Страница 186 - гдз по биологии 8 класс учебник Пасечник, Каменский

Биология, 8 класс Учебник, авторы: Пасечник Владимир Васильевич, Каменский Андрей Александрович, Швецов Глеб Геннадьевич, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019

Авторы: Пасечник В. В., Каменский А. А., Швецов Г. Г.

Тип: Учебник

Серия: линия жизни

Издательство: Просвещение

Год издания: 2019 - 2026

Цвет обложки: с улиткой

ISBN: 978-5-09- 072141-7 (2019)

Рекомендовано Министерством образования и науки Российской Федерации

Cтраница 186

App\Models\BookPage {#1003 // resources/views/models/book_page/default.blade.php
  #connection: "mysql"
  #table: "book_pages"
  #primaryKey: "id"
  #keyType: "int"
  +incrementing: true
  #with: []
  #withCount: []
  +preventsLazyLoading: false
  #perPage: 15
  +exists: true
  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
  #attributes: array:21 [
    "id" => 1446011
    "created_at" => "2026-04-08 17:28:58"
    "updated_at" => null
    "field_page_start" => "186"
    "field_url" => "/8-klass/biologija/pasechnik/page-186"
    "field_display_title" => "186"
    "field_folder" => "1"
    "field_image_name" => "186"
    "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1008
      #items: []
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
    "field_weight" => "0"
    "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1040
      #items: array:1 [
        0 => App\Models\Book {#1006
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "books"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: false
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:50 [
            "id" => 589
            "created_at" => "2026-04-08 17:28:58"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks"
            "field_pages_status" => null
            "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1009
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1007
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                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
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                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:10 [
                    "id" => 6475
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-08 17:28:58"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Биология"
                    "field_abbreviated_name" => null
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                    "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                    "field_short_name" => null
                    "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject"
                    "field_translit" => "biologiya"
                  ]
                  #original: array:10 [
                    "id" => 6475
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-08 17:28:58"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Биология"
                    "field_abbreviated_name" => null
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
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                    "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject"
                    "field_translit" => "biologiya"
                  ]
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              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1010
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                0 => App\Models\Term {#1011
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                    "id" => 5457
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-08 17:28:58"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "8"
                    "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
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              ]
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                0 => App\Models\Term {#1013
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                  #primaryKey: "id"
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                  #attributes: array:6 [
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                    "created_at" => "2026-04-08 17:28:58"
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                    "field_translit" => "prosveschenie"
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            "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1014
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                  #table: "terms"
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                  #keyType: "int"
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                    "id" => 5420
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-08 17:28:58"
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                    "field_degree_rp" => "доктора педагогических наук"
                    "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                    "field_name" => "Владимир"
                    "field_patronymic" => "Васильевич"
                    "field_surname_rp" => "Пасечника"
                  ]
                  #original: array:12 [
                    "id" => 5420
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-08 17:28:58"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Пасечник"
                    "field_bio" => null
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                    "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                    "field_name" => "Владимир"
                    "field_patronymic" => "Васильевич"
                    "field_surname_rp" => "Пасечника"
                  ]
                  #changes: []
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                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
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                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
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                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
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                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
                1 => App\Models\Term {#1016
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "terms"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: false
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:12 [
                    "id" => 4539
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-08 17:28:58"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Каменский"
                    "field_bio" => null
                    "field_degree_rp" => "доктора биологических наук"
                    "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                    "field_name" => "Андрей"
                    "field_patronymic" => "Александрович"
                    "field_surname_rp" => "Каменского"
                  ]
                  #original: array:12 [
                    "id" => 4539
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                    "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                    "field_name" => "Андрей"
                    "field_patronymic" => "Александрович"
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                    0 => "*"
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                }
                2 => App\Models\Term {#1017
                  #connection: "mysql"
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                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
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                  #withCount: []
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                  +exists: true
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                  #attributes: array:12 [
                    "id" => 6304
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-08 17:28:58"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "name" => "Швецов"
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                    "field_degree_rp" => "кандидата педагогических наук"
                    "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                    "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                    "field_name" => "Глеб"
                    "field_patronymic" => "Геннадьевич"
                    "field_surname_rp" => null
                  ]
                  #original: array:12 [
                    "id" => 6304
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-08 17:28:58"
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                    "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                    "field_name" => "Глеб"
                    "field_patronymic" => "Геннадьевич"
                    "field_surname_rp" => null
                  ]
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              ]
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            "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1018
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1019
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                0 => App\Models\Term {#1020
                  #connection: "mysql"
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                    "id" => 6671
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-08 17:28:58"
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                  ]
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            "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1021
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                0 => App\Models\Term {#1022
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            "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1033
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            }
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                }
                1 => App\Models\Task {#5387
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
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                  #keyType: "int"
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                2 => App\Models\Task {#5420
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "tasks"
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                3 => App\Models\Task {#5408
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                  #table: "tasks"
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                4 => App\Models\Task {#5393
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                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#5394 …2}
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                5 => App\Models\Task {#5447
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                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#5446 …2}
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                6 => App\Models\Task {#5468
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    "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1042
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                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_match" => null
            "breadcrumbs" => []
            "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1072
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "branches"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:23 [
                    "id" => 1446227
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-08 17:28:58"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_display_title" => "Нейрогуморальная регуляция процессов жизнедеятельности"
                    "field_branch_order" => "10"
                    "field_url" => null
                    "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1077 …2}
                    "field_page_start" => "171"
                    "field_branch_display" => "0"
                    "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
                    "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
                    "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
                    "field_navigation_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_branch_cover" => []
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1076 …2}
                    "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1075 …2}
                  ]
                  #original: array:23 [
                    "id" => 1446227
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-08 17:28:58"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_display_title" => "Нейрогуморальная регуляция процессов жизнедеятельности"
                    "field_branch_order" => "10"
                    "field_url" => null
                    "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1077 …2}
                    "field_page_start" => "171"
                    "field_branch_display" => "0"
                    "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
                    "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
                    "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
                    "field_navigation_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_branch_cover" => []
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1076 …2}
                    "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1075 …2}
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1108
              #items: array:3 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1118
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "branches"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:23 [
                    "id" => 1446227
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-08 17:28:58"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_display_title" => "Нейрогуморальная регуляция процессов жизнедеятельности"
                    "field_branch_order" => "10"
                    "field_url" => null
                    "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1119 …2}
                    "field_page_start" => "171"
                    "field_branch_display" => "0"
                    "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
                    "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
                    "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
                    "field_navigation_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_branch_cover" => []
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1120 …2}
                    "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1121 …2}
                  ]
                  #original: array:23 [
                    "id" => 1446227
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-08 17:28:58"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_display_title" => "Нейрогуморальная регуляция процессов жизнедеятельности"
                    "field_branch_order" => "10"
                    "field_url" => null
                    "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1119 …2}
                    "field_page_start" => "171"
                    "field_branch_display" => "0"
                    "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
                    "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
                    "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
                    "field_navigation_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_branch_cover" => []
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1120 …2}
                    "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1121 …2}
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
                1 => App\Models\Branch {#1122
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "branches"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:23 [
                    "id" => 1446245
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-08 17:28:58"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_display_title" => "Вегетативная нервная система"
                    "field_branch_order" => "43"
                    "field_url" => null
                    "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1126 …2}
                    "field_page_start" => "186"
                    "field_branch_display" => "0"
                    "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
                    "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
                    "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
                    "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
                    "field_navigation_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "field_branch_cover" => []
                    "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1125 …2}
                    "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1124 …2}
                  ]
                  #original: array:23 [
                    "id" => 1446245
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-08 17:28:58"
                     …21
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
                2 => App\Models\Branch {#1127
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "branches"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:23 [ …23]
                  #original: array:23 [ …23]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1106
              #items: array:3 [
                0 => App\Models\Element {#1099
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "elements"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:7 [ …7]
                  #original: array:7 [ …7]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
                1 => App\Models\Element {#1097
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "elements"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [ …6]
                  #original: array:6 [ …6]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
                2 => App\Models\Element {#1092
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "elements"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [ …6]
                  #original: array:6 [ …6]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "next" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1446673"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "previous" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1446671"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1006}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "page" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1446011"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 1446672
            "created_at" => "2026-04-08 17:28:58"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_page_start" => "186"
            "field_page_end" => null
            "field_url" => "/8-klass/biologija/pasechnik/43-1-1"
            "field_display_title" => "1"
            "field_outside_task" => null
            "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064}
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_match" => null
            "breadcrumbs" => []
            "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063}
            "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073}
            "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1108}
            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1106}
            "next" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1446673"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "previous" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1446671"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102}
            "page" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1446011"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        1 => App\Models\Task {#1065
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "tasks"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 1446673
            "created_at" => "2026-04-08 17:28:58"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_page_start" => "186"
            "field_page_end" => null
            "field_url" => "/8-klass/biologija/pasechnik/43-1-2"
            "field_display_title" => "2"
            "field_outside_task" => null
            "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1115
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Term {#1061}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_match" => null
            "breadcrumbs" => []
            "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1103
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1101
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1118}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1105
              #items: array:3 [
                0 => App\Models\Branch {#1118}
                1 => App\Models\Branch {#1122}
                2 => App\Models\Branch {#1127}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067
              #items: array:3 [
                0 => App\Models\Element {#1109
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "elements"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:7 [ …7]
                  #original: array:7 [ …7]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
                1 => App\Models\Element {#1114
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "elements"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [ …6]
                  #original: array:6 [ …6]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
                2 => App\Models\Element {#1112
                  #connection: "mysql"
                  #table: "elements"
                  #primaryKey: "id"
                  #keyType: "int"
                  +incrementing: true
                  #with: []
                  #withCount: []
                  +preventsLazyLoading: false
                  #perPage: 15
                  +exists: true
                  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                  #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                  #attributes: array:6 [ …6]
                  #original: array:6 [ …6]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [ …1]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "next" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1446674"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "previous" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1446672"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068
              #items: array:1 [
                0 => App\Models\Book {#1006}
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "page" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1446011"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 1446673
            "created_at" => "2026-04-08 17:28:58"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_page_start" => "186"
            "field_page_end" => null
            "field_url" => "/8-klass/biologija/pasechnik/43-1-2"
            "field_display_title" => "2"
            "field_outside_task" => null
            "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1115}
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_match" => null
            "breadcrumbs" => []
            "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1103}
            "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1101}
            "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1105}
            "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067}
            "next" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1446674"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "previous" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1446672"
              "type" => "task"
            ]
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068}
            "page" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1446011"
              "type" => "book_page"
            ]
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
      ]
      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
    }
  ]
  #original: array:21 [
    "id" => 1446011
    "created_at" => "2026-04-08 17:28:58"
    "updated_at" => null
    "field_page_start" => "186"
    "field_url" => "/8-klass/biologija/pasechnik/page-186"
    "field_display_title" => "186"
    "field_folder" => "1"
    "field_image_name" => "186"
    "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1008}
    "field_weight" => "0"
    "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1040}
    "field_metatags_title" => null
    "field_metatags_description" => null
    "field_h1" => null
    "field_description_top" => null
    "field_description_bottom" => null
    "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1038}
    "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1049}
    "next" => array:2 [
      "refs" => "1446012"
      "type" => "book_page"
    ]
    "previous" => array:2 [
      "refs" => "1446010"
      "type" => "book_page"
    ]
    "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1042}
  ]
  #changes: []
  #casts: []
  #classCastCache: []
  #attributeCastCache: []
  #dateFormat: null
  #appends: []
  #dispatchesEvents: []
  #observables: []
  #relations: []
  #touches: []
  +timestamps: true
  +usesUniqueIds: false
  #hidden: []
  #visible: []
  #fillable: []
  #guarded: array:1 [
    0 => "*"
  ]
}
Биология, 8 класс Учебник, авторы: Пасечник Владимир Васильевич, Каменский Андрей Александрович, Швецов Глеб Геннадьевич, издательство Просвещение, Москва, 2019, страница 186
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