gdz.top
Номер 8, страница 58 - гдз по физике 8 класс учебник Изергин
Авторы: Изергин Э. Т.
Тип: Учебник
Издательство: Русское слово
Год издания: 2019 - 2026
Цвет обложки: синий
ISBN: 978-5-533-01067-2
Популярные ГДЗ в 8 классе
Глава I. Тепловые явления. Качественные задачи к главе 1 - номер 8, страница 58.
App\Models\Task {#1024 // resources/views/models/task/default.blade.php #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1492316 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "58" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/glav01-8" "field_display_title" => "8" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#331 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1029 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 26 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "номер" "field_cases" => array:6 [ "field_accusative_case" => "номер" "field_creative_case" => "номером" "field_dative_case" => "номеру" "field_genitive_case" => "номера" "field_nominative_case" => "номер" "field_prepositional_case" => "номере" ] "field_short_name" => "№" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1026 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#342 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1023 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1492157 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Тепловые явления" "field_branch_order" => "I" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#333 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1033 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 29 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Глава" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_page_check_not_needed" => null "field_short_name" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "4" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1030 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1032 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 4168 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1034 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1036 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1038 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1040 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1042 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1043 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1045 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1047 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1049 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1051 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052 …2} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1054 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 8 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "417" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01067-2" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1058 …2} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 4168 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1034 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1036 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1038 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1040 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1042 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1043 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1045 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1047 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1049 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1050 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1051 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1052 …2} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1054 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1055 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 8 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "417" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01067-2" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1056 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1057 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1058 …2} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1059 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1492157 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Тепловые явления" "field_branch_order" => "I" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#333} "field_page_start" => "4" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1030} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1061} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1023} 1 => App\Models\Branch {#1063 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1492167 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Качественные задачи к главе 1" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_page_start" => "57" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1066 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 4168 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1069 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1075 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1076 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1078 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1080 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1083 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1084 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1085 …2} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1087 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 8 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "417" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01067-2" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1089 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1090 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091 …2} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1092 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 4168 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1067 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1069 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1071 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1073 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1075 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1076 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1078 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1080 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1082 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1083 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1084 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1085 …2} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1087 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1088 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 8 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "417" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01067-2" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1089 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1090 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1091 …2} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1092 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1094 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Branch {#1095 #connection: "mysql" #table: "branches" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1492157 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Тепловые явления" "field_branch_order" => "I" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1096 …2} "field_page_start" => "4" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098 …2} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1099 …2} ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1492157 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Тепловые явления" "field_branch_order" => "I" "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1096 …2} "field_page_start" => "4" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1098 …2} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1099 …2} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1492167 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_display_title" => "Качественные задачи к главе 1" "field_branch_order" => null "field_url" => null "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1064} "field_page_start" => "57" "field_branch_display" => "0" "field_branch_expanded" => "0" "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1" "field_display_task_interval" => "0" "field_display_branch_page" => "1" "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0" "field_navigation_title" => null "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_branch_cover" => [] "field_branch_covers" => [] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1065} "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1094} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100 #items: array:2 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1101 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:7 [ "id" => 1774774 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1103 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 6496 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1104 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "stas" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1106 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1107 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1108 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 6496 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Условие" "field_order" => "1" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1104 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text, image" "field_page_content_mode" => "image" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Автор" "field_moderator" => "stas" "field_edition_type" => "statement" "field_root_dir" => "0-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1106 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1107 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1108 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1492316" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>8.</strong> Почему озимые посевы могут погибнуть, если зима будет бесснежной?</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "8-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1469" "height" => 211 "path" => "/media/fizika_08/izergin-u/0-glav01/8-1.webp?ts=1761329280" ] ] ] #original: array:7 [ "id" => 1774774 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1102} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1492316" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p><strong>8.</strong> Почему озимые посевы могут погибнуть, если зима будет бесснежной?</p>" "img" => array:1 [ 0 => array:5 [ "name" => "8-1.jpg" "alt" => null "width" => "1469" "height" => 211 "path" => "/media/fizika_08/izergin-u/0-glav01/8-1.webp?ts=1761329280" ] ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Element {#1109 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1851946 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1110 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Edition {#1111 #connection: "mysql" #table: "editions" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 7014 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1112 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1114 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1115 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1116 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 7014 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "title" => "Решение" "field_order" => "2" "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1112 …2} "field_content_type" => "free" "field_content_mode" => "text" "field_page_content_mode" => "" "field_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_page_content_text_checked" => "0" "field_solution_author" => "Gemini 2.5 Pro" "field_moderator" => "tolik" "field_edition_type" => "solution" "field_root_dir" => "1-" "field_responsible" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1114 …2} "field_comment" => null "field_similar_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1115 …2} "field_process_formula" => "katex" "field_edition_group" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1116 …2} "field_content_source" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1492316" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p>Озимые посевы, которые сажают осенью, могут погибнуть в бесснежную зиму по причине отсутствия естественной защиты от мороза. Эту защитную роль выполняет снежный покров.</p><p>Основная причина заключается в низкой теплопроводности снега. Снег имеет рыхлую, пористую структуру, и между отдельными снежинками содержится большое количество воздуха. Воздух, в свою очередь, является очень плохим проводником тепла. Поэтому снежный покров, подобно одеялу, укрывает землю и не позволяет теплу, накопленному в почве, быстро уходить в атмосферу. Он также защищает почву и растения от воздействия низких температур воздуха и ледяного ветра.</p><p>Под слоем снега толщиной в несколько десятков сантиметров температура почвы может быть на 15-20 градусов выше, чем температура окружающего воздуха. Например, при морозе в $-25$ °C под снегом температура может быть всего $-3$ °C. Такие условия позволяют озимым культурам пережить зиму, так как их корневая система и, что особенно важно, узел кущения (центр, из которого весной начнется рост новых побегов) находятся в защищенной от вымерзания среде.</p><p>В бесснежную зиму почва оказывается незащищенной. Сильные морозы приводят к глубокому промерзанию грунта. Это вызывает повреждение и гибель корневой системы растений, а также вымерзание узла кущения, что неминуемо ведет к гибели всего посева.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Озимые посевы могут погибнуть, так как снег является естественным теплоизолятором. Благодаря своей пористой структуре с большим количеством воздуха, он защищает почву и растения от сильных морозов. Без снежного покрова земля глубоко промерзает, что приводит к вымерзанию и гибели корневой системы и жизненно важных частей растений.</p>" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1851946 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1110} "task" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1492316" "type" => "task" ] "text" => "<p>Озимые посевы, которые сажают осенью, могут погибнуть в бесснежную зиму по причине отсутствия естественной защиты от мороза. Эту защитную роль выполняет снежный покров.</p><p>Основная причина заключается в низкой теплопроводности снега. Снег имеет рыхлую, пористую структуру, и между отдельными снежинками содержится большое количество воздуха. Воздух, в свою очередь, является очень плохим проводником тепла. Поэтому снежный покров, подобно одеялу, укрывает землю и не позволяет теплу, накопленному в почве, быстро уходить в атмосферу. Он также защищает почву и растения от воздействия низких температур воздуха и ледяного ветра.</p><p>Под слоем снега толщиной в несколько десятков сантиметров температура почвы может быть на 15-20 градусов выше, чем температура окружающего воздуха. Например, при морозе в $-25$ °C под снегом температура может быть всего $-3$ °C. Такие условия позволяют озимым культурам пережить зиму, так как их корневая система и, что особенно важно, узел кущения (центр, из которого весной начнется рост новых побегов) находятся в защищенной от вымерзания среде.</p><p>В бесснежную зиму почва оказывается незащищенной. Сильные морозы приводят к глубокому промерзанию грунта. Это вызывает повреждение и гибель корневой системы растений, а также вымерзание узла кущения, что неминуемо ведет к гибели всего посева.</p><p><strong>Ответ:</strong> Озимые посевы могут погибнуть, так как снег является естественным теплоизолятором. Благодаря своей пористой структуре с большим количеством воздуха, он защищает почву и растения от сильных морозов. Без снежного покрова земля глубоко промерзает, что приводит к вымерзанию и гибели корневой системы и жизненно важных частей растений.</p>" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1492317" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1492315" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1117 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1118 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 4168 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1119 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1120 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6493 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Физика" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "fizika" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6493 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Физика" "field_abbreviated_name" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_subject_type" => "technical_subject" "field_translit" => "fizika" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1121 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1122 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5457 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "8" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "vosmoj" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5457 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "8" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "vosmoj" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1123 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1124 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 5176 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Русское слово" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "russkoe slovo" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 5176 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Русское слово" "field_cases" => null "field_translit" => "russkoe slovo" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1125 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1126 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:12 [ "id" => 4491 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Изергин" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Эдуард" "field_patronymic" => "Тимофеевич" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #original: array:12 [ "id" => 4491 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Изергин" "field_bio" => null "field_degree_rp" => null "field_foreign_lang_name" => null "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null "field_name" => "Эдуард" "field_patronymic" => "Тимофеевич" "field_surname_rp" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1127 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1128 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1129 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6671 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Учебник" "field_book_type_foreign" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_plural_form" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "uchebnik" ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6671 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Учебник" "field_book_type_foreign" => null "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_plural_form" => null "field_short_name" => null "field_short_name_foreign" => null "field_translit" => "uchebnik" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1131 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 9 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Россия" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "rossiya" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1133 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 15 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "Москва" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "moskva" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1134 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1138 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:10 [ "id" => 6706 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "ФГОС (старый)" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_color" => null "field_end_year" => "2022" "field_start_year" => "2019" "field_translit" => "fgos-old" "field_type" => null ] #original: array:10 [ "id" => 6706 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "ФГОС (старый)" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_color" => null "field_end_year" => "2022" "field_start_year" => "2019" "field_translit" => "fgos-old" "field_type" => null ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1140 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 8 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "417" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01067-2" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_08/izergin-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760998278" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/fizika_08/izergin-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760998278" "alt" => "" "width" => "1608" "height" => "2576" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1141 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1142 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1143 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Term {#1145 #connection: "mysql" #table: "terms" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 49 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "синий" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "siniy" ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 49 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "name" => "синий" "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6] "field_translit" => "siniy" ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 379 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 492 ] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 4168 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1119} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1121} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1123} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1125} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1127} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1128} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1130} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1132} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1134} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1140} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 8 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "417" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01067-2" "field_cover" => array:1 [ 0 => "/media/fizika_08/izergin-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760998278" ] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "field_covers" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "path" => "/media/fizika_08/izergin-u/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1760998278" "alt" => "" "width" => "1608" "height" => "2576" ] ] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1141} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1142} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1143} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ "class" => 379 "subject" => 556 "class_subject" => 492 ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "page" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1507 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\BookPage {#1150 #connection: "mysql" #table: "book_pages" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:21 [ "id" => 1491950 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "58" "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/page-58" "field_display_title" => "58" "field_folder" => "1" "field_image_name" => "58" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1153 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1152 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Book {#1154 #connection: "mysql" #table: "books" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: false #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:50 [ "id" => 4168 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1155 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1157 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1159 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1161 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1163 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1164 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1166 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1168 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1170 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1171 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1172 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1173 …2} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1175 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1176 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 8 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "417" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01067-2" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1177 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1178 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1179 …2} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1180 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #original: array:50 [ "id" => 4168 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks" "field_pages_status" => null "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1155 …2} "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1157 …2} "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1159 …2} "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1161 …2} "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1163 …2} "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1164 …2} "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1166 …2} "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1168 …2} "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1170 …2} "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1171 …2} "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1172 …2} "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1173 …2} "field_publication_number" => null "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1175 …2} "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1176 …2} "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null "field_cover_description" => null "field_publication_year" => "2019" "field_publication_year_until" => null "field_part" => "" "field_part_writing" => "" "field_second_foreign_language" => null "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 8 класса общеобразовательных организаций" "field_allowed" => null "field_reserve_field" => null "field_link_to_source" => null "field_tasks_count" => "417" "field_priority" => null "field_default_folder" => "/fizika_08/izergin-u/" "field_isbn" => "978-5-533-01067-2" "field_cover" => array:1 [ …1] "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [ …1] "field_covers" => array:1 [ …1] "field_popular_book" => "0" "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1177 …2} "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1178 …2} "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1179 …2} "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik" "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1180 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [ …3] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1182 #items: [] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1183 #items: array:1 [ 0 => App\Models\Element {#1184 #connection: "mysql" #table: "elements" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:6 [ "id" => 1774851 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1185 …2} "book_page" => array:2 [ …2] "img" => array:1 [ …1] ] #original: array:6 [ "id" => 1774851 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1185 …2} "book_page" => array:2 [ …2] "img" => array:1 [ …1] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1491951" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1491949" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1192 #items: array:14 [ 0 => App\Models\Task {#1193 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1492310 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "58" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/glav01-2" "field_display_title" => "2" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1194 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1196 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1197 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1231 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1302 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1313 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1492310 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "58" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/glav01-2" "field_display_title" => "2" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1194 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1196 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1197 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1231 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1302 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1313 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 1 => App\Models\Task {#1314 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1492311 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "58" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/glav01-3" "field_display_title" => "3" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1315 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1316 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1317 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1318 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1319 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1324 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1492311 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "58" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/glav01-3" "field_display_title" => "3" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1315 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1316 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1317 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1318 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1319 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1324 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 2 => App\Models\Task {#1325 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1492312 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "58" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/glav01-4" "field_display_title" => "4" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1326 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1327 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1328 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1329 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1330 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1335 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1492312 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "58" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/glav01-4" "field_display_title" => "4" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1326 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1327 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1328 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1329 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1330 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1335 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 3 => App\Models\Task {#1336 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1492313 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "58" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/glav01-5" "field_display_title" => "5" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1337 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1338 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1339 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1340 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1341 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1346 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1492313 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "58" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/glav01-5" "field_display_title" => "5" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1337 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1338 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1339 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1340 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1341 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1346 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } 4 => App\Models\Task {#1347 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ "id" => 1492314 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "58" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/glav01-6" "field_display_title" => "6" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1348 …2} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1349 …2} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1350 …2} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1351 …2} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1352 …2} "next" => array:2 [ …2] "previous" => array:2 [ …2] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1357 …2} "page" => array:2 [ …2] ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1492314 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "58" …20 ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 5 => App\Models\Task {#1358 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 6 => App\Models\Task {#1369 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 7 => App\Models\Task {#1380 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 8 => App\Models\Task {#1391 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 9 => App\Models\Task {#1402 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 10 => App\Models\Task {#1413 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 11 => App\Models\Task {#1436 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 12 => App\Models\Task {#1459 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } 13 => App\Models\Task {#1482 #connection: "mysql" #table: "tasks" #primaryKey: "id" #keyType: "int" +incrementing: true #with: [] #withCount: [] +preventsLazyLoading: false #perPage: 15 +exists: true +wasRecentlyCreated: false #escapeWhenCastingToString: false #attributes: array:24 [ …24] #original: array:24 [ …24] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ …1] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:21 [ "id" => 1491950 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "58" "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/page-58" "field_display_title" => "58" "field_folder" => "1" "field_image_name" => "58" "field_branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1153} "field_weight" => "0" "field_book_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1152} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1182} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1183} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1491951" "type" => "book_page" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1491949" "type" => "book_page" ] "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1192} ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] } ] #escapeWhenCastingToString: false } ] #original: array:24 [ "id" => 1492316 "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26" "updated_at" => null "field_page_start" => "58" "field_page_end" => null "field_url" => "/8-klass/fizika/izergin-uchebnik/glav01-8" "field_display_title" => "8" "field_outside_task" => null "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#331} "field_metatags_title" => null "field_metatags_description" => null "field_h1" => null "field_description_top" => null "field_description_bottom" => null "field_match" => null "breadcrumbs" => [] "edition_groups" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1026} "top_parent_branch" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#342} "parent_branches" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1062} "content" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1100} "next" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1492317" "type" => "task" ] "previous" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1492315" "type" => "task" ] "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1117} "page" => array:2 [ "refs" => "1491950" "type" => "book_page" ] ] #changes: [] #casts: [] #classCastCache: [] #attributeCastCache: [] #dateFormat: null #appends: [] #dispatchesEvents: [] #observables: [] #relations: [] #touches: [] +timestamps: true +usesUniqueIds: false #hidden: [] #visible: [] #fillable: [] #guarded: array:1 [ 0 => "*" ] }
№8 (с. 58)
Условие. №8 (с. 58)
скриншот условия
8. Почему озимые посевы могут погибнуть, если зима будет бесснежной?
Решение. №8 (с. 58)
Озимые посевы, которые сажают осенью, могут погибнуть в бесснежную зиму по причине отсутствия естественной защиты от мороза. Эту защитную роль выполняет снежный покров.
Основная причина заключается в низкой теплопроводности снега. Снег имеет рыхлую, пористую структуру, и между отдельными снежинками содержится большое количество воздуха. Воздух, в свою очередь, является очень плохим проводником тепла. Поэтому снежный покров, подобно одеялу, укрывает землю и не позволяет теплу, накопленному в почве, быстро уходить в атмосферу. Он также защищает почву и растения от воздействия низких температур воздуха и ледяного ветра.
Под слоем снега толщиной в несколько десятков сантиметров температура почвы может быть на 15-20 градусов выше, чем температура окружающего воздуха. Например, при морозе в $-25$ °C под снегом температура может быть всего $-3$ °C. Такие условия позволяют озимым культурам пережить зиму, так как их корневая система и, что особенно важно, узел кущения (центр, из которого весной начнется рост новых побегов) находятся в защищенной от вымерзания среде.
В бесснежную зиму почва оказывается незащищенной. Сильные морозы приводят к глубокому промерзанию грунта. Это вызывает повреждение и гибель корневой системы растений, а также вымерзание узла кущения, что неминуемо ведет к гибели всего посева.
Ответ: Озимые посевы могут погибнуть, так как снег является естественным теплоизолятором. Благодаря своей пористой структуре с большим количеством воздуха, он защищает почву и растения от сильных морозов. Без снежного покрова земля глубоко промерзает, что приводит к вымерзанию и гибели корневой системы и жизненно важных частей растений.
Другие задания:
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