Номер 684, страница 176 - гдз по геометрии 10-11 класс учебник Атанасян, Бутузов

Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета

Авторы: Атанасян Л. С., Бутузов В. Ф., Кадомцев С. Б., Позняк Э. Г., Киселёва Л. С.

Тип: Учебник

Издательство: Просвещение

Год издания: 2019 - 2026

Уровень обучения: базовый и углублённый

Цвет обложки: коричневый с ромбами

ISBN: 978-5-09-103606-0 (2023)

Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации

Математика: алгебра и начала математического анализа, геометрия

Глава 7. Метод координат в пространстве. Движения. Параграф 2. Скалярное произведение векторов - номер 684, страница 176.

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                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1078
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
                    "field_cover_description" => "с ромбами"
                    "field_publication_year" => "2019"
                    "field_publication_year_until" => null
                    "field_part" => ""
                    "field_part_writing" => ""
                    "field_second_foreign_language" => null
                    "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для общеобразовательных организаций"
                    "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации"
                    "field_reserve_field" => "Математика: алгебра и начала математического анализа, геометрия"
                    "field_link_to_source" => null
                    "field_tasks_count" => "1147"
                    "field_priority" => "12"
                    "field_default_folder" => "/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/"
                    "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-103606-0 (2023)"
                    "field_cover" => array:1 [
                      0 => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1739363242"
                    ]
                    "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [
                      0 => ""
                    ]
                    "field_covers" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:4 [
                        "path" => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1739363242"
                        "alt" => ""
                        "width" => "1200"
                        "height" => "1661"
                      ]
                    ]
                    "field_popular_book" => null
                    "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1079
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1080
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_url" => "/10-klass/geometrija/atanasjan-uchebnik"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1083
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
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                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [ …6]
                          #original: array:6 [ …6]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
                      "class" => 381
                      "subject" => 543
                      "class_subject" => 392
                    ]
                  ]
                  #original: array:50 [
                    "id" => 36
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks"
                    "field_pages_status" => null
                    "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1051}
                    "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052}
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055}
                    "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057}
                    "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063}
                    "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064}
                    "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066}
                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068}
                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070}
                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071}
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1072}
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1074}
                    "field_publication_number" => "11"
                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1076}
                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1078}
                    "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
                    "field_cover_description" => "с ромбами"
                    "field_publication_year" => "2019"
                    "field_publication_year_until" => null
                    "field_part" => ""
                    "field_part_writing" => ""
                    "field_second_foreign_language" => null
                    "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для общеобразовательных организаций"
                    "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации"
                    "field_reserve_field" => "Математика: алгебра и начала математического анализа, геометрия"
                    "field_link_to_source" => null
                    "field_tasks_count" => "1147"
                    "field_priority" => "12"
                    "field_default_folder" => "/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/"
                    "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-103606-0 (2023)"
                    "field_cover" => array:1 [
                      0 => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1739363242"
                    ]
                    "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [
                      0 => ""
                    ]
                    "field_covers" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:4 [
                        "path" => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1739363242"
                        "alt" => ""
                        "width" => "1200"
                        "height" => "1661"
                      ]
                    ]
                    "field_popular_book" => null
                    "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1079}
                    "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1080}
                    "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081}
                    "field_url" => "/10-klass/geometrija/atanasjan-uchebnik"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
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                    "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
                      "class" => 381
                      "subject" => 543
                      "class_subject" => 392
                    ]
                  ]
                  #changes: []
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                  #touches: []
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                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1084
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 744405
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Метод координат в пространстве. Движения"
            "field_branch_order" => "7"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050}
            "field_page_start" => "160"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1086}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1084}
          ]
          #changes: []
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          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
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          #dispatchesEvents: []
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          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1121
      #items: array:2 [
        0 => App\Models\Branch {#1129
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 744405
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Метод координат в пространстве. Движения"
            "field_branch_order" => "7"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1047}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "160"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1049}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 744405
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Метод координат в пространстве. Движения"
            "field_branch_order" => "7"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130}
            "field_page_start" => "160"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132}
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
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          #dispatchesEvents: []
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          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        1 => App\Models\Branch {#1133
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 744407
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Скалярное произведение векторов"
            "field_branch_order" => "2"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1134
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:7 [
                    "id" => 32
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Параграф"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => null
                    "field_short_name" => "§"
                  ]
                  #original: array:7 [
                    "id" => 32
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Параграф"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_page_check_not_needed" => null
                    "field_short_name" => "§"
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "171"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1049}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 744407
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Скалярное произведение векторов"
            "field_branch_order" => "2"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137}
            "field_page_start" => "171"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
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            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135}
          ]
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          #attributeCastCache: []
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          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1038
      #items: array:6 [
        0 => App\Models\Element {#1109
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "elements"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:7 [
            "id" => 939534
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Edition {#1106
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "editions"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:21 [
                    "id" => 2315
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Условие"
                    "field_order" => "1"
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1105 …2}
                    "field_content_type" => "free"
                    "field_content_mode" => "text, image"
                    "field_page_content_mode" => "image"
                    "field_content_text_checked" => null
                    "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_solution_author" => "Автор"
                    "field_moderator" => "pasha"
                    "field_edition_type" => "statement"
                    "field_root_dir" => "0-"
                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1104 …2}
                    "field_comment" => null
                    "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102 …2}
                    "field_process_formula" => "wiris"
                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1103 …2}
                    "field_content_source" => null
                  ]
                  #original: array:21 [
                    "id" => 2315
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "title" => "Условие"
                    "field_order" => "1"
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1105 …2}
                    "field_content_type" => "free"
                    "field_content_mode" => "text, image"
                    "field_page_content_mode" => "image"
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                    "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0"
                    "field_solution_author" => "Автор"
                    "field_moderator" => "pasha"
                    "field_edition_type" => "statement"
                    "field_root_dir" => "0-"
                    "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1104 …2}
                    "field_comment" => null
                    "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102 …2}
                    "field_process_formula" => "wiris"
                    "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1103 …2}
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                  ]
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                  #attributeCastCache: []
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                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
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                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "745099"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "text" => """
              <p><strong>684.</strong> Ребро куба <em>ABCDA₁B₁C₁D₁</em> равно <em>а</em>, точка <em>O₁</em> — центр грани <em>A₁B₁C₁D₁</em>. Вычислите скалярное произведение векторов:</p><figure><figure>\n
               <img src="/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/0-00/684.webp?ts=1745779210" alt="Вычислить скалярное произведение векторов" loading="lazy" width="1403" height="265">\n
               </figure>\n
              <figcaption> </figcaption></figure>
              """
            "img" => array:1 [
              0 => array:5 [
                "name" => "684-1.jpg"
                "alt" => null
                "width" => "1562"
                "height" => 294
                "path" => "/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/0-00/684-1.webp?ts=1739436828"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          #original: array:7 [
            "id" => 939534
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098}
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "745099"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "text" => """
              <p><strong>684.</strong> Ребро куба <em>ABCDA₁B₁C₁D₁</em> равно <em>а</em>, точка <em>O₁</em> — центр грани <em>A₁B₁C₁D₁</em>. Вычислите скалярное произведение векторов:</p><figure><figure>\n
               <img src="/media/geometrija_10/atanasjan-u23/0-00/684.webp?ts=1745779210" alt="Вычислить скалярное произведение векторов" loading="lazy" width="1403" height="265">\n
               </figure>\n
              <figcaption> </figcaption></figure>
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            "text" => "<p>Для решения задачи введем прямоугольную систему координат. Пусть точка $A$ — начало координат, а оси $Ox$, $Oy$ и $Oz$ направлены вдоль ребер $AB$, $AD$ и $AA_1$ соответственно. Ребро куба равно $a$. Тогда вершины куба имеют следующие координаты: $A(0,0,0)$, $B(a,0,0)$, $C(a,a,0)$, $D(0,a,0)$, $A_1(0,0,a)$, $B_1(a,0,a)$, $C_1(a,a,a)$, $D_1(0,a,a)$.</p><p>Точка $O_1$ — центр грани $A_1B_1C_1D_1$, является серединой диагонали $A_1C_1$. Ее координаты: $O_1 = \left(\frac{0+a}{2}, \frac{0+a}{2}, \frac{a+a}{2}\right) = \left(\frac{a}{2}, \frac{a}{2}, a\right)$.</p><p>Скалярное произведение векторов $\vec{u}=(x_1, y_1, z_1)$ и $\vec{v}=(x_2, y_2, z_2)$ вычисляется по формуле $\vec{u} \cdot \vec{v} = x_1x_2 + y_1y_2 + z_1z_2$.</p><p><strong>а)</strong> Вычислим скалярное произведение векторов $\vec{AD}$ и $\vec{B_1C_1}$.</p><p>Найдем координаты векторов:</p><p>$\vec{AD} = D - A = (0, a, 0) - (0, 0, 0) = (0, a, 0)$.</p><p>$\vec{B_1C_1} = C_1 - B_1 = (a, a, a) - (a, 0, a) = (0, a, 0)$.</p><p>Вычислим скалярное произведение:</p><p>$\vec{AD} \cdot \vec{B_1C_1} = 0 \cdot 0 + a \cdot a + 0 \cdot 0 = a^2$.</p><p>Другой способ: векторы $\vec{AD}$ и $\vec{B_1C_1}$ равны, так как они получаются параллельным переносом. Следовательно, их скалярное произведение равно квадрату длины любого из них: $\vec{AD} \cdot \vec{B_1C_1} = \vec{AD} \cdot \vec{AD} = |\vec{AD}|^2 = a^2$.</p><p>Ответ: $a^2$.</p><p><strong>б)</strong> Вычислим скалярное произведение векторов $\vec{AC}$ и $\vec{C_1A_1}$.</p><p>Найдем координаты векторов:</p><p>$\vec{AC} = C - A = (a, a, 0) - (0, 0, 0) = (a, a, 0)$.</p><p>$\vec{C_1A_1} = A_1 - C_1 = (0, 0, a) - (a, a, a) = (-a, -a, 0)$.</p><p>Вычислим скалярное произведение:</p><p>$\vec{AC} \cdot \vec{C_1A_1} = a \cdot (-a) + a \cdot (-a) + 0 \cdot 0 = -a^2 - a^2 = -2a^2$.</p><p>Ответ: $-2a^2$.</p><p><strong>в)</strong> Вычислим скалярное произведение векторов $\vec{D_1B}$ и $\vec{AC}$.</p><p>Найдем координаты векторов:</p><p>$\vec{D_1B} = B - D_1 = (a, 0, 0) - (0, a, a) = (a, -a, -a)$.</p><p>Координаты вектора $\vec{AC}$ из пункта б): $\vec{AC} = (a, a, 0)$.</p><p>Вычислим скалярное произведение:</p><p>$\vec{D_1B} \cdot \vec{AC} = a \cdot a + (-a) \cdot a + (-a) \cdot 0 = a^2 - a^2 + 0 = 0$.</p><p>Ответ: $0$.</p><p><strong>г)</strong> Вычислим скалярное произведение векторов $\vec{BA_1}$ и $\vec{BC_1}$.</p><p>Векторы $\vec{BA_1}$ и $\vec{BC_1}$ выходят из одной точки $B$. Найдем их длины и угол между ними. $BA_1$ — диагональ грани $ABB_1A_1$, ее длина $|\vec{BA_1}| = \sqrt{AB^2 + AA_1^2} = \sqrt{a^2 + a^2} = a\sqrt{2}$. $BC_1$ — диагональ грани $BCC_1B_1$, ее длина $|\vec{BC_1}| = \sqrt{BC^2 + CC_1^2} = \sqrt{a^2 + a^2} = a\sqrt{2}$. Рассмотрим треугольник $A_1BC_1$. Его стороны: $BA_1$, $BC_1$ и $A_1C_1$. Длина $A_1C_1$ — это диагональ грани $A_1B_1C_1D_1$, ее длина также равна $a\sqrt{2}$. Поскольку все три стороны треугольника $A_1BC_1$ равны $a\sqrt{2}$, он является равносторонним. Угол между векторами $\vec{BA_1}$ и $\vec{BC_1}$ — это угол $\angle A_1BC_1$, который равен $60^\circ$.</p><p>Скалярное произведение равно:</p><p>$\vec{BA_1} \cdot \vec{BC_1} = |\vec{BA_1}| \cdot |\vec{BC_1}| \cdot \cos(\angle A_1BC_1) = (a\sqrt{2}) \cdot (a\sqrt{2}) \cdot \cos(60^\circ) = 2a^2 \cdot \frac{1}{2} = a^2$.</p><p>Ответ: $a^2$.</p><p><strong>д)</strong> Вычислим скалярное произведение векторов $\vec{A_1O_1}$ и $\vec{A_1C_1}$.</p><p>Точка $O_1$ является центром грани $A_1B_1C_1D_1$, а значит, и серединой ее диагонали $A_1C_1$. Следовательно, вектор $\vec{A_1O_1}$ сонаправлен с вектором $\vec{A_1C_1}$, и его длина равна половине длины вектора $\vec{A_1C_1}$: $\vec{A_1O_1} = \frac{1}{2}\vec{A_1C_1}$. Длина диагонали грани $|\vec{A_1C_1}| = \sqrt{A_1B_1^2 + B_1C_1^2} = \sqrt{a^2+a^2} = a\sqrt{2}$.</p><p>Скалярное произведение равно:</p><p>$\vec{A_1O_1} \cdot \vec{A_1C_1} = \left(\frac{1}{2}\vec{A_1C_1}\right) \cdot \vec{A_1C_1} = \frac{1}{2} (\vec{A_1C_1})^2 = \frac{1}{2} |\vec{A_1C_1}|^2 = \frac{1}{2} (a\sqrt{2})^2 = \frac{1}{2} \cdot 2a^2 = a^2$.</p><p>Ответ: $a^2$.</p><p><strong>е)</strong> Вычислим скалярное произведение векторов $\vec{D_1O_1}$ и $\vec{B_1O_1}$.</p><p>Точка $O_1$ — центр квадрата $A_1B_1C_1D_1$. Векторы $\vec{D_1O_1}$ и $\vec{B_1O_1}$ лежат на одной прямой — диагонали $B_1D_1$, но направлены в противоположные стороны, так как оба направлены к центру $O_1$ от вершин. Угол между ними равен $180^\circ$. Длина каждого из этих векторов равна половине длины диагонали грани: $|\vec{D_1O_1}| = |\vec{B_1O_1}| = \frac{1}{2} |B_1D_1| = \frac{a\sqrt{2}}{2}$.</p><p>Скалярное произведение равно:</p><p>$\vec{D_1O_1} \cdot \vec{B_1O_1} = |\vec{D_1O_1}| \cdot |\vec{B_1O_1}| \cdot \cos(180^\circ) = \left(\frac{a\sqrt{2}}{2}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{a\sqrt{2}}{2}\right) \cdot (-1) = \frac{2a^2}{4} \cdot (-1) = -\frac{a^2}{2}$.</p><p>Ответ: $-\frac{a^2}{2}$.</p><p><strong>ж)</strong> Вычислим скалярное произведение векторов $\vec{BO_1}$ и $\vec{C_1B}$.</p><p>Найдем координаты векторов:</p><p>$\vec{BO_1} = O_1 - B = \left(\frac{a}{2}, \frac{a}{2}, a\right) - (a, 0, 0) = \left(-\frac{a}{2}, \frac{a}{2}, a\right)$.</p><p>$\vec{C_1B} = B - C_1 = (a, 0, 0) - (a, a, a) = (0, -a, -a)$.</p><p>Вычислим скалярное произведение:</p><p>$\vec{BO_1} \cdot \vec{C_1B} = \left(-\frac{a}{2}\right) \cdot 0 + \left(\frac{a}{2}\right) \cdot (-a) + a \cdot (-a) = 0 - \frac{a^2}{2} - a^2 = -\frac{3a^2}{2}$.</p><p>Ответ: $-\frac{3a^2}{2}$.</p>"
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            "text" => "<p>Для решения задачи введем прямоугольную систему координат. Пусть точка $A$ — начало координат, а оси $Ox$, $Oy$ и $Oz$ направлены вдоль ребер $AB$, $AD$ и $AA_1$ соответственно. Ребро куба равно $a$. Тогда вершины куба имеют следующие координаты: $A(0,0,0)$, $B(a,0,0)$, $C(a,a,0)$, $D(0,a,0)$, $A_1(0,0,a)$, $B_1(a,0,a)$, $C_1(a,a,a)$, $D_1(0,a,a)$.</p><p>Точка $O_1$ — центр грани $A_1B_1C_1D_1$, является серединой диагонали $A_1C_1$. Ее координаты: $O_1 = \left(\frac{0+a}{2}, \frac{0+a}{2}, \frac{a+a}{2}\right) = \left(\frac{a}{2}, \frac{a}{2}, a\right)$.</p><p>Скалярное произведение векторов $\vec{u}=(x_1, y_1, z_1)$ и $\vec{v}=(x_2, y_2, z_2)$ вычисляется по формуле $\vec{u} \cdot \vec{v} = x_1x_2 + y_1y_2 + z_1z_2$.</p><p><strong>а)</strong> Вычислим скалярное произведение векторов $\vec{AD}$ и $\vec{B_1C_1}$.</p><p>Найдем координаты векторов:</p><p>$\vec{AD} = D - A = (0, a, 0) - (0, 0, 0) = (0, a, 0)$.</p><p>$\vec{B_1C_1} = C_1 - B_1 = (a, a, a) - (a, 0, a) = (0, a, 0)$.</p><p>Вычислим скалярное произведение:</p><p>$\vec{AD} \cdot \vec{B_1C_1} = 0 \cdot 0 + a \cdot a + 0 \cdot 0 = a^2$.</p><p>Другой способ: векторы $\vec{AD}$ и $\vec{B_1C_1}$ равны, так как они получаются параллельным переносом. Следовательно, их скалярное произведение равно квадрату длины любого из них: $\vec{AD} \cdot \vec{B_1C_1} = \vec{AD} \cdot \vec{AD} = |\vec{AD}|^2 = a^2$.</p><p>Ответ: $a^2$.</p><p><strong>б)</strong> Вычислим скалярное произведение векторов $\vec{AC}$ и $\vec{C_1A_1}$.</p><p>Найдем координаты векторов:</p><p>$\vec{AC} = C - A = (a, a, 0) - (0, 0, 0) = (a, a, 0)$.</p><p>$\vec{C_1A_1} = A_1 - C_1 = (0, 0, a) - (a, a, a) = (-a, -a, 0)$.</p><p>Вычислим скалярное произведение:</p><p>$\vec{AC} \cdot \vec{C_1A_1} = a \cdot (-a) + a \cdot (-a) + 0 \cdot 0 = -a^2 - a^2 = -2a^2$.</p><p>Ответ: $-2a^2$.</p><p><strong>в)</strong> Вычислим скалярное произведение векторов $\vec{D_1B}$ и $\vec{AC}$.</p><p>Найдем координаты векторов:</p><p>$\vec{D_1B} = B - D_1 = (a, 0, 0) - (0, a, a) = (a, -a, -a)$.</p><p>Координаты вектора $\vec{AC}$ из пункта б): $\vec{AC} = (a, a, 0)$.</p><p>Вычислим скалярное произведение:</p><p>$\vec{D_1B} \cdot \vec{AC} = a \cdot a + (-a) \cdot a + (-a) \cdot 0 = a^2 - a^2 + 0 = 0$.</p><p>Ответ: $0$.</p><p><strong>г)</strong> Вычислим скалярное произведение векторов $\vec{BA_1}$ и $\vec{BC_1}$.</p><p>Векторы $\vec{BA_1}$ и $\vec{BC_1}$ выходят из одной точки $B$. Найдем их длины и угол между ними. $BA_1$ — диагональ грани $ABB_1A_1$, ее длина $|\vec{BA_1}| = \sqrt{AB^2 + AA_1^2} = \sqrt{a^2 + a^2} = a\sqrt{2}$. $BC_1$ — диагональ грани $BCC_1B_1$, ее длина $|\vec{BC_1}| = \sqrt{BC^2 + CC_1^2} = \sqrt{a^2 + a^2} = a\sqrt{2}$. Рассмотрим треугольник $A_1BC_1$. Его стороны: $BA_1$, $BC_1$ и $A_1C_1$. Длина $A_1C_1$ — это диагональ грани $A_1B_1C_1D_1$, ее длина также равна $a\sqrt{2}$. Поскольку все три стороны треугольника $A_1BC_1$ равны $a\sqrt{2}$, он является равносторонним. Угол между векторами $\vec{BA_1}$ и $\vec{BC_1}$ — это угол $\angle A_1BC_1$, который равен $60^\circ$.</p><p>Скалярное произведение равно:</p><p>$\vec{BA_1} \cdot \vec{BC_1} = |\vec{BA_1}| \cdot |\vec{BC_1}| \cdot \cos(\angle A_1BC_1) = (a\sqrt{2}) \cdot (a\sqrt{2}) \cdot \cos(60^\circ) = 2a^2 \cdot \frac{1}{2} = a^2$.</p><p>Ответ: $a^2$.</p><p><strong>д)</strong> Вычислим скалярное произведение векторов $\vec{A_1O_1}$ и $\vec{A_1C_1}$.</p><p>Точка $O_1$ является центром грани $A_1B_1C_1D_1$, а значит, и серединой ее диагонали $A_1C_1$. Следовательно, вектор $\vec{A_1O_1}$ сонаправлен с вектором $\vec{A_1C_1}$, и его длина равна половине длины вектора $\vec{A_1C_1}$: $\vec{A_1O_1} = \frac{1}{2}\vec{A_1C_1}$. Длина диагонали грани $|\vec{A_1C_1}| = \sqrt{A_1B_1^2 + B_1C_1^2} = \sqrt{a^2+a^2} = a\sqrt{2}$.</p><p>Скалярное произведение равно:</p><p>$\vec{A_1O_1} \cdot \vec{A_1C_1} = \left(\frac{1}{2}\vec{A_1C_1}\right) \cdot \vec{A_1C_1} = \frac{1}{2} (\vec{A_1C_1})^2 = \frac{1}{2} |\vec{A_1C_1}|^2 = \frac{1}{2} (a\sqrt{2})^2 = \frac{1}{2} \cdot 2a^2 = a^2$.</p><p>Ответ: $a^2$.</p><p><strong>е)</strong> Вычислим скалярное произведение векторов $\vec{D_1O_1}$ и $\vec{B_1O_1}$.</p><p>Точка $O_1$ — центр квадрата $A_1B_1C_1D_1$. Векторы $\vec{D_1O_1}$ и $\vec{B_1O_1}$ лежат на одной прямой — диагонали $B_1D_1$, но направлены в противоположные стороны, так как оба направлены к центру $O_1$ от вершин. Угол между ними равен $180^\circ$. Длина каждого из этих векторов равна половине длины диагонали грани: $|\vec{D_1O_1}| = |\vec{B_1O_1}| = \frac{1}{2} |B_1D_1| = \frac{a\sqrt{2}}{2}$.</p><p>Скалярное произведение равно:</p><p>$\vec{D_1O_1} \cdot \vec{B_1O_1} = |\vec{D_1O_1}| \cdot |\vec{B_1O_1}| \cdot \cos(180^\circ) = \left(\frac{a\sqrt{2}}{2}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{a\sqrt{2}}{2}\right) \cdot (-1) = \frac{2a^2}{4} \cdot (-1) = -\frac{a^2}{2}$.</p><p>Ответ: $-\frac{a^2}{2}$.</p><p><strong>ж)</strong> Вычислим скалярное произведение векторов $\vec{BO_1}$ и $\vec{C_1B}$.</p><p>Найдем координаты векторов:</p><p>$\vec{BO_1} = O_1 - B = \left(\frac{a}{2}, \frac{a}{2}, a\right) - (a, 0, 0) = \left(-\frac{a}{2}, \frac{a}{2}, a\right)$.</p><p>$\vec{C_1B} = B - C_1 = (a, 0, 0) - (a, a, a) = (0, -a, -a)$.</p><p>Вычислим скалярное произведение:</p><p>$\vec{BO_1} \cdot \vec{C_1B} = \left(-\frac{a}{2}\right) \cdot 0 + \left(\frac{a}{2}\right) \cdot (-a) + a \cdot (-a) = 0 - \frac{a^2}{2} - a^2 = -\frac{3a^2}{2}$.</p><p>Ответ: $-\frac{3a^2}{2}$.</p>"
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№684 (с. 176)
Условие. №684 (с. 176)
скриншот условия
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 176, номер 684, Условие

684. Ребро куба ABCDA₁B₁C₁D₁ равно а, точка O₁ — центр грани A₁B₁C₁D₁. Вычислите скалярное произведение векторов:

Вычислить скалярное произведение векторов
Решение 2. №684 (с. 176)
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 176, номер 684, Решение 2
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 176, номер 684, Решение 2 (продолжение 2)
Решение 3. №684 (с. 176)
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 176, номер 684, Решение 3
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 176, номер 684, Решение 3 (продолжение 2)
Решение 4. №684 (с. 176)
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 176, номер 684, Решение 4
Геометрия, 10-11 класс Учебник, авторы: Атанасян Левон Сергеевич, Бутузов Валентин Фёдорович, Кадомцев Сергей Борисович, Позняк Эдуард Генрихович, Киселёва Людмила Сергеевна, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, коричневого цвета, страница 176, номер 684, Решение 4 (продолжение 2)
Решение 5. №684 (с. 176)
Решение 6. №684 (с. 176)

Для решения задачи введем прямоугольную систему координат. Пусть точка $A$ — начало координат, а оси $Ox$, $Oy$ и $Oz$ направлены вдоль ребер $AB$, $AD$ и $AA_1$ соответственно. Ребро куба равно $a$. Тогда вершины куба имеют следующие координаты: $A(0,0,0)$, $B(a,0,0)$, $C(a,a,0)$, $D(0,a,0)$, $A_1(0,0,a)$, $B_1(a,0,a)$, $C_1(a,a,a)$, $D_1(0,a,a)$.

Точка $O_1$ — центр грани $A_1B_1C_1D_1$, является серединой диагонали $A_1C_1$. Ее координаты: $O_1 = \left(\frac{0+a}{2}, \frac{0+a}{2}, \frac{a+a}{2}\right) = \left(\frac{a}{2}, \frac{a}{2}, a\right)$.

Скалярное произведение векторов $\vec{u}=(x_1, y_1, z_1)$ и $\vec{v}=(x_2, y_2, z_2)$ вычисляется по формуле $\vec{u} \cdot \vec{v} = x_1x_2 + y_1y_2 + z_1z_2$.

а) Вычислим скалярное произведение векторов $\vec{AD}$ и $\vec{B_1C_1}$.

Найдем координаты векторов:

$\vec{AD} = D - A = (0, a, 0) - (0, 0, 0) = (0, a, 0)$.

$\vec{B_1C_1} = C_1 - B_1 = (a, a, a) - (a, 0, a) = (0, a, 0)$.

Вычислим скалярное произведение:

$\vec{AD} \cdot \vec{B_1C_1} = 0 \cdot 0 + a \cdot a + 0 \cdot 0 = a^2$.

Другой способ: векторы $\vec{AD}$ и $\vec{B_1C_1}$ равны, так как они получаются параллельным переносом. Следовательно, их скалярное произведение равно квадрату длины любого из них: $\vec{AD} \cdot \vec{B_1C_1} = \vec{AD} \cdot \vec{AD} = |\vec{AD}|^2 = a^2$.

Ответ: $a^2$.

б) Вычислим скалярное произведение векторов $\vec{AC}$ и $\vec{C_1A_1}$.

Найдем координаты векторов:

$\vec{AC} = C - A = (a, a, 0) - (0, 0, 0) = (a, a, 0)$.

$\vec{C_1A_1} = A_1 - C_1 = (0, 0, a) - (a, a, a) = (-a, -a, 0)$.

Вычислим скалярное произведение:

$\vec{AC} \cdot \vec{C_1A_1} = a \cdot (-a) + a \cdot (-a) + 0 \cdot 0 = -a^2 - a^2 = -2a^2$.

Ответ: $-2a^2$.

в) Вычислим скалярное произведение векторов $\vec{D_1B}$ и $\vec{AC}$.

Найдем координаты векторов:

$\vec{D_1B} = B - D_1 = (a, 0, 0) - (0, a, a) = (a, -a, -a)$.

Координаты вектора $\vec{AC}$ из пункта б): $\vec{AC} = (a, a, 0)$.

Вычислим скалярное произведение:

$\vec{D_1B} \cdot \vec{AC} = a \cdot a + (-a) \cdot a + (-a) \cdot 0 = a^2 - a^2 + 0 = 0$.

Ответ: $0$.

г) Вычислим скалярное произведение векторов $\vec{BA_1}$ и $\vec{BC_1}$.

Векторы $\vec{BA_1}$ и $\vec{BC_1}$ выходят из одной точки $B$. Найдем их длины и угол между ними. $BA_1$ — диагональ грани $ABB_1A_1$, ее длина $|\vec{BA_1}| = \sqrt{AB^2 + AA_1^2} = \sqrt{a^2 + a^2} = a\sqrt{2}$. $BC_1$ — диагональ грани $BCC_1B_1$, ее длина $|\vec{BC_1}| = \sqrt{BC^2 + CC_1^2} = \sqrt{a^2 + a^2} = a\sqrt{2}$. Рассмотрим треугольник $A_1BC_1$. Его стороны: $BA_1$, $BC_1$ и $A_1C_1$. Длина $A_1C_1$ — это диагональ грани $A_1B_1C_1D_1$, ее длина также равна $a\sqrt{2}$. Поскольку все три стороны треугольника $A_1BC_1$ равны $a\sqrt{2}$, он является равносторонним. Угол между векторами $\vec{BA_1}$ и $\vec{BC_1}$ — это угол $\angle A_1BC_1$, который равен $60^\circ$.

Скалярное произведение равно:

$\vec{BA_1} \cdot \vec{BC_1} = |\vec{BA_1}| \cdot |\vec{BC_1}| \cdot \cos(\angle A_1BC_1) = (a\sqrt{2}) \cdot (a\sqrt{2}) \cdot \cos(60^\circ) = 2a^2 \cdot \frac{1}{2} = a^2$.

Ответ: $a^2$.

д) Вычислим скалярное произведение векторов $\vec{A_1O_1}$ и $\vec{A_1C_1}$.

Точка $O_1$ является центром грани $A_1B_1C_1D_1$, а значит, и серединой ее диагонали $A_1C_1$. Следовательно, вектор $\vec{A_1O_1}$ сонаправлен с вектором $\vec{A_1C_1}$, и его длина равна половине длины вектора $\vec{A_1C_1}$: $\vec{A_1O_1} = \frac{1}{2}\vec{A_1C_1}$. Длина диагонали грани $|\vec{A_1C_1}| = \sqrt{A_1B_1^2 + B_1C_1^2} = \sqrt{a^2+a^2} = a\sqrt{2}$.

Скалярное произведение равно:

$\vec{A_1O_1} \cdot \vec{A_1C_1} = \left(\frac{1}{2}\vec{A_1C_1}\right) \cdot \vec{A_1C_1} = \frac{1}{2} (\vec{A_1C_1})^2 = \frac{1}{2} |\vec{A_1C_1}|^2 = \frac{1}{2} (a\sqrt{2})^2 = \frac{1}{2} \cdot 2a^2 = a^2$.

Ответ: $a^2$.

е) Вычислим скалярное произведение векторов $\vec{D_1O_1}$ и $\vec{B_1O_1}$.

Точка $O_1$ — центр квадрата $A_1B_1C_1D_1$. Векторы $\vec{D_1O_1}$ и $\vec{B_1O_1}$ лежат на одной прямой — диагонали $B_1D_1$, но направлены в противоположные стороны, так как оба направлены к центру $O_1$ от вершин. Угол между ними равен $180^\circ$. Длина каждого из этих векторов равна половине длины диагонали грани: $|\vec{D_1O_1}| = |\vec{B_1O_1}| = \frac{1}{2} |B_1D_1| = \frac{a\sqrt{2}}{2}$.

Скалярное произведение равно:

$\vec{D_1O_1} \cdot \vec{B_1O_1} = |\vec{D_1O_1}| \cdot |\vec{B_1O_1}| \cdot \cos(180^\circ) = \left(\frac{a\sqrt{2}}{2}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{a\sqrt{2}}{2}\right) \cdot (-1) = \frac{2a^2}{4} \cdot (-1) = -\frac{a^2}{2}$.

Ответ: $-\frac{a^2}{2}$.

ж) Вычислим скалярное произведение векторов $\vec{BO_1}$ и $\vec{C_1B}$.

Найдем координаты векторов:

$\vec{BO_1} = O_1 - B = \left(\frac{a}{2}, \frac{a}{2}, a\right) - (a, 0, 0) = \left(-\frac{a}{2}, \frac{a}{2}, a\right)$.

$\vec{C_1B} = B - C_1 = (a, 0, 0) - (a, a, a) = (0, -a, -a)$.

Вычислим скалярное произведение:

$\vec{BO_1} \cdot \vec{C_1B} = \left(-\frac{a}{2}\right) \cdot 0 + \left(\frac{a}{2}\right) \cdot (-a) + a \cdot (-a) = 0 - \frac{a^2}{2} - a^2 = -\frac{3a^2}{2}$.

Ответ: $-\frac{3a^2}{2}$.

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