Номер 16, страница 32, часть 2 - гдз по алгебре 10 класс учебник Пак, Ардакулы

Авторы: Пак О. В., Ардакулы Д., Ескендирова Е. В.

Тип: Учебник

Издательство: Алматыкітап баспасы

Год издания: 2019 - 2026

Часть: 2

ISBN: 978-601-01-3958-9

Рекомендовано Министерством образования и науки Республики Казахстан

Часть 2. Глава 5. Производная. Параграф 2. Понятие производной. 2.3. Аналитическое определение производной - номер 16, страница 32.

App\Models\Task {#1024 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php
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  #table: "tasks"
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    "field_page_end" => null
    "field_url" => "/10-klass/algebra/baspasy-pak-uchebnik/5-2-3zad-16"
    "field_display_title" => "16"
    "field_outside_task" => null
    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#331
      #items: array:1 [
        0 => App\Models\Term {#1029
          #connection: "mysql"
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          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
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          #attributes: array:6 [
            "id" => 26
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "name" => "номер"
            "field_cases" => array:6 [
              "field_accusative_case" => "номер"
              "field_creative_case" => "номером"
              "field_dative_case" => "номеру"
              "field_genitive_case" => "номера"
              "field_nominative_case" => "номер"
              "field_prepositional_case" => "номере"
            ]
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          ]
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        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1023
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            "id" => 1119426
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                0 => App\Models\Term {#1033
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                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => "1"
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                0 => App\Models\Book {#1032
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                    "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1036
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                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                            "field_translit" => "desjatyj"
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                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1039
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                            "updated_at" => null
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                            "field_translit" => "almatykitap baspasy"
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                          #original: array:6 [
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                      #items: array:3 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1041
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                          #table: "terms"
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                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
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                            "field_name" => "Дархан"
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                        2 => App\Models\Term {#1043
                          #connection: "mysql"
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                            "updated_at" => null
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                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062
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        1 => App\Models\Branch {#1063
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        2 => App\Models\Branch {#1101
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            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1105
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                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1106
                  #connection: "mysql"
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            "text" => "<p><strong>16. (1)</strong> По графику функции $f(x)=-x^2-2x$ определите знаки чисел $f'(1)$, $f'(0)$, $f'(-1)$, $f'(-3)$.</p>"
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            "text" => "<p><strong>16. (1)</strong> По графику функции $f(x)=-x^2-2x$ определите знаки чисел $f'(1)$, $f'(0)$, $f'(-1)$, $f'(-3)$.</p>"
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            "text" => "<p>\tДля определения знаков производной функции по её графику используется геометрический смысл производной. Знак производной $f'(x)$ в точке $x_0$ показывает, возрастает или убывает функция $f(x)$ в этой точке:\t<br> • если функция возрастает (график идет вверх), то её производная в этой точке положительна: $f'(x_0) > 0$;\t<br> • если функция убывает (график идет вниз), то её производная в этой точке отрицательна: $f'(x_0) < 0$;\t<br> • если в точке находится вершина графика (точка экстремума), то касательная к графику горизонтальна, и производная равна нулю: $f'(x_0) = 0$.</p><p>\tРассмотрим функцию $f(x) = -x^2 - 2x$. Это квадратичная функция, её график — парабола. Так как коэффициент при $x^2$ равен $-1$ (отрицательный), ветви параболы направлены вниз.\t<br>Найдем координату $x$ вершины параболы по формуле $x_v = -\frac{b}{2a}$. Для нашей функции $a=-1$ и $b=-2$.\t<br>$x_v = -\frac{-2}{2 \cdot (-1)} = -1$.\t<br>Вершина параболы находится в точке $x = -1$. Это точка максимума.\t<br>Таким образом, слева от точки $x = -1$ (на интервале $(-\infty; -1)$) функция возрастает, а справа от нее (на интервале $(-1; +\infty)$) — убывает.</p><p>\t<strong>Определение знака f'(1)</strong>\t<br>Точка $x=1$ находится правее вершины параболы ($1 > -1$), то есть на интервале, где функция $f(x)$ убывает. Следовательно, производная в этой точке отрицательна.\t<br>Ответ: $f'(1) < 0$.</p><p>\t<strong>Определение знака f'(0)</strong>\t<br>Точка $x=0$ также находится правее вершины ($0 > -1$), на интервале убывания функции. Значит, производная в этой точке отрицательна.\t<br>Ответ: $f'(0) < 0$.</p><p>\t<strong>Определение знака f'(-1)</strong>\t<br>Точка $x=-1$ является вершиной параболы, то есть точкой максимума. В этой точке функция не возрастает и не убывает, а касательная к графику горизонтальна. Поэтому производная в этой точке равна нулю.\t<br>Ответ: $f'(-1) = 0$.</p><p>\t<strong>Определение знака f'(-3)</strong>\t<br>Точка $x=-3$ находится левее вершины ($-3 < -1$), то есть на интервале, где функция $f(x)$ возрастает. Следовательно, производная в этой точке положительна.\t<br>Ответ: $f'(-3) > 0$.</p>"
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            "text" => "<p>\tДля определения знаков производной функции по её графику используется геометрический смысл производной. Знак производной $f'(x)$ в точке $x_0$ показывает, возрастает или убывает функция $f(x)$ в этой точке:\t<br> • если функция возрастает (график идет вверх), то её производная в этой точке положительна: $f'(x_0) > 0$;\t<br> • если функция убывает (график идет вниз), то её производная в этой точке отрицательна: $f'(x_0) < 0$;\t<br> • если в точке находится вершина графика (точка экстремума), то касательная к графику горизонтальна, и производная равна нулю: $f'(x_0) = 0$.</p><p>\tРассмотрим функцию $f(x) = -x^2 - 2x$. Это квадратичная функция, её график — парабола. Так как коэффициент при $x^2$ равен $-1$ (отрицательный), ветви параболы направлены вниз.\t<br>Найдем координату $x$ вершины параболы по формуле $x_v = -\frac{b}{2a}$. Для нашей функции $a=-1$ и $b=-2$.\t<br>$x_v = -\frac{-2}{2 \cdot (-1)} = -1$.\t<br>Вершина параболы находится в точке $x = -1$. Это точка максимума.\t<br>Таким образом, слева от точки $x = -1$ (на интервале $(-\infty; -1)$) функция возрастает, а справа от нее (на интервале $(-1; +\infty)$) — убывает.</p><p>\t<strong>Определение знака f'(1)</strong>\t<br>Точка $x=1$ находится правее вершины параболы ($1 > -1$), то есть на интервале, где функция $f(x)$ убывает. Следовательно, производная в этой точке отрицательна.\t<br>Ответ: $f'(1) < 0$.</p><p>\t<strong>Определение знака f'(0)</strong>\t<br>Точка $x=0$ также находится правее вершины ($0 > -1$), на интервале убывания функции. Значит, производная в этой точке отрицательна.\t<br>Ответ: $f'(0) < 0$.</p><p>\t<strong>Определение знака f'(-1)</strong>\t<br>Точка $x=-1$ является вершиной параболы, то есть точкой максимума. В этой точке функция не возрастает и не убывает, а касательная к графику горизонтальна. Поэтому производная в этой точке равна нулю.\t<br>Ответ: $f'(-1) = 0$.</p><p>\t<strong>Определение знака f'(-3)</strong>\t<br>Точка $x=-3$ находится левее вершины ($-3 < -1$), то есть на интервале, где функция $f(x)$ возрастает. Следовательно, производная в этой точке положительна.\t<br>Ответ: $f'(-3) > 0$.</p>"
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                3 => App\Models\Task {#3058
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                4 => App\Models\Task {#3070
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                5 => App\Models\Task {#3082
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№16 (с. 32)
Условие. №16 (с. 32)
скриншот условия
Алгебра, 10 класс Учебник, авторы: Пак Олег Владимирович, Ардакулы Дархан, Ескендирова Елена Викторовна, издательство Алматыкітап баспасы, Алматы, 2019, Часть 2, страница 32, номер 16, Условие

16. (1) По графику функции $f(x)=-x^2-2x$ определите знаки чисел $f'(1)$, $f'(0)$, $f'(-1)$, $f'(-3)$.

Решение 2 (rus). №16 (с. 32)

Для определения знаков производной функции по её графику используется геометрический смысл производной. Знак производной $f'(x)$ в точке $x_0$ показывает, возрастает или убывает функция $f(x)$ в этой точке:
• если функция возрастает (график идет вверх), то её производная в этой точке положительна: $f'(x_0) > 0$;
• если функция убывает (график идет вниз), то её производная в этой точке отрицательна: $f'(x_0) < 0$;
• если в точке находится вершина графика (точка экстремума), то касательная к графику горизонтальна, и производная равна нулю: $f'(x_0) = 0$.

Рассмотрим функцию $f(x) = -x^2 - 2x$. Это квадратичная функция, её график — парабола. Так как коэффициент при $x^2$ равен $-1$ (отрицательный), ветви параболы направлены вниз.
Найдем координату $x$ вершины параболы по формуле $x_v = -\frac{b}{2a}$. Для нашей функции $a=-1$ и $b=-2$.
$x_v = -\frac{-2}{2 \cdot (-1)} = -1$.
Вершина параболы находится в точке $x = -1$. Это точка максимума.
Таким образом, слева от точки $x = -1$ (на интервале $(-\infty; -1)$) функция возрастает, а справа от нее (на интервале $(-1; +\infty)$) — убывает.

Определение знака f'(1)
Точка $x=1$ находится правее вершины параболы ($1 > -1$), то есть на интервале, где функция $f(x)$ убывает. Следовательно, производная в этой точке отрицательна.
Ответ: $f'(1) < 0$.

Определение знака f'(0)
Точка $x=0$ также находится правее вершины ($0 > -1$), на интервале убывания функции. Значит, производная в этой точке отрицательна.
Ответ: $f'(0) < 0$.

Определение знака f'(-1)
Точка $x=-1$ является вершиной параболы, то есть точкой максимума. В этой точке функция не возрастает и не убывает, а касательная к графику горизонтальна. Поэтому производная в этой точке равна нулю.
Ответ: $f'(-1) = 0$.

Определение знака f'(-3)
Точка $x=-3$ находится левее вершины ($-3 < -1$), то есть на интервале, где функция $f(x)$ возрастает. Следовательно, производная в этой точке положительна.
Ответ: $f'(-3) > 0$.

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