Номер 2.38, страница 60 - гдз по геометрии 8 класс учебник Шыныбеков, Шыныбеков

Геометрия, 8 класс Учебник, авторы: Шыныбеков Абдухали Насырович, Шыныбеков Данияр Абдухалиевич, Жумабаев Ринат Нурланович, издательство Атамұра, Алматы, 2018

Авторы: Шыныбеков А. Н., Шыныбеков Д. А., Жумабаев Р. Н.

Тип: Учебник

Издательство: Атамұра

Год издания: 2018 - 2026

ISBN: 978-601-331-161-6

Рекомендовано Министерством образования и науки Республики Казахстан

Раздел 2. Соотношения между сторонами и углами прямоугольного треугольника. 2.1. Теорема о пропорциональных отрезках. Теорема Пифагора - номер 2.38, страница 60.

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                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 6991
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Атамұра"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "atamu'ra"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 6991
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Атамұра"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "atamu'ra"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1124
                      #items: array:3 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1125
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:12 [
                            "id" => 6992
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Шыныбеков"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Абдухали"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Насырович"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #original: array:12 [
                            "id" => 6992
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Шыныбеков"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Абдухали"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Насырович"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                        1 => App\Models\Term {#1126
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:12 [
                            "id" => 6993
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Шыныбеков"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Данияр"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Абдухалиевич"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #original: array:12 [
                            "id" => 6993
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Шыныбеков"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Данияр"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Абдухалиевич"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                        2 => App\Models\Term {#1127
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:12 [
                            "id" => 7001
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Жумабаев"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Ринат"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Нурланович"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #original: array:12 [
                            "id" => 7001
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Жумабаев"
                            "field_bio" => null
                            "field_degree_rp" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_name" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_patronymic" => null
                            "field_foreign_lang_surname" => null
                            "field_name" => "Ринат"
                            "field_patronymic" => "Нурланович"
                            "field_surname_rp" => null
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1128
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1129
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1130
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:10 [
                            "id" => 6671
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Учебник"
                            "field_book_type_foreign" => null
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_plural_form" => null
                            "field_short_name" => null
                            "field_short_name_foreign" => null
                            "field_translit" => "uchebnik"
                          ]
                          #original: array:10 [
                            "id" => 6671
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Учебник"
                            "field_book_type_foreign" => null
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_plural_form" => null
                            "field_short_name" => null
                            "field_short_name_foreign" => null
                            "field_translit" => "uchebnik"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1132
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 6994
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Казахстан"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "kazakhstan"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 6994
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Казахстан"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "kazakhstan"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1133
                      #items: array:1 [
                        0 => App\Models\Term {#1134
                          #connection: "mysql"
                          #table: "terms"
                          #primaryKey: "id"
                          #keyType: "int"
                          +incrementing: false
                          #with: []
                          #withCount: []
                          +preventsLazyLoading: false
                          #perPage: 15
                          +exists: true
                          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
                          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                          #attributes: array:6 [
                            "id" => 6995
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Алматы"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "almaty"
                          ]
                          #original: array:6 [
                            "id" => 6995
                            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                            "updated_at" => null
                            "name" => "Алматы"
                            "field_cases" => array:6 [ …6]
                            "field_translit" => "almaty"
                          ]
                          #changes: []
                          #casts: []
                          #classCastCache: []
                          #attributeCastCache: []
                          #dateFormat: null
                          #appends: []
                          #dispatchesEvents: []
                          #observables: []
                          #relations: []
                          #touches: []
                          +timestamps: true
                          +usesUniqueIds: false
                          #hidden: []
                          #visible: []
                          #fillable: []
                          #guarded: array:1 [
                            0 => "*"
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1138
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_publication_number" => null
                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1140
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
                    "field_cover_description" => null
                    "field_publication_year" => "2018"
                    "field_publication_year_until" => null
                    "field_part" => ""
                    "field_part_writing" => ""
                    "field_second_foreign_language" => null
                    "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 8 класса общеобразовательных школ"
                    "field_allowed" => "Рекомендовано Министерством образования и науки Республики Казахстан"
                    "field_reserve_field" => null
                    "field_link_to_source" => null
                    "field_tasks_count" => "538"
                    "field_priority" => "6"
                    "field_default_folder" => "/geometrija_08/Shynybekov-u17/"
                    "field_isbn" => "978-601-331-161-6"
                    "field_cover" => array:1 [
                      0 => "/media/geometrija_08/Shynybekov-u17/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1753258124"
                    ]
                    "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [
                      0 => ""
                    ]
                    "field_covers" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:4 [
                        "path" => "/media/geometrija_08/Shynybekov-u17/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1753258124"
                        "alt" => ""
                        "width" => "1632"
                        "height" => "2472"
                      ]
                    ]
                    "field_popular_book" => null
                    "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1141
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1142
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1143
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_url" => "/8-klass/geometrija/shynybekov-uchebnik"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144
                      #items: []
                      #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
                    }
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
                      "class" => 379
                      "subject" => 543
                      "class_subject" => 390
                    ]
                  ]
                  #original: array:50 [
                    "id" => 2592
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "field_tree_default_status" => "tasks"
                    "field_pages_status" => null
                    "field_subject" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1119}
                    "field_class" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1120}
                    "field_publisher" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1122}
                    "field_author" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1124}
                    "field_author_foreign" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1128}
                    "field_book_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1129}
                    "field_country" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1131}
                    "field_city" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1133}
                    "field_series" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1135}
                    "field_umk" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1136}
                    "field_level_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1137}
                    "field_standart_of_education" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1138}
                    "field_publication_number" => null
                    "field_publication_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1139}
                    "field_under_the_edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1140}
                    "field_under_the_edition_degree" => null
                    "field_cover_description" => null
                    "field_publication_year" => "2018"
                    "field_publication_year_until" => null
                    "field_part" => ""
                    "field_part_writing" => ""
                    "field_second_foreign_language" => null
                    "field_for_whom" => "Учебник для 8 класса общеобразовательных школ"
                    "field_allowed" => "Рекомендовано Министерством образования и науки Республики Казахстан"
                    "field_reserve_field" => null
                    "field_link_to_source" => null
                    "field_tasks_count" => "538"
                    "field_priority" => "6"
                    "field_default_folder" => "/geometrija_08/Shynybekov-u17/"
                    "field_isbn" => "978-601-331-161-6"
                    "field_cover" => array:1 [
                      0 => "/media/geometrija_08/Shynybekov-u17/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1753258124"
                    ]
                    "field_cover_alts" => array:1 [
                      0 => ""
                    ]
                    "field_covers" => array:1 [
                      0 => array:4 [
                        "path" => "/media/geometrija_08/Shynybekov-u17/covers/cover1.webp?ts=1753258124"
                        "alt" => ""
                        "width" => "1632"
                        "height" => "2472"
                      ]
                    ]
                    "field_popular_book" => null
                    "field_recommended_books" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1141}
                    "field_new_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1142}
                    "field_old_book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1143}
                    "field_url" => "/8-klass/geometrija/shynybekov-uchebnik"
                    "field_cover_color" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1144}
                    "field_metatags_title" => null
                    "field_metatags_description" => null
                    "field_h1" => null
                    "field_description_top" => null
                    "field_description_bottom" => null
                    "breadcrumbs" => array:3 [
                      "class" => 379
                      "subject" => 543
                      "class_subject" => 390
                    ]
                  ]
                  #changes: []
                  #casts: []
                  #classCastCache: []
                  #attributeCastCache: []
                  #dateFormat: null
                  #appends: []
                  #dispatchesEvents: []
                  #observables: []
                  #relations: []
                  #touches: []
                  +timestamps: true
                  +usesUniqueIds: false
                  #hidden: []
                  #visible: []
                  #fillable: []
                  #guarded: array:1 [
                    0 => "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
          ]
          #original: array:24 [
            "id" => 1122381
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "Соотношения между сторонами и углами прямоугольного треугольника"
            "field_branch_order" => "2"
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1118}
            "field_page_start" => "52"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1147}
            "branch_parent" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1145}
          ]
          #changes: []
          #casts: []
          #classCastCache: []
          #attributeCastCache: []
          #dateFormat: null
          #appends: []
          #dispatchesEvents: []
          #observables: []
          #relations: []
          #touches: []
          +timestamps: true
          +usesUniqueIds: false
          #hidden: []
          #visible: []
          #fillable: []
          #guarded: array:1 [
            0 => "*"
          ]
        }
        1 => App\Models\Branch {#1146
          #connection: "mysql"
          #table: "branches"
          #primaryKey: "id"
          #keyType: "int"
          +incrementing: true
          #with: []
          #withCount: []
          +preventsLazyLoading: false
          #perPage: 15
          +exists: true
          +wasRecentlyCreated: false
          #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
          #attributes: array:24 [
            "id" => 1122382
            "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
            "updated_at" => null
            "field_display_title" => "2.1. Теорема о пропорциональных отрезках. Теорема Пифагора"
            "field_branch_order" => null
            "field_url" => null
            "field_branch_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1148
              #items: []
              #escapeWhenCastingToString: false
            }
            "field_page_start" => "52"
            "field_branch_display" => "0"
            "field_branch_expanded" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_in_title" => "1"
            "field_display_task_interval" => "0"
            "field_display_branch_page" => "1"
            "field_branch_title_in_content" => "0"
            "field_navigation_title" => null
            "field_metatags_title" => null
            "field_metatags_description" => null
            "field_h1" => null
            "field_description_top" => null
            "field_description_bottom" => null
            "field_branch_cover" => []
            "field_branch_covers" => []
            "book" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1149
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            "text" => "<p>Пусть в окружности с центром $O$ и радиусом $R$ проведены две равные и взаимно перпендикулярные хорды $AB$ и $CD$, которые пересекаются в точке $P$.</p><p>По условию задачи, хорды в точке пересечения делятся на отрезки длиной 10 см и 16 см. Так как хорды равны, то длина каждой из них составляет $10 + 16 = 26$ см. То есть, $AB = CD = 26$ см.</p><p>Проведем из центра окружности $O$ перпендикуляры $OM$ и $ON$ к хордам $AB$ и $CD$ соответственно. Таким образом, $OM \perp AB$ и $ON \perp CD$.</p><p>Свойство окружности гласит, что перпендикуляр, опущенный из центра на хорду, делит эту хорду пополам. Следовательно, точка $M$ является серединой хорды $AB$, а точка $N$ — серединой хорды $CD$.</p><p>Найдем длины половин хорд:</p><p>$AM = MB = \frac{AB}{2} = \frac{26}{2} = 13$ см.</p><p>$CN = ND = \frac{CD}{2} = \frac{26}{2} = 13$ см.</p><p>Также известно, что равные хорды равноудалены от центра окружности. Поскольку $AB = CD$, то и расстояния от центра до этих хорд равны: $OM = ON$.</p><p>Рассмотрим четырехугольник $OMPN$. В нем три угла прямые: $\angle OMP = 90^\circ$ (по построению), $\angle ONP = 90^\circ$ (по построению) и $\angle MPN = 90^\circ$ (так как хорды $AB$ и $CD$ взаимно перпендикулярны по условию). Следовательно, $OMPN$ является прямоугольником. А так как у него смежные стороны $OM$ и $ON$ равны, то $OMPN$ — квадрат.</p><p>Теперь найдем длину стороны этого квадрата. Точка $P$ делит хорду $AB$ на отрезки, пусть $AP = 10$ см и $PB = 16$ см. Расстояние $PM$ можно найти как разность длин отрезков $MB$ и $PB$ (или $AM$ и $AP$):</p><p>$PM = |MB - PB| = |13 - 16| = 3$ см.</p><p>Или, что то же самое:</p><p>$PM = |AM - AP| = |13 - 10| = 3$ см.</p><p>Так как $OMPN$ — квадрат, то все его стороны равны 3 см: $OM = ON = NP = PM = 3$ см.</p><p>Для нахождения радиуса $R$ рассмотрим прямоугольный треугольник $\triangle OMB$. Гипотенуза этого треугольника — радиус $OB = R$, а катеты — $OM$ (расстояние от центра до хорды) и $MB$ (половина длины хорды).</p><p>По теореме Пифагора:</p><p>$R^2 = OB^2 = OM^2 + MB^2$</p><p>Подставим известные значения:</p><p>$R^2 = 3^2 + 13^2$</p><p>$R^2 = 9 + 169$</p><p>$R^2 = 178$</p><p>$R = \sqrt{178}$ см.</p><p>Ответ: $\sqrt{178}$ см.</p>"
          ]
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            "id" => 1480941
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            "updated_at" => null
            "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1155}
            "task" => array:2 [
              "refs" => "1122706"
              "type" => "task"
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            "text" => "<p>Пусть в окружности с центром $O$ и радиусом $R$ проведены две равные и взаимно перпендикулярные хорды $AB$ и $CD$, которые пересекаются в точке $P$.</p><p>По условию задачи, хорды в точке пересечения делятся на отрезки длиной 10 см и 16 см. Так как хорды равны, то длина каждой из них составляет $10 + 16 = 26$ см. То есть, $AB = CD = 26$ см.</p><p>Проведем из центра окружности $O$ перпендикуляры $OM$ и $ON$ к хордам $AB$ и $CD$ соответственно. Таким образом, $OM \perp AB$ и $ON \perp CD$.</p><p>Свойство окружности гласит, что перпендикуляр, опущенный из центра на хорду, делит эту хорду пополам. Следовательно, точка $M$ является серединой хорды $AB$, а точка $N$ — серединой хорды $CD$.</p><p>Найдем длины половин хорд:</p><p>$AM = MB = \frac{AB}{2} = \frac{26}{2} = 13$ см.</p><p>$CN = ND = \frac{CD}{2} = \frac{26}{2} = 13$ см.</p><p>Также известно, что равные хорды равноудалены от центра окружности. Поскольку $AB = CD$, то и расстояния от центра до этих хорд равны: $OM = ON$.</p><p>Рассмотрим четырехугольник $OMPN$. В нем три угла прямые: $\angle OMP = 90^\circ$ (по построению), $\angle ONP = 90^\circ$ (по построению) и $\angle MPN = 90^\circ$ (так как хорды $AB$ и $CD$ взаимно перпендикулярны по условию). Следовательно, $OMPN$ является прямоугольником. А так как у него смежные стороны $OM$ и $ON$ равны, то $OMPN$ — квадрат.</p><p>Теперь найдем длину стороны этого квадрата. Точка $P$ делит хорду $AB$ на отрезки, пусть $AP = 10$ см и $PB = 16$ см. Расстояние $PM$ можно найти как разность длин отрезков $MB$ и $PB$ (или $AM$ и $AP$):</p><p>$PM = |MB - PB| = |13 - 16| = 3$ см.</p><p>Или, что то же самое:</p><p>$PM = |AM - AP| = |13 - 10| = 3$ см.</p><p>Так как $OMPN$ — квадрат, то все его стороны равны 3 см: $OM = ON = NP = PM = 3$ см.</p><p>Для нахождения радиуса $R$ рассмотрим прямоугольный треугольник $\triangle OMB$. Гипотенуза этого треугольника — радиус $OB = R$, а катеты — $OM$ (расстояние от центра до хорды) и $MB$ (половина длины хорды).</p><p>По теореме Пифагора:</p><p>$R^2 = OB^2 = OM^2 + MB^2$</p><p>Подставим известные значения:</p><p>$R^2 = 3^2 + 13^2$</p><p>$R^2 = 9 + 169$</p><p>$R^2 = 178$</p><p>$R = \sqrt{178}$ см.</p><p>Ответ: $\sqrt{178}$ см.</p>"
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                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
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                    "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1166 …2}
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                1 => App\Models\Element {#1167
                  #connection: "mysql"
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                    "id" => 1290409
                    "created_at" => "2026-04-10 13:58:26"
                    "updated_at" => null
                    "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1168 …2}
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                    "edition" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1168 …2}
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            "tasks" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1272
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                3 => App\Models\Task {#1311
                  #connection: "mysql"
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                    "field_task_type" => Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#1303 …2}
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№2.38 (с. 60)
Учебник rus. №2.38 (с. 60)
скриншот условия
Геометрия, 8 класс Учебник, авторы: Шыныбеков Абдухали Насырович, Шыныбеков Данияр Абдухалиевич, Жумабаев Ринат Нурланович, издательство Атамұра, Алматы, 2018, страница 60, номер 2.38, Учебник rus

2.38. Две равные и взаимно перпендикулярные хорды окружности в точке пересечения делятся на части длиной 10 см и 16 см. Найдите радиус окружности.

Учебник kz. №2.38 (с. 60)
Геометрия, 8 класс Учебник, авторы: Шыныбеков Абдухали Насырович, Шыныбеков Данияр Абдухалиевич, Жумабаев Ринат Нурланович, издательство Атамұра, Алматы, 2018, страница 60, номер 2.38, Учебник kz
Решение. №2.38 (с. 60)
Геометрия, 8 класс Учебник, авторы: Шыныбеков Абдухали Насырович, Шыныбеков Данияр Абдухалиевич, Жумабаев Ринат Нурланович, издательство Атамұра, Алматы, 2018, страница 60, номер 2.38, Решение
Решение 2 rus. №2.38 (с. 60)

Пусть в окружности с центром $O$ и радиусом $R$ проведены две равные и взаимно перпендикулярные хорды $AB$ и $CD$, которые пересекаются в точке $P$.

По условию задачи, хорды в точке пересечения делятся на отрезки длиной 10 см и 16 см. Так как хорды равны, то длина каждой из них составляет $10 + 16 = 26$ см. То есть, $AB = CD = 26$ см.

Проведем из центра окружности $O$ перпендикуляры $OM$ и $ON$ к хордам $AB$ и $CD$ соответственно. Таким образом, $OM \perp AB$ и $ON \perp CD$.

Свойство окружности гласит, что перпендикуляр, опущенный из центра на хорду, делит эту хорду пополам. Следовательно, точка $M$ является серединой хорды $AB$, а точка $N$ — серединой хорды $CD$.

Найдем длины половин хорд:

$AM = MB = \frac{AB}{2} = \frac{26}{2} = 13$ см.

$CN = ND = \frac{CD}{2} = \frac{26}{2} = 13$ см.

Также известно, что равные хорды равноудалены от центра окружности. Поскольку $AB = CD$, то и расстояния от центра до этих хорд равны: $OM = ON$.

Рассмотрим четырехугольник $OMPN$. В нем три угла прямые: $\angle OMP = 90^\circ$ (по построению), $\angle ONP = 90^\circ$ (по построению) и $\angle MPN = 90^\circ$ (так как хорды $AB$ и $CD$ взаимно перпендикулярны по условию). Следовательно, $OMPN$ является прямоугольником. А так как у него смежные стороны $OM$ и $ON$ равны, то $OMPN$ — квадрат.

Теперь найдем длину стороны этого квадрата. Точка $P$ делит хорду $AB$ на отрезки, пусть $AP = 10$ см и $PB = 16$ см. Расстояние $PM$ можно найти как разность длин отрезков $MB$ и $PB$ (или $AM$ и $AP$):

$PM = |MB - PB| = |13 - 16| = 3$ см.

Или, что то же самое:

$PM = |AM - AP| = |13 - 10| = 3$ см.

Так как $OMPN$ — квадрат, то все его стороны равны 3 см: $OM = ON = NP = PM = 3$ см.

Для нахождения радиуса $R$ рассмотрим прямоугольный треугольник $\triangle OMB$. Гипотенуза этого треугольника — радиус $OB = R$, а катеты — $OM$ (расстояние от центра до хорды) и $MB$ (половина длины хорды).

По теореме Пифагора:

$R^2 = OB^2 = OM^2 + MB^2$

Подставим известные значения:

$R^2 = 3^2 + 13^2$

$R^2 = 9 + 169$

$R^2 = 178$

$R = \sqrt{178}$ см.

Ответ: $\sqrt{178}$ см.

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