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Номер 2.26, страница 12 - гдз по физике 8 класс задачник Артеменков, Ломаченков
Авторы: Артеменков Д. А., Ломаченков И. А., Панебратцев Ю. А.
Тип: Задачник
Серия: сферы
Издательство: Просвещение
Год издания: 2010 - 2026
Цвет обложки: фиолетовый
ISBN: 978-5-09-046040-8
Популярные ГДЗ в 8 классе
II. Изменения агрегатного состояния вещества - номер 2.26, страница 12.
App\Models\Task {#1030 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1460114 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "12" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/02-26" "field_display_title" => "2.26" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1036 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1035 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1034 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1460045 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "II. 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#escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 1646 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1041 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1043 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1045 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1047 #items: array:3 [ …3] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1051 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052 #items: array:1 [ …1] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1054 #items: array:1 [ …1] …1 } "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1058 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062 …2} "field_publication_number" => "5" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2010" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "308" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/artemenkov-zd/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-046040-8" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067 …2} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 1646 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1041} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1043} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1045} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1047} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1051} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1054 …1} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1058 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062 …2} "field_publication_number" => "5" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1063 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2010" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "308" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/artemenkov-zd/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-046040-8" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067 …2} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1068 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1070 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1460045 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "II. 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Какое количество теплоты было затрачено?</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "26-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1729" "height" => 230 "path" => "/media/fizika_08/artemenkov-zd/0-02/26-1.webp?ts=1760701714" ] ] ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 1753612 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1092} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460114" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>2.26</strong> Из кастрюли выкипела вода объёмом 250 мл, начальная температура которой составляла 15 °C. Какое количество теплоты было затрачено?</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "26-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1729" "height" => 230 "path" => "/media/fizika_08/artemenkov-zd/0-02/26-1.webp?ts=1760701714" ] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Element {#1090 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1821719 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1091 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 6688 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1094 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1096 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1097 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 6688 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1094 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1095 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1096 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1097 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460114" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>Дано:</strong></p><p>Объём воды $V = 250$ мл</p><p>Начальная температура воды $t_1 = 15$ °C</p><p>Плотность воды $\rho \approx 1000$ кг/м³</p><p>Удельная теплоёмкость воды $c = 4200$ Дж/(кг·°C)</p><p>Удельная теплота парообразования воды $L = 2.3 \cdot 10^6$ Дж/кг</p><p>Температура кипения воды (при нормальном давлении) $t_2 = 100$ °C</p><p>$V = 250 \text{ мл} = 250 \text{ см}^3 = 250 \cdot 10^{-6} \text{ м}^3 = 0.00025 \text{ м}^3$</p><p><strong>Найти:</strong></p><p>Общее количество теплоты $\text{Q}$</p><p><strong>Решение:</strong></p><p>Чтобы вода полностью выкипела, необходимо сначала нагреть её до температуры кипения, а затем превратить в пар. Общее количество затраченной теплоты $\text{Q}$ будет равно сумме теплоты, необходимой для нагревания ($Q_1$), и теплоты, необходимой для парообразования ($Q_2$).</p><p>$Q = Q_1 + Q_2$</p><p><strong>1.</strong> Рассчитаем количество теплоты $Q_1$, необходимое для нагревания воды от начальной температуры $t_1$ до температуры кипения $t_2=100$ °C. Для этого нам понадобится масса воды $\text{m}$. Найдем её через объём $\text{V}$ и плотность $\rho$:</p><p>$m = \rho \cdot V$</p><p>$m = 1000 \text{ кг/м}^3 \cdot 0.00025 \text{ м}^3 = 0.25 \text{ кг}$</p><p>Теперь рассчитаем $Q_1$ по формуле:</p><p>$Q_1 = c \cdot m \cdot (t_2 - t_1)$</p><p>$Q_1 = 4200 \ \mathrm{Дж/(кг\cdot °C)} \cdot 0.25 \text{ кг} \cdot (100 \text{ °C} - 15 \text{ °C}) = 1050 \cdot 85 = 89250 \text{ Дж}$</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Рассчитаем количество теплоты $Q_2$, необходимое для превращения всей массы воды в пар при температуре кипения. Используем формулу:</p><p>$Q_2 = L \cdot m$</p><p>$Q_2 = 2.3 \cdot 10^6 \text{ Дж/кг} \cdot 0.25 \text{ кг} = 0.575 \cdot 10^6 \text{ Дж} = 575000 \text{ Дж}$</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Найдём общее количество теплоты, сложив $Q_1$ и $Q_2$:</p><p>$Q = Q_1 + Q_2 = 89250 \text{ Дж} + 575000 \text{ Дж} = 664250 \text{ Дж}$</p><p>Результат можно выразить в килоджоулях (кДж) для удобства:</p><p>$664250 \text{ Дж} = 664.25 \text{ кДж}$</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> было затрачено 664250 Дж (или 664.25 кДж) теплоты.</p>" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1821719 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460114" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>Дано:</strong></p><p>Объём воды $V = 250$ мл</p><p>Начальная температура воды $t_1 = 15$ °C</p><p>Плотность воды $\rho \approx 1000$ кг/м³</p><p>Удельная теплоёмкость воды $c = 4200$ Дж/(кг·°C)</p><p>Удельная теплота парообразования воды $L = 2.3 \cdot 10^6$ Дж/кг</p><p>Температура кипения воды (при нормальном давлении) $t_2 = 100$ °C</p><p>$V = 250 \text{ мл} = 250 \text{ см}^3 = 250 \cdot 10^{-6} \text{ м}^3 = 0.00025 \text{ м}^3$</p><p><strong>Найти:</strong></p><p>Общее количество теплоты $\text{Q}$</p><p><strong>Решение:</strong></p><p>Чтобы вода полностью выкипела, необходимо сначала нагреть её до температуры кипения, а затем превратить в пар. Общее количество затраченной теплоты $\text{Q}$ будет равно сумме теплоты, необходимой для нагревания ($Q_1$), и теплоты, необходимой для парообразования ($Q_2$).</p><p>$Q = Q_1 + Q_2$</p><p><strong>1.</strong> Рассчитаем количество теплоты $Q_1$, необходимое для нагревания воды от начальной температуры $t_1$ до температуры кипения $t_2=100$ °C. Для этого нам понадобится масса воды $\text{m}$. Найдем её через объём $\text{V}$ и плотность $\rho$:</p><p>$m = \rho \cdot V$</p><p>$m = 1000 \text{ кг/м}^3 \cdot 0.00025 \text{ м}^3 = 0.25 \text{ кг}$</p><p>Теперь рассчитаем $Q_1$ по формуле:</p><p>$Q_1 = c \cdot m \cdot (t_2 - t_1)$</p><p>$Q_1 = 4200 \ \mathrm{Дж/(кг\cdot °C)} \cdot 0.25 \text{ кг} \cdot (100 \text{ °C} - 15 \text{ °C}) = 1050 \cdot 85 = 89250 \text{ Дж}$</p><p><strong>2.</strong> Рассчитаем количество теплоты $Q_2$, необходимое для превращения всей массы воды в пар при температуре кипения. Используем формулу:</p><p>$Q_2 = L \cdot m$</p><p>$Q_2 = 2.3 \cdot 10^6 \text{ Дж/кг} \cdot 0.25 \text{ кг} = 0.575 \cdot 10^6 \text{ Дж} = 575000 \text{ Дж}$</p><p><strong>3.</strong> Найдём общее количество теплоты, сложив $Q_1$ и $Q_2$:</p><p>$Q = Q_1 + Q_2 = 89250 \text{ Дж} + 575000 \text{ Дж} = 664250 \text{ Дж}$</p><p>Результат можно выразить в килоджоулях (кДж) для удобства:</p><p>$664250 \text{ Дж} = 664.25 \text{ кДж}$</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> было затрачено 664250 Дж (или 664.25 кДж) теплоты.</p>" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460115" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460113" "type" => "task" ] "book" => 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#changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 379 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 492 ] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 1646 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1072} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1076} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1077} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1103} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1105} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1107} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1111} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1112} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113} "field_publication_number" => "5" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1114} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1115} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2010" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "308" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/artemenkov-zd/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-046040-8" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_08/artemenkov-zd/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760136860" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/fizika_08/artemenkov-zd/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760136860" "alt" => "" "width" => "1891" "height" => "2427" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1116} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1117} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1118} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1119} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 379 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 492 ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1297 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\BookPage {#1032 #connection: "mysql" #table: "book_pages" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 1462309 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "12" "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/page-12" "field_display_title" => "12" "field_folder" => "1" "field_image_name" => "12" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1023 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#331 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1121 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 1646 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1122 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1125 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1127 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1129 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1133 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1134 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1138 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1140 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1142 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1143 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144 …2} "field_publication_number" => "5" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2010" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "308" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/artemenkov-zd/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-046040-8" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1147 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1149 …2} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1150 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 1646 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1122 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1125 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1127 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1129 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1133 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1134 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1138 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1140 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1142 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1143 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144 …2} "field_publication_number" => "5" "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2010" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "308" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/artemenkov-zd/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-046040-8" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1147 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1149 …2} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1150 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1152 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1153 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1154 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1753870 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1155 …2} "book_page" => array:2 [ …2] "img" => array:1 [ …1] ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1753870 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1155 …2} "book_page" => array:2 [ …2] "img" => array:1 [ …1] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462310" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462308" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1162 #items: array:11 [ 0 => App\Models\Task {#1163 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1460109 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "12" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/02-21" "field_display_title" => "2.21" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1164 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1166 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1167 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1172 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1173 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1184 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1460109 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "12" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/02-21" "field_display_title" => "2.21" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1164 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1166 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1167 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1172 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1173 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1184 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Task {#1185 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1460110 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "12" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/02-22" "field_display_title" => "2.22" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1186 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1187 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1188 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1189 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1190 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1195 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1460110 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "12" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/02-22" "field_display_title" => "2.22" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1186 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1187 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1188 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1189 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1190 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1195 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 2 => App\Models\Task {#1196 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1460111 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "12" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/02-23" "field_display_title" => "2.23" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1197 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1198 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1199 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1200 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1201 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1206 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1460111 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "12" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/02-23" "field_display_title" => "2.23" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1197 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1198 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1199 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1200 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1201 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1206 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 3 => App\Models\Task {#1207 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1460112 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "12" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/02-24" "field_display_title" => "2.24" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1208 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1209 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1210 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1211 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1212 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1217 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1460112 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "12" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/02-24" "field_display_title" => "2.24" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1208 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1209 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1210 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1211 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1212 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1217 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 4 => App\Models\Task {#1218 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1460113 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "12" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/02-25" "field_display_title" => "2.25" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1219 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1220 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1221 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1222 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1223 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1228 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1460113 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "12" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/02-25" "field_display_title" => "2.25" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1219 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1220 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1221 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1222 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1223 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1228 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 5 => App\Models\Task {#1229 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1460114 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "12" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/02-26" "field_display_title" => "2.26" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1230 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1231 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1232 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1233 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1234 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1239 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1460114 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "12" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/02-26" "field_display_title" => "2.26" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1230 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1231 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1232 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1233 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1234 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1239 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 6 => App\Models\Task {#1240 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1460115 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "12" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/02-27" "field_display_title" => "2.27" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1241 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1242 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1243 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1244 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1245 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1250 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1460115 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "12" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/02-27" "field_display_title" => "2.27" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1241 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1242 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1243 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1244 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1245 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1250 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 7 => App\Models\Task {#1251 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1460116 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "12" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/02-28" "field_display_title" => "2.28" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1252 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1253 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1254 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1255 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1256 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1261 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1460116 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "12" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/02-28" "field_display_title" => "2.28" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1252 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1253 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1254 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1255 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1256 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1261 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 8 => App\Models\Task {#1262 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1460117 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "12" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/02-29" "field_display_title" => "2.29" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1263 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1264 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1265 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1266 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1267 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1272 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1460117 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "12" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/02-29" "field_display_title" => "2.29" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1263 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1264 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1265 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1266 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1267 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1272 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 9 => App\Models\Task {#1273 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1460118 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "12" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/02-30" "field_display_title" => "2.30" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1274 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1275 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1276 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1277 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1278 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1283 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1460118 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "12" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/02-30" "field_display_title" => "2.30" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1274 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1275 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1276 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1277 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1278 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1283 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 10 => App\Models\Task {#1284 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1460119 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "12" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/02-31" "field_display_title" => "2.31" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1285 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1286 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1287 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1288 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1289 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1294 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1460119 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "12" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/02-31" "field_display_title" => "2.31" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1285 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1286 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1287 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1288 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1289 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1294 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 1462309 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "12" "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/page-12" "field_display_title" => "12" "field_folder" => "1" "field_image_name" => "12" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1023} "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#331} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1152} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1153} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462310" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462308" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1162} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1460114 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "12" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/artemenkov-zadachnik/02-26" "field_display_title" => "2.26" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1035} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1074} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460115" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1460113" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1123} "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1462309" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] }
№2.26 (с. 12)
Условие. №2.26 (с. 12)
скриншот условия
2.26 Из кастрюли выкипела вода объёмом 250 мл, начальная температура которой составляла 15 °C. Какое количество теплоты было затрачено?
Решение. №2.26 (с. 12)
Дано:
Объём воды $V = 250$ мл
Начальная температура воды $t_1 = 15$ °C
Плотность воды $\rho \approx 1000$ кг/м³
Удельная теплоёмкость воды $c = 4200$ Дж/(кг·°C)
Удельная теплота парообразования воды $L = 2.3 \cdot 10^6$ Дж/кг
Температура кипения воды (при нормальном давлении) $t_2 = 100$ °C
$V = 250 \text{ мл} = 250 \text{ см}^3 = 250 \cdot 10^{-6} \text{ м}^3 = 0.00025 \text{ м}^3$
Найти:
Общее количество теплоты $\text{Q}$
Решение:
Чтобы вода полностью выкипела, необходимо сначала нагреть её до температуры кипения, а затем превратить в пар. Общее количество затраченной теплоты $\text{Q}$ будет равно сумме теплоты, необходимой для нагревания ($Q_1$), и теплоты, необходимой для парообразования ($Q_2$).
$Q = Q_1 + Q_2$
1. Рассчитаем количество теплоты $Q_1$, необходимое для нагревания воды от начальной температуры $t_1$ до температуры кипения $t_2=100$ °C. Для этого нам понадобится масса воды $\text{m}$. Найдем её через объём $\text{V}$ и плотность $\rho$:
$m = \rho \cdot V$
$m = 1000 \text{ кг/м}^3 \cdot 0.00025 \text{ м}^3 = 0.25 \text{ кг}$
Теперь рассчитаем $Q_1$ по формуле:
$Q_1 = c \cdot m \cdot (t_2 - t_1)$
$Q_1 = 4200 \ \mathrm{Дж/(кг\cdot °C)} \cdot 0.25 \text{ кг} \cdot (100 \text{ °C} - 15 \text{ °C}) = 1050 \cdot 85 = 89250 \text{ Дж}$
2. Рассчитаем количество теплоты $Q_2$, необходимое для превращения всей массы воды в пар при температуре кипения. Используем формулу:
$Q_2 = L \cdot m$
$Q_2 = 2.3 \cdot 10^6 \text{ Дж/кг} \cdot 0.25 \text{ кг} = 0.575 \cdot 10^6 \text{ Дж} = 575000 \text{ Дж}$
3. Найдём общее количество теплоты, сложив $Q_1$ и $Q_2$:
$Q = Q_1 + Q_2 = 89250 \text{ Дж} + 575000 \text{ Дж} = 664250 \text{ Дж}$
Результат можно выразить в килоджоулях (кДж) для удобства:
$664250 \text{ Дж} = 664.25 \text{ кДж}$
Ответ: было затрачено 664250 Дж (или 664.25 кДж) теплоты.
Другие задания:
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