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Номер 1, страница 37 - гдз по физике 8 класс тренажёр Хмельницкая
Авторы: Хмельницкая А. Ю.
Тип: Тренажёр
Серия: классический курс
Издательство: Просвещение
Год издания: 2020 - 2026
Цвет обложки: синий
ISBN: 978-5-09-073707-4
Популярные ГДЗ в 8 классе
Практическая работа с текстом № 2 - номер 1, страница 37.
App\Models\Task {#1030 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1473769 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "37" "field_page_end" => "38" "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/hmelnickaya-trenazhyor/text2-1" "field_display_title" => "1" "field_outside_task" => "0" "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1036 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1035 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1046 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1473633 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Практическая работа с текстом № 2" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1047 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "37" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1056 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 5131 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1058 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6493 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Физика" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "физику" "field_creative_case" => "физикой" "field_dative_case" => "физике" "field_genitive_case" => "физики" "field_nominative_case" => "физика" "field_prepositional_case" => "физике" ] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "fizika" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6493 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Физика" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "физику" "field_creative_case" => "физикой" "field_dative_case" => "физике" "field_genitive_case" => "физики" "field_nominative_case" => "физика" "field_prepositional_case" => "физике" ] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "fizika" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1069 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1068 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5457 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "8" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "восьмой" "field_creative_case" => "восьмым" "field_dative_case" => "восьмому" "field_genitive_case" => "восьмого" "field_nominative_case" => "восьмой" "field_prepositional_case" => "восьмом" ] "field_translit" => "vosmoj" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5457 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "8" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "восьмой" "field_creative_case" => "восьмым" "field_dative_case" => "восьмому" "field_genitive_case" => "восьмого" "field_nominative_case" => "восьмой" "field_prepositional_case" => "восьмом" ] "field_translit" => "vosmoj" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1059 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5153 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Просвещение" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "prosveschenie" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5153 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Просвещение" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "prosveschenie" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1074 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1073 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 6118 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Хмельницкая" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Алевтина" "field_patronymic" => "Юрьевна" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 6118 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Хмельницкая" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Алевтина" "field_patronymic" => "Юрьевна" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1063 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6661 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Тренажёр" "field_book_type_foreign" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "тренажёр" "field_creative_case" => "тренажёром" "field_dative_case" => "тренажёру" "field_genitive_case" => "тренажёра" "field_nominative_case" => "тренажёр" "field_prepositional_case" => "тренажёре" ] "field_plural_form" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "trenazhyor" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6661 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Тренажёр" "field_book_type_foreign" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "тренажёр" "field_creative_case" => "тренажёром" "field_dative_case" => "тренажёру" "field_genitive_case" => "тренажёра" "field_nominative_case" => "тренажёр" "field_prepositional_case" => "тренажёре" ] "field_plural_form" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "trenazhyor" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1070 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1076 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1071 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1078 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1075 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:8 [ "id" => 4718 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "классический курс" "field_cases" => null "field_foreign_lang_series" => null "field_transcription_eng" => null "field_translit" => "klassicheskiy kurs" ] #original: array:8 [ "id" => 4718 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "классический курс" "field_cases" => null "field_foreign_lang_series" => null "field_transcription_eng" => null "field_translit" => "klassicheskiy kurs" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1077 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1079 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6706 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "ФГОС (старый)" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_color" => null "field_end_year" => "2022" "field_start_year" => "2019" "field_translit" => "fgos-old" "field_type" => null ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6706 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "ФГОС (старый)" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_color" => null "field_end_year" => "2022" "field_start_year" => "2019" "field_translit" => "fgos-old" "field_type" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1080 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2020" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "287" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/hmelnickaya-t/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-09-073707-4" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_08/hmelnickaya-t/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760533292" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/fizika_08/hmelnickaya-t/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760533292" "alt" => "" "width" => "1815" "height" => "2481" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1083 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1084 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1085 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/hmelnickaya-trenazhyor" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1089 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1086 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 49 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "синий" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "siniy" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 49 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "синий" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "siniy" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 379 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 492 ] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 5131 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1069} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1074} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1076} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1078} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1077} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1060} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1081} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1080} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2020" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебное пособие для общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null 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"mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 1764326 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1096 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1095 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 6417 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1097 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1059} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "stas" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1103 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1099 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 6417 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1097} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "stas" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1103} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1099} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1473769" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>Прочитайте текст.</strong></p><p><em><strong>От «животного электричества» к батарейке</strong></em></p><p>Алессандро Вольта, итальянский физик, химик и физиолог, заметил одну незначительную деталь опытов с «животным электричеством», на которую не обратил внимания сам Л. Гальвани: когда к лягушке присоединяли провода из разнородных металлов, мышечные сокращения становились сильнее.</p><p>Вольта предположил, что два металла, разделённые телом, в котором много воды, хорошо проводящей электрический ток, рождают свою собственную электрическую силу.</p><p>Решающий эксперимент Вольта провёл на самом себе. «Я накладываю на глазное яблоко конец оловянного листочка, беру в рот серебряную монету или ложку и затем привожу обе эти обкладки в соприкосновение при помощи двух металлических остриёв, — описывал Вольта свой оригинальный физический опыт. — Это оказывается достаточным, чтобы тотчас же или каждый раз, как производится соприкосновение, получить явление света или преходящей молнии в глазу».</p><p>20 марта 1800 г. в письме к сэру Джозефу Бэнксу, президенту Лондонского Королевского общества, Вольта подробно рассказал об изобретённом им новом источнике электричества: «...я взял несколько дюжин круглых медных пластинок, а ещё лучше серебряных диаметром примерно в один дюйм и такое же количество оловянных или лучше цинковых пластинок. Затем из пористого материала, который может впитывать и удерживать много влаги (картон, кожа), я вырезал достаточное количество кружков. Все эти пластинки я расположил таким образом, что металлы накладывались друг на друга всегда в одном и том же порядке и что каждая пара пластинок отделялась от следующей влажным кружком из картона или кожи...»</p><p>Так появились электрохимические батареи, которые сначала все называли «вольтовыми столбами». Из лабораторий учёных они сейчас путешествуют в самые отдалённые уголки Земли.</p><p><strong>Задания к тексту</strong></p><p><i><strong>Оцените себя сами:</strong> поставьте рядом с каждым заданием <strong>1 балл</strong>, если уверены, что отвечаете правильно; <strong>0 баллов</strong>, если сомневаетесь в правильности ответа.</i></p><p><strong>Ответьте на вопросы.</strong></p><p><strong>1.</strong> Как назывались батареи, созданные Вольта? ________</p>" "img" => array:2 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "1-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1666" "height" => 1161 "path" => "/media/fizika_08/hmelnickaya-t/0-text2/1-1.webp?ts=1760883434" ] 1 => array:5 [ "name" => "1-2.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1698" "height" => 1251 "path" => "/media/fizika_08/hmelnickaya-t/0-text2/1-2.webp?ts=1760883434" ] ] ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 1764326 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1096} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1473769" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>Прочитайте текст.</strong></p><p><em><strong>От «животного электричества» к батарейке</strong></em></p><p>Алессандро Вольта, итальянский физик, химик и физиолог, заметил одну незначительную деталь опытов с «животным электричеством», на которую не обратил внимания сам Л. Гальвани: когда к лягушке присоединяли провода из разнородных металлов, мышечные сокращения становились сильнее.</p><p>Вольта предположил, что два металла, разделённые телом, в котором много воды, хорошо проводящей электрический ток, рождают свою собственную электрическую силу.</p><p>Решающий эксперимент Вольта провёл на самом себе. «Я накладываю на глазное яблоко конец оловянного листочка, беру в рот серебряную монету или ложку и затем привожу обе эти обкладки в соприкосновение при помощи двух металлических остриёв, — описывал Вольта свой оригинальный физический опыт. — Это оказывается достаточным, чтобы тотчас же или каждый раз, как производится соприкосновение, получить явление света или преходящей молнии в глазу».</p><p>20 марта 1800 г. в письме к сэру Джозефу Бэнксу, президенту Лондонского Королевского общества, Вольта подробно рассказал об изобретённом им новом источнике электричества: «...я взял несколько дюжин круглых медных пластинок, а ещё лучше серебряных диаметром примерно в один дюйм и такое же количество оловянных или лучше цинковых пластинок. Затем из пористого материала, который может впитывать и удерживать много влаги (картон, кожа), я вырезал достаточное количество кружков. Все эти пластинки я расположил таким образом, что металлы накладывались друг на друга всегда в одном и том же порядке и что каждая пара пластинок отделялась от следующей влажным кружком из картона или кожи...»</p><p>Так появились электрохимические батареи, которые сначала все называли «вольтовыми столбами». Из лабораторий учёных они сейчас путешествуют в самые отдалённые уголки Земли.</p><p><strong>Задания к тексту</strong></p><p><i><strong>Оцените себя сами:</strong> поставьте рядом с каждым заданием <strong>1 балл</strong>, если уверены, что отвечаете правильно; <strong>0 баллов</strong>, если сомневаетесь в правильности ответа.</i></p><p><strong>Ответьте на вопросы.</strong></p><p><strong>1.</strong> Как назывались батареи, созданные Вольта? ________</p>" "img" => array:2 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "1-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1666" "height" => 1161 "path" => "/media/fizika_08/hmelnickaya-t/0-text2/1-1.webp?ts=1760883434" ] 1 => array:5 [ "name" => "1-2.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1698" "height" => 1251 "path" => "/media/fizika_08/hmelnickaya-t/0-text2/1-2.webp?ts=1760883434" ] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Element {#1088 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1852414 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1104 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 7018 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1105 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 7012 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "gemini 2.5 pro" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 7012 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "gemini 2.5 pro" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1106 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1110 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 7018 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1106} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1110} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1473769" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>1.</strong> Как назывались батареи, созданные Вольта?</p><p>В последнем абзаце представленного текста указано, как изначально назывались изобретенные Алессандро Вольта электрохимические батареи. В тексте говорится: «Так появились электрохимические батареи, которые сначала все называли “вольтовыми столбами”».</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Батареи, созданные Вольта, назывались «вольтовыми столбами».</p>" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1852414 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1473769" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>1.</strong> Как назывались батареи, созданные Вольта?</p><p>В последнем абзаце представленного текста указано, как изначально назывались изобретенные Алессандро Вольта электрохимические батареи. В тексте говорится: «Так появились электрохимические батареи, которые сначала все называли “вольтовыми столбами”».</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Батареи, созданные Вольта, назывались «вольтовыми столбами».</p>" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1473770" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1473768" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1048 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1056} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1043 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\BookPage {#1050 #connection: "mysql" #table: "book_pages" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 1473548 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "37" "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/hmelnickaya-trenazhyor/page-37" "field_display_title" => "37" "field_folder" => "1" "field_image_name" => "37" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1092 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1056} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1087 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1116 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1115 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1764368 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1118 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1095} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "book_page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1473548" "type" => "book_page" ] "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "37-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1932" "height" => 2552 "path" => "/media/fizika_08/hmelnickaya-t/0-1/37-1.webp?ts=1760883564" ] ] ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1764368 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1118} "book_page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1473548" "type" => "book_page" ] "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "37-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1932" "height" => 2552 "path" => "/media/fizika_08/hmelnickaya-t/0-1/37-1.webp?ts=1760883564" ] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1473549" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1473547" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1170 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Task {#1178 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1473768 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "37" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/hmelnickaya-trenazhyor/prrab06-2-6" "field_display_title" => "6" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1179 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1036} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1180 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1190 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1189 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1473630 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Проверочная работа № 6. Электризация тел и электрический заряд" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1191 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "33" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1192 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1056} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1193 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1473630 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Проверочная работа № 6. Электризация тел и электрический заряд" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1191} "field_page_start" => "33" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1192} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1193} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1222 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1230 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1473630 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Проверочная работа № 6. Электризация тел и электрический заряд" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1231 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "33" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1232 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1056} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1233 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1473630 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Проверочная работа № 6. Электризация тел и электрический заряд" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1231} "field_page_start" => "33" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1232} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1233} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Branch {#1234 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1473632 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Вариант 2" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1235 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "35" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1236 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1056} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1237 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1189} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1473632 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Вариант 2" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1235} "field_page_start" => "35" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1236} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1237} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1182 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1213 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 1764221 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1212 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1095} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1473768" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>Внесите значения в таблицу.</strong></p><p><strong>6.</strong> Даны две наэлектризованные палочки: стеклянная палочка (рис. 1), потёртая о шёлк, и эбонитовая палочка (рис. 2), потёртая о мех. Какие заряды имеют палочки?</p><p>Впишите в таблицу правильный ответ:</p><p><strong>а)</strong> положительный</p><p><strong>б)</strong> отрицательный</p><p><strong>в)</strong> не имеет заряда</p><div class="table-wrap"><table style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><thead><tr><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">1</th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">2</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr></tbody></table></div>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "6-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1700" "height" => 984 "path" => "/media/fizika_08/hmelnickaya-t/0-prrab06-2/6-1.webp?ts=1760883394" ] ] ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 1764221 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1212} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1473768" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>Внесите значения в таблицу.</strong></p><p><strong>6.</strong> Даны две наэлектризованные палочки: стеклянная палочка (рис. 1), потёртая о шёлк, и эбонитовая палочка (рис. 2), потёртая о мех. Какие заряды имеют палочки?</p><p>Впишите в таблицу правильный ответ:</p><p><strong>а)</strong> положительный</p><p><strong>б)</strong> отрицательный</p><p><strong>в)</strong> не имеет заряда</p><div class="table-wrap"><table style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><thead><tr><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">1</th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">2</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"></td></tr></tbody></table></div>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "6-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1700" "height" => 984 "path" => "/media/fizika_08/hmelnickaya-t/0-prrab06-2/6-1.webp?ts=1760883394" ] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Element {#1210 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1852309 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1211 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1104} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1473768" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>Решение</strong></p><p>При электризации трением тела обмениваются электронами. Тело, которое отдает электроны, заряжается положительно, а то, которое принимает, – отрицательно. Какие именно тела отдают, а какие принимают электроны, определяется их свойствами и положением в так называемом трибоэлектрическом ряду.</p><p><strong>1</strong> На рисунке 1 стеклянную палочку натирают шёлком. В результате этого процесса стекло отдаёт свои электроны шёлку. Таким образом, на стеклянной палочке образуется недостаток электронов, и она приобретает положительный заряд. Это соответствует варианту <em>а)</em>.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> а</p><p><strong>2</strong> На рисунке 2 эбонитовую палочку натирают мехом. В этом случае, наоборот, эбонит забирает электроны у меха. В результате на эбонитовой палочке образуется избыток электронов, и она приобретает отрицательный заряд. Это соответствует варианту <em>б)</em>.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> б</p><p>Итоговая таблица:</p><div class="table-wrap"><table border="1" style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><tbody><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">1</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">2</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">а</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">б</td></tr></tbody></table></div>" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1852309 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1211} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1473768" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>Решение</strong></p><p>При электризации трением тела обмениваются электронами. Тело, которое отдает электроны, заряжается положительно, а то, которое принимает, – отрицательно. Какие именно тела отдают, а какие принимают электроны, определяется их свойствами и положением в так называемом трибоэлектрическом ряду.</p><p><strong>1</strong> На рисунке 1 стеклянную палочку натирают шёлком. В результате этого процесса стекло отдаёт свои электроны шёлку. Таким образом, на стеклянной палочке образуется недостаток электронов, и она приобретает положительный заряд. Это соответствует варианту <em>а)</em>.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> а</p><p><strong>2</strong> На рисунке 2 эбонитовую палочку натирают мехом. В этом случае, наоборот, эбонит забирает электроны у меха. В результате на эбонитовой палочке образуется избыток электронов, и она приобретает отрицательный заряд. Это соответствует варианту <em>б)</em>.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> б</p><p>Итоговая таблица:</p><div class="table-wrap"><table border="1" style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"><tbody><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">1</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">2</td></tr><tr><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">а</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">б</td></tr></tbody></table></div>" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1473769" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1473767" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1216 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1056} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1473548" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1473768 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "37" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/hmelnickaya-trenazhyor/prrab06-2-6" "field_display_title" => "6" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1179} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1180} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1190} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1222} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1182} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1473769" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1473767" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1216} "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1473548" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Task {#1219 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1473769 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "37" "field_page_end" => "38" "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/hmelnickaya-trenazhyor/text2-1" "field_display_title" => "1" "field_outside_task" => "0" "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1227 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1036} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1214 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1217 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1183 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1045} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1218 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1054} 1 => App\Models\Element {#1088} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1473770" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1473768" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1186 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1056} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1473548" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1473769 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "37" "field_page_end" => "38" "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/hmelnickaya-trenazhyor/text2-1" "field_display_title" => "1" "field_outside_task" => "0" "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1227} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1214} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1217} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1183} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1218} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1473770" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1473768" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1186} "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1473548" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 1473548 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "37" "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/hmelnickaya-trenazhyor/page-37" "field_display_title" => "37" "field_folder" => "1" "field_image_name" => "37" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052} "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1092} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1087} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1116} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1473549" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1473547" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1170} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1473769 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "37" "field_page_end" => "38" "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/hmelnickaya-trenazhyor/text2-1" "field_display_title" => "1" "field_outside_task" => "0" "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1037} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1035} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1046} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1038} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1034} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1473770" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1473768" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1048} "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1473548" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] }
№1 (с. 37)
Решение. №1 (с. 37)
скриншот условия
Прочитайте текст.
От «животного электричества» к батарейке
Алессандро Вольта, итальянский физик, химик и физиолог, заметил одну незначительную деталь опытов с «животным электричеством», на которую не обратил внимания сам Л. Гальвани: когда к лягушке присоединяли провода из разнородных металлов, мышечные сокращения становились сильнее.
Вольта предположил, что два металла, разделённые телом, в котором много воды, хорошо проводящей электрический ток, рождают свою собственную электрическую силу.
Решающий эксперимент Вольта провёл на самом себе. «Я накладываю на глазное яблоко конец оловянного листочка, беру в рот серебряную монету или ложку и затем привожу обе эти обкладки в соприкосновение при помощи двух металлических остриёв, — описывал Вольта свой оригинальный физический опыт. — Это оказывается достаточным, чтобы тотчас же или каждый раз, как производится соприкосновение, получить явление света или преходящей молнии в глазу».
20 марта 1800 г. в письме к сэру Джозефу Бэнксу, президенту Лондонского Королевского общества, Вольта подробно рассказал об изобретённом им новом источнике электричества: «...я взял несколько дюжин круглых медных пластинок, а ещё лучше серебряных диаметром примерно в один дюйм и такое же количество оловянных или лучше цинковых пластинок. Затем из пористого материала, который может впитывать и удерживать много влаги (картон, кожа), я вырезал достаточное количество кружков. Все эти пластинки я расположил таким образом, что металлы накладывались друг на друга всегда в одном и том же порядке и что каждая пара пластинок отделялась от следующей влажным кружком из картона или кожи...»
Так появились электрохимические батареи, которые сначала все называли «вольтовыми столбами». Из лабораторий учёных они сейчас путешествуют в самые отдалённые уголки Земли.
Задания к тексту
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1. Как назывались батареи, созданные Вольта? ________
Решение. №1 (с. 37)
1. Как назывались батареи, созданные Вольта?
В последнем абзаце представленного текста указано, как изначально назывались изобретенные Алессандро Вольта электрохимические батареи. В тексте говорится: «Так появились электрохимические батареи, которые сначала все называли “вольтовыми столбами”».
Ответ: Батареи, созданные Вольта, назывались «вольтовыми столбами».
Другие задания:
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