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Номер 1, страница 76 - гдз по физике 8 класс учебник Изергин
Авторы: Изергин Э. Т.
Тип: Учебник
Издательство: Русское слово
Год издания: 2019 - 2026
Цвет обложки: синий
ISBN: 978-5-533-01067-2
Популярные ГДЗ в 8 классе
Глава II. Электростатика. Параграф 12. Закон Кулона - номер 1, страница 76.
App\Models\Task {#1024 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1492341 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "76" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/12-1" "field_display_title" => "1" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#331 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1029 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1026 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#342 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1023 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1492168 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Электростатика" "field_branch_order" => "II" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#333 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1033 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "Главу" "field_creative_case" => "Главой" "field_dative_case" => "Главе" "field_genitive_case" => "Главы" "field_nominative_case" => "Глава" "field_prepositional_case" => "Главе" ] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "Главу" "field_creative_case" => "Главой" "field_dative_case" => "Главе" "field_genitive_case" => "Главы" "field_nominative_case" => "Глава" "field_prepositional_case" => "Главе" ] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "61" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1030 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1032 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 4168 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1034 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1035 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6493 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Физика" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "физику" "field_creative_case" => "физикой" "field_dative_case" => "физике" "field_genitive_case" => "физики" "field_nominative_case" => "физика" "field_prepositional_case" => "физике" ] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "fizika" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6493 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Физика" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "физику" "field_creative_case" => "физикой" "field_dative_case" => "физике" "field_genitive_case" => "физики" "field_nominative_case" => "физика" "field_prepositional_case" => "физике" ] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "fizika" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1036 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1037 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5457 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "8" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "восьмой" "field_creative_case" => "восьмым" "field_dative_case" => "восьмому" "field_genitive_case" => "восьмого" "field_nominative_case" => "восьмой" "field_prepositional_case" => "восьмом" ] "field_translit" => "vosmoj" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5457 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "8" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "восьмой" "field_creative_case" => "восьмым" "field_dative_case" => "восьмому" "field_genitive_case" => "восьмого" "field_nominative_case" => "восьмой" "field_prepositional_case" => "восьмом" ] "field_translit" => "vosmoj" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1038 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1039 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5176 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Русское слово" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "russkoe slovo" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5176 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Русское слово" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "russkoe slovo" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1040 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1041 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 4491 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Изергин" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Эдуард" "field_patronymic" => "Тимофеевич" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 4491 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Изергин" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Эдуард" "field_patronymic" => "Тимофеевич" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1042 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1043 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1044 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6671 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Учебник" "field_book_type_foreign" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "учебник" "field_creative_case" => "учебником" "field_dative_case" => "учебнику" "field_genitive_case" => "учебника" "field_nominative_case" => "учебник" "field_prepositional_case" => "учебнике" ] "field_plural_form" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "uchebnik" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6671 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Учебник" "field_book_type_foreign" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "учебник" "field_creative_case" => "учебником" "field_dative_case" => "учебнику" "field_genitive_case" => "учебника" "field_nominative_case" => "учебник" "field_prepositional_case" => "учебнике" ] "field_plural_form" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "uchebnik" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1045 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1046 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1047 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1048 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1049 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1051 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1053 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6706 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "ФГОС (старый)" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_color" => null "field_end_year" => "2022" "field_start_year" => "2019" "field_translit" => "fgos-old" "field_type" => null ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6706 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "ФГОС (старый)" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_color" => null "field_end_year" => "2022" "field_start_year" => "2019" "field_translit" => "fgos-old" "field_type" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1054 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 8 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "417" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01067-2" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_08/izergin-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760998278" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/fizika_08/izergin-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760998278" "alt" => "" "width" => "1608" "height" => "2576" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1058 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1060 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 49 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "синий" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "siniy" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 49 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "синий" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => null "field_creative_case" => null "field_dative_case" => null "field_genitive_case" => null "field_nominative_case" => null "field_prepositional_case" => null ] "field_translit" => "siniy" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 379 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 492 ] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 4168 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1034} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1036} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1038} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1040} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1042} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1043} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1045} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1047} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1049} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1051} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1054} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 8 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "417" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01067-2" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_08/izergin-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760998278" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/fizika_08/izergin-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760998278" "alt" => "" "width" => "1608" "height" => "2576" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1058} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 379 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 492 ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1492168 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Электростатика" "field_branch_order" => "II" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#333} "field_page_start" => "61" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1030} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1023} 1 => App\Models\Branch {#1063 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1492171 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Закон Кулона" "field_branch_order" => "12" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1065 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 32 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Параграф" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "Параграф" "field_creative_case" => "Параграфом" "field_dative_case" => "Параграфу" "field_genitive_case" => "Параграфа" "field_nominative_case" => "Параграф" "field_prepositional_case" => "Параграфе" ] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => "§" ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 32 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Параграф" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "Параграф" "field_creative_case" => "Параграфом" "field_dative_case" => "Параграфу" "field_genitive_case" => "Параграфа" "field_nominative_case" => "Параграф" "field_prepositional_case" => "Параграфе" ] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => "§" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "72" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1032} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1068 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1492168 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Электростатика" "field_branch_order" => "II" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1069 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1070 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ …7] #original: array:7 [ …7] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "61" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1072 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ …50] #original: array:50 [ …50] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1492168 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Электростатика" "field_branch_order" => "II" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1069} "field_page_start" => "61" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1492171 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Закон Кулона" "field_branch_order" => "12" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064} "field_page_start" => "72" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1066} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1101 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1102 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 1774493 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1103 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1104 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 6496 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1105 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1106 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ …6] #original: array:6 [ …6] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "stas" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1107 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1108 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 6496 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1105} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "stas" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1107} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1108} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1109} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1492341" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>1.</strong> Подтвердил, уточнил или опроверг эксперимент выдвинутую нами гипотезу?</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "1-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1403" "height" => 195 "path" => "/media/fizika_08/izergin-u/0-12/1-1.webp?ts=1761329183" ] ] ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 1774493 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1103} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1492341" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>1.</strong> Подтвердил, уточнил или опроверг эксперимент выдвинутую нами гипотезу?</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "1-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1403" "height" => 195 "path" => "/media/fizika_08/izergin-u/0-12/1-1.webp?ts=1761329183" ] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Element {#1110 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1851665 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1111 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1112 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 7014 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1114 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false …19 } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1115 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1116 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1117 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 7014 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1113} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1115} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1116} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1117} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1492341" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p>Результаты эксперимента по отношению к выдвинутой гипотезе могут быть интерпретированы тремя основными способами:</p><p><strong>Подтвердил</strong></p><p>Эксперимент подтверждает выдвинутую гипотезу, если полученные в ходе его проведения результаты полностью совпадают с теми, которые были предсказаны на основе этой гипотезы. Например, если гипотеза предполагает, что при увеличении температуры газа в замкнутом объеме его давление будет расти, и эксперимент показывает именно такую зависимость, то гипотеза считается подтвержденной. Важно отметить, что подтверждение не является окончательным доказательством истинности гипотезы, а лишь увеличивает степень уверенности в ней. Последующие, более точные или проведенные в других условиях эксперименты могут выявить нюансы, которые потребуют уточнения гипотезы.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Эксперимент подтверждает гипотезу, если его результаты соответствуют предсказаниям, сделанным на основе этой гипотезы.</p><p><strong>Уточнил</strong></p><p>Эксперимент уточняет гипотезу, когда его результаты в целом согласуются с предсказаниями, но при этом выявляют новые, ранее не учтенные факторы, условия или ограничения. Гипотеза в этом случае не опровергается, а модифицируется, становится более точной и полной. Например, гипотеза утверждала, что определенное лекарство эффективно против заболевания. Эксперимент мог показать, что лекарство действительно эффективно, но только для определенной возрастной группы пациентов или при отсутствии у них сопутствующих заболеваний. Таким образом, первоначальная гипотеза уточняется: "лекарство эффективно для пациентов в возрасте от 20 до 40 лет без хронических болезней почек".</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Эксперимент уточняет гипотезу, если его результаты в целом согласуются с ней, но при этом выявляют новые условия, ограничения или факторы, которые необходимо учесть, что приводит к её модификации и большей точности.</p><p><strong>Опроверг</strong></p><p>Эксперимент опровергает гипотезу, если его результаты прямо противоречат предсказаниям, сделанным на её основе. Согласно принципу фальсифицируемости, который является одним из ключевых критериев научности, любая гипотеза должна быть потенциально опровергаема. Если результаты эксперимента, проведенного корректно и с соблюдением всех методологических требований, не согласуются с гипотезой, то её следует признать ложной и отвергнуть. Например, если гипотеза гласит, что все вороны черные, то наблюдение хотя бы одной белой вороны (альбиноса) опровергает это утверждение. В таком случае ученым необходимо сформулировать новую гипотезу, которая сможет объяснить все имеющиеся наблюдения.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Эксперимент опровергает гипотезу, если полученные результаты прямо противоречат её предсказаниям.</p>" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1851665 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1111} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1492341" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p>Результаты эксперимента по отношению к выдвинутой гипотезе могут быть интерпретированы тремя основными способами:</p><p><strong>Подтвердил</strong></p><p>Эксперимент подтверждает выдвинутую гипотезу, если полученные в ходе его проведения результаты полностью совпадают с теми, которые были предсказаны на основе этой гипотезы. Например, если гипотеза предполагает, что при увеличении температуры газа в замкнутом объеме его давление будет расти, и эксперимент показывает именно такую зависимость, то гипотеза считается подтвержденной. Важно отметить, что подтверждение не является окончательным доказательством истинности гипотезы, а лишь увеличивает степень уверенности в ней. Последующие, более точные или проведенные в других условиях эксперименты могут выявить нюансы, которые потребуют уточнения гипотезы.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Эксперимент подтверждает гипотезу, если его результаты соответствуют предсказаниям, сделанным на основе этой гипотезы.</p><p><strong>Уточнил</strong></p><p>Эксперимент уточняет гипотезу, когда его результаты в целом согласуются с предсказаниями, но при этом выявляют новые, ранее не учтенные факторы, условия или ограничения. Гипотеза в этом случае не опровергается, а модифицируется, становится более точной и полной. Например, гипотеза утверждала, что определенное лекарство эффективно против заболевания. Эксперимент мог показать, что лекарство действительно эффективно, но только для определенной возрастной группы пациентов или при отсутствии у них сопутствующих заболеваний. Таким образом, первоначальная гипотеза уточняется: "лекарство эффективно для пациентов в возрасте от 20 до 40 лет без хронических болезней почек".</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Эксперимент уточняет гипотезу, если его результаты в целом согласуются с ней, но при этом выявляют новые условия, ограничения или факторы, которые необходимо учесть, что приводит к её модификации и большей точности.</p><p><strong>Опроверг</strong></p><p>Эксперимент опровергает гипотезу, если его результаты прямо противоречат предсказаниям, сделанным на её основе. Согласно принципу фальсифицируемости, который является одним из ключевых критериев научности, любая гипотеза должна быть потенциально опровергаема. Если результаты эксперимента, проведенного корректно и с соблюдением всех методологических требований, не согласуются с гипотезой, то её следует признать ложной и отвергнуть. Например, если гипотеза гласит, что все вороны черные, то наблюдение хотя бы одной белой вороны (альбиноса) опровергает это утверждение. В таком случае ученым необходимо сформулировать новую гипотезу, которая сможет объяснить все имеющиеся наблюдения.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Эксперимент опровергает гипотезу, если полученные результаты прямо противоречат её предсказаниям.</p>" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1492342" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1492340" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1118 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1032} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1273 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\BookPage {#1123 #connection: "mysql" #table: "book_pages" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 1491968 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "76" "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/page-76" "field_display_title" => "76" "field_folder" => "1" "field_image_name" => "76" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1126 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1125 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1127 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 4168 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1128 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1129 …30} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1131 …30} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1133 …30} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1134 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1135 …30} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1138 …30} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1140 …30} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1141 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1142 …30} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1143 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1147 …30} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1149 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 8 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "417" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01067-2" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_08/izergin-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760998278" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/fizika_08/izergin-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760998278" "alt" => "" "width" => "1608" "height" => "2576" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1150 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1151 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1152 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1153 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1154 …30} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 379 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 492 ] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 4168 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1128} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1134} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1141} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1143} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1146} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1149} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 8 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "417" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01067-2" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_08/izergin-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760998278" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/fizika_08/izergin-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760998278" "alt" => "" "width" => "1608" "height" => "2576" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1150} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1151} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1152} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1153} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 379 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 492 ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1155 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1156 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1157 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1774869 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1158 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1159 …30} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "book_page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1491968" "type" => "book_page" ] "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "76-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1929" "height" => 2558 "path" => "/media/fizika_08/izergin-u/0-1/76-1.webp?ts=1761329697" ] ] ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1774869 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1158} "book_page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1491968" "type" => "book_page" ] "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "76-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1929" "height" => 2558 "path" => "/media/fizika_08/izergin-u/0-1/76-1.webp?ts=1761329697" ] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1491969" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1491967" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1165 #items: array:5 [ 0 => App\Models\Task {#1166 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1492341 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "76" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/12-1" "field_display_title" => "1" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1167 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1168 …30} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1169 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1170 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1171 …30} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1176 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1171 …30} 1 => App\Models\Branch {#1177 …30} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1215 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1216 …30} 1 => App\Models\Element {#1218 …30} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1492342" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1492340" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1226 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1127} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1491968" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1492341 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "76" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/12-1" "field_display_title" => "1" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1167} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1169} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1170} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1176} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1215} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1492342" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1492340" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1226} "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1491968" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Task {#1227 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1492342 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "76" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/12-2" "field_display_title" => "2" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1228 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1168 …30} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => 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"book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 2 => App\Models\Task {#1238 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1492343 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "76" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/12-3" "field_display_title" => "3" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1239 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1168 …30} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1240 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1241 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1171 …30} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1242 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1171 …30} 1 => App\Models\Branch {#1177 …30} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1243 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1244 …30} 1 => App\Models\Element {#1246 …30} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1492344" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1492342" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1248 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1127} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1491968" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1492343 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "76" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/12-3" "field_display_title" => "3" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1239} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1240} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1241} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1242} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1243} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1492344" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1492342" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1248} "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1491968" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 3 => App\Models\Task {#1249 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1492344 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "76" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/12-4" "field_display_title" => "4" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1250 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1168 …30} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1251 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1252 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1171 …30} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1253 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1171 …30} 1 => App\Models\Branch {#1177 …30} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1254 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1255 …30} 1 => App\Models\Element {#1257 …30} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1492345" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1492343" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1259 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1127} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1491968" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1492344 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "76" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/12-4" "field_display_title" => "4" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1250} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1251} "top_parent_branch" => 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App\Models\Branch {#1177 …30} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1265 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1266 …30} 1 => App\Models\Element {#1268 …30} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1492346" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1492344" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1270 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1127} ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1491968" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1492345 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "76" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/12-5" "field_display_title" => "5" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1261} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => 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"2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "76" "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/page-76" "field_display_title" => "76" "field_folder" => "1" "field_image_name" => "76" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1126} "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1125} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1155} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1156} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1491969" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1491967" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1165} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1492341 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "76" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/12-1" "field_display_title" => "1" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#331} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1026} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#342} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1101} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1492342" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1492340" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1118} "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1491968" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] }
№1 (с. 76)
Условие. №1 (с. 76)
скриншот условия
1. Подтвердил, уточнил или опроверг эксперимент выдвинутую нами гипотезу?
Решение. №1 (с. 76)
Результаты эксперимента по отношению к выдвинутой гипотезе могут быть интерпретированы тремя основными способами:
Подтвердил
Эксперимент подтверждает выдвинутую гипотезу, если полученные в ходе его проведения результаты полностью совпадают с теми, которые были предсказаны на основе этой гипотезы. Например, если гипотеза предполагает, что при увеличении температуры газа в замкнутом объеме его давление будет расти, и эксперимент показывает именно такую зависимость, то гипотеза считается подтвержденной. Важно отметить, что подтверждение не является окончательным доказательством истинности гипотезы, а лишь увеличивает степень уверенности в ней. Последующие, более точные или проведенные в других условиях эксперименты могут выявить нюансы, которые потребуют уточнения гипотезы.
Ответ: Эксперимент подтверждает гипотезу, если его результаты соответствуют предсказаниям, сделанным на основе этой гипотезы.
Уточнил
Эксперимент уточняет гипотезу, когда его результаты в целом согласуются с предсказаниями, но при этом выявляют новые, ранее не учтенные факторы, условия или ограничения. Гипотеза в этом случае не опровергается, а модифицируется, становится более точной и полной. Например, гипотеза утверждала, что определенное лекарство эффективно против заболевания. Эксперимент мог показать, что лекарство действительно эффективно, но только для определенной возрастной группы пациентов или при отсутствии у них сопутствующих заболеваний. Таким образом, первоначальная гипотеза уточняется: "лекарство эффективно для пациентов в возрасте от 20 до 40 лет без хронических болезней почек".
Ответ: Эксперимент уточняет гипотезу, если его результаты в целом согласуются с ней, но при этом выявляют новые условия, ограничения или факторы, которые необходимо учесть, что приводит к её модификации и большей точности.
Опроверг
Эксперимент опровергает гипотезу, если его результаты прямо противоречат предсказаниям, сделанным на её основе. Согласно принципу фальсифицируемости, который является одним из ключевых критериев научности, любая гипотеза должна быть потенциально опровергаема. Если результаты эксперимента, проведенного корректно и с соблюдением всех методологических требований, не согласуются с гипотезой, то её следует признать ложной и отвергнуть. Например, если гипотеза гласит, что все вороны черные, то наблюдение хотя бы одной белой вороны (альбиноса) опровергает это утверждение. В таком случае ученым необходимо сформулировать новую гипотезу, которая сможет объяснить все имеющиеся наблюдения.
Ответ: Эксперимент опровергает гипотезу, если полученные результаты прямо противоречат её предсказаниям.
Другие задания:
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