App\Models\Element {#1088
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "elements"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
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          #perPage: 15
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          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:6 [
            "id" => 1291303
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1078
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1085
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "editions"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
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                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:21 [
                    "id" => 4959
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
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                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_content_type" => "free"
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                    "field_page_content_mode" => ""
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                    "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_solution_author" => "Неизвестный"
                    "field_moderator" => "pasha"
                    "field_edition_type" => "solution"
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                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1083
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_comment" => null
                    "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_process_formula" => ""
                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1079
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_content_source" => null
                  ]
                  #original: array:21 [
                    "id" => 4959
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Решение"
                    "field_order" => "2"
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081}
                    "field_content_type" => "free"
                    "field_content_mode" => "image"
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                    "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_solution_author" => "Неизвестный"
                    "field_moderator" => "pasha"
                    "field_edition_type" => "solution"
                    "field_root_dir" => "1-"
                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1083}
                    "field_comment" => null
                    "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082}
                    "field_process_formula" => ""
                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1079}
                    "field_content_source" => null
                  ]
                  #changes: []
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                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
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                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
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                  #visible: []
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                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1113800"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "img" => array:1 [
              0 => array:5 [
                "name" => "5-1.jpg"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "1880"
                "height" => 801
                "path" => "/media/algebra_10/Abylkasymova-u/1-11/5-1.webp?ts=1753263258"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          #original: array:6 [
            "id" => 1291303
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1078}
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1113800"
              "type" => "task"
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            "img" => array:1 [
              0 => array:5 [
                "name" => "5-1.jpg"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "1880"
                "height" => 801
                "path" => "/media/algebra_10/Abylkasymova-u/1-11/5-1.webp?ts=1753263258"
              ]
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          ]
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            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        2 => App\Models\Element {#1080
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "elements"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
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          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:6 [
            "id" => 1549432
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1107
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1077
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "editions"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:21 [
                    "id" => 5655
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Решение 2"
                    "field_order" => "3"
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1076
                      #items: array:1 [ …1]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_content_type" => "free"
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                    "field_page_content_mode" => ""
                    "field_content_text_checked" => null
                    "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro"
                    "field_moderator" => "tolik"
                    "field_edition_type" => "solution"
                    "field_root_dir" => "2-"
                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1072
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_comment" => null
                    "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_process_formula" => "katex"
                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1103
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_content_source" => null
                  ]
                  #original: array:21 [
                    "id" => 5655
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Решение 2"
                    "field_order" => "3"
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1076}
                    "field_content_type" => "free"
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                    "field_moderator" => "tolik"
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                    "field_comment" => null
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                    "field_process_formula" => "katex"
                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1103}
                    "field_content_source" => null
                  ]
                  #changes: []
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                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1113800"
              "type" => "task"
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            "text" => "<p>Для решения задачи введем обозначения событий:</p><p>Событие A – первый стрелок попал в цель. По условию, вероятность этого события $P(A) = 0,9$.</p><p>Событие B – второй стрелок попал в цель. По условию, вероятность этого события $P(B) = 0,8$.</p><p>Так как стрелки стреляют независимо друг от друга, события A и B являются независимыми.</p><p><strong>1) оба стрелка попадут в цель;</strong></p><p>Событие, при котором оба стрелка попадают в цель, является произведением (пересечением) независимых событий A и B. Вероятность произведения двух независимых событий равна произведению их вероятностей.</p><p>Формула для расчета: $P(A \cap B) = P(A) \times P(B)$.</p><p>Подставим значения в формулу:</p><p>$P(A \cap B) = 0,9 \times 0,8 = 0,72$.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> 0,72</p><p><strong>2) хотя бы один стрелок попадет в цель.</strong></p><p>Событие "хотя бы один стрелок попадет в цель" означает, что произойдет или событие A, или событие B, или оба события вместе. Это соответствует сумме (объединению) событий A и B.</p><p>Вероятность суммы двух событий вычисляется по формуле: $P(A \cup B) = P(A) + P(B) - P(A \cap B)$.</p><p>Вероятность совместного наступления событий $P(A \cap B)$ мы уже вычислили в первом пункте, она равна 0,72.</p><p>Подставим известные значения:</p><p>$P(A \cup B) = 0,9 + 0,8 - 0,72 = 1,7 - 0,72 = 0,98$.</p><p>Также эту задачу можно решить другим способом. Событие "хотя бы один стрелок попадет в цель" является противоположным событию "оба стрелка промахнутся".</p><p>Найдем вероятности промаха для каждого стрелка:</p><p>Вероятность промаха первого стрелка: $P(\bar{A}) = 1 - P(A) = 1 - 0,9 = 0,1$.</p><p>Вероятность промаха второго стрелка: $P(\bar{B}) = 1 - P(B) = 1 - 0,8 = 0,2$.</p><p>Вероятность того, что оба стрелка промахнутся (так как события независимы), равна произведению вероятностей их промахов:</p><p>$P(\bar{A} \cap \bar{B}) = P(\bar{A}) \times P(\bar{B}) = 0,1 \times 0,2 = 0,02$.</p><p>Искомая вероятность того, что хотя бы один попадет, равна разности единицы и вероятности того, что оба промахнутся:</p><p>$P(A \cup B) = 1 - P(\bar{A} \cap \bar{B}) = 1 - 0,02 = 0,98$.</p><p>Результаты, полученные двумя способами, совпадают.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> 0,98</p>"
          ]
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            "text" => "<p>Для решения задачи введем обозначения событий:</p><p>Событие A – первый стрелок попал в цель. По условию, вероятность этого события $P(A) = 0,9$.</p><p>Событие B – второй стрелок попал в цель. По условию, вероятность этого события $P(B) = 0,8$.</p><p>Так как стрелки стреляют независимо друг от друга, события A и B являются независимыми.</p><p><strong>1) оба стрелка попадут в цель;</strong></p><p>Событие, при котором оба стрелка попадают в цель, является произведением (пересечением) независимых событий A и B. Вероятность произведения двух независимых событий равна произведению их вероятностей.</p><p>Формула для расчета: $P(A \cap B) = P(A) \times P(B)$.</p><p>Подставим значения в формулу:</p><p>$P(A \cap B) = 0,9 \times 0,8 = 0,72$.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> 0,72</p><p><strong>2) хотя бы один стрелок попадет в цель.</strong></p><p>Событие "хотя бы один стрелок попадет в цель" означает, что произойдет или событие A, или событие B, или оба события вместе. Это соответствует сумме (объединению) событий A и B.</p><p>Вероятность суммы двух событий вычисляется по формуле: $P(A \cup B) = P(A) + P(B) - P(A \cap B)$.</p><p>Вероятность совместного наступления событий $P(A \cap B)$ мы уже вычислили в первом пункте, она равна 0,72.</p><p>Подставим известные значения:</p><p>$P(A \cup B) = 0,9 + 0,8 - 0,72 = 1,7 - 0,72 = 0,98$.</p><p>Также эту задачу можно решить другим способом. Событие "хотя бы один стрелок попадет в цель" является противоположным событию "оба стрелка промахнутся".</p><p>Найдем вероятности промаха для каждого стрелка:</p><p>Вероятность промаха первого стрелка: $P(\bar{A}) = 1 - P(A) = 1 - 0,9 = 0,1$.</p><p>Вероятность промаха второго стрелка: $P(\bar{B}) = 1 - P(B) = 1 - 0,8 = 0,2$.</p><p>Вероятность того, что оба стрелка промахнутся (так как события независимы), равна произведению вероятностей их промахов:</p><p>$P(\bar{A} \cap \bar{B}) = P(\bar{A}) \times P(\bar{B}) = 0,1 \times 0,2 = 0,02$.</p><p>Искомая вероятность того, что хотя бы один попадет, равна разности единицы и вероятности того, что оба промахнутся:</p><p>$P(A \cup B) = 1 - P(\bar{A} \cap \bar{B}) = 1 - 0,02 = 0,98$.</p><p>Результаты, полученные двумя способами, совпадают.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> 0,98</p>"
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№11.5 (с. 74)
Условие. №11.5 (с. 74)
скриншот условия
Алгебра, 10 класс Учебник, авторы: Абылкасымова Алма Есимбековна, Жумагулова Зауре Абдыкеновна, издательство Мектеп, Алматы, 2019, страница 74, номер 11.5, Условие

11.5. Два стрелка стреляют по одной и той же цели. Вероятность попадания в цель для первого стрелка равна 0,9, для второго — 0,8. Найдите вероятность того, что:

1) оба стрелка попадут в цель;

2) хотя бы один стрелок попадет в цель.

Решение. №11.5 (с. 74)
Алгебра, 10 класс Учебник, авторы: Абылкасымова Алма Есимбековна, Жумагулова Зауре Абдыкеновна, издательство Мектеп, Алматы, 2019, страница 74, номер 11.5, Решение
Решение 2. №11.5 (с. 74)

Для решения задачи введем обозначения событий:

Событие A – первый стрелок попал в цель. По условию, вероятность этого события $P(A) = 0,9$.

Событие B – второй стрелок попал в цель. По условию, вероятность этого события $P(B) = 0,8$.

Так как стрелки стреляют независимо друг от друга, события A и B являются независимыми.

1) оба стрелка попадут в цель;

Событие, при котором оба стрелка попадают в цель, является произведением (пересечением) независимых событий A и B. Вероятность произведения двух независимых событий равна произведению их вероятностей.

Формула для расчета: $P(A \cap B) = P(A) \times P(B)$.

Подставим значения в формулу:

$P(A \cap B) = 0,9 \times 0,8 = 0,72$.

Ответ: 0,72

2) хотя бы один стрелок попадет в цель.

Событие "хотя бы один стрелок попадет в цель" означает, что произойдет или событие A, или событие B, или оба события вместе. Это соответствует сумме (объединению) событий A и B.

Вероятность суммы двух событий вычисляется по формуле: $P(A \cup B) = P(A) + P(B) - P(A \cap B)$.

Вероятность совместного наступления событий $P(A \cap B)$ мы уже вычислили в первом пункте, она равна 0,72.

Подставим известные значения:

$P(A \cup B) = 0,9 + 0,8 - 0,72 = 1,7 - 0,72 = 0,98$.

Также эту задачу можно решить другим способом. Событие "хотя бы один стрелок попадет в цель" является противоположным событию "оба стрелка промахнутся".

Найдем вероятности промаха для каждого стрелка:

Вероятность промаха первого стрелка: $P(\bar{A}) = 1 - P(A) = 1 - 0,9 = 0,1$.

Вероятность промаха второго стрелка: $P(\bar{B}) = 1 - P(B) = 1 - 0,8 = 0,2$.

Вероятность того, что оба стрелка промахнутся (так как события независимы), равна произведению вероятностей их промахов:

$P(\bar{A} \cap \bar{B}) = P(\bar{A}) \times P(\bar{B}) = 0,1 \times 0,2 = 0,02$.

Искомая вероятность того, что хотя бы один попадет, равна разности единицы и вероятности того, что оба промахнутся:

$P(A \cup B) = 1 - P(\bar{A} \cap \bar{B}) = 1 - 0,02 = 0,98$.

Результаты, полученные двумя способами, совпадают.

Ответ: 0,98

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