Номер 581, страница 149 - гдз по геометрии 10-11 класс учебник Атанасян, Бутузов

Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета

Авторы: Атанасян Л. С., Бутузов В. Ф., Кадомцев С. Б., Позняк Э. Г., Киселёва Л. С.

Тип: Учебник

Издательство: Просвещение

Год издания: 2019 - 2026

Уровень обучения: базовый и углублённый

Цвет обложки: коричневый с ромбами

ISBN: 978-5-09-103606-0 (2023)

Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации

Математика: алгебра и начала математического анализа, геометрия

Глава 6. Векторы в пространстве. Параграф 2. Сложение и вычитание векторов. Умножение вектора на число - номер 581, страница 149.

App\Models\Task {#1030 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php
  #connection: "mysql"
  #table: "tasks"
  #primaryKey: "id"
  #keyType: "int"
  +incrementing: true
  #with: []
  #withCount: []
  +preventsLazyLoading: false
  #perPage: 15
  +exists: true
  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
  #attributes: array:24 [
    "id" => 744996
    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
    "updated_at" => null
    "field_page_start" => "149"
    "field_page_end" => null
    "field_url" => "/10-klass/geometrija/atanasjan-uchebnik/00-581"
    "field_display_title" => "581"
    "field_outside_task" => null
    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037
      #items: array:1 [
        0 => App\Models\Term {#1036
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "terms"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: false
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          #attributes: array:6 [
            "id" => 26
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "name" => "номер"
            "field_cases" => array:6 [
              "field_accusative_case" => "номер"
              "field_creative_case" => "номером"
              "field_dative_case" => "номеру"
              "field_genitive_case" => "номера"
              "field_nominative_case" => "номер"
              "field_prepositional_case" => "номере"
            ]
            "field_short_name" => ""
          ]
          #original: array:6 [
            "id" => 26
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "name" => "номер"
            "field_cases" => array:6 [
              "field_accusative_case" => "номер"
              "field_creative_case" => "номером"
              "field_dative_case" => "номеру"
              "field_genitive_case" => "номера"
              "field_nominative_case" => "номер"
              "field_prepositional_case" => "номере"
            ]
            "field_short_name" => ""
          ]
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            0 => "*"
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    "field_match" => null
    "breadcrumbs" => []
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    "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1046
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        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045
          #connection: "mysql"
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          #keyType: "int"
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          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 744399
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Векторы в пространстве"
            "field_branch_order" => "6"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1047
                  #connection: "mysql"
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                  #primaryKey: "id"
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                  #attributes: array:7 [
                    "id" => 29
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Глава"
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                  #original: array:7 [
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                    "name" => "Глава"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
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                  ]
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            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1049
                  #connection: "mysql"
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                  #attributes: array:50 [
                    "id" => 36
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                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks"
                    "field_pages_status" => null
                    "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1051
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1048
                          #connection: "mysql"
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                          #attributes: array:10 [ …10]
                          #original: array:10 [ …10]
                          #changes: []
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                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
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                          +timestamps: true
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                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052
                      #items: array:2 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1053
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [ …6]
                          #original: array:6 [ …6]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
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                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                        }
                        1 => App\Models\Term {#1054
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [ …6]
                          #original: array:6 [ …6]
                          #changes: []
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                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
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                          #dispatchesEvents: []
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                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1056
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
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                          +exists: true
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                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [ …6]
                          #original: array:6 [ …6]
                          #changes: []
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                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
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                          #dispatchesEvents: []
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                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057
                      #items: array:5 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1058
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:12 [ …12]
                          #original: array:12 [ …12]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
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                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                        }
                        1 => App\Models\Term {#1059
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
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                          #original: array:12 [ …12]
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                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                        }
                        2 => App\Models\Term {#1060
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
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                          +timestamps: true
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                          #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                        }
                        3 => App\Models\Term {#1061
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
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                          #with: []
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                        }
                        4 => App\Models\Term {#1062
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
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                          #original: array:12 [ …12]
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                          #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
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                    "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1065
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
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                        }
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                    "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1067
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
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                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1069
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
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                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070
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                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1075
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                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1076
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                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1077
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                          #visible: []
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                          #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1078
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
                    "field_cover_description" => "с ромбами"
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                    "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для общеобразовательных организаций"
                    "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации"
                    "field_reserve_field" => "Математика: алгебра и начала математического анализа, геометрия"
                    "field_link_to_source" => null
                    "field_tasks_count" => "1147"
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                      0 => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1739363242"
                    ]
                    "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [
                      0 => ""
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                      0 => array:4 [
                        "path" => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1739363242"
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                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1083
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                        }
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                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071}
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1072}
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                    "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для общеобразовательных организаций"
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            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1084
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      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
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    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1121
      #items: array:2 [
        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1129
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
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          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
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          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 744399
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Векторы в пространстве"
            "field_branch_order" => "6"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1047}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "142"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
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            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1049}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 744399
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Векторы в пространстве"
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            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131}
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          ]
        }
        1 => App\Models\Branch {#1133
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
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          #attributes: array:24 [
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            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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            "field_branch_order" => "2"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1134
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
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                  #perPage: 15
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                  #attributes: array:7 [
                    "id" => 32
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                    "name" => "Параграф"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
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                  ]
                  #original: array:7 [
                    "id" => 32
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Параграф"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => null
                    "field_short_name" => "§"
                  ]
                  #changes: []
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                    0 => "*"
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                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
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            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136
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              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045}
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              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
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          ]
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      ]
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    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1038
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                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1106
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                  ]
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              ]
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            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "744996"
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              <p><strong>581.</strong> Диагонали куба <em>ABCDA₁B₁C₁D₁</em> пересекаются в точке <em>О</em>. Найдите число <em>k</em>, такое, что:</p><figure><figure>\n
               <img src="/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/0-00/581.webp?ts=1745679743" alt="Диагонали куба пересекаются в точке" loading="lazy" width="962" height="138">\n
               </figure>\n
              <figcaption> </figcaption></figure>
              """
            "img" => array:1 [
              0 => array:5 [
                "name" => "581-1.jpg"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "1545"
                "height" => 184
                "path" => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/0-00/581-1.webp?ts=1739436755"
              ]
            ]
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              <p><strong>581.</strong> Диагонали куба <em>ABCDA₁B₁C₁D₁</em> пересекаются в точке <em>О</em>. Найдите число <em>k</em>, такое, что:</p><figure><figure>\n
               <img src="/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/0-00/581.webp?ts=1745679743" alt="Диагонали куба пересекаются в точке" loading="lazy" width="962" height="138">\n
               </figure>\n
              <figcaption> </figcaption></figure>
              """
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        3 => App\Models\Element {#1100
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        4 => App\Models\Element {#1094
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        5 => App\Models\Element {#1143
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            "text" => "<p><strong>а)</strong></p><p>Рассмотрим векторы $\vec{AB}$ и $\vec{CD}$ в кубе $ABCDA_1B_1C_1D_1$. Грань $ABCD$ является квадратом. Рёбра $AB$ и $CD$ — это противоположные стороны этого квадрата. Следовательно, они параллельны и равны по длине, то есть $|\vec{AB}| = |\vec{CD}|$.</p><p>Вектор $\vec{AB}$ направлен от точки A к точке B. Вектор $\vec{CD}$ направлен от точки C к точке D. Векторы, лежащие на параллельных прямых, называются коллинеарными. Так как прямые $AB$ и $CD$ параллельны, то векторы $\vec{AB}$ и $\vec{CD}$ коллинеарны.</p><p>Если рассмотреть грань $ABCD$, то движение от A к B происходит в одном направлении (например, вдоль оси Ox), а движение от C к D — в противоположном. Таким образом, векторы $\vec{AB}$ и $\vec{CD}$ противоположно направлены.</p><p>Поскольку векторы $\vec{AB}$ и $\vec{CD}$ имеют равные модули и противоположные направления, то $\vec{AB} = -1 \cdot \vec{CD}$. Сравнивая это с равенством из условия $\vec{AB} = k \cdot \vec{CD}$, получаем, что $k = -1$.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> $k = -1$.</p><p><strong>б)</strong></p><p>Рассмотрим векторы $\vec{AC_1}$ и $\vec{AO}$. $AC_1$ — это главная диагональ куба. Точка O является точкой пересечения всех главных диагоналей куба. По свойству диагоналей куба, они пересекаются в одной точке и делятся этой точкой пополам.</p><p>Следовательно, точка O является серединой диагонали $AC_1$. Это означает, что точки A, O и $C_1$ лежат на одной прямой. Векторы $\vec{AC_1}$ и $\vec{AO}$ начинаются в одной точке A и направлены вдоль одной прямой в одну и ту же сторону (от A к $C_1$). Значит, они сонаправлены, и коэффициент $k$ будет положительным.</p><p>Так как O — середина отрезка $AC_1$, то длина отрезка $AC_1$ в два раза больше длины отрезка $AO$: $|AC_1| = 2 \cdot |AO|$.</p><p>Поскольку векторы $\vec{AC_1}$ и $\vec{AO}$ сонаправлены, то из равенства $\vec{AC_1} = k \cdot \vec{AO}$ следует, что $k$ равен отношению их длин:</p><p>$k = \frac{|\vec{AC_1}|}{|\vec{AO}|} = \frac{2 \cdot |AO|}{|AO|} = 2$</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> $k = 2$.</p><p><strong>в)</strong></p><p>Рассмотрим векторы $\vec{OB_1}$ и $\vec{B_1D}$. Точки O, $B_1$ и D лежат на одной из главных диагоналей куба — $DB_1$. Точка O является серединой этой диагонали.</p><p>Таким образом, векторы $\vec{OB_1}$ и $\vec{B_1D}$ коллинеарны, так как лежат на одной прямой $DB_1$.</p><p>Определим их направления. Вектор $\vec{OB_1}$ направлен от центра куба O к вершине $B_1$. Вектор $\vec{B_1D}$ направлен от вершины $B_1$ к вершине D. Эти направления противоположны. Следовательно, коэффициент $k$ в равенстве $\vec{OB_1} = k \cdot \vec{B_1D}$ будет отрицательным.</p><p>Теперь найдём соотношение их длин. Точка O — середина $DB_1$, поэтому длина отрезка $OB_1$ равна половине длины отрезка $DB_1$.</p><p>$|OB_1| = \frac{1}{2} |DB_1|$</p><p>Длина вектора $\vec{OB_1}$ равна $|OB_1|$, а длина вектора $\vec{B_1D}$ равна $|B_1D|$. Так как O - середина, то $|B_1D| = |DB_1|$.</p><p>Из векторного равенства $\vec{OB_1} = k \cdot \vec{B_1D}$ следует равенство их модулей: $|\vec{OB_1}| = |k| \cdot |\vec{B_1D}|$.</p><p>$|k| = \frac{|\vec{OB_1}|}{|\vec{B_1D}|} = \frac{\frac{1}{2} |DB_1|}{|DB_1|} = \frac{1}{2}$</p><p>Поскольку векторы направлены в противоположные стороны, $k$ должен быть отрицательным. Значит, $k = -\frac{1}{2}$.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> $k = -\frac{1}{2}$.</p>"
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            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "744996"
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            "text" => "<p><strong>а)</strong></p><p>Рассмотрим векторы $\vec{AB}$ и $\vec{CD}$ в кубе $ABCDA_1B_1C_1D_1$. Грань $ABCD$ является квадратом. Рёбра $AB$ и $CD$ — это противоположные стороны этого квадрата. Следовательно, они параллельны и равны по длине, то есть $|\vec{AB}| = |\vec{CD}|$.</p><p>Вектор $\vec{AB}$ направлен от точки A к точке B. Вектор $\vec{CD}$ направлен от точки C к точке D. Векторы, лежащие на параллельных прямых, называются коллинеарными. Так как прямые $AB$ и $CD$ параллельны, то векторы $\vec{AB}$ и $\vec{CD}$ коллинеарны.</p><p>Если рассмотреть грань $ABCD$, то движение от A к B происходит в одном направлении (например, вдоль оси Ox), а движение от C к D — в противоположном. Таким образом, векторы $\vec{AB}$ и $\vec{CD}$ противоположно направлены.</p><p>Поскольку векторы $\vec{AB}$ и $\vec{CD}$ имеют равные модули и противоположные направления, то $\vec{AB} = -1 \cdot \vec{CD}$. Сравнивая это с равенством из условия $\vec{AB} = k \cdot \vec{CD}$, получаем, что $k = -1$.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> $k = -1$.</p><p><strong>б)</strong></p><p>Рассмотрим векторы $\vec{AC_1}$ и $\vec{AO}$. $AC_1$ — это главная диагональ куба. Точка O является точкой пересечения всех главных диагоналей куба. По свойству диагоналей куба, они пересекаются в одной точке и делятся этой точкой пополам.</p><p>Следовательно, точка O является серединой диагонали $AC_1$. Это означает, что точки A, O и $C_1$ лежат на одной прямой. Векторы $\vec{AC_1}$ и $\vec{AO}$ начинаются в одной точке A и направлены вдоль одной прямой в одну и ту же сторону (от A к $C_1$). Значит, они сонаправлены, и коэффициент $k$ будет положительным.</p><p>Так как O — середина отрезка $AC_1$, то длина отрезка $AC_1$ в два раза больше длины отрезка $AO$: $|AC_1| = 2 \cdot |AO|$.</p><p>Поскольку векторы $\vec{AC_1}$ и $\vec{AO}$ сонаправлены, то из равенства $\vec{AC_1} = k \cdot \vec{AO}$ следует, что $k$ равен отношению их длин:</p><p>$k = \frac{|\vec{AC_1}|}{|\vec{AO}|} = \frac{2 \cdot |AO|}{|AO|} = 2$</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> $k = 2$.</p><p><strong>в)</strong></p><p>Рассмотрим векторы $\vec{OB_1}$ и $\vec{B_1D}$. Точки O, $B_1$ и D лежат на одной из главных диагоналей куба — $DB_1$. Точка O является серединой этой диагонали.</p><p>Таким образом, векторы $\vec{OB_1}$ и $\vec{B_1D}$ коллинеарны, так как лежат на одной прямой $DB_1$.</p><p>Определим их направления. Вектор $\vec{OB_1}$ направлен от центра куба O к вершине $B_1$. Вектор $\vec{B_1D}$ направлен от вершины $B_1$ к вершине D. Эти направления противоположны. Следовательно, коэффициент $k$ в равенстве $\vec{OB_1} = k \cdot \vec{B_1D}$ будет отрицательным.</p><p>Теперь найдём соотношение их длин. Точка O — середина $DB_1$, поэтому длина отрезка $OB_1$ равна половине длины отрезка $DB_1$.</p><p>$|OB_1| = \frac{1}{2} |DB_1|$</p><p>Длина вектора $\vec{OB_1}$ равна $|OB_1|$, а длина вектора $\vec{B_1D}$ равна $|B_1D|$. Так как O - середина, то $|B_1D| = |DB_1|$.</p><p>Из векторного равенства $\vec{OB_1} = k \cdot \vec{B_1D}$ следует равенство их модулей: $|\vec{OB_1}| = |k| \cdot |\vec{B_1D}|$.</p><p>$|k| = \frac{|\vec{OB_1}|}{|\vec{B_1D}|} = \frac{\frac{1}{2} |DB_1|}{|DB_1|} = \frac{1}{2}$</p><p>Поскольку векторы направлены в противоположные стороны, $k$ должен быть отрицательным. Значит, $k = -\frac{1}{2}$.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> $k = -\frac{1}{2}$.</p>"
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                1 => App\Models\Task {#1251
                  #connection: "mysql"
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                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
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                2 => App\Models\Task {#1270
                  #connection: "mysql"
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                3 => App\Models\Task {#1289
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
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                4 => App\Models\Task {#1308
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
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                5 => App\Models\Task {#1327
                  #connection: "mysql"
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                  #keyType: "int"
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                6 => App\Models\Task {#1346
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
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                  #withCount: []
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                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
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                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [ …24]
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                  +timestamps: true
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                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
                7 => App\Models\Task {#1365
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
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                  #attributes: array:24 [ …24]
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                8 => App\Models\Task {#1384
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
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                  +exists: true
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                  #attributes: array:24 [ …24]
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                9 => App\Models\Task {#1403
                  #connection: "mysql"
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                  #primaryKey: "id"
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                  +exists: true
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                  #attributes: array:24 [ …24]
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                  +timestamps: true
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                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
                10 => App\Models\Task {#1422
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:24 [ …24]
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№581 (с. 149)
Условие. №581 (с. 149)
скриншот условия
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 149, номер 581, Условие

581. Диагонали куба ABCDA₁B₁C₁D₁ пересекаются в точке О. Найдите число k, такое, что:

Диагонали куба пересекаются в точке
Решение 2. №581 (с. 149)
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 149, номер 581, Решение 2
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 149, номер 581, Решение 2 (продолжение 2)
Решение 3. №581 (с. 149)
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 149, номер 581, Решение 3
Решение 4. №581 (с. 149)
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 149, номер 581, Решение 4
Решение 5. №581 (с. 149)
Решение 6. №581 (с. 149)

а)

Рассмотрим векторы $\vec{AB}$ и $\vec{CD}$ в кубе $ABCDA_1B_1C_1D_1$. Грань $ABCD$ является квадратом. Рёбра $AB$ и $CD$ — это противоположные стороны этого квадрата. Следовательно, они параллельны и равны по длине, то есть $|\vec{AB}| = |\vec{CD}|$.

Вектор $\vec{AB}$ направлен от точки A к точке B. Вектор $\vec{CD}$ направлен от точки C к точке D. Векторы, лежащие на параллельных прямых, называются коллинеарными. Так как прямые $AB$ и $CD$ параллельны, то векторы $\vec{AB}$ и $\vec{CD}$ коллинеарны.

Если рассмотреть грань $ABCD$, то движение от A к B происходит в одном направлении (например, вдоль оси Ox), а движение от C к D — в противоположном. Таким образом, векторы $\vec{AB}$ и $\vec{CD}$ противоположно направлены.

Поскольку векторы $\vec{AB}$ и $\vec{CD}$ имеют равные модули и противоположные направления, то $\vec{AB} = -1 \cdot \vec{CD}$. Сравнивая это с равенством из условия $\vec{AB} = k \cdot \vec{CD}$, получаем, что $k = -1$.

Ответ: $k = -1$.

б)

Рассмотрим векторы $\vec{AC_1}$ и $\vec{AO}$. $AC_1$ — это главная диагональ куба. Точка O является точкой пересечения всех главных диагоналей куба. По свойству диагоналей куба, они пересекаются в одной точке и делятся этой точкой пополам.

Следовательно, точка O является серединой диагонали $AC_1$. Это означает, что точки A, O и $C_1$ лежат на одной прямой. Векторы $\vec{AC_1}$ и $\vec{AO}$ начинаются в одной точке A и направлены вдоль одной прямой в одну и ту же сторону (от A к $C_1$). Значит, они сонаправлены, и коэффициент $k$ будет положительным.

Так как O — середина отрезка $AC_1$, то длина отрезка $AC_1$ в два раза больше длины отрезка $AO$: $|AC_1| = 2 \cdot |AO|$.

Поскольку векторы $\vec{AC_1}$ и $\vec{AO}$ сонаправлены, то из равенства $\vec{AC_1} = k \cdot \vec{AO}$ следует, что $k$ равен отношению их длин:

$k = \frac{|\vec{AC_1}|}{|\vec{AO}|} = \frac{2 \cdot |AO|}{|AO|} = 2$

Ответ: $k = 2$.

в)

Рассмотрим векторы $\vec{OB_1}$ и $\vec{B_1D}$. Точки O, $B_1$ и D лежат на одной из главных диагоналей куба — $DB_1$. Точка O является серединой этой диагонали.

Таким образом, векторы $\vec{OB_1}$ и $\vec{B_1D}$ коллинеарны, так как лежат на одной прямой $DB_1$.

Определим их направления. Вектор $\vec{OB_1}$ направлен от центра куба O к вершине $B_1$. Вектор $\vec{B_1D}$ направлен от вершины $B_1$ к вершине D. Эти направления противоположны. Следовательно, коэффициент $k$ в равенстве $\vec{OB_1} = k \cdot \vec{B_1D}$ будет отрицательным.

Теперь найдём соотношение их длин. Точка O — середина $DB_1$, поэтому длина отрезка $OB_1$ равна половине длины отрезка $DB_1$.

$|OB_1| = \frac{1}{2} |DB_1|$

Длина вектора $\vec{OB_1}$ равна $|OB_1|$, а длина вектора $\vec{B_1D}$ равна $|B_1D|$. Так как O - середина, то $|B_1D| = |DB_1|$.

Из векторного равенства $\vec{OB_1} = k \cdot \vec{B_1D}$ следует равенство их модулей: $|\vec{OB_1}| = |k| \cdot |\vec{B_1D}|$.

$|k| = \frac{|\vec{OB_1}|}{|\vec{B_1D}|} = \frac{\frac{1}{2} |DB_1|}{|DB_1|} = \frac{1}{2}$

Поскольку векторы направлены в противоположные стороны, $k$ должен быть отрицательным. Значит, $k = -\frac{1}{2}$.

Ответ: $k = -\frac{1}{2}$.

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