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Номер 1, страница 269 - гдз по биологии 11 класс учебник Пасечник, Каменский
Авторы: Пасечник В. В., Каменский А. А., Рубцов А. М., Швецов Г. Г., Абовян Л. А., Гапонюк З. Г.
Тип: Учебник
Серия: линия жизни
Издательство: Просвещение
Год издания: 2019 - 2026
Уровень обучения: углублённый
ISBN: 978-5-09-087486-1 (2022)
Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации
Популярные ГДЗ в 11 классе
Глава 3. Биосферный уровень. Параграф 38. Развитие жизни на Земле. Мезозой. Проверьте себя - номер 1, страница 269.
App\Models\Task {#1024 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1451384 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "269" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/11-klass/biologija/pasechnik/38-2-1" "field_display_title" => "1" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#331 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1029 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1026 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#342 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1023 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1451000 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Биосферный уровень" "field_branch_order" => "3" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#333 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1033 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "211" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1030 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1032 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 2964 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1034 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1035 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ …10] #original: array:10 [ …10] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1036 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1037 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ …6] #original: array:6 [ …6] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1038 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1039 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ …6] #original: array:6 [ …6] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1040 #items: array:6 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1041 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ …12] #original: array:12 [ …12] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 1 => App\Models\Term {#1042 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ …12] #original: array:12 [ …12] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 2 => App\Models\Term {#1043 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ …12] #original: array:12 [ …12] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 3 => App\Models\Term {#1044 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ …12] #original: array:12 [ …12] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 4 => App\Models\Term {#1045 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ …12] #original: array:12 [ …12] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 5 => App\Models\Term {#1046 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ …12] #original: array:12 [ …12] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1047 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1048 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1049 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ …10] #original: array:10 [ …10] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1051 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ …6] #original: array:6 [ …6] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1053 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ …6] #original: array:6 [ …6] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1054 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1055 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:8 [ …8] #original: array:8 [ …8] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1058 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ …6] #original: array:6 [ …6] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1060 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ …10] #original: array:10 [ …10] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1062 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ …6] #original: array:6 [ …6] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1041} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition_degree" => "доктора педагогических наук" "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации" "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "387" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-087486-1 (2022)" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759691562" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759691562" "alt" => "" "width" => "1200" "height" => "1584" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_url" => "/11-klass/biologija/pasechnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 382 "subject" => 552 "class_subject" => 462 ] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 2964 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1034} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1036} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1038} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1040} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1047} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1048} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1054} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059} "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => "доктора педагогических наук" "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации" "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "387" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-087486-1 (2022)" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759691562" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1759691562" "alt" => "" "width" => "1200" "height" => "1584" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066} "field_url" => "/11-klass/biologija/pasechnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 382 "subject" => 552 "class_subject" => 462 ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1451000 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Биосферный уровень" "field_branch_order" => "3" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#333} "field_page_start" => "211" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1030} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1069 #items: array:3 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1070 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1451000 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Биосферный уровень" "field_branch_order" => "3" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1072 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "211" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1074 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 2964 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1075 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1077 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1079 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1089 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1093 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1097 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100 …2} "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1104 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => "доктора педагогических наук" "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации" "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "387" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-087486-1 (2022)" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1105 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1106 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1107 …2} "field_url" => "/11-klass/biologija/pasechnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1108 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 2964 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1075 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1077 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1079 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1089 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1093 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1097 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100 …2} "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1104 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => "доктора педагогических наук" "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации" "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "387" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-087486-1 (2022)" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1105 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1106 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1107 …2} "field_url" => "/11-klass/biologija/pasechnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1108 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1451000 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Биосферный уровень" "field_branch_order" => "3" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071} "field_page_start" => "211" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Branch {#1110 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1451025 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Развитие жизни на Земле. Мезозой" "field_branch_order" => "38" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1111 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1112 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 32 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Параграф" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => "§" ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 32 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Параграф" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => "§" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "265" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1114 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 2964 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1115 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1117 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1119 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1121 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1128 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1129 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1133 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1138 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1140 …2} "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1142 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => "доктора педагогических наук" "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации" "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "387" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-087486-1 (2022)" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1147 …2} "field_url" => "/11-klass/biologija/pasechnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 2964 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1115 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1117 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1119 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1121 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1128 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1129 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1133 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1138 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1140 …2} "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1142 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => "доктора педагогических наук" "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации" "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "387" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-087486-1 (2022)" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1147 …2} "field_url" => "/11-klass/biologija/pasechnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1149 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1150 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1451000 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Биосферный уровень" "field_branch_order" => "3" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1151 …2} "field_page_start" => "211" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1153 …2} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1189 …2} ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1451000 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Биосферный уровень" "field_branch_order" => "3" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1151 …2} "field_page_start" => "211" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1153 …2} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1189 …2} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1451025 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Развитие жизни на Земле. Мезозой" "field_branch_order" => "38" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1111} "field_page_start" => "265" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1149} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 2 => App\Models\Branch {#1190 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1451027 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Проверьте себя" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1191 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "269" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1192 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1193 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 2964 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1194 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1196 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1198 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1200 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1207 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1208 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1210 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1212 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1214 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1216 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1217 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1219 …2} "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1221 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1223 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => "доктора педагогических наук" "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации" "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "387" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-087486-1 (2022)" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1224 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1225 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1226 …2} "field_url" => "/11-klass/biologija/pasechnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1227 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 2964 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1194 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1196 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1198 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1200 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1207 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1208 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1210 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1212 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1214 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1216 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1217 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1219 …2} "field_publication_number" => "4" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1221 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1223 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => "доктора педагогических наук" "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => "Допущено Министерством просвещения Российской Федерации" "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "387" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-087486-1 (2022)" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1224 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1225 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1226 …2} "field_url" => "/11-klass/biologija/pasechnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1227 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1228 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1229 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1451025 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Развитие жизни на Земле. Мезозой" "field_branch_order" => "38" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1230 …2} "field_page_start" => "265" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1232 …2} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1233 …2} ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1451025 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Развитие жизни на Земле. Мезозой" "field_branch_order" => "38" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1230 …2} "field_page_start" => "265" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1232 …2} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1233 …2} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1451027 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Проверьте себя" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1191} "field_page_start" => "269" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1192} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1228} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1239 #items: array:3 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1240 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 1741924 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1241 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1242 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 6254 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1243 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "pasha" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1245 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1246 …2} "field_process_formula" => "" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1247 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 6254 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1243 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "pasha" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1245 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1246 …2} "field_process_formula" => "" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1247 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1451384" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>1.</strong> Какие важнейшие ароморфозы вы можете выделить в эволюции животных и растений в мезозое?</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "1-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "882" "height" => 104 "path" => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/0-38-2/1-1.webp?ts=1760354594" ] ] ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 1741924 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1241} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1451384" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>1.</strong> Какие важнейшие ароморфозы вы можете выделить в эволюции животных и растений в мезозое?</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "1-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "882" "height" => 104 "path" => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/0-38-2/1-1.webp?ts=1760354594" ] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Element {#1248 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1742144 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1249 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1250 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 6255 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение 1" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1251 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "image" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Инна" "field_moderator" => "pasha" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1253 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1254 …2} "field_process_formula" => "" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1255 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 6255 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение 1" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1251 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "image" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Инна" "field_moderator" => "pasha" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1253 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1254 …2} "field_process_formula" => "" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1255 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1451384" "type" => "task" ] "img" => array:2 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "1-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1965" "height" => 447 "path" => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/1-38-2/1-1.webp?ts=1760354744" ] 1 => array:5 [ "name" => "1-2.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1884" "height" => 1301 "path" => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/1-38-2/1-2.webp?ts=1760354744" ] ] ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1742144 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1249} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1451384" "type" => "task" ] "img" => array:2 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "1-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1965" "height" => 447 "path" => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/1-38-2/1-1.webp?ts=1760354744" ] 1 => array:5 [ "name" => "1-2.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1884" "height" => 1301 "path" => "/media/biologija_11/pasechnik-u19/1-38-2/1-2.webp?ts=1760354744" ] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 2 => App\Models\Element {#1256 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1833241 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1257 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1258 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 6751 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" …19 ] #original: array:21 [ …21] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1451384" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>1.</strong> <em>Ароморфозы у растений (появление Покрытосеменных):</em></p><p><strong>1)</strong> Появление цветка — специализированного органа семенного размножения.</p><p><strong>2)</strong> Двойное оплодотворение, приводящее к образованию зародыша и запаса питательных веществ (эндосперма).</p><p><strong>3)</strong> Появление плода, который защищает семена и способствует их распространению.</p><p><strong>4)</strong> Развитие более совершенной проводящей системы, обеспечивающей эффективный транспорт веществ.</p><p><em>Ароморфозы у животных:</em></p><p><strong>1)</strong> Появление четырехкамерного сердца у предков птиц и млекопитающих, что привело к полному разделению артериальной и венозной крови и возникновению теплокровности.</p><p><strong>2)</strong> Прогрессивное развитие легких (появление губчатых, а затем альвеолярных легких), что повысило эффективность газообмена.</p><p><strong>3)</strong> Значительное развитие коры больших полушарий головного мозга у млекопитающих, обусловившее усложнение поведения.</p><p><strong>4)</strong> Появление перьевого покрова у птиц и волосяного покрова у млекопитающих, которые улучшили терморегуляцию.</p><p><strong>5)</strong> Возникновение молочных желез и выкармливание детенышей молоком у млекопитающих.</p><p><strong>6)</strong> Появление живорождения и развитие плода в матке у млекопитающих, что повысило выживаемость потомства.</p>" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1833241 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1257} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1451384" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>1.</strong> <em>Ароморфозы у растений (появление Покрытосеменных):</em></p><p><strong>1)</strong> Появление цветка — специализированного органа семенного размножения.</p><p><strong>2)</strong> Двойное оплодотворение, приводящее к образованию зародыша и запаса питательных веществ (эндосперма).</p><p><strong>3)</strong> Появление плода, который защищает семена и способствует их распространению.</p><p><strong>4)</strong> Развитие более совершенной проводящей системы, обеспечивающей эффективный транспорт веществ.</p><p><em>Ароморфозы у животных:</em></p><p><strong>1)</strong> Появление четырехкамерного сердца у предков птиц и млекопитающих, что привело к полному разделению артериальной и венозной крови и возникновению теплокровности.</p><p><strong>2)</strong> Прогрессивное развитие легких (появление губчатых, а затем альвеолярных легких), что повысило эффективность газообмена.</p><p><strong>3)</strong> Значительное развитие коры больших полушарий головного мозга у млекопитающих, обусловившее усложнение поведения.</p><p><strong>4)</strong> Появление перьевого покрова у птиц и волосяного покрова у млекопитающих, которые улучшили терморегуляцию.</p><p><strong>5)</strong> Возникновение молочных желез и выкармливание детенышей молоком у млекопитающих.</p><p><strong>6)</strong> Появление живорождения и развитие плода в матке у млекопитающих, что повысило выживаемость потомства.</p>" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1451385" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1451383" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1264 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1032} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1279 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\BookPage {#1278 #connection: "mysql" #table: "book_pages" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 1451705 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "269" "field_url" => "/11-klass/biologija/pasechnik/page-269" "field_display_title" => "269" "field_folder" => "1" "field_image_name" => "269" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1280 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1318 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1281 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ …50] #original: array:50 [ …50] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1316 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1327 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1326 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ …6] #original: array:6 [ …6] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1451706" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1451704" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#2276 #items: array:4 [ 0 => App\Models\Task {#1319 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] 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№1 (с. 269)
Условие. №1 (с. 269)
скриншот условия
1. Какие важнейшие ароморфозы вы можете выделить в эволюции животных и растений в мезозое?
Решение 1. №1 (с. 269)
Решение 2. №1 (с. 269)
1. Ароморфозы у растений (появление Покрытосеменных):
1) Появление цветка — специализированного органа семенного размножения.
2) Двойное оплодотворение, приводящее к образованию зародыша и запаса питательных веществ (эндосперма).
3) Появление плода, который защищает семена и способствует их распространению.
4) Развитие более совершенной проводящей системы, обеспечивающей эффективный транспорт веществ.
Ароморфозы у животных:
1) Появление четырехкамерного сердца у предков птиц и млекопитающих, что привело к полному разделению артериальной и венозной крови и возникновению теплокровности.
2) Прогрессивное развитие легких (появление губчатых, а затем альвеолярных легких), что повысило эффективность газообмена.
3) Значительное развитие коры больших полушарий головного мозга у млекопитающих, обусловившее усложнение поведения.
4) Появление перьевого покрова у птиц и волосяного покрова у млекопитающих, которые улучшили терморегуляцию.
5) Возникновение молочных желез и выкармливание детенышей молоком у млекопитающих.
6) Появление живорождения и развитие плода в матке у млекопитающих, что повысило выживаемость потомства.
Другие задания:
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