Номер 635, страница 159 - гдз по геометрии 10-11 класс учебник Атанасян, Бутузов

Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета

Авторы: Атанасян Л. С., Бутузов В. Ф., Кадомцев С. Б., Позняк Э. Г., Киселёва Л. С.

Тип: Учебник

Издательство: Просвещение

Год издания: 2019 - 2026

Уровень обучения: базовый и углублённый

Цвет обложки: коричневый с ромбами

ISBN: 978-5-09-103606-0 (2023)

Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации

Математика: алгебра и начала математического анализа, геометрия

Глава 6. Векторы в пространстве. Параграф 3. Компланарные векторы, дополнительные задачи - номер 635, страница 159.

App\Models\Task {#1030 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php
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                    "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052
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                        1 => App\Models\Term {#1054
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                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                            "field_name" => "Людмила"
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                          ]
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                      ]
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                    }
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                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1065
                          #connection: "mysql"
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                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                          ]
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                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1067
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                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
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                            "field_translit" => "rossiya"
                          ]
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                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
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                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068
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                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1069
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
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                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 15
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
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                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "moskva"
                          ]
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                            "id" => 15
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                    }
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                    }
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1072
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                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1073
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                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
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                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
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                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "bazovyy i uglublennyy"
                          ]
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                            "field_translit" => "bazovyy i uglublennyy"
                          ]
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                      ]
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                    }
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1074
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                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1075
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
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                            "updated_at" => null
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                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_color" => null
                            "field_end_year" => "2022"
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                          ]
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                            "updated_at" => null
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                    "field_publication_number" => "11"
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                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1077
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
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                            "updated_at" => null
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                            "field_translit" => "stereotipnoe"
                          ]
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                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                      ]
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                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1078
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                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
                    "field_cover_description" => "с ромбами"
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                    "field_part" => ""
                    "field_part_writing" => ""
                    "field_second_foreign_language" => null
                    "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для общеобразовательных организаций"
                    "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации"
                    "field_reserve_field" => "Математика: алгебра и начала математического анализа, геометрия"
                    "field_link_to_source" => null
                    "field_tasks_count" => "1147"
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                    "field_default_folder" => "/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/"
                    "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-103606-0 (2023)"
                    "field_cover" => array:1 [
                      0 => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1739363242"
                    ]
                    "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [
                      0 => ""
                    ]
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                      0 => array:4 [
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                        "alt" => ""
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                        "height" => "1661"
                      ]
                    ]
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                    "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1079
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                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
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                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
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                      #items: []
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                    }
                    "field_url" => "/10-klass/geometrija/atanasjan-uchebnik"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1083
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
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                          #attributes: array:6 [ …6]
                          #original: array:6 [ …6]
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                        }
                      ]
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                    }
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                    ]
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                    "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1051}
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                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071}
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1072}
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1074}
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                    "field_part" => ""
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                      0 => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1739363242"
                    ]
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                      0 => ""
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                      ]
                    ]
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                    "field_url" => "/10-klass/geometrija/atanasjan-uchebnik"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082}
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                  ]
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                    0 => "*"
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                }
              ]
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            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1084
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            }
          ]
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            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050}
            "field_page_start" => "142"
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            "field_navigation_title" => null
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            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086}
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          ]
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            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1121
      #items: array:2 [
        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1129
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
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          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 744399
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Векторы в пространстве"
            "field_branch_order" => "6"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1047}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "142"
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            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
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            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
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            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1049}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 744399
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Векторы в пространстве"
            "field_branch_order" => "6"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130}
            "field_page_start" => "142"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132}
          ]
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          #dateFormat: null
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          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
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          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        1 => App\Models\Branch {#1133
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 744404
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Компланарные векторы, дополнительные задачи"
            "field_branch_order" => "3"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1134
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
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                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
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                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:7 [
                    "id" => 32
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Параграф"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => null
                    "field_short_name" => "§"
                  ]
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                    "id" => 32
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Параграф"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => null
                    "field_short_name" => "§"
                  ]
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                    0 => "*"
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                }
              ]
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            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136
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                0 => App\Models\Book {#1049}
              ]
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            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
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            "id" => 744404
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Компланарные векторы, дополнительные задачи"
            "field_branch_order" => "3"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137}
            "field_page_start" => "157"
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            "field_h1" => null
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            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135}
          ]
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            0 => "*"
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        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
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    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1118
      #items: array:5 [
        0 => App\Models\Element {#1108
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "elements"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
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          #attributes: array:7 [
            "id" => 939397
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1101
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                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1109
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "editions"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
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                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:21 [
                    "id" => 2315
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Условие"
                    "field_order" => "1"
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1107 …2}
                    "field_content_type" => "free"
                    "field_content_mode" => "text, image"
                    "field_page_content_mode" => "image"
                    "field_content_text_checked" => null
                    "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_solution_author" => "Автор"
                    "field_moderator" => "pasha"
                    "field_edition_type" => "statement"
                    "field_root_dir" => "0-"
                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1105 …2}
                    "field_comment" => null
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                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102 …2}
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                  ]
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                    "id" => 2315
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                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Условие"
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                    "field_comment" => null
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                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102 …2}
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                  ]
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                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "745050"
              "type" => "task"
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            "text" => "<p> <b>635.</b> Треугольники ABC, A₁B₁C₁ и А₂В₂С₂ расположены так, что точки А, В, С являются серединами отрезков А₁А₂, B₁B₂, С₁С₂ соответственно. Докажите, что точки пересечения медиан треугольников ABC, A₁B₁C₁ и А₂В₂С₂ лежат на одной прямой. </p>"
            "img" => array:1 [
              0 => array:5 [
                "name" => "635-1.jpg"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "1534"
                "height" => 255
                "path" => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/0-00/635-1.webp?ts=1739436793"
              ]
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          ]
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            "id" => 939397
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1101}
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "745050"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "text" => "<p> <b>635.</b> Треугольники ABC, A₁B₁C₁ и А₂В₂С₂ расположены так, что точки А, В, С являются серединами отрезков А₁А₂, B₁B₂, С₁С₂ соответственно. Докажите, что точки пересечения медиан треугольников ABC, A₁B₁C₁ и А₂В₂С₂ лежат на одной прямой. </p>"
            "img" => array:1 [
              0 => array:5 [
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                "alt" => null
                "width" => "1534"
                "height" => 255
                "path" => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/0-00/635-1.webp?ts=1739436793"
              ]
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          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        1 => App\Models\Element {#1087
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "elements"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
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          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:6 [
            "id" => 942361
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1125
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1043
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "editions"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
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                  #attributes: array:21 [
                    "id" => 2317
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Решение 2"
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                    "field_edition_type" => "solution"
                    "field_root_dir" => "2-"
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                    "field_process_formula" => ""
                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1128 …2}
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                  ]
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                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Решение 2"
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                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1039 …2}
                    "field_content_type" => "free"
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                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1120 …2}
                    "field_comment" => null
                    "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1119 …2}
                    "field_process_formula" => ""
                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1128 …2}
                    "field_content_source" => null
                  ]
                  #changes: []
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                  #attributeCastCache: []
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                  +timestamps: true
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                    0 => "*"
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              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
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            "task" => array:2 [
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              "type" => "task"
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            "img" => array:1 [
              0 => array:5 [
                "name" => "635-1.png"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "694"
                "height" => 6490
                "path" => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/2-00/635-1.webp?ts=1739441519"
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          ]
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            "id" => 942361
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1125}
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              "refs" => "745050"
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                "name" => "635-1.png"
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                "width" => "694"
                "height" => 6490
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          ]
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            0 => "*"
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        2 => App\Models\Element {#1095
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "elements"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
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          #attributes: array:6 [
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            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1094
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "editions"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
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                  #attributes: array:21 [
                    "id" => 2318
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Решение 3"
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                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1089 …2}
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                    "field_solution_author" => "Неизвестный"
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                    "field_edition_type" => "solution"
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              "refs" => "745050"
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            "text" => "<p>Для решения этой задачи воспользуемся векторным методом. Пусть O — произвольная точка в пространстве, которую мы примем за начало координат. Обозначим радиус-векторы вершин треугольников как $\vec{a}, \vec{b}, \vec{c}$ для треугольника $ABC$; $\vec{a_1}, \vec{b_1}, \vec{c_1}$ для треугольника $A_1B_1C_1$; и $\vec{a_2}, \vec{b_2}, \vec{c_2}$ для треугольника $A_2B_2C_2$.</p><p>Точка пересечения медиан треугольника, также известная как центроид, имеет радиус-вектор, который равен среднему арифметическому радиус-векторов его вершин.</p><p>Пусть M, M?, M? — точки пересечения медиан (центроиды) треугольников $ABC$, $A_1B_1C_1$ и $A_2B_2C_2$ соответственно. Их радиус-векторы $\vec{m}$, $\vec{m_1}$, $\vec{m_2}$ определяются следующими формулами:</p><p>$\vec{m} = \frac{\vec{a} + \vec{b} + \vec{c}}{3}$</p><p>$\vec{m_1} = \frac{\vec{a_1} + \vec{b_1} + \vec{c_1}}{3}$</p><p>$\vec{m_2} = \frac{\vec{a_2} + \vec{b_2} + \vec{c_2}}{3}$</p><p>Согласно условию задачи, точки A, B, C являются серединами отрезков $A_1A_2$, $B_1B_2$, $C_1C_2$ соответственно. Это можно выразить в векторной форме. Радиус-вектор середины отрезка равен полусумме радиус-векторов его концов:</p><p>$\vec{a} = \frac{\vec{a_1} + \vec{a_2}}{2}$, что эквивалентно $2\vec{a} = \vec{a_1} + \vec{a_2}$</p><p>$\vec{b} = \frac{\vec{b_1} + \vec{b_2}}{2}$, что эквивалентно $2\vec{b} = \vec{b_1} + \vec{b_2}$</p><p>$\vec{c} = \frac{\vec{c_1} + \vec{c_2}}{2}$, что эквивалентно $2\vec{c} = \vec{c_1} + \vec{c_2}$</p><p>Теперь установим связь между радиус-векторами центроидов M, M? и M?. Для этого сложим радиус-векторы $\vec{m_1}$ и $\vec{m_2}$:</p><p>$\vec{m_1} + \vec{m_2} = \frac{\vec{a_1} + \vec{b_1} + \vec{c_1}}{3} + \frac{\vec{a_2} + \vec{b_2} + \vec{c_2}}{3} = \frac{(\vec{a_1} + \vec{a_2}) + (\vec{b_1} + \vec{b_2}) + (\vec{c_1} + \vec{c_2})}{3}$</p><p>Используем выведенные ранее соотношения для сумм векторов:</p><p>$\vec{m_1} + \vec{m_2} = \frac{2\vec{a} + 2\vec{b} + 2\vec{c}}{3} = 2 \left( \frac{\vec{a} + \vec{b} + \vec{c}}{3} \right)$</p><p>Так как выражение в скобках равно $\vec{m}$, получаем:</p><p>$\vec{m_1} + \vec{m_2} = 2\vec{m}$</p><p>Разделим обе части этого равенства на 2:</p><p>$\vec{m} = \frac{\vec{m_1} + \vec{m_2}}{2}$</p><p>Полученное равенство по определению означает, что точка M является серединой отрезка, соединяющего точки M? и M?. Три точки — начало отрезка, его середина и конец отрезка — всегда лежат на одной прямой.</p><p>Следовательно, точки M, M? и M? лежат на одной прямой, что и требовалось доказать.</p><p>Ответ: Утверждение доказано. Точка пересечения медиан треугольника $ABC$ является серединой отрезка, соединяющего точки пересечения медиан треугольников $A_1B_1C_1$ и $A_2B_2C_2$, а значит все три точки лежат на одной прямой.</p>"
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            "text" => "<p>Для решения этой задачи воспользуемся векторным методом. Пусть O — произвольная точка в пространстве, которую мы примем за начало координат. Обозначим радиус-векторы вершин треугольников как $\vec{a}, \vec{b}, \vec{c}$ для треугольника $ABC$; $\vec{a_1}, \vec{b_1}, \vec{c_1}$ для треугольника $A_1B_1C_1$; и $\vec{a_2}, \vec{b_2}, \vec{c_2}$ для треугольника $A_2B_2C_2$.</p><p>Точка пересечения медиан треугольника, также известная как центроид, имеет радиус-вектор, который равен среднему арифметическому радиус-векторов его вершин.</p><p>Пусть M, M?, M? — точки пересечения медиан (центроиды) треугольников $ABC$, $A_1B_1C_1$ и $A_2B_2C_2$ соответственно. Их радиус-векторы $\vec{m}$, $\vec{m_1}$, $\vec{m_2}$ определяются следующими формулами:</p><p>$\vec{m} = \frac{\vec{a} + \vec{b} + \vec{c}}{3}$</p><p>$\vec{m_1} = \frac{\vec{a_1} + \vec{b_1} + \vec{c_1}}{3}$</p><p>$\vec{m_2} = \frac{\vec{a_2} + \vec{b_2} + \vec{c_2}}{3}$</p><p>Согласно условию задачи, точки A, B, C являются серединами отрезков $A_1A_2$, $B_1B_2$, $C_1C_2$ соответственно. Это можно выразить в векторной форме. Радиус-вектор середины отрезка равен полусумме радиус-векторов его концов:</p><p>$\vec{a} = \frac{\vec{a_1} + \vec{a_2}}{2}$, что эквивалентно $2\vec{a} = \vec{a_1} + \vec{a_2}$</p><p>$\vec{b} = \frac{\vec{b_1} + \vec{b_2}}{2}$, что эквивалентно $2\vec{b} = \vec{b_1} + \vec{b_2}$</p><p>$\vec{c} = \frac{\vec{c_1} + \vec{c_2}}{2}$, что эквивалентно $2\vec{c} = \vec{c_1} + \vec{c_2}$</p><p>Теперь установим связь между радиус-векторами центроидов M, M? и M?. Для этого сложим радиус-векторы $\vec{m_1}$ и $\vec{m_2}$:</p><p>$\vec{m_1} + \vec{m_2} = \frac{\vec{a_1} + \vec{b_1} + \vec{c_1}}{3} + \frac{\vec{a_2} + \vec{b_2} + \vec{c_2}}{3} = \frac{(\vec{a_1} + \vec{a_2}) + (\vec{b_1} + \vec{b_2}) + (\vec{c_1} + \vec{c_2})}{3}$</p><p>Используем выведенные ранее соотношения для сумм векторов:</p><p>$\vec{m_1} + \vec{m_2} = \frac{2\vec{a} + 2\vec{b} + 2\vec{c}}{3} = 2 \left( \frac{\vec{a} + \vec{b} + \vec{c}}{3} \right)$</p><p>Так как выражение в скобках равно $\vec{m}$, получаем:</p><p>$\vec{m_1} + \vec{m_2} = 2\vec{m}$</p><p>Разделим обе части этого равенства на 2:</p><p>$\vec{m} = \frac{\vec{m_1} + \vec{m_2}}{2}$</p><p>Полученное равенство по определению означает, что точка M является серединой отрезка, соединяющего точки M? и M?. Три точки — начало отрезка, его середина и конец отрезка — всегда лежат на одной прямой.</p><p>Следовательно, точки M, M? и M? лежат на одной прямой, что и требовалось доказать.</p><p>Ответ: Утверждение доказано. Точка пересечения медиан треугольника $ABC$ является серединой отрезка, соединяющего точки пересечения медиан треугольников $A_1B_1C_1$ и $A_2B_2C_2$, а значит все три точки лежат на одной прямой.</p>"
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№635 (с. 159)
Условие. №635 (с. 159)
скриншот условия
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 159, номер 635, Условие

635. Треугольники ABC, A₁B₁C₁ и А₂В₂С₂ расположены так, что точки А, В, С являются серединами отрезков А₁А₂, B₁B₂, С₁С₂ соответственно. Докажите, что точки пересечения медиан треугольников ABC, A₁B₁C₁ и А₂В₂С₂ лежат на одной прямой.

Решение 2. №635 (с. 159)
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 159, номер 635, Решение 2
Решение 3. №635 (с. 159)
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 159, номер 635, Решение 3
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 159, номер 635, Решение 3 (продолжение 2)
Решение 5. №635 (с. 159)
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 159, номер 635, Решение 5
Решение 6. №635 (с. 159)

Для решения этой задачи воспользуемся векторным методом. Пусть O — произвольная точка в пространстве, которую мы примем за начало координат. Обозначим радиус-векторы вершин треугольников как $\vec{a}, \vec{b}, \vec{c}$ для треугольника $ABC$; $\vec{a_1}, \vec{b_1}, \vec{c_1}$ для треугольника $A_1B_1C_1$; и $\vec{a_2}, \vec{b_2}, \vec{c_2}$ для треугольника $A_2B_2C_2$.

Точка пересечения медиан треугольника, также известная как центроид, имеет радиус-вектор, который равен среднему арифметическому радиус-векторов его вершин.

Пусть M, M?, M? — точки пересечения медиан (центроиды) треугольников $ABC$, $A_1B_1C_1$ и $A_2B_2C_2$ соответственно. Их радиус-векторы $\vec{m}$, $\vec{m_1}$, $\vec{m_2}$ определяются следующими формулами:

$\vec{m} = \frac{\vec{a} + \vec{b} + \vec{c}}{3}$

$\vec{m_1} = \frac{\vec{a_1} + \vec{b_1} + \vec{c_1}}{3}$

$\vec{m_2} = \frac{\vec{a_2} + \vec{b_2} + \vec{c_2}}{3}$

Согласно условию задачи, точки A, B, C являются серединами отрезков $A_1A_2$, $B_1B_2$, $C_1C_2$ соответственно. Это можно выразить в векторной форме. Радиус-вектор середины отрезка равен полусумме радиус-векторов его концов:

$\vec{a} = \frac{\vec{a_1} + \vec{a_2}}{2}$, что эквивалентно $2\vec{a} = \vec{a_1} + \vec{a_2}$

$\vec{b} = \frac{\vec{b_1} + \vec{b_2}}{2}$, что эквивалентно $2\vec{b} = \vec{b_1} + \vec{b_2}$

$\vec{c} = \frac{\vec{c_1} + \vec{c_2}}{2}$, что эквивалентно $2\vec{c} = \vec{c_1} + \vec{c_2}$

Теперь установим связь между радиус-векторами центроидов M, M? и M?. Для этого сложим радиус-векторы $\vec{m_1}$ и $\vec{m_2}$:

$\vec{m_1} + \vec{m_2} = \frac{\vec{a_1} + \vec{b_1} + \vec{c_1}}{3} + \frac{\vec{a_2} + \vec{b_2} + \vec{c_2}}{3} = \frac{(\vec{a_1} + \vec{a_2}) + (\vec{b_1} + \vec{b_2}) + (\vec{c_1} + \vec{c_2})}{3}$

Используем выведенные ранее соотношения для сумм векторов:

$\vec{m_1} + \vec{m_2} = \frac{2\vec{a} + 2\vec{b} + 2\vec{c}}{3} = 2 \left( \frac{\vec{a} + \vec{b} + \vec{c}}{3} \right)$

Так как выражение в скобках равно $\vec{m}$, получаем:

$\vec{m_1} + \vec{m_2} = 2\vec{m}$

Разделим обе части этого равенства на 2:

$\vec{m} = \frac{\vec{m_1} + \vec{m_2}}{2}$

Полученное равенство по определению означает, что точка M является серединой отрезка, соединяющего точки M? и M?. Три точки — начало отрезка, его середина и конец отрезка — всегда лежат на одной прямой.

Следовательно, точки M, M? и M? лежат на одной прямой, что и требовалось доказать.

Ответ: Утверждение доказано. Точка пересечения медиан треугольника $ABC$ является серединой отрезка, соединяющего точки пересечения медиан треугольников $A_1B_1C_1$ и $A_2B_2C_2$, а значит все три точки лежат на одной прямой.

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